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JP2018205125A - Method and device for measuring soil corrosion speed - Google Patents

Method and device for measuring soil corrosion speed Download PDF

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JP2018205125A
JP2018205125A JP2017110926A JP2017110926A JP2018205125A JP 2018205125 A JP2018205125 A JP 2018205125A JP 2017110926 A JP2017110926 A JP 2017110926A JP 2017110926 A JP2017110926 A JP 2017110926A JP 2018205125 A JP2018205125 A JP 2018205125A
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soil
polarization resistance
measurement
corrosion rate
impedance
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翔太 大木
Shota Oki
翔太 大木
真悟 峯田
Shingo Mineta
真悟 峯田
水沼 守
Mamoru Mizunuma
守 水沼
東 康弘
Yasuhiro Azuma
康弘 東
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NTT Inc
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Abstract

【課題】土壌埋設された金属材料の腐食速度をより正確に評価する。【解決手段】埋設された金属材料に対し交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施し、土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路に基づき、測定で得られたナイキスト線図から分極抵抗Rpを算出し、算出した分極抵抗Rpを用いて腐食速度を導出する。これにより、交流インピーダンス法の測定結果から埋設された金属材料の腐食速度をより正確に評価することが可能となる。【選択図】図1PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To more accurately evaluate the corrosion rate of a metal material buried in soil. SOLUTION: A measurement is performed on an embedded metal material by an AC impedance method, and a polarization resistance Rp is calculated from a Nyquist diagram obtained by the measurement based on an equivalent circuit that can explain the soil corrosion reaction well. The corrosion rate is derived using the resulting polarization resistance Rp. This makes it possible to more accurately evaluate the corrosion rate of the embedded metal material from the measurement results of the AC impedance method. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

本発明は、地中に埋設された金属材料の腐食速度を導出する技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a technique for deriving the corrosion rate of a metal material embedded in the ground.

我々の生活を支えるインフラ構造物の中で水道及びガスのパイプライン、電力用ケーブル管路、地下タンク、鋼管柱、支線アンカ等、地中に埋設し使用される鋼材をはじめとする金属材料は極めて多く存在する。地中に埋設されるこれら構造物は土壌腐食により劣化し、設備の寿命短縮により故障等を生じる(非特許文献1)。したがって、これらインフラ構造物の高い信頼性及び安全性を担保するために、適切な更改が不可欠である。   Among the infrastructure structures that support our lives, metal materials such as water and gas pipelines, power cable pipelines, underground tanks, steel pipe columns, branch anchors, and other steel materials that are buried and used underground There are many. These structures buried in the ground deteriorate due to soil corrosion and cause a failure or the like by shortening the life of the equipment (Non-patent Document 1). Therefore, appropriate renewal is indispensable to ensure high reliability and safety of these infrastructure structures.

更改時期を判断する方法としては主に点検による方法がある。設備地上部では人または機械による直接的な点検が可能であるが、地中部では直接的な点検が困難である場合が多い。したがって、現行設備の保守・点検は地上部及び地際部のみ実施され、地中部の劣化度はほとんど確認されていない。   As a method of judging the renewal timing, there is mainly a method by inspection. Although direct inspection by humans or machines is possible in the ground part of the facility, direct inspection is often difficult in the underground part. Therefore, maintenance / inspection of the current equipment is carried out only on the ground and on the ground, and the degree of deterioration in the underground is hardly confirmed.

土壌腐食による劣化の評価が困難な設備地中部の安全・安心を担保しつつコストを最小限に抑えるには、地中部の腐食状態を予測・推定し更改優先順位を付与することで計画的に対処を行うプロアクティブなマネジメントが有効である。地中埋設された金属材料の腐食状態を予測・推定するためには、埋設環境下における土壌腐食による金属材料の腐食速度を評価する手法が効果的である。的確な腐食速度を評価するため、金属表面で生じる電気化学反応に着目し、電気化学的手法を用いることが有効である(非特許文献2)。   In order to minimize the cost while ensuring the safety and security of underground facilities where deterioration due to soil corrosion is difficult to evaluate, systematically predict and estimate the corrosion status of the underground and give priority to renewal. Proactive management to deal with is effective. In order to predict and estimate the corrosion state of metal materials buried underground, it is effective to evaluate the corrosion rate of metal materials due to soil corrosion in the buried environment. In order to evaluate an accurate corrosion rate, it is effective to use an electrochemical method by paying attention to an electrochemical reaction occurring on the metal surface (Non-patent Document 2).

門井 守夫、高橋 紹明、矢野 浩太郎、“金属材料の土壌腐食についての研究(第1報)”、防蝕技術、1967年、Vol. 16、No. 6、pp. 10-18Morio Kadoi, Shoaki Takahashi, Kotaro Yano, “Studies on Soil Corrosion of Metallic Materials (1st Report)”, Corrosion Protection Technology, 1967, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 10-18 宮田 義一、朝倉 祝治、“電気化学的手法を中心とした土壌腐食計測(その1)”、材料と環境、1997年、Vol. 46、No. 9、pp. 541-551Yoshikazu Miyata, Keiji Asakura, “Measurement of Soil Corrosion Focusing on Electrochemical Method (Part 1)”, Materials and Environment, 1997, Vol. 46, No. 9, pp. 541-551 西方 篤、“腐食系のインピーダンス特性と腐食モニタリング”、材料と環境、1999年、Vol. 48、No. 11、pp. 686-692Atsushi Nishikata, “Impedance Characteristics and Corrosion Monitoring of Corrosion Systems”, Materials and Environment, 1999, Vol. 48, No. 11, pp. 686-692 山本 悟、竹子 賢士郎、高谷 哲、“コンクリート中鋼材の腐食速度測定方法(CIPE法)の開発”、さび、日本防蝕工業株式会社、平成27年1月、第148号、pp. 2-8Satoru Yamamoto, Kenjiro Takeko, Satoshi Takaya, “Development of corrosion rate measurement method (CIPE method) for steel in concrete”, Rust, Nippon Corrosion Industry Co., Ltd., January 2015, No. 148, pp. 2-8

金属材料の腐食速度の評価には、分極抵抗の測定がよく用いられる。分極抵抗は、交流インピーダンス法を用いて測定することが可能であるものの、得られたデータの解釈が困難である。そのため、腐食反応表面を電気的な等価回路に置き換えることで、腐食反応に由来する分極抵抗成分を抽出しその値を決定することが多くなされている。最も単純な系として水溶液中の腐食反応を説明可能な等価回路が一般的に知られている(非特許文献3)。しかしながら、土壌腐食反応をよく説明可能な等価回路は示されておらず、土壌埋設された金属材料の分極抵抗を測定し腐食速度を評価する方法及び装置は実用化されていない。   Measurement of polarization resistance is often used to evaluate the corrosion rate of metallic materials. Although the polarization resistance can be measured using the AC impedance method, it is difficult to interpret the obtained data. Therefore, by replacing the corrosion reaction surface with an electrical equivalent circuit, the polarization resistance component derived from the corrosion reaction is extracted and its value is often determined. An equivalent circuit that can explain a corrosion reaction in an aqueous solution is generally known as the simplest system (Non-patent Document 3). However, an equivalent circuit capable of well explaining the soil corrosion reaction is not shown, and a method and apparatus for measuring the polarization resistance of a metal material embedded in the soil and evaluating the corrosion rate have not been put into practical use.

本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであり、土壌埋設された金属材料の腐食速度をより正確に評価することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to more accurately evaluate the corrosion rate of a metal material embedded in soil.

第1の本発明に係る土壌腐食速度測定装置は、土壌埋設された金属材料に対して交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施するインピーダンス測定手段と、前記インピーダンス測定手段による測定で得られた測定結果から分極抵抗を算出する分極抵抗算出手段と、前記分極抵抗から腐食速度を導出する腐食速度導出手段と、を有し、前記分極抵抗算出手段は、前記インピーダンス測定手段による測定で得られたNyquist線図(ナイキスト線図)に現れた2つの円弧のうち、低周波領域に現れた第二円弧の開始点から終着点までのインピーダンスの実部の値を分極抵抗として算出することを特徴とする。   A soil corrosion rate measuring apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention is an impedance measuring unit that performs measurement by an AC impedance method on a metal material embedded in soil, and polarization from a measurement result obtained by the measurement by the impedance measuring unit. A polarization resistance calculating means for calculating resistance, and a corrosion rate deriving means for deriving a corrosion rate from the polarization resistance, wherein the polarization resistance calculating means is a Nyquist diagram obtained by measurement by the impedance measuring means ( Of the two arcs appearing in the Nyquist diagram), the value of the real part of the impedance from the start point to the end point of the second arc appearing in the low frequency region is calculated as the polarization resistance.

第2の本発明に係る土壌腐食速度測定方法は、土壌埋設された金属材料に対して交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施するステップと、前記測定で得られた測定結果から分極抵抗を算出するステップと、前記分極抵抗から腐食速度を導出するステップと、を有し、前記分極抵抗を算出するステップは、前記測定で得られたナイキスト線図に現れた2つの円弧のうち、低周波領域に現れた第二円弧の開始点から終着点までのインピーダンスの実部の値を分極抵抗として算出することを特徴とする。   The soil corrosion rate measuring method according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a step of performing measurement by an alternating current impedance method on a metal material embedded in soil, and a step of calculating polarization resistance from a measurement result obtained by the measurement. A step of deriving a corrosion rate from the polarization resistance, and the step of calculating the polarization resistance appears in a low frequency region of two arcs appearing in the Nyquist diagram obtained by the measurement. The value of the real part of the impedance from the start point to the end point of the second arc is calculated as a polarization resistance.

本発明によれば、土壌埋設された金属材料の腐食速度をより正確に評価することができる。   According to the present invention, the corrosion rate of a metal material embedded in soil can be more accurately evaluated.

本実施形態の土壌腐食速度測定装置の構成を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the soil corrosion rate measuring apparatus of this embodiment. 理想的な赤土に埋設された金属材料に対して交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施して得られたナイキスト線図である。It is the Nyquist diagram obtained by implementing the measurement by the alternating current impedance method with respect to the metal material embed | buried in ideal red soil. 本実施形態の土壌腐食速度測定装置の処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the soil corrosion rate measuring apparatus of this embodiment. 土壌の導電性部を記述する等価回路である。It is an equivalent circuit describing the conductive part of the soil. 土壌の非導電性部を記述する等価回路である。It is an equivalent circuit describing a non-conductive part of soil. 土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路を示す。An equivalent circuit that can well explain the soil corrosion reaction is shown. 異なる溶液抵抗条件で交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施して得られたナイキスト線図である。It is the Nyquist diagram obtained by implementing the measurement by an alternating current impedance method on different solution resistance conditions. 図7Aの高周波領域を拡大した図である。It is the figure which expanded the high frequency area | region of FIG. 7A.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を用いて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図1は、本実施形態の土壌腐食速度測定装置の構成を示す機能ブロック図である。同図に示す土壌腐食速度測定装置1は、インピーダンス測定部10、分極抵抗算出部20、及び腐食速度導出部30を備える。土壌腐食速度測定装置1は、埋設された金属材料に対し交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施し、測定結果から分極抵抗を算出し、分極抵抗から金属材料の腐食速度を導出する。本実施形態では、分極抵抗の算出過程において、土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路に基づく考え方を用いることで、金属材料の腐食速度を電気化学的に導出することを可能とした。土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路については後述する。   FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the soil corrosion rate measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment. The soil corrosion rate measuring apparatus 1 shown in the figure includes an impedance measuring unit 10, a polarization resistance calculating unit 20, and a corrosion rate deriving unit 30. The soil corrosion rate measuring device 1 performs measurement by the AC impedance method on the embedded metal material, calculates the polarization resistance from the measurement result, and derives the corrosion rate of the metal material from the polarization resistance. In the present embodiment, the corrosion rate of the metal material can be derived electrochemically by using an idea based on an equivalent circuit that can well explain the soil corrosion reaction in the calculation process of the polarization resistance. An equivalent circuit that can explain the soil corrosion reaction well will be described later.

インピーダンス測定部10は、埋設された金属材料に対し交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施する。例えば、白金対極11、作用電極(分極抵抗を求めたい金属サンプル)12、及び参照電極13を用いた三電極法により実施する。これらの電極は、土壌100に埋設した状態で測定を実施する。   The impedance measuring unit 10 performs measurement by the AC impedance method on the embedded metal material. For example, a three-electrode method using a platinum counter electrode 11, a working electrode (metal sample whose polarization resistance is desired to be obtained) 12, and a reference electrode 13 is used. These electrodes are measured while being embedded in the soil 100.

腐食速度を導出するにあたって、腐食速度の導出を希望する金属材料が埋設された現地で交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施しても良いし、現地の土壌を採取し構築した模擬環境下で測定を実施しても良い。実際に現地に赴くことが困難であれば、類似の成分を含有し、類似の物理量を示し、類似の土性区分(土壌粒径分布)を示す、類似の土を用いることが好ましい。特定の場所に限定せず、ある地域に埋設された金属材料の腐食速度を知りたい場合、その地域の代表的な土壌、もしくは国土地理院等が発行する土壌マップに記載された土壌を用いる。例えば、関東であれば関東ロームを採用してもよい。   When deriving the corrosion rate, measurement using the AC impedance method may be performed at the site where the metal material for which the corrosion rate is desired is embedded, or measurement is performed in a simulated environment where local soil is collected and constructed. You may do it. If it is actually difficult to reach the site, it is preferable to use similar soil that contains similar components, exhibits similar physical quantities, and exhibits similar soil classification (soil particle size distribution). If you want to know the corrosion rate of a metal material buried in a certain area without being limited to a specific place, use the representative soil in that area or the soil described in the soil map issued by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan. For example, Kanto Loam may be adopted in the Kanto region.

分極抵抗算出部20は、土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路に基づき、インピーダンス測定部10による測定で得られたナイキスト線図から分極抵抗を算出する。   The polarization resistance calculation unit 20 calculates the polarization resistance from the Nyquist diagram obtained by the measurement by the impedance measurement unit 10 based on an equivalent circuit that can well explain the soil corrosion reaction.

図2に、理想的な赤土に埋設された金属材料に対して交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施して得られたナイキスト線図を示す。同図に示すように、高周波領域と低周波領域のそれぞれに円弧が確認された。ここで、高周波領域の円弧を第一円弧、低周波領域の円弧を第二円弧とする。分極抵抗算出部20は、後述の等価回路に基づき、第一円弧の開始点から終着点までの横軸の値(インピーダンスの実部)を土壌間隙中の溶液抵抗Rsであるとし、第二円弧の開始点から終着点までの横軸の値を分極抵抗Rpであるとして、第二円弧から分極抵抗Rpを算出する。インピーダンス測定部10による測定は、第二円弧から分極抵抗Rpが算出可能な周波数範囲で実施する。例えば、第二円弧の約50%(約0.1Hz)まで測定を行い、カーブフィッティングすることで分極抵抗Rpを算出しても良い。   FIG. 2 shows a Nyquist diagram obtained by carrying out a measurement by an AC impedance method on a metal material embedded in an ideal red soil. As shown in the figure, circular arcs were confirmed in each of the high frequency region and the low frequency region. Here, the arc in the high frequency region is defined as the first arc, and the arc in the low frequency region is defined as the second arc. The polarization resistance calculation unit 20 assumes that the value of the horizontal axis (the real part of the impedance) from the start point to the end point of the first arc is the solution resistance Rs in the soil gap, based on the equivalent circuit described later, and the second arc. The polarization resistance Rp is calculated from the second arc, assuming that the value of the horizontal axis from the start point to the end point is the polarization resistance Rp. The measurement by the impedance measuring unit 10 is performed in a frequency range in which the polarization resistance Rp can be calculated from the second arc. For example, the polarization resistance Rp may be calculated by measuring up to about 50% (about 0.1 Hz) of the second arc and performing curve fitting.

分極抵抗算出部20で算出される分極抵抗Rpの値は[Ω・cm2]であるため、作用電極12の電極面積を予め把握している必要がある。 Since the value of the polarization resistance Rp calculated by the polarization resistance calculation unit 20 is [Ω · cm 2 ], it is necessary to grasp the electrode area of the working electrode 12 in advance.

腐食速度導出部30は、分極抵抗算出部20で取得した分極抵抗Rpを用いて腐食速度rを導出する。具体的には、以下のように腐食速度rを導出する。   The corrosion rate deriving unit 30 derives the corrosion rate r using the polarization resistance Rp acquired by the polarization resistance calculating unit 20. Specifically, the corrosion rate r is derived as follows.

分極抵抗Rpから次式(1)に基づいて腐食電流密度icorrを計算する。 The corrosion current density i corr is calculated from the polarization resistance Rp based on the following equation (1).

Figure 2018205125
Figure 2018205125

ここで、icorrは、腐食電流密度[A/cm2]、Kは換算係数[V]、Rpは分極抵抗[Ω・cm2]である。換算係数Kは予め求めておく。換算係数Kは、アノード及びカソード分極曲線からターフェル勾配を導いて次式(2)に基づいて計算する(非特許文献4参照)。 Here, i corr is a corrosion current density [A / cm 2 ], K is a conversion coefficient [V], and Rp is a polarization resistance [Ω · cm 2 ]. The conversion coefficient K is obtained in advance. The conversion coefficient K is calculated based on the following equation (2) by deriving a Tafel gradient from the anode and cathode polarization curves (see Non-Patent Document 4).

Figure 2018205125
Figure 2018205125

ここで、βaはアノード勾配[V/decade]、βcはカソード勾配[V/decade]である。   Here, βa is an anode gradient [V / decade], and βc is a cathode gradient [V / decade].

もしくは、ターフェル勾配測定することなく、βa=βc=0.1[V/decade]と仮定し、換算係数Kを算出してもよい。   Alternatively, the conversion coefficient K may be calculated on the assumption that βa = βc = 0.1 [V / decade] without measuring the Tafel gradient.

そして、次式(3)に基づいて腐食速度rを導出する。   And the corrosion rate r is derived | led-out based on following Formula (3).

Figure 2018205125
Figure 2018205125

ここで、rは腐食速度[cm/sec]、zはイオン価数、ρは密度[g/cm2]、Fはファラデー定数[C]、Mは原子量[g/mol]である。 Here, r is the corrosion rate [cm / sec], z is the ionic valence, ρ is the density [g / cm 2 ], F is the Faraday constant [C], and M is the atomic weight [g / mol].

図3は、本実施形態の土壌腐食速度測定装置の処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。   FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the soil corrosion rate measuring apparatus of the present embodiment.

インピーダンス測定部10が埋設された金属材料に対し交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施し(ステップS101)、分極抵抗算出部20が土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路に基づき、ステップS101で得られたナイキスト線図の第二円弧から分極抵抗Rpを算出し(ステップS102)、腐食速度導出部30がステップS102で算出した分極抵抗Rpを用いて腐食速度rを導出する(ステップS103)。   The impedance measurement unit 10 performs measurement by the AC impedance method on the metal material embedded (step S101), and the polarization resistance calculation unit 20 is obtained in step S101 based on an equivalent circuit that can well explain the soil corrosion reaction. The polarization resistance Rp is calculated from the second arc of the Nyquist diagram (step S102), and the corrosion rate deriving unit 30 derives the corrosion rate r using the polarization resistance Rp calculated in step S102 (step S103).

次に、本実施形態で用いる土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路について説明する。   Next, an equivalent circuit capable of well explaining the soil corrosion reaction used in the present embodiment will be described.

交流インピーダンス法で得られたデータを解釈するためには、腐食反応表面を電気的な等価回路に置き換えて解析する必要がある。   In order to interpret the data obtained by the AC impedance method, it is necessary to replace the corrosion reaction surface with an electrical equivalent circuit for analysis.

地中は、空気から成る気相、水溶液から成る液相、及び土壌から成る固相の三相が共存する環境であるとする。地中埋設された金属表面を考えると、気相、液相、及び固相と接する界面がそれぞれ存在する。これらのうち、土壌腐食は、水溶液と接する界面で発生する。一方、空気及び土壌と接する界面では土壌腐食は発生しない。   The ground is assumed to be an environment in which three phases of a gas phase composed of air, a liquid phase composed of an aqueous solution, and a solid phase composed of soil coexist. Considering the metal surface buried in the ground, there are a gas phase, a liquid phase, and an interface in contact with the solid phase. Of these, soil corrosion occurs at the interface in contact with the aqueous solution. On the other hand, soil corrosion does not occur at the interface in contact with air and soil.

腐食が発生する水溶液との界面を導電性部とし、腐食が発生しない空気及び土壌との界面を非導電性部とする。   The interface with the aqueous solution in which corrosion occurs is defined as a conductive part, and the interface with air and soil where corrosion does not occur is defined as a non-conductive part.

導電性部を記述する等価回路は、水溶液中の腐食反応を考慮することで達成される。図4に、導電性部を記述する等価回路(Randles cell model)を示す。図4に示す導電性部の等価回路は、一つの溶液抵抗Rsに電気二重層容量Cdlと分極抵抗Rpの並列回路を直列につないだ回路である。このときの交流インピーダンス法の測定結果(Nyquist線図)は、一つの半円を示すことが知られている(非特許文献3参照)。原点から円弧の開始点までの横軸の値が溶液抵抗Rsに相当し、円弧の開始点から終着点までの横軸の値が分極抵抗Rpに相当する。   An equivalent circuit describing the conductive part is achieved by considering the corrosion reaction in aqueous solution. FIG. 4 shows an equivalent circuit (Randles cell model) describing the conductive portion. The equivalent circuit of the conductive portion shown in FIG. 4 is a circuit in which a parallel circuit of an electric double layer capacitance Cdl and a polarization resistance Rp is connected in series to one solution resistance Rs. It is known that the measurement result (Nyquist diagram) of the AC impedance method at this time shows one semicircle (see Non-Patent Document 3). The value on the horizontal axis from the origin to the start point of the arc corresponds to the solution resistance Rs, and the value on the horizontal axis from the start point to the end point of the arc corresponds to the polarization resistance Rp.

非導電性部を記述する等価回路は、コンデンサ容量で記述可能であるとした。図5に、非導電性部を記述する等価回路を示す。   The equivalent circuit describing the non-conductive portion can be described by the capacitor capacity. FIG. 5 shows an equivalent circuit describing a non-conductive portion.

土壌埋設された金属表面は、導電性部及び非導電性部がランダムに配置された状況であると考えられる。本実施形態では、導電性部及び非導電性部を明確に分離することで、土壌腐食を良く説明可能な等価回路を考案した。すなわち、導電性部を記述する等価回路と非導電性部を記述する等価回路を並列につなぐことで単純化した等価回路において、土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能である。   It is considered that the metal surface embedded in the soil is in a state where conductive portions and non-conductive portions are randomly arranged. In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit which can explain soil corrosion well was devised by clearly separating the conductive part and the non-conductive part. That is, the soil corrosion reaction can be well explained in an equivalent circuit simplified by connecting an equivalent circuit describing a conductive part and an equivalent circuit describing a non-conductive part in parallel.

図6に、土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路を示す。同図に示す等価回路は、導電性部を記述する等価回路、すなわち1つの土壌粒子間隙中の溶液抵抗Rsに電気二重層容量Cdlと分極抵抗Rpの並列回路を直列につないだ回路と、非導電性部を記述する等価回路、すなわち土壌・水・空気のコンデンサ容量Csとを、並列につないだ等価回路である。   FIG. 6 shows an equivalent circuit that can well explain the soil corrosion reaction. The equivalent circuit shown in the figure is an equivalent circuit describing a conductive part, that is, a circuit in which a parallel circuit of an electric double layer capacitance Cdl and a polarization resistance Rp is connected in series to a solution resistance Rs in one soil particle gap, It is an equivalent circuit describing a conductive part, that is, an equivalent circuit in which a capacitor capacitance Cs of soil, water, and air is connected in parallel.

この等価回路について、土壌粒子間隙中の溶液抵抗Rsを変化させることで妥当性を検討した。本検討における測定は三電極法で行い、土壌は赤土を用いた。土壌粒子間隙中の溶液抵抗Rsは塩化ナトリウムにより変化させた。   The validity of this equivalent circuit was examined by changing the solution resistance Rs in the soil particle gap. The measurement in this study was performed by the three-electrode method, and the soil was red. The solution resistance Rs in the soil particle gap was changed with sodium chloride.

図7Aは、異なる溶液抵抗条件で交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施して得られたナイキスト線図である。図7Bは、図7Aの高周波領域を拡大した図である。   FIG. 7A is a Nyquist diagram obtained by performing measurement by the AC impedance method under different solution resistance conditions. FIG. 7B is an enlarged view of the high frequency region of FIG. 7A.

溶液抵抗Rsが低い条件(3%NaCl)では、ほとんどの電流が図6の等価回路の導電性部(1つの土壌粒子間隙中の溶液抵抗Rsに電気二重層容量Cdlと分極抵抗Rpの並列回路を直列につないだ回路)を辿るため、水溶液中の腐食反応表面における等価回路とほぼ等しくなり、ナイキスト線図には1つの円弧が明確に現れた。   Under the condition that the solution resistance Rs is low (3% NaCl), most of the current flows in the conductive part of the equivalent circuit of FIG. 6 (the parallel circuit of the electric resistance Rs in the gap between one soil particle and the electric double layer capacitance Cdl and the polarization resistance Rp). In the Nyquist diagram, a single arc appears clearly, which is almost the same as the equivalent circuit on the corrosion reaction surface in aqueous solution.

溶液抵抗Rsが高くなるにつれて(1%NaCl、0.5%NaCl)、一部の電流が図6の等価回路の非導電性部(土壌・水・空気のコンデンサ容量Cs)を辿るため、図7Bから分かるように、より高周波領域にもう1つの円弧が現れ始めた。   As the solution resistance Rs increases (1% NaCl, 0.5% NaCl), a part of the current follows the non-conductive portion (capacitance Cs of soil / water / air) of the equivalent circuit of FIG. As can be seen from 7B, another arc began to appear in the higher frequency region.

溶液抵抗が最も高い条件(0.1%NaCl)では、最終的に第一円弧及び第二円弧から成る2つの円弧が現れた。   Under the condition with the highest solution resistance (0.1% NaCl), two arcs consisting of a first arc and a second arc finally appeared.

以上の結果から、図6の等価回路は土壌腐食反応をよく説明可能であることを確認した。   From the above results, it was confirmed that the equivalent circuit of FIG. 6 can well explain the soil corrosion reaction.

溶液抵抗が低い条件で明確に現れた円弧は第二円弧に相当し、溶液抵抗の上昇に伴い高周波領域に出現した円弧は第一円弧に相当する。埋設された金属材料に対し交流インピーダンス法による測定を行い、得られたナイキスト線図から分極抵抗Rpを算出するためには、第二円弧の開始点から終着点までの横軸の値を算出することで達成される。   An arc that clearly appears under conditions where the solution resistance is low corresponds to the second arc, and an arc that appears in the high-frequency region as the solution resistance increases corresponds to the first arc. To measure the embedded metal material by the AC impedance method and calculate the polarization resistance Rp from the obtained Nyquist diagram, the horizontal axis value from the start point to the end point of the second arc is calculated. Is achieved.

以上説明したように、本実施の形態によれば、一般的に知られる水溶液中の腐食反応を説明可能な等価回路では解釈が困難な土壌埋設された金属材料に対して、土壌腐食反応を良く説明可能な等価回路に基づいて、交流インピーダンス法による測定で得られたナイキスト線図から分極抵抗Rpを算出し、算出した分極抵抗Rpを用いて腐食速度を導出することにより、交流インピーダンス法の測定結果から土壌埋設された金属材料の腐食速度をより正確に評価することが可能となる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the soil corrosion reaction with respect to a metal material embedded in soil that is difficult to interpret with an equivalent circuit that can explain the corrosion reaction in an aqueous solution. Based on the equivalent circuit that can be explained, the polarization resistance Rp is calculated from the Nyquist diagram obtained by the measurement by the AC impedance method, and the corrosion rate is derived using the calculated polarization resistance Rp, so that the AC impedance method is measured. From the results, it becomes possible to more accurately evaluate the corrosion rate of the metal material embedded in the soil.

1…土壌腐食速度測定装置
10…インピーダンス測定部
11…白金対極
12…作用電極
13…参照電極
20…分極抵抗算出部
30…腐食速度導出部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Soil corrosion rate measuring apparatus 10 ... Impedance measuring part 11 ... Platinum counter electrode 12 ... Working electrode 13 ... Reference electrode 20 ... Polarization resistance calculation part 30 ... Corrosion rate deriving part

Claims (4)

土壌埋設された金属材料に対して交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施するインピーダンス測定手段と、
前記インピーダンス測定手段による測定で得られた測定結果から分極抵抗を算出する分極抵抗算出手段と、
前記分極抵抗から腐食速度を導出する腐食速度導出手段と、を有し、
前記分極抵抗算出手段は、前記インピーダンス測定手段による測定で得られたナイキスト線図に現れた2つの円弧のうち、低周波領域に現れた第二円弧の開始点から終着点までのインピーダンスの実部の値を分極抵抗として算出することを特徴とする土壌腐食速度測定装置。
Impedance measuring means for carrying out measurement by AC impedance method on metal material embedded in soil;
Polarization resistance calculating means for calculating polarization resistance from the measurement result obtained by the measurement by the impedance measuring means;
Corrosion rate deriving means for deriving the corrosion rate from the polarization resistance,
The polarization resistance calculating means is the real part of the impedance from the start point to the end point of the second arc appearing in the low frequency region among the two arcs appearing in the Nyquist diagram obtained by the measurement by the impedance measuring means. A soil corrosion rate measuring device, wherein the value of is calculated as polarization resistance.
前記インピーダンス測定手段は、前記第二円弧から前記分極抵抗が算出可能な周波数の範囲で測定を実施することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の土壌腐食速度測定装置。   2. The soil corrosion rate measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the impedance measuring unit performs measurement in a frequency range in which the polarization resistance can be calculated from the second arc. 土壌埋設された金属材料に対して交流インピーダンス法による測定を実施するステップと、
前記測定で得られた測定結果から分極抵抗を算出するステップと、
前記分極抵抗から腐食速度を導出するステップと、を有し、
前記分極抵抗を算出するステップは、前記測定で得られたナイキスト線図に現れた2つの円弧のうち、低周波領域に現れた第二円弧の開始点から終着点までのインピーダンスの実部の値を分極抵抗として算出することを特徴とする土壌腐食速度測定方法。
A step of performing an AC impedance measurement on a metal material embedded in soil;
Calculating a polarization resistance from the measurement result obtained by the measurement,
Deriving a corrosion rate from the polarization resistance,
The step of calculating the polarization resistance is a value of a real part of the impedance from the start point to the end point of the second arc appearing in the low frequency region among the two arcs appearing in the Nyquist diagram obtained by the measurement. A soil corrosion rate measuring method, characterized in that is calculated as a polarization resistance.
前記測定を実施するステップは、前記第二円弧から前記分極抵抗が算出可能な周波数の範囲で測定を実施することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の土壌腐食速度測定方法。   The soil corrosion rate measuring method according to claim 3, wherein the step of performing the measurement performs the measurement within a frequency range in which the polarization resistance can be calculated from the second arc.
JP2017110926A 2017-06-05 2017-06-05 Method and device for measuring soil corrosion speed Pending JP2018205125A (en)

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