JP2018135710A - Foundation, method for constructing foundation, method for inspecting foundation, method for managing location information of architectural structure, and various jigs used for the methods - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a foundation capable of measuring the amount of subsidence from the outside with high accuracy, a method of constructing a foundation, a method of inspecting a foundation after construction, a method of managing position information of a building, and various jigs for use in these methods. provide. SOLUTION: The foundation construction method of the present invention includes a step of acquiring three-dimensional coordinate data of land, and a tertiary of an outer formwork using a formwork corner inspection jig and a formwork straight portion inspection jig. The step of acquiring the original coordinate data, the step of comparing the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land with the three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer formwork, and adjusting the position of the outer formwork as necessary, and the step of placing concrete. At least includes a step of forming the bottom plate. [Selection diagram] Fig. 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a foundation capable of measuring the amount of settlement from outside with high accuracy, a foundation construction method, a foundation inspection method after construction, a building location information management method, and various jigs for use in these methods. About.

Building foundations (solid foundations, fabric foundations) such as ordinary houses form a bottom panel (pressure-resistant panel) by placing concrete with the outer formwork assembled, and then the inner formwork In many cases, the rising portion is formed by placing concrete between the outer mold and the inner mold.
In order to increase the accuracy of the foundation, it is preferable to assemble the formwork with high accuracy and appropriately inspect various dimensions such as the diagonal and side length of the foundation under construction.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a building foundation inspection jig that is used by being attached to an anchor bolt embedded in the top surface of the foundation.

In addition, along with the enforcement of the “Law for Promotion of the Spread of Long-Term Excellent Houses”, it is necessary to check whether there are any problems such as misalignment of buildings due to unsettled foundations, etc. There is a need for a mechanism for repairs depending on the situation.
For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a system for creating a diagnosis table for presenting a customer with the results of a deterioration diagnosis of a foundation, a frame, a wall surface, a roof, and other external parts of a house.

JP 2000-73574 A Japanese Patent No. 4498535

However, the jig of Patent Document 1 is used only for measuring various basic dimensions after forming the rising portion, and cannot be used for the purpose of assembling the mold with high accuracy.
Moreover, this jig cannot be used for the purpose of checking the presence or absence of defects such as misalignment of a building over a long period after construction.
Since the system of Patent Document 2 determines the degree of deterioration of the foundation of a house based on image data, hammering data, and the like, the accuracy of the foundation under construction cannot be inspected.
Also, with this system, it is hard to reliably detect misalignment of buildings of several millimeters.

  In view of such a problem, the present invention is a foundation capable of measuring the amount of settlement from outside with high accuracy, a foundation construction method, a foundation inspection method after construction, a building location information management method, and used in these methods. It is an object to provide various jigs for the purpose.

The mold corner inspection jig of the present invention is a mold corner inspection jig used for two outer molds for forming a corner portion of a foundation. It comprises a vertical plane, a horizontal plane that supports the vertical plane, and a corner measurement point that is attached to a surface of the horizontal plane where the two vertical planes are orthogonal to each other.
The mold straight portion inspection jig of the present invention is a mold straight portion inspection jig used for an outer mold for forming a foundation straight portion. And a measurement point for a straight part that is attached to the surface of the horizontal plane and above the vertical plane.

The foundation corner part position inspection jig of the present invention is a foundation corner part position inspection jig used for the corner part of the foundation, by placing concrete in a state of being attached to the outer formwork. An insert embedded in the foundation, two vertical surfaces orthogonal to each other in plan view, and a measurement point for a corner portion of the foundation that is attached to a bent portion of the outer surface of the two vertical surfaces. It is characterized by being fixed using the said insert in the foundation corner part of the state made.
The foundation straight portion position inspection jig of the present invention is a foundation straight portion position inspection jig used for a foundation straight portion, in which concrete is placed in a state of being attached to an outer mold. An insert embedded in a foundation, one vertical surface, and a measurement point for a foundation straight portion attached to the outer surface of the vertical surface, in the foundation straight portion in a state where the outer formwork is removed It is fixed using an insert.
The outer formwork of the present invention is provided with a through hole for attaching the insert, and the insert is held by a bolt inserted into the through hole.
The foundation of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned foundation corner part position inspection jig and the above-mentioned foundation straight part position inspection jig.

The foundation construction method according to the present invention includes a step of obtaining three-dimensional coordinate data of land, and a three-dimensional outer mold using the above-mentioned formwork corner part inspection jig and the above-mentioned formwork straight part inspection jig. Obtaining coordinate data; comparing the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land with the three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer formwork; adjusting the position of the outer formwork as necessary; and placing concrete And a step of forming a bottom board.
The basic inspection method according to the present invention includes a step of acquiring three-dimensional coordinate data of land, and the basic three-dimensional coordinate data using the basic corner portion position inspection jig and the basic straight portion position inspection jig. And obtaining at least a step of comparing the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land with the basic three-dimensional coordinate data.
The building location information management method of the present invention is characterized in that the basic inspection method is performed every predetermined period.

  According to the formwork corner inspection jig and formwork straight part inspection jig of the present invention, accurately measure the position of the corner part and the straight part of the outer formwork before the concrete is placed, The formwork can be assembled with high accuracy by modifying as necessary. In addition, since the measurement point for the corner and the measurement point for the straight portion can be positioned simply by bringing the vertical surface into close contact with the inner surface of the outer mold, the measurement point for the corner portion and the measurement point for the straight portion can be positioned. It is possible to solve various problems caused by the difficulty of setting and measuring points, and to greatly shorten the inspection time of the mold.

According to the basic corner portion position inspection jig and the basic straight portion position inspection jig of the present invention, the positions of the corner and straight portions of the foundation can be accurately measured.
Since the said insert can be hold | maintained with a volt | bolt using the through-hole with which the outer side formwork of this invention is provided, an insert can be embed | buried in a foundation by placing concrete in this state. If this insert is used, the basic corner portion position inspection jig and the basic straight portion position inspection jig can be attached.
According to the construction method of the foundation of the present invention, the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer mold can be compared, and the position of the outer mold can be adjusted as necessary. Assembling can be performed with high accuracy, and the accuracy of assembling the outer mold is high, so that the accuracy of the bottom plate and the outer mold can also be increased.
According to the foundation of the present invention, the inspection method of the foundation and the positional information management method of the building of the present invention, it is possible to update the building positional information periodically over a long period of time so that the amount of settlement from the outside can be measured. It becomes possible.

Plan view (a) and side view (b) of jig for corner inspection of formwork Plan view showing a state in which the mold corner inspection jig is used for the outer mold Plan view (a) and side view (b) of jig for inspection of formwork straight section Plan view showing a state where the jig for inspecting the mold form straight part is used for the outside form frame Top view (a) and side view (b) of jig for position inspection of basic corner Longitudinal sectional view (a) showing the state where the insert is attached to the outer formwork and the concrete is placed, and longitudinal sectional view (b) showing the state where the concrete is placed by providing the inner formwork Plan view (a), longitudinal section (b), plan view (c) and longitudinal section (d) of a solid foundation showing the mounting position of the insert Side view showing a state in which the foundation corner position inspection jig is attached to the foundation corner section Plan view (a) and side view (b) showing the spacer Plan view (a) and side view (b) of jig for position inspection of basic straight section Longitudinal sectional view showing the basic straight part position inspection jig attached to the basic straight part Schematic diagram showing a state where multiple positioning devices and servers are connected via the Internet

An embodiment of a mold corner inspection jig according to the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the mold corner inspection jig 10 is roughly composed of a vertical surface 11, a horizontal surface 12, and a corner measurement point 13.
The vertical surface 11 is a plane extending in the vertical direction, and the two vertical surfaces 11 are orthogonal to each other when viewed in plan. In the present embodiment, a part of a prism having a square cross section along the horizontal direction is cut out and a pentagon is formed by closing the end surface with a plate member 14, and two orthogonal surfaces are used as the vertical surface 11. However, the invention is not limited to this, and a prism having a triangular cross section, a rectangular cylinder having a rectangular cross section, or the like may be used.
The horizontal surface 12 is attached to the upper ends of the two vertical surfaces 11. In other words, the two vertical surfaces 11 are supported by the horizontal surface 12. In the present embodiment, the horizontal surface 12 is formed of a substantially square plate material, but is not limited thereto, and may be a rectangle or a circle. A handle 15 is attached to the surface of the horizontal plane 12, and the operator carries the mold corner inspection jig 10 by holding the handle 15.

The corner measurement point 13 is attached to the surface of the horizontal plane 12 at a position where the two vertical planes 11 are orthogonal to each other. In the present embodiment, the corner portion measurement points 13 are formed by cutting a corresponding portion of the plate material constituting the horizontal surface 12 into a conical shape. In addition to this, for example, a mark such as a circle or a cross may be printed or a protrusion may be provided as the corner measurement point 13.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the mold corner inspection jig 10 has two vertical surfaces 11 in close contact with the inner surfaces of the two outer molds 102 constituting the corner 101 of the foundation 100. use. When the outer mold 102 is made of a metal having magnetic adhesion properties, such as iron, the vertical surface 11 is made of a magnetic material, or a magnet is embedded in the vertical surface 11 so that the vertical surface can be utilized using magnetic force. 11 can be adhered and held on the inner surface of the outer mold 102. When the outer mold 102 is made of a material having no magnetic adhesion such as a resin, the vertical surface 11 may be bonded to the outer mold 102 using a well-known bonding means such as a double-sided tape.

An embodiment of a jig for inspecting a formwork straight portion of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the mold straight portion inspection jig 20 is generally composed of a vertical surface 21, a horizontal surface 22, and a measurement portion 23 for the straight portion.
The vertical plane 21 is a plane extending in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, one surface of a member having a trapezoidal cross section along the horizontal direction is used as the vertical surface 21. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a rectangular column having a rectangular cross section may be used, or a flat plate may be used as the vertical surface 21 as it is.
The horizontal surface 22 is attached to the upper end of the vertical surface 21. In other words, the vertical surface 21 is supported by the horizontal surface 22. In the present embodiment, the horizontal surface 22 is formed of a substantially square plate material, but is not limited thereto, and may be a rectangle or a circle. A handle 24 is attached to the surface of the horizontal plane 22, and the operator holds the handle 24 and carries the mold straight portion inspection jig 20.

The straight portion measurement point 23 is attached to the surface of the horizontal plane 22 and above the vertical plane 21. In the present embodiment, the straight portion measurement point 23 is formed by cutting out a corresponding portion of the plate material constituting the horizontal surface 22 into a conical shape. Other than this, for example, a mark such as a circle or a cross may be printed or a protrusion may be provided to obtain the straight portion measurement point 23.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the mold straight portion inspection jig 20 is used with the vertical surface 21 in close contact with the inner surface of the outer mold 104 constituting the straight portion 103 of the foundation 100. When the outer mold 104 is made of a metal having magnetic adhesion properties such as iron, the vertical surface 21 is made of a magnetic material, or a magnet is embedded in the vertical surface 21 to make use of the magnetic force. 21 can be adhered and held on the inner surface of the outer mold 104. When the outer mold 104 is made of a material that does not have magnetism such as resin, the vertical surface 21 may be bonded to the outer mold 104 using a well-known bonding means such as a double-sided tape.

An embodiment of a basic corner portion position inspection jig according to the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 (a), the basic corner portion position inspection jig 30 is roughly composed of an insert 31, a vertical surface 32, and a basic corner portion measurement point 33.
The insert 31 is attached to the outer mold 102 of the corner portion 101. Specifically, a through hole 105 is formed at a position below the outer formwork 102 and to be filled with concrete for the bottom board. Then, the bolt 34 is passed from the outer surface of the outer mold 102 to the through hole 105, and the tip of the bolt 34 is inserted into the insert 31 on the inner surface side of the outer mold 102, thereby holding the insert 31 on the inner surface of the outer mold 102. ing. In order to prevent displacement of the outer mold 102, it is preferable to fix the outer mold 102 with a copy 35 or a stopper 36. By placing concrete in this state, the insert 31 is embedded in the foundation (bottom plate 200) (FIGS. 6 and 7 (a) and (b)).
After the bottom plate 200 is formed, the rising portion 301 is formed by assembling the inner mold 300 and placing concrete between the outer mold 102 and the inner mold 300 as shown in FIG. 6 (b).

The vertical plane 32 is a plane extending in the vertical direction, and the two vertical planes 32 are orthogonal when viewed in plan as shown in FIG. 5 (a). In the present embodiment, the two vertical surfaces 32 are formed by bending one plate material at a right angle. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and two plate materials may be joined at a right angle by welding.
The measurement point 33 for the base corner portion is attached to the bent portion of the outer surface of the two vertical surfaces 32. In the present embodiment, the measurement point 33 for the base corner portion is formed by cutting the top surface of the rod-shaped member 33a having a circular cross section into a cross shape. In addition to this, for example, a mark such as a circle or a cross may be printed or a protrusion may be provided at the location, so that the basic corner portion measurement point 33 may be used.

As shown in FIG. 8, the base corner portion position inspection jig 30 is fixed using the insert 31 at the corner portion 101 of the base 100 with the outer mold 102 removed. Specifically, a bolt hole 32a is formed in advance in the vertical surface 32, and the base corner portion position inspection jig 30 is fixed by inserting a bolt into the insert 31 through the bolt hole 32a.
6 and 9, two spacers 37 having the same shape as the vertical surface 32 may be attached to the inner surface of the outer mold 102. If concrete is cast with the spacer 37 attached, and then the spacer 37 is removed from the foundation 100 together with the outer formwork 102, the concave portion having the same shape as the two vertical surfaces 32 is formed on the surface of the foundation 100 by the spacer 37. Can be formed. If the two vertical surfaces 32 are fitted and fixed in the recess, the two vertical surfaces 32 do not protrude from the outer surface of the foundation 100, so that the surface of the foundation 100 can be made smooth.

An embodiment of a basic straight portion position inspection jig of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the foundation straight portion position inspection jig 40 is roughly composed of an insert 41, a vertical surface 42, and a measurement point 43 for the foundation straight portion.
The insert 31 is attached to the outer mold 104 of the straight portion 103 in the same manner as the basic corner portion position inspection jig 30 described above.
The vertical surface 42 is a flat surface extending in the vertical direction and is made of a single plate material.
The measurement point 43 for the base straight part is attached to the outer surface of the vertical surface. In the present embodiment, the measurement point 43 for the base corner portion is formed by cutting the top surface of the rod-shaped member 43a having a circular cross section into a cross shape. In addition to this, for example, a mark such as a circle or a cross may be printed or a protrusion may be provided at the location, and the measurement point 43 for the basic straight portion may be used.
As shown in FIG. 11, the base straight portion position inspection jig 40 is fixed using the insert 41 in the straight portion 103 of the base 100 with the outer mold 104 removed. Specifically, a bolt hole 42a is formed in advance in the vertical surface 42, and the base straight portion position inspection jig 40 is fixed by inserting a bolt into the insert 41 through the bolt hole 42a.

In the same manner as the above-mentioned base corner part position inspection jig 30, concrete is cast with a spacer (not shown) having the same shape as the vertical surface 42 attached to the inner surface of the outer mold 104, and then the outer mold If the spacer is removed from the base 100 together with 104, a recess having the same shape as the vertical surface 42 can be formed on the surface of the base 100 by the spacer. If the vertical surface 42 is fitted and fixed in the recess, the vertical surface 42 does not protrude from the outer surface of the foundation 100, so that the surface of the foundation 100 can be made smooth.
In the above embodiment, the case where the foundation corner portion position inspection jig 30 and the foundation straight portion position inspection jig 40 are applied to a solid foundation has been described, but as shown in FIGS. 7 (c) and (d). It can also be applied to the cloth foundation 400.

An embodiment of the foundation construction method of the present invention will be described.
First, the worker acquires three-dimensional coordinate data of the land (Step 1).
For obtaining the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land, for example, a known positioning device 500 such as a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) or a three-dimensional laser scanner may be used. The three-dimensional coordinate data of the land is stored in the server 502 installed on the Internet 501 as shown in FIG. 12, or stored in the operator's portable information terminal.

Next, the operator uses the mold corner inspection jig 10 and the mold straight section inspection jig 20 to acquire three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer molds 102 and 104 (step 2).
Specifically, the distance between the two corner measurement points 13 located diagonally, the distance between the corner measurement point 13 and the straight measurement point 23, or the corner measurement The three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer molds 102 and 104 is created by measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point 13 and the measurement point 23 for the straight part. The created three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer molds 102 and 104 is also stored in the server 502 or the like.
Next, the operator compares the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land stored in the server 502 or the like with the three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer molds 102 and 104 to determine whether there is any deviation from the design drawing. Such a shift determination may be automatically processed by a computer, and the processing result may be displayed on a portable information terminal or the like.

If there is a deviation, the operator adjusts the positions of the outer molds 102 and 104 (step 3). Thereby, the assembly accuracy of the outer molds 102 and 104 can be remarkably improved.
Then, by placing concrete, the bottom board 200 is formed with the inserts 31 and 41 embedded (step 4), and then the rising portion 301 is formed to complete the construction of the solid foundation 100.
Since the foundation construction method of the present invention can improve the assembly accuracy of the outer molds 102 and 104, the accuracy of the bottom plate 200 and the rising portion 301 can also be increased.
Note that, as shown in FIG. 12, the above-described data may be acquired by using the positioning device 500 at a plurality of construction sites, and collectively managed by one server 502.

An embodiment of the basic inspection method of the present invention will be described.
First, the worker acquires the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land as described above (step 1).
Next, the operator acquires the three-dimensional coordinate data of the foundation 100 using the foundation corner portion position inspection jig 30 and the foundation straight portion position inspection jig 40 (step 2).
Specifically, measure the distance between the two measurement points 33 for the basic corners located diagonally, measure the distance between the measurement point 33 for the basic corners and the measurement point 43 for the basic straight part, The three-dimensional coordinate data of the foundation 100 is created by measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point 33 for the basic corner part and the measurement point 43 for the basic straight part. The created three-dimensional coordinate data of the base 100 is also stored in the server 502 or the like.

Next, the operator compares the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land stored in the server 502 and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the foundation 100 (step 3) to determine whether there is any deviation from the design drawing. . Such a shift determination may be automatically processed by a computer, and the processing result may be displayed on a portable information terminal or the like.
The building location information management method of the present invention is realized by performing the above-mentioned foundation inspection at predetermined intervals, for example, at the time of construction, at the time of new construction, one year later, three years later, five years later, ten years later, etc. The Thereby, for example, it is possible to check whether there is a problem such as a misalignment of the building due to the uneven settlement of the foundation 100 and repair it as necessary.

  Foundations that can measure the amount of subsidence from outside with high accuracy, foundation construction methods, foundation inspection methods after construction, location information management methods for buildings, and various jigs for use in these methods. With the above applicability.

10 Formwork corner inspection jig
11 Vertical plane
12 horizontal plane
13 Corner measurement points
14 Board material
15 Handle
20 Jig for straight inspection of formwork
21 Vertical plane
22 horizontal plane
23 Measuring point for straight section
24 Handle
30 Basic corner position inspection jig
31 Insert
32 Vertical plane
32a bolt hole
33 Measurement points for basic corner
33a Rod-shaped member
34 volts
35 copy
36 Stopper
37 Spacer
40 Basic straight section position inspection jig
41 insert
42 Vertical plane
42a Bolt hole
43 Measuring points for basic straight section
43a Rod-shaped member
100 foundation (solid foundation)
101 Corner section of the foundation
102 Outside formwork
103 Straight section of foundation
104 Outside formwork
105 Through hole
200 Bottom
300 Inside formwork
301 Rising section
400 fabric foundation
500 positioning equipment
501 Internet
502 server

Claims (9)

In the mold corner inspection jig used for the two outer molds to form the corner of the foundation,
Two vertical planes orthogonal to each other in plan view, a horizontal plane that supports the vertical plane, and a corner portion measurement point that is attached to a position that is a surface of the horizontal plane and the two vertical planes are orthogonal to each other. Jig for corner inspection of formwork. In the formwork straight part inspection jig used for the outer formwork to form the straight part of the foundation,
An inspection treatment for a straight part of a formwork, comprising one vertical plane, a horizontal plane that supports the vertical plane, and a measurement point for a straight section that is a surface of the horizontal plane and is attached above the vertical plane. Ingredients. In the foundation corner position inspection jig used for the corner of the foundation,
Inserts embedded in the foundation by placing concrete in the state of being attached to the outer formwork, two vertical surfaces orthogonal to each other in plan view, and a foundation attached to the bent portion of the outer surface of the two vertical surfaces With measurement points for corners,
A foundation corner portion position inspection jig, which is fixed using the insert at a foundation corner portion in a state where the outer mold is removed. In the base straight part position inspection jig used for the base straight part,
It is provided with an insert embedded in the foundation by placing concrete in a state of being attached to the outer formwork, one vertical surface, and a measurement point for the foundation straight portion attached to the outer surface of the vertical surface. And
A foundation straight portion position inspection jig, which is fixed using the insert in a foundation straight portion in a state where the outer mold is removed.   5. An outer formwork comprising a through hole for attaching the insert according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the insert is held by a bolt inserted into the through hole.   5. A foundation comprising the foundation corner portion position inspection jig according to claim 3 and the foundation straight portion position inspection jig according to claim 4. Obtaining three-dimensional coordinate data of the land;
Acquiring the three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer mold using the mold corner inspection jig according to claim 1 and the mold straight section inspection jig according to claim 2,
Comparing the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land with the three-dimensional coordinate data of the outer formwork, and adjusting the position of the outer formwork as necessary;
A foundation construction method comprising at least a step of placing concrete to form a bottom board. Obtaining three-dimensional coordinate data of the land;
Obtaining basic three-dimensional coordinate data using the basic corner portion position inspection jig according to claim 3 and the basic straight portion position inspection jig according to claim 4,
A basic inspection method comprising at least a step of comparing the three-dimensional coordinate data of the land with the basic three-dimensional coordinate data. 9. A location information management method for a building, wherein the foundation inspection method according to claim 8 is performed every predetermined period.

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