JP2018125937A - Power monitoring device and power monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a power monitoring apparatus and a power monitoring system that have high accuracy in calculating power generation efficiency and can reduce the work of calculating power generation efficiency. An input unit (12) for inputting a signal related to power actually generated by a solar power generation device, and a data acquisition unit (11) for acquiring information on solar radiation amount, temperature, and the power generation device. Then, a predicted power generation amount that is predicted based on the amount of solar radiation, temperature, and information on the power generation device acquired by the data acquisition unit (11) is calculated, and a signal related to the actually generated power that is input to the input unit (12) And the power generation efficiency for each time zone is calculated based on the predicted power generation amount in the time zone corresponding to the actually generated power. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present embodiment relates to a power monitoring device and a power monitoring system that calculate power generation efficiency based on the amount of power generated by the power generation device and the predicted power generation amount.

  Power monitoring devices that monitor power are in widespread use. This type of power monitoring apparatus monitors power based on the prediction of power generation.

JP, 2006-116290, A

  As a power generation device, a solar power generation device is widely used. With the recent liberalization of electric power, electric power generated by solar power generation is often bought and sold in the form of an auction. In the solar power generation device, the amount of power generation varies greatly depending on the amount of solar radiation and temperature. However, in order to buy and sell power, it is necessary to accurately predict power generation. In order to predict power generation with high accuracy, it is considered effective to calculate the power generation efficiency from the amount of power actually generated by the power generation device and the predicted power generation amount and analyze the power generation efficiency.

  However, the calculation of the power generation efficiency based on the amount of power actually generated by the solar power generation device and the predicted power generation amount is often performed manually at regular intervals. For this reason, there is a problem in that it is difficult to increase the accuracy of calculation of power generation efficiency, and it takes time to calculate.

  An object of the present embodiment is to provide a power monitoring device and a power monitoring system that have high accuracy in calculation of power generation efficiency and can reduce the work of calculating power generation efficiency.

The power monitoring apparatus according to the present embodiment has the following configuration.
(1) An input unit to which a signal related to the power actually generated by the solar power generation apparatus is input.
(2) A data acquisition unit that acquires information on the amount of solar radiation, the temperature, and the power generation device.
(3) Calculate a predicted power generation amount that is predicted based on the amount of solar radiation acquired by the data acquisition unit, the temperature, and information related to the power generation device.
(4) The power generation efficiency for each time zone is calculated based on the signal related to the actually generated power input to the input unit and the predicted power generation amount in the time zone corresponding to the actually generated power.
A power monitoring system having the power monitoring device is also an aspect of this embodiment.

The figure which shows the structure of the electric power monitoring system concerning 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the example of the output of the power monitoring apparatus of 1st Embodiment

[First Embodiment]
[1-1. Constitution]
[1-1-1. Overall system configuration]
A power monitoring system will be described as an example of this embodiment with reference to FIG.

  The power monitoring system includes a solar power generation device 1, a power conditioner 2, a solar radiation amount measurement device 3, an air temperature measurement device 4, a power measurement device 5, a power system 6, a power generation facility 7, a load 8, and a monitoring device 10.

  The solar power generation device 1 is configured by a solar panel. The solar power generation device 1 is a sunny outdoor place and is disposed in the vicinity of a power conditioner 2 described later. The solar power generation device 1 receives sunlight to generate power and supplies power to the power conditioner 2.

  The power conditioner 2 is configured by an inverter that converts DC power into AC power. The power conditioner 2 is installed in the vicinity of the solar power generation device 1. The power conditioner 2 converts the DC power generated by the solar power generation device 1 into AC power, and outputs the power to the power system 6 via the power measurement device 5 described later. Moreover, the power conditioner 2 outputs the data regarding the input current voltage of the DC power, the output power amount, the load factor, and the power factor to the monitoring device 10 described later as information regarding the power generation device. The solar power generation device 1 and the power conditioner 2 correspond to the power generation device in the claims.

  The solar radiation amount measuring device 3 is constituted by an optical sensor that senses the amount of sunlight. The solar radiation amount measuring device 3 is installed in the vicinity of the solar power generation device 1. The solar radiation amount measuring device 3 measures the solar radiation amount poured into the solar power generation device 1 every unit time and outputs the measured solar radiation amount to the monitoring device 10.

  The temperature measuring device 4 is configured by an optical sensor that detects the amount of sunlight. The temperature measuring device 4 is installed in the vicinity of the solar power generation device 1. The temperature measuring device 4 measures the temperature in the vicinity of the solar power generation device 1 every unit time, and outputs it to the monitoring device 10.

  The power measuring device 5 is composed of a watt-hour meter with a communication function. The power measuring device 5 is installed between the power conditioner 2 and the power system 6. The power measuring device 5 measures the active power, reactive power, power factor, current, and voltage with respect to the actually generated power output from the power conditioner 2 to the power grid 6, and the actually generated power. To the monitoring device 10 as a signal relating to

  The electric power system 6 is an electric circuit through which direct-current power generated by the solar power generation device 1 is converted into alternating-current power by the power conditioner 2 and supplied. The electric power system 6 is also supplied with electric power from the power generation equipment 7 of the electric power company, and is supplied to the load 8 of the consumer.

  The monitoring device 10 includes a microcomputer and its peripheral devices. The monitoring device 10 is arranged in a power monitoring room or the like where an operator monitors power. As will be described in detail later, the monitoring device 10 is a signal relating to the power actually generated by the solar power generation device 1 output from the power measurement device 5, the solar radiation amount measured by the solar radiation amount measurement device 3, and the temperature measurement device 4. The predicted power generation amount is calculated based on the measured temperature and the information related to the power generation device output from the power conditioner 2, and the power generation efficiency for each time zone is calculated and output.

[1-1-2. Configuration of Monitoring Device 10]
The configuration of the monitoring device 10 will be described with reference to FIG. As an example, the monitoring device 10 includes a data acquisition unit 11, an input unit 12, a storage unit 13, a timer unit 14, a control unit 15, and an output unit 16.

  The data acquisition unit 11 is configured by an interface circuit with the outside. The data acquisition unit 11 is connected to the power conditioner 2, the solar radiation amount measuring device 3 and the air temperature measuring device 4 on the input side, and to the control unit 15 on the output side. Data related to the current voltage, output power amount, load factor, and power factor of the DC power generated by the solar power generation device 1 is input from the power conditioner 2 to the data acquisition unit 11 as information about the power generation device. The data acquisition unit 11 receives the amount of sunlight radiated from the solar power generation device 1 from the solar radiation measurement device 3 every unit time. The temperature in the vicinity of the solar power generation device 1 is input to the data acquisition unit 11 from the temperature measurement device 4 every unit time. The data acquisition unit 11 edits and organizes these data for each unit time zone and outputs the data to the control unit 15.

  The input unit 12 is configured by an interface circuit with the outside. The input unit 12 has an input side connected to the power measuring device 5 and an output side connected to the control unit 15. The input unit 12 is a signal related to the actually generated power output from the power conditioner 2 to the power system 6 measured by the power measuring device 5, which is an active power amount, reactive power amount, power factor, current, Data relating to the voltage is input. The input unit 12 edits and organizes the input data for each unit time zone, and outputs the data to the control unit 15.

  The storage unit 13 is configured by a storage medium such as a semiconductor memory or a hard disk. The memory | storage part 13 memorize | stores the coefficient regarding deterioration with respect to the operating time for every solar power generation device 1 and the power conditioner 2 as a coefficient regarding deterioration of a power generator. Data reading from the storage unit 13 is controlled by the control unit 15 described later.

  The timekeeping unit 14 is configured by a timer circuit having a perpetual clock. The timer unit 14 is connected to the control unit 15. The timekeeping unit 14 measures the current time and measures the operating time for each of the solar power generation device 1 and the power conditioner 2 that are power generation devices. The timer 14 is controlled to read data by the controller 15 described later.

  The control unit 15 is configured by a microcomputer chip. The control unit 15 is connected to the data acquisition unit 11, the input unit 12, the storage unit 13, the time measuring unit 14, and the output unit 16. The control unit 15 is based on the signal regarding the electric power actually generated by the solar power generation device 1 input to the input unit 12, the amount of solar radiation input to the data acquisition unit 11, the temperature, and the information regarding the power generation device. The predicted power generation amount is calculated based on the operation time of the power generation device timed by the unit 14 and the coefficient relating to the deterioration of the power generation device stored in the storage unit 13, the power generation efficiency for each time zone is calculated, and output to the output unit 16 To do.

  The output unit 16 is configured by a transmission circuit. The output unit 16 has an input side connected to the control unit 15 and an output side connected to a device outside the monitoring device 10. The output unit 16 outputs the predicted power generation amount and power generation efficiency created by the control unit 15.

[1-2. Action]
Next, the outline | summary of operation | movement of the electric power monitoring system of this embodiment is demonstrated based on FIGS.

[1-2-1. Operation of data acquisition unit 11]
The data acquisition unit 11 acquires data related to the current voltage, output power amount, load factor, and power factor of the DC power generated by the solar power generation device 1 from the power conditioner 2 as information related to the power generation device. Edit and organize every hour. Moreover, the data acquisition part 11 acquires the data of the solar radiation amount poured into the solar power generation device 1 from the solar radiation amount measuring device 3, and edits and arranges it every hour which is a unit time. Furthermore, the data acquisition part 11 acquires the temperature data of the vicinity of the solar power generation device 1 from the temperature measurement device 4, and edits and arranges it for every hour which is a unit time.

[1-2-2. Operation of input unit 12]
The input unit 12 acquires a signal related to the actually generated power output from the power conditioner 2 to the power system 6 measured by the power measuring device 5 as a serial signal. The signal related to the actually generated power is data relating to the amount of active power, amount of reactive power, power factor, current, and voltage. Further, the input unit 12 edits and organizes data relating to the active power amount, the reactive power amount, the power factor, the current, and the voltage applied to the actually generated power every hour that is a unit time.

[1-2-3. Operation of control unit 15]
The control unit 15 performs the following calculation.
(1) Electricity amount Wr applied to actually generated electric power
(2) Predicted power generation amount Wp
(3) Power generation efficiency K

[(1) Electricity amount Wr applied to actually generated electric power]
The control unit 15 determines the effective power amount applied to the actually generated power output from the photovoltaic power generation device 1 and the power conditioner 2 to the power system 6 input to the input unit 12 every hour which is a unit time. And is stored and accumulated in the storage unit 13 every unit time as the amount of power Wr applied to the actually generated power.

[(2) Predicted power generation amount Wp]
The control unit 15 calculates the predicted power generation amount in advance of calculating the power amount Wr applied to the actually generated power.
The predicted power generation amount is calculated based on the following parameters.
(A1) Power generation amount of the solar power generation device 1 with respect to unit solar radiation Pu
(A2) Predicted solar radiation Si
(A3) Efficiency coefficient by temperature Ct
(A4) Deterioration coefficient Ds with respect to the operating time of the solar power generation device 1
(B1) Conversion efficiency with respect to the load factor of the power conditioner 2 Ce
(B2) Power factor of load of power conditioner 2 PF
(B3) Deterioration coefficient Dc with respect to operating time of power conditioner 2

The predicted power generation amount Wp is calculated according to the following procedure.
First, the predicted power generation amount ws for each unit time of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 1 that does not include the parameter related to the power conditioner 2 is calculated.
ws = Pu × Si × Ct × Ds (1)
Next, the predicted power generation amount Wp is calculated including the parameters related to the power conditioner 2.
Wp = ws × Ce × PF × Dc (2)

(A1) The power generation amount Pu of the solar power generation device 1 with respect to the unit solar radiation amount is an initial state in which the solar power generation device 1 is not deteriorated and a reference temperature, and the solar power generation device 1 generates power with respect to the unit solar radiation amount. The amount of power that can be. The power generation amount Pu of the solar power generation device 1 with respect to the unit solar radiation amount is acquired from the power conditioner 2 by the data acquisition unit 11.

(A2) The predicted solar radiation amount Si is a predicted value of the solar radiation amount that matches the solar power generation device 1. For the prediction of the predicted solar radiation amount Si, data on the past solar radiation amount acquired by the data acquisition unit 11 from the solar radiation amount measuring device 3 is used. For example, the solar radiation amount at the same time the previous day, the same time one week ago, the same time the same day one year ago, or the time immediately before the predicted time zone is used as the predicted solar radiation amount Si.

(A3) The efficiency coefficient Ct depending on the temperature is a numerical value that represents the power generation efficiency that varies depending on the temperature of the solar power generation device 1. As the temperature rises, the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation device 1 decreases. The efficiency coefficient Ct depending on the temperature is a numerical value expressed as a ratio, where the reference temperature, for example, the power generation efficiency at 23 degrees Celsius is “1”. For the prediction of the temperature, the past temperature data acquired by the data acquisition unit 11 from the temperature measuring device 4 is used. For example, the same temperature of the previous day, the same time of one week ago, the same time of the same day of one year ago, or the temperature at the time immediately before the predicted time zone is set as the predicted temperature. A coefficient corresponding to the predicted temperature is set as an efficiency coefficient Ct based on the temperature.

(A4) The deterioration coefficient Ds with respect to the operation time of the solar power generation device 1 is a numerical value that represents the aging deterioration of the power generation efficiency due to the operation time of the solar power generation device 1. As the operating time increases, the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation device 1 decreases due to deterioration over time. The deterioration coefficient Ds with respect to the operating time is a numerical value represented by a ratio, where the power generation efficiency in the initial state when the solar power generation device 1 is installed is “1”. The operating time of the solar power generation device 1 is measured by the timer unit 14. Since the storage unit 13 stores the deterioration coefficient Ds of the solar power generation device 1 for each operation time, the deterioration coefficient Ds with respect to the operation time of the solar power generation device 1 corresponding to the operation time measured by the time measuring unit 14. Is selected.

(B1) The conversion efficiency Ce with respect to the load factor of the power conditioner 2 is a numerical value representing the power generation efficiency corresponding to the load factor that is the output current of the power conditioner 2. The power conditioner 2 has high conversion efficiency when outputting a current close to 100% of the load factor, but the conversion efficiency decreases when the output current becomes small. The conversion efficiency Ce with respect to the load factor of the power conditioner 2 is a numerical value representing the ratio of the output power to the input power of the power conditioner 2. Data on the current voltage of the DC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 1 acquired from the power conditioner 2 by the data acquisition unit 11, the output power amount, the load factor, and the power factor of the power conditioner 2 are used to obtain the load factor. Calculated. Using this load factor, the conversion efficiency Ce with respect to the load factor of the power conditioner 2 is calculated.

(B2) The power factor PF of the load of the power conditioner 2 is the power factor of the power consumed by the load of the power conditioner 2. The power conditioner 2 has a high conversion efficiency when it outputs electric power in the vicinity of a power factor of 100%, but the conversion efficiency decreases as the power factor decreases. Of the data relating to the output power amount, load factor, and power factor of the power conditioner 2 acquired from the power conditioner 2 by the data acquisition unit 11, the power factor is used as the power factor PF of the load of the power conditioner 2.

(B3) The deterioration coefficient Dc with respect to the operating time of the power conditioner 2 is a numerical value representing the aging deterioration of the conversion efficiency due to the operating time of the power conditioner 2. When the operating time of the inverter 2 increases, the conversion efficiency decreases due to deterioration over time. The deterioration coefficient Dc with respect to the operating time is a numerical value represented by a ratio with the conversion efficiency in the initial state when the power conditioner 2 is installed as “1”. The operating time of the inverter 2 is measured by the timer unit 14. Since the storage unit 13 stores the deterioration coefficient Dc of the power conditioner 2 for each operation time, the deterioration coefficient Dc with respect to the operation time of the power conditioner 2 corresponding to the operation time measured by the timer unit 14 is selected. Is done.

[(3) Power generation efficiency K]
The power generation efficiency K is calculated every hour which is a unit time by the following formula. Assuming that the power generation efficiency per hour, which is the unit time, is Kh, the amount of power actually generated is Wrh, and the predicted power generation amount is Wph, the power generation efficiency Kh =
(Power amount Wrh applied to the actually generated power) / (Predicted power generation amount Wph)
... (3)
However, when the solar radiation amount is less than or equal to a preset threshold value, or when the predicted power generation amount Wph is less than or equal to a preset threshold value, the power generation efficiency Kh for that time period is not calculated.

The average value of the power generation efficiency Kh in the time zone in which the power generation efficiency is calculated on one day is set as the power generation efficiency Kd on that day. For example, in a certain day, if the amount of solar radiation from 13: 00 to 16:00 exceeds a preset threshold value, but the amount of solar radiation in other time zones is less than or equal to a preset threshold value, The average value of the power generation efficiency is set as the power generation efficiency Kd of the day.
13: 00-14: 00 Power generation efficiency K1
14:00 to 15:00 Power generation efficiency K2
15: 00-16: 00 Power generation efficiency K3
The power generation efficiency Kd of the day is
Kd = (K1 + K2 + K3) / 3 (4)
It is calculated by.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 15 causes the output unit 16 to output the power generation efficiency K of each day as a monthly report for each month in a table. Further, the control unit 15 causes the output unit 16 to output the power generation efficiency K in the time zone calculated as the daily report for each day in a table.

[1-3. effect]
(1) According to the present embodiment, since the predicted power generation amount is calculated based on the amount of solar radiation, the temperature, and the information related to the power generation device, the accuracy of calculation of the power generation efficiency can be improved.

(2) According to the present embodiment, the power generation efficiency is not calculated for at least one of the time zone in which the solar radiation amount is less than or equal to the threshold value and the time zone in which the predicted power generation amount is less than or equal to the threshold value. The time zone in which the amount of solar radiation falls below the power generation possible range of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus is excluded from the calculation of the power generation efficiency, and the calculation accuracy of the power generation efficiency can be improved.

(3) According to this embodiment, the operation time of the power generation device is timed by the time measuring unit, and the power generation efficiency is calculated including the coefficient relating to the deterioration of the power generation device stored in the storage unit. The accuracy can be improved.

(4) According to the present embodiment, since the power generation efficiency is calculated including the coefficient relating to the deterioration of the power generation device for each of the solar power generation device and the power conditioner, the accuracy of calculation of the power generation efficiency can be improved.

(5) According to the present embodiment, since the power generation efficiency is calculated including information related to the load factor and power factor of the power conditioner, the accuracy of calculation of the power generation efficiency can be improved.

(6) According to the present embodiment, the data acquisition unit acquires the amount of solar radiation, temperature, and information related to the power generation device, and the input unit acquires a signal related to the power actually generated by the power generation device. Therefore, the calculation efficiency of the power generation efficiency is reduced.

[2. Other Embodiments]
Although embodiments have been described above, these embodiments have been presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof as well as included in the scope and gist of the invention. The following is an example.

(1) The calculation method of power generation efficiency is not limited to the above. Some parameters may not be used for the calculation.

(2) In the above embodiment, the solar radiation amount is measured by the solar radiation amount measuring device 3, but instead of the solar radiation amount measuring device 3, data relating to the solar radiation amount may be acquired from the Internet.

(3) In the above embodiment, the temperature is measured by the temperature measuring device 4, but instead of the temperature measuring device 4, data on the temperature may be acquired from the Internet.

(4) In the said embodiment, although the coefficient regarding deterioration with respect to the operating time of the solar power generation device 1 and the power conditioner 2 was assumed that the deterioration coefficient with respect to operating time was represented by a table | surface, it is not restricted to this. The coefficient relating to the deterioration of the power generation device may be, for example, a single numerical value indicating the deterioration every year, or may be a function in which the deterioration with respect to time is expressed as a function.

(5) In the above embodiment, the power generation efficiency is calculated by setting the unit time as 1 hour. However, the unit time is not limited to this, and may be, for example, 15 minutes, 6 hours, or 24 hours.

(6) In the above embodiment, the power generation amount Pu of the solar power generation device 1 with respect to the unit solar radiation amount is acquired from the power conditioner 2 by the data acquisition unit 11, but is monitored when the solar power generation device 1 is installed. You may make it memorize | store in the memory | storage part 13 of the apparatus 10. FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Solar power generation device 2 ... Power conditioner 3 ... Solar radiation amount measuring device 4 ... Temperature measuring device 5 ... Electric power measuring device 6 ... Electric power system 7 ... Power generation equipment 8 ... Load 10 ... Monitoring device 11 ... Data acquisition unit 12 ... Input unit 13 ... Storage unit 14 ... Time measuring unit 15 ... Control unit 16 ... Output unit

Claims (7)

An input unit to which a signal related to the electric power actually generated by the solar power generation device is input;
A data acquisition unit that acquires information on the amount of solar radiation, temperature, and the power generation device, and calculates a predicted power generation amount that is predicted based on the amount of solar radiation, temperature, and information on the power generation device acquired by the data acquisition unit. ,
Power monitoring for calculating power generation efficiency for each time zone based on the signal related to the actually generated power input to the input unit and the predicted power generation amount in the time zone corresponding to the actually generated power apparatus.   The power monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power generation efficiency is not calculated for at least one of a time zone in which the amount of solar radiation is equal to or less than a threshold and a time zone in which the predicted power generation amount is equal to or less than a threshold. A timekeeping unit for measuring the operating time of the power generation device;
A storage unit in which a coefficient relating to deterioration of the power generation device with respect to operating time is stored;
Further comprising
3. The power generation efficiency is calculated by including a coefficient relating to deterioration of the power generation device stored in the storage unit corresponding to the operation time measured by the time measurement unit in information related to the power generation device. The power monitoring device according to any one of the above. 4. The coefficient related to deterioration of the power generation device stored in the storage unit is at least one of a coefficient related to deterioration of the photovoltaic power generation device and a coefficient related to deterioration of the power conditioner. 5. Power monitoring device. The information on the power generation device includes information on the load factor and power factor of the power conditioner,
The power monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power generation efficiency is calculated including information related to a load factor and a power factor of the power conditioner. The power monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power generation efficiency calculation result is output in an XML format. A power generator for generating electric power;
A power measuring device that outputs a signal related to the power actually generated by the power generating device;
A solar radiation amount measuring device for measuring the solar radiation amount for the power generation device;
An air temperature measuring device for measuring the air temperature at the installation location of the power generation device;
A power monitoring device,
An input unit to which a signal related to the power actually generated by the power generation device output from the power measurement device is input;
A solar radiation amount measured by the solar radiation amount measuring device, a temperature measured by the temperature measuring device, a data acquisition unit for acquiring information on the power generation device, a solar radiation amount acquired by the data acquisition unit, an air temperature, Calculate the predicted power generation amount that is predicted based on the information about the power generation device,
Power monitoring for calculating power generation efficiency for each time zone based on the signal related to the actually generated power input to the input unit and the predicted power generation amount in the time zone corresponding to the actually generated power Equipment,
Having a power monitoring system.

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