JP2018194719A - Display system and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new display system. SOLUTION: It has a function of correcting an image signal (including a moving image) and a power supply voltage by using artificial intelligence. Specifically, the display image is detected by the detector, the image signal (including video) and the power supply voltage are corrected by the inference (cognition) of the artificial neural network based on the detection data and the input data, and the display unevenness in the display unit is performed. To reduce. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a semiconductor device, a display system, and an electronic device.

Note that one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. Technical fields of one embodiment of the present invention disclosed in this specification and the like include semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, memory devices, display systems, electronic devices, lighting devices, input devices, input / output devices, and the like Examples of the driving method or the manufacturing method thereof can be given.

In this specification and the like, a semiconductor device refers to all devices that can function by utilizing semiconductor characteristics. A transistor, a semiconductor circuit, an arithmetic device, a memory device, or the like is one embodiment of a semiconductor device. In addition, an imaging device, an electro-optical device, a power generation device (including a thin film solar cell, an organic thin film solar cell, and the like) and an electronic device may include a semiconductor device.

Television (TV) is desired to be able to display high-definition images (including video) as the screen becomes larger, and ultra-high-definition television broadcasting is being promoted. In 2016, trial broadcasting of 8K digital television broadcasting started, and the start of this broadcasting is also scheduled. Therefore, various electronic devices for supporting 8K broadcasting have been developed.

For displaying images, flat panel displays typified by liquid crystal display devices and light-emitting display devices are widely used. Silicon or the like is mainly used as a semiconductor material of transistors constituting these display devices, but in recent years, a technique using a transistor using a metal oxide for a pixel of a display device has also been developed (for example, patents). References 1, 2).

JP 2007-96055 A JP 2007-123861 A

One embodiment of the present invention provides a novel display system. One embodiment of the present invention provides a display system capable of displaying high-quality images (including videos). One embodiment of the present invention provides a display system capable of displaying a large image (including a video). Another embodiment of the present invention provides a display system in which display unevenness in a display portion is reduced. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a display system with low power consumption. Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including the display system.

Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have to solve all of the problems described above, and may be one that can solve at least one problem. Further, the description of the above problem does not disturb the existence of other problems. Issues other than these will be apparent from the description of the specification, claims, drawings, etc., and other issues will be extracted from the description of the specification, claims, drawings, etc. Is possible.

A display system according to one embodiment of the present invention has a function of correcting an image (including video) signal and a power supply voltage by using artificial intelligence (AI). Specifically, a display image is detected by a detector, and display panel display unevenness is reduced by inference (recognition) of an artificial neural network (ANN: Artificial Neural Network) based on detection data and input data. Display quality) can be improved.

Artificial intelligence is a computer that mimics human intelligence. An artificial neural network is a circuit simulating a neural network composed of neurons and synapses, and is a kind of artificial intelligence. In this specification and the like, the term “neural network” particularly refers to an artificial neural network.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a display unit, a detection unit, and a control unit. The display unit includes a plurality of display panels. The control unit includes at least a neural network. The detection unit includes a plurality of detection units. The second data based on the image displayed by inputting the first data to the display panel is detected, and the neural network outputs correction data based on the first data and the second data. A display system that controls data input to a plurality of display panels.

Another aspect of the present invention includes a display unit, a detection unit, and a control unit, the display unit includes a plurality of display panels, the control unit includes at least a neural network, and the detection unit. Detects second data based on an image displayed by inputting first data to a plurality of display panels, and the neural network outputs correction data based on the first data and the second data, The correction data is a display system characterized in that the first data input to the plurality of display panels and the power supply voltage are corrected, and the data input to the plurality of display panels is controlled by the correction data.

Another aspect of the present invention includes a display unit, a detection unit, and a control unit, the display unit includes a plurality of display panels, the control unit includes a neural network, a signal generation unit, A power circuit, and the detection unit detects second data based on an image displayed by inputting the first data to the plurality of display panels, and the neural network includes the first data and the first data. The correction data is output based on the data 2 and the correction data is the third data input to the signal generation unit and the fourth data input to the power supply circuit, and is input to the plurality of display panels by the correction data. It is a display system characterized by controlling data to be performed.

In the above structure, the third data corrects the first data input to the plurality of display panels, and the fourth data corrects the power supply voltage input to the plurality of display panels. .

Another embodiment of the present invention is an electronic device in which the display system described above is mounted.

In the display system according to one embodiment of the present invention, each of the plurality of display panels in the display portion includes an element. Note that various known elements can be used as the element, but a light-emitting element is particularly preferable.

In the display system according to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of neural networks may be provided, and correction of a plurality of data may be performed by parallel processing using the plurality of neural networks.

In the display system according to one embodiment of the present invention, data may be sequentially input to the neural network, and data correction may be performed using a different weighting factor for each data.

An electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention is an electronic device on which the above display system is mounted.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a novel display system can be provided. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display system that can display a high-quality image (including video) can be provided. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display system that can display a large image (including a video) can be provided. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display system in which display unevenness in the display portion is reduced can be provided. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display system with low power consumption can be provided. According to one embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device including the display system can be provided.

Note that the description of these effects does not disturb the existence of other effects. Further, one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of these effects. Effects other than these will be apparent from the description of the specification, claims and drawings, and other effects will be extracted from the description of the specification, claims and drawings. Is possible.

The figure which shows the structural example of a display system. The figure which shows the structural example of a display part. The figure which shows the structural example of a neural network. The figure which shows the operation example of a neural network. The figure which shows the structural example of a power supply circuit. flowchart. flowchart. The figure which shows the structural example of a display system. The figure which shows the structural example of a display part. FIG. 11 illustrates a configuration example of a display panel. The figure which shows the structural example of a pixel. FIG. 9 illustrates a structure example of a transistor. FIG. 9 illustrates a configuration example of an electronic device. FIG. 9 illustrates a configuration example of an electronic device. FIG. 9 illustrates a configuration example of an electronic device. The figure which shows the structural example of a vehicle.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the description in the following embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily understand that the forms and details can be variously changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Is done. Therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the description of the embodiments below.

In addition, in this specification and the like, when it is explicitly described that X and Y are connected, X and Y are electrically connected, and X and Y function. And the case where X and Y are directly connected are disclosed in this specification and the like. Therefore, it is not limited to a predetermined connection relationship, for example, the connection relationship shown in the figure or text, and things other than the connection relation shown in the figure or text are also described in the figure or text. Here, X and Y are assumed to be objects (for example, devices, elements, circuits, wirings, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, etc.).

As an example of the case where X and Y are directly connected, an element that enables electrical connection between X and Y (for example, a switch, a transistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a resistor, a diode, a display, etc.) Element, light emitting element, load, etc.) are not connected between X and Y, and elements (for example, switches, transistors, capacitive elements, inductors) that enable electrical connection between X and Y X and Y are not connected via a resistor element, a diode, a display element, a light emitting element, a load, or the like.

As an example of the case where X and Y are electrically connected, an element (for example, a switch, a transistor, a capacitive element, an inductor, a resistance element, a diode, a display, etc.) that enables electrical connection between X and Y is shown. More than one element, light emitting element, load, etc.) can be connected between X and Y. Note that the switch has a function of controlling on / off. That is, the switch is in an on state or an off state, and has a function of controlling whether or not to pass a current. Alternatively, the switch has a function of selecting and switching a current flow path. Note that the case where X and Y are electrically connected includes the case where X and Y are directly connected.

As an example of the case where X and Y are functionally connected, a circuit (for example, a logic circuit (an inverter, a NAND circuit, a NOR circuit, etc.) that enables a functional connection between X and Y, signal conversion, etc. Circuit (DA conversion circuit, AD conversion circuit, gamma correction circuit, etc.), potential level conversion circuit (power supply circuit (boost circuit, step-down circuit, etc.), level shifter circuit that changes signal potential level, etc.), voltage source, current source, switching Circuit, amplifier circuit (circuit that can increase signal amplitude or current amount, operational amplifier, differential amplifier circuit, source follower circuit, buffer circuit, etc.), signal generation circuit, memory circuit, control circuit, etc.) One or more can be connected between them. As an example, even if another circuit is interposed between X and Y, if the signal output from X is transmitted to Y, X and Y are functionally connected. To do. Note that the case where X and Y are functionally connected includes the case where X and Y are directly connected and the case where X and Y are electrically connected.

In addition, when it is explicitly described that X and Y are electrically connected, a case where X and Y are electrically connected (that is, there is a separate connection between X and Y). And X and Y are functionally connected (that is, they are functionally connected with another circuit between X and Y). And the case where X and Y are directly connected (that is, the case where another element or another circuit is not connected between X and Y). It shall be disclosed in the document. In other words, when it is explicitly described that it is electrically connected, the same contents as when it is explicitly described only that it is connected are disclosed in this specification and the like. It is assumed that

In addition, even in the case where independent components are illustrated as being electrically connected to each other in the drawing, one component may have the functions of a plurality of components. is there. For example, when part of the wiring also functions as an electrode, one conductive film has both a wiring function and an electrode function. Therefore, the term “electrically connected” in this specification includes in its category such a case where one conductive film has functions of a plurality of components.

(Embodiment 1)
In this embodiment, a display system according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

<Configuration example of display system>
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of the display system 10. The display system 10 includes a display unit 20, a detection unit 30, and a control unit 40. The control unit 40 includes a neural network (NN) 50, a power supply circuit (PSC) 60, and a signal generation unit 70. Have. Further, the control unit 40 may include an arithmetic processing device 80 or the like.

In the display system 10, the detection unit 30 detects an image (including video) displayed on the display unit 20, and the neural network 50 generates correction data based on the detected data. The generated correction data is input to the power supply circuit 60 and the signal generation unit 70. In the power supply circuit 60, the power supply voltage is corrected by the correction data, and the corrected power supply voltage is input to the plurality of display panels (DP) 21 of the display unit 20. In addition, in the correction circuit (CC) 77 of the signal generation unit 70, the data input in advance to each display panel for displaying an image is corrected by the correction data and input to each display panel 21 of the display unit 20. The

Note that both the display unit 20 and the control unit 40 in the display system 10 can be configured by a semiconductor device. In addition, a light emitting device can be used for the plurality of display panels constituting the display unit 20. Further, the circuits included in the control unit 40 can be integrated into one integrated circuit.

[Configuration Example of Display Unit 20]
The display unit 20 has a plurality of display panels 21. Each of the display panels 21 has a function of displaying an image based on a signal (hereinafter also referred to as an image signal or a video signal) input from the signal generation unit 70 for displaying a predetermined image. FIG. 1 shows a display unit 20 having a display panel 21 with N rows and M columns (N and M are natural numbers). The display panels 21 can control the display independently.

By displaying an image obtained by dividing one image (including video) on each of the plurality of display panels 21 constituting the display unit 20, the display unit 20 can be increased in size. For example, the display unit 20 with a screen size of 30 inches or more, 40 inches or more, 50 inches or more, or 60 inches or more can be realized. In addition, a high-resolution display unit having a resolution of full high-definition or higher, for example, 4K2K, 8K4K, or higher can be realized.

Further, when one image display is performed using a plurality of display panels, the size of one display panel does not need to be large. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the size of the manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the display panel. In addition, since a manufacturing apparatus for a small and medium display panel can be used, it is not necessary to separately prepare equipment for a large display apparatus, and manufacturing costs can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to avoid a decrease in yield due to an increase in the size of the display panel.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the N × M display panel 21 ([1, 1] to [N, M]) constituting the display unit 20 has an image signal ( Data: SDdiv ′) (SDdiv ′ [1, 1] to [N, M]) are respectively input. Therefore, for example, data ((SDdiv ′) [i, j]) (i is an integer from 1 to N, j is an integer from 1 to M) is input to the display panel 21 ([i, j]). Is done.

FIG. 2B shows a configuration example of the display panel 21. The display panel 21 includes a pixel portion 23 including a plurality of pixels 22, a drive circuit 24, and a drive circuit 25.

Each pixel 22 has a display element and has a function of displaying a predetermined gradation. Then, the gradation of the pixel 22 is controlled by signals output from the drive circuit 24 and the drive circuit 25, and a predetermined image is displayed on the pixel unit 23.

Examples of the display element provided in the pixel 22 include a light emitting element. Examples of the light emitting element include a self-luminous light emitting element such as an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), an LED (Light Emitting Diode), a QLED (Quantum-Dot Light Emitting Diode), and a semiconductor laser. Note that other known elements (for example, a liquid crystal element or the like) may be applied as long as the elements are applicable to the configuration illustrated in FIG.

Note that the number of pixels 22 provided in the pixel portion 23 can be freely set. For example, when a 4K2K image is displayed on the display unit 20, it is preferable to provide a total of 3840 × 2160 or more, or 4096 × 2160 or more, pixels on the N × M display panels 21. Further, in the case of displaying an 8K4K image, it is preferable to provide a total of 7680 × 4320 or more pixels. Further, more pixels 22 can be provided in the pixel portion 23.

Each pixel 22 is connected to a wiring (SL) and a wiring (GL). Further, the wiring (GL) is connected to the drive circuit 24, and the wiring (SL) is connected to the drive circuit 25.

The drive circuit 24 has a function of supplying a signal for selecting the pixel 22 (hereinafter also referred to as a selection signal) to the pixel 22. Specifically, the driving circuit 24 has a function of supplying a selection signal to the wiring (GL), and the wiring (GL) has a function of transmitting the selection signal output from the driving circuit 24 to the pixel 22. Note that the wiring (GL) can also be referred to as a selection signal line, a gate line, or the like.

The drive circuit 25 has a function of supplying an image signal to the pixel 22. Specifically, the drive circuit 25 has a function of supplying an image signal to the wiring (SL), and the wiring (SL) has a function of transmitting the image signal output from the drive circuit 25 to the pixel 22. Note that the wiring (SL) can also be referred to as an image signal line, a source line, or the like. When an image signal is supplied to the pixel 22 to which the selection signal is supplied, the selection signal is written to the pixel 22 and a predetermined gradation is displayed.

FIG. 2C illustrates a configuration example of the pixel 22. The pixel 22 includes a light emitting element. Here, a light-emitting element (EL) having a structure in which an EL layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes (an anode and a cathode) is shown as a light-emitting element. Note that the anode and the cathode of the light emitting element are each electrically connected to a power supply circuit (PSC) 60 (same as the power supply circuit 60 shown in FIG. 1). From the power supply circuit 60, a voltage (Va ') is applied to the anode of the light emitting element, and a voltage (Vc') is applied to the cathode.

[Configuration Example of Detection Unit 30]
The detection unit 30 illustrated in FIG. 1 has a function of detecting an image displayed on the display unit 20 and inputting the detected data to the neural network 50 of the control unit 40. The detection unit 30 includes a detector that can convert the image displayed on the display unit 20 into data. As the detector, an image sensor (for example, a CCD image sensor, a CMOS image sensor, etc.), a camera, and other sensors can be used.

Accordingly, when a plurality of display panels 21 are displayed and one image is displayed on the display unit 20, if there is display unevenness due to luminance variations between display panels in the display unit 20, a display image including the display unevenness is displayed. Can be detected.

[Configuration Example of Control Unit 40]
The control unit 40 shown in FIG. 1 includes a neural network (NN) 50, a power supply circuit (PSC) 60, and a signal generation unit 70. The neural network 50 has a function of generating data for correcting luminance variations of a plurality of display panels (DP) in the display unit 20, and the power supply circuit 60 has a function of controlling the drive voltage of the elements of the display unit. The signal generation unit 70 has a function of dividing the image data into the same number of data as the plurality of display panels and a function of correcting luminance variations of the plurality of display panels. In addition, the structure of the control part 40 is not restricted only to the above, You may provide a required circuit as needed.

<Configuration example of neural network>
The neural network (NN) 50 included in the control unit 40 includes correction data (correction data A: NSD) for correcting image data (SDdiv) input to the display unit 20 and power supply voltage input to the display unit 20. Has a function of outputting correction data (correction data B: NVe).

The neural network 50 uses the image data for reducing the luminance variation in the display unit 20 from the image data (DD) of the display unit 20 detected by the detection unit 30 and the image data (SD) input to the display unit 20. Learning for outputting the correction data (correction data A: NSD) to the correction circuit 77 is performed. Further, learning for outputting correction data (correction data B: NVe) for the power supply voltage of the display panel 21 for reducing luminance variation in the display unit 20 to the power supply circuit 60 from the similar data (DD and SD). Is given.

Therefore, when N × M data (SD), which is image data input to the display unit 20, is input to the neural network 50, the neural network 50 performs inference, and N × M correction data (correction data). A: NSD, correction data B: NVe) are output. Here, a configuration having an N × M neural network 50 (NN [1, 1] to [N, M]) will be described. Data SD [i, j] is input to the neural network 50 [i, j].

Accordingly, when the correction data A (NSD) is input from the neural network 50 to the correction circuit 77, the N × M data (SDdiv) is corrected by the correction circuit 77, and the corrected N × M data (SDdiv ′). Is supplied to the display unit 20. When the correction data B (NVe) is input from the neural network 50 to the power supply circuit 60, the N × M data (Ve) is corrected by the power supply circuit 60, and the corrected N × M data (Ve ′). Is supplied to the display unit 20. As a result, it is possible to realize a display in which display unevenness due to luminance variations between display panels is reduced.

Here, the learning function of the neural network 50 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3A, the neural network 50 includes a neuron circuit (NC) 32 and a synapse circuit (SC) 31 provided between the neuron circuits.

Input data x _{1 to} x _L (L is a natural number) is input to the synapse circuit (SC) 31. The synapse circuit 31 has a function of storing a weight coefficient w _k (k is an integer of 1 or more and L or less). The weighting factor w _k corresponds to the strength of the connection between the neuron circuits (NC) 32.

When the input data x _{1 to} x _L are input to the synapse circuit 31, the neuron circuit 32 receives the product of the input data x _k input to the synapse circuit 31 and the weight coefficient w _k stored in the synapse circuit 31. (X _k w _k ) is a value obtained by adding up k = _{1 to L} (x ₁ w ₁ + x ₂ w ₂ +... + X _L w _L ), that is, obtained by a product-sum operation using x _k and w _k. The supplied value is supplied. If this value exceeds a threshold value theta _O of the neuron circuit 32, neuron circuit 32 outputs a high level signal. This phenomenon is called firing of the neuron circuit 32.

FIG. 3B shows a model of a neural network 50 that uses a neuron circuit 32 and a synapse circuit 31 to form a hierarchical perceptron. The neural network 50 includes an input layer (IL) 33, a hidden layer (intermediate layer: HL) 34, and an output layer (OL) 35.

Input data x _{1 to} x _L are output from the input layer 33. The hidden layer 34 includes a hidden synapse circuit (HS) 36 and a hidden neuron circuit (HN) 37. The output layer 35 includes an output synapse circuit (OS) 38 and an output neuron circuit (ON) 39.

The hidden neuron circuit 37 is supplied with a value obtained by a product-sum operation using the input data x _k and the weighting coefficient w _k held in the hidden synapse circuit 36. The output neuron circuit 39 is supplied with the value obtained by the product-sum operation using the output of the hidden neuron circuit 37 and the weighting coefficient w _k held in the output synapse circuit 38. Then, the output neuron circuit 39, the output data _y 1 ~y _n is outputted.

As described above, the neural network 50 to which predetermined input data is given has a function of outputting, as output data, a weight coefficient held in the synapse circuit 31 and a value corresponding to the threshold value θ of the neuron circuit.

The neural network 50 can perform supervised learning by inputting teacher data. FIG. 3C shows a model of the neural network 50 that performs supervised learning using the error back propagation method.

The error back propagation method is a method of changing the weighting coefficient w _k of the synapse circuit 31 so that the error between the output data of the neural network 50 and the teacher signal becomes small. Specifically, according to the error [delta] _O, which is determined on the basis of the output data _y 1 ~y _n and teacher data _t 1 ~t _L, the weighting factor _{w k} hidden synapse circuit 36 is changed. Further, in accordance with the change amount of the weighting coefficient w _k of the hidden synapse circuit 36 further has the weight coefficient w _k of the preceding stage of the synapse circuit 31 is changed. In this manner, the neural network 50 can be learned by sequentially changing the weighting coefficient of the synapse circuit 31 based on the teacher data t _{1 to} t _L.

In the display system shown in FIG. 1, the error δ _O of the neural network 50 described above is actually displayed on the display panel 21 of the display unit 20 and data (DD) corresponding to the display image detected by the detector 30. And the data (SD) (teacher data) corresponding to the image data before correction (image data acquired by decoding the broadcast signal).

3B and 3C show one hidden layer 34, the number of hidden layers 34 can be two or more. By using a neural network having two or more hidden layers 34 (deep neural network (DNN)), deep learning can be performed. As a result, the accuracy of gradation correction can be increased.

The neural network 50 shown in the present embodiment has a function of correcting N × M data (SD) and N × M drive voltage (Ve) by learning in order to reduce luminance variation in the display unit 20. It has been added. When data (SD) is input to the neural network 50, arithmetic processing is performed in each layer. Arithmetic processing in each layer is executed by, for example, a product-sum operation between the output of the neuron circuit included in the previous layer and the weight coefficient. The coupling between layers may be a total coupling in which all the neuron circuits are coupled, or a partial coupling in which some neuron circuits are coupled. The calculation results are output from the output layer OL as data (NSD) and (NVe). Thus, the data (SDdiv) is corrected to the data (SDdiv ′), and the drive voltage (Ve) is corrected to the drive voltage (Ve ′).

FIG. 4 shows a state in which correction data of a plurality of data (SDdiv) and data (Ve) is output by parallel processing by a plurality of neural networks 50. In this case, the image signal can be corrected at high speed.

Data (NSDdiv ([1,1] to [N, M])) is output from the output layer (OL) 35 of the neural network 50 ([1,1] to [N, M]), respectively, and the correction circuit 77 is output. Is output. Further, data (NVdiv ((1,1,1) to [N, M])) is output from the output layer (OL) 35 of the neural network 50 ([1,1] to [N, M]), respectively, and the power supply It is output to the circuit 60. As described above, by using the correction signals (NSDdiv, NVdiv) corrected by the neural network 50, it is possible to display an image in which the luminance variation in the display unit 20 is reduced.

The weighting factors stored in each neural network 50 can be set individually. As a result, the image signal can be corrected independently for each display panel 21, and fine-grained correction can be performed.

The number of neural networks 50 is not particularly limited, and may be less than N × M. For example, when there is one neural network 50, data (SDdiv [1, 1] to [N, M]) are sequentially input to the neural network 50, and inference is performed. At this time, the weighting coefficient is input to the neural network 50 for each correction process of the data (SDdiv), and the weighting coefficient [i, j] is used to correct the data (SDdiv [i, j]). That is, inference can be performed using different weighting factors for each data (SDdiv). In this way, by switching the weighting factor according to the input data (SDdiv), the image signal can be corrected for each display panel 21 even when the data (SDdiv) is sequentially input.

Although the case where one neural network 50 is used has been described here, a configuration in which a plurality of neural networks are provided and a plurality of data is sequentially input to each neural network may be employed. In this case, since the data are sequentially input, it is preferable to switch the weighting factor at high speed. A configuration suitable for switching the weighting factor can be used by appropriately combining known methods.

Next, an operation example of the neural network 50 will be described. Here, the N × M detection data (DDdiv) in which the image displayed on the display unit is detected by the detection unit 30 and the N × M data (SDdiv) input to the display unit are the neural network 50. Correction data (image correction data: NSDdiv, power supply voltage correction data: NVe) in which weighting factors for reducing the luminance variation of the display panel of the display unit 20 are set are input from the neural network 50 to the correction circuit 77 and the power supply. Each is output to the circuit 60. Hereinafter, an example of operation of the neural network 50 during learning will be described with reference to FIG.

First, N × M data (SDdiv) is input to the neural network 50 (step S1). At this time, the neural network 50 is in a state before learning, and N × M data (NSDdiv) corresponding to the initial value of the weighting coefficient is transferred from the neural network 50 to the correction circuit 77 and N × corresponding to the initial value of the weighting coefficient. M data (NVe) is output from the neural network 50 to the power supply circuit 60, respectively. Note that the N × M data (SDdiv) is an image signal corresponding to the image A.

Then, N × M data (SDdiv ′) corrected by N × M data (NSDdiv) is supplied from the correction circuit 77 to the display unit 20, and N × M corrected by N × M data (NVe). (NVe ′) is supplied from the power supply circuit 60 to the display unit 20, and the image B is displayed on the display unit 20 (step S2).

Here, when the image B is displayed, the luminance varies from display panel to display panel, and display unevenness may occur in the display unit. This display unevenness is included in data (DDdiv) (second data) which is image data detected by the detector 30. This data (DDdiv) is detected as N × M data. (Step S3). The data corresponding to the images actually displayed on the display panels 20 [1, 1] to [N, M] are defined as data (DDdiv [1, 1] to [N, M]), respectively.

When display unevenness is visually recognized in the image B, the neural network 50 is learned. Specifically, first, data SDdiv [1,1] and data DDdiv [1,1] are input to the neural network 50 (step S4). Data (SDdiv [1,1]) is supplied to the input layer 33 of the neural network 50 so that the difference between the data (SDdiv [1,1]) and the data (DDdiv [1,1]) becomes 0, that is, The weighting factor of the neural network 50 is updated so that the image B actually displayed on the pixel unit 23 is equal to the image intended for display (image A) (step S5). An error back-propagation method or the like can be used for updating the weighting coefficient.

With the update of the weighting factor, the data (NSDdiv [1,1]) and data (NVdiv [1,1]) output from the neural network 50 are also updated. Further, the data (DDdiv [1,1]) is updated by updating the data (NSDdiv [1,1]) and the data (NVdiv [1,1]). Then, based on the difference between the updated data (DDdiv [1,1]) and the data (SDdiv [1,1]), the weighting coefficient is further updated.

The above updating of the weighting coefficient is repeated until the error between the data (SDdiv [1,1]) and the data (DDdiv [1,1]) becomes equal to or less than a certain value. The calculation of the difference may be performed either inside or outside the neural network 50. Further, the allowable range of error can be set freely. When the error between the data (SDdiv [1, 1]) and the data (DDdiv [1, 1]) finally becomes a certain value or less, learning of the neural network 50 ends (YES in step S6). Then, the weighting factor W [1, 1] of the neural network 50 at this time is obtained as a learning result.

Note that the initial value of the weighting coefficient of the neural network 50 may be determined by a random number. Note that the initial value of the weighting coefficient may affect the learning speed (for example, the convergence speed of the weighting coefficient, the prediction accuracy of the neural network 50), so if the learning speed is slow, the initial value of the weighting coefficient is changed. May be.

Thereafter, data (SDdiv [1,2]) and data (DDdiv [1,2]) are input to the neural network 50 (NO in step S7, step S4), and learning is performed in the same manner. When learning using N × M sets of data (SDdiv) and data (DDdiv) is finally completed (YES in step S7), weighting factors W [1,1] to [N, M] are obtained as learning results. Is obtained.

Thereafter, when learning is continued using another image (NO in step S8), the operations after step S1 are repeated. When learning is completed for all the images (YES in step S8), learning of the neural network 50 ends.

The learning of the neural network 50 can be performed using an arithmetic processing device 80 (FIG. 1) provided inside (or outside) the control unit 40. As the arithmetic processing unit 80, a computer having excellent arithmetic processing capability such as a dedicated server or a cloud can be used. By installing software corresponding to the neural network 50 in the arithmetic processing device 40, learning of the neural network 50 can be performed on the software using the arithmetic processing device 80. Then, the learning result can be reflected on the neural network 50 by supplying the neural network 50 with the N × M weight coefficient W obtained by learning using software.

In order to configure the software corresponding to the neural network 50, for example, a method of constructing a neural network on the software using a hierarchical perceptron and having the same number of layers as the neural network 50 and the number of neurons included in each layer. Can be used.

The learning of the neural network 50 may be performed by parallel processing in which data (SDdiv) and data (DDdiv) are input to a plurality of neural networks 50, respectively, or data (SDdiv) and Data (DDdiv) may be input sequentially.

Next, an operation example when the neural network 50 that has performed the above-described learning performs inference will be described with reference to FIG. In the inference, it is assumed that the weighting coefficient W obtained by the above learning is stored in the neural network 50.

First, N × M data (SDdiv) generated by the processing circuit 73 is input to the neural network 50 (step S11). The neural network 50 performs inference using the data (SDdiv) as input data, and corrects the data (SDdiv) to data (NSDdiv) (step S12).

Here, the neural network 50 is learned so as to reduce the variation in the luminance of each display panel in the image B. Therefore, N × M data (NSDdiv) obtained by the inference of the neural network 50 is input to the correction circuit 70, and N × M data (NVdiv) is input to the power supply circuit 60. When the data (SDdiv ′) and N × M data (Vediv ′) are respectively output from the power supply circuit 60 to the display unit 20 (step S13), an image with reduced luminance variation for each display panel is displayed. (Step S14).

The correction of data (SDdiv) can be performed by parallel processing using a plurality of neural networks 50, but can also be performed by sequentially inputting data (SDdiv) to one neural network 50.

As described above, the configuration of the display system described in this embodiment is characterized in that display unevenness due to luminance variations can be reduced by correcting image data and power supply voltage using the neural network 50. That is, as shown in FIG. 8A, in the case where the display panel 21 is provided with the display panel 21 with N rows and M columns (N and M are natural numbers), the display panel 20 has N × M data (SDdiv and When (Vediv) is input, due to the characteristics of each display panel, the display brightness of each display panel 21 is different as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, N × M data (SDdiv and Vediv) input to the display panel 20 is corrected by the neural network 50 using the data detected by the detection unit 30, and the corrected N × M data ( By inputting SDdiv ′ and Vdiv ′ ′) to the display unit 20, it is possible to reduce the luminance variation that occurs between the display panels as shown in FIG. 8B-2. Therefore, the image quality can be improved.

In the present embodiment, the case where the neural network 50 is used to correct the image data and the power supply voltage has been described. However, the neural network 50 may be used to output a gamma correction parameter. In this case, by using the parameter obtained by the inference of the neural network 50 as the parameter for gamma correction, the gamma correction correction curve is corrected so as to reduce the luminance variation between the display panels.

<Configuration example of power supply circuit>
A power supply circuit (PSC) 60 included in the control unit 40 supplies a drive voltage to the display panel 21 included in the display unit 20. The power supply circuit 60 corrects the drive voltage supplied to the display panel 21 based on N × M correction data (correction data B: NVe) input by the neural network 50, and N N is used as the corrected drive voltage. The xM data (Ve ′) is supplied to the display unit 20. In other words, the power supply voltage input to the display panel 21 is corrected and output. Note that by controlling the power supply voltage, the element performance of the display panel can be greatly changed, so that it is possible to efficiently adjust the luminance variation in the display portion.

A configuration example of the power supply circuit will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 5A is a block diagram of the power supply circuit 900. The power supply circuit 900 generates a power supply voltage (Va and Vc) in which the voltage (V0) is corrected based on the correction data (NVe) input by the neural network 50, and supplies the power supply voltage to the pixel unit 22 of the display panel 21. Have

As an example, the power supply circuit 900 includes a voltage generation circuit 901 and a stabilization circuit 902. The voltage generation circuit 901 generates voltages (Vref_a and Vref_c) by stepping up or down the voltage (V0). The voltages (Vref_a and Vref_c) are voltages for generating stable voltages (Va and Vc) in the stabilization circuit 902.

The voltage generation circuit 901 can be used in combination with a booster circuit or a step-down circuit according to a desired voltage. For example, a charge pump circuit, a voltage doubler rectifier circuit, or the like can be used.

FIG. 5B is a block diagram illustrating an example of the stabilization circuit 902. The stabilization circuit 902 includes an op-amp 903, capacitive elements 904 and 905, a transistor 906, and resistive elements 907 and 908. The stabilization circuit 902 can receive a voltage (Vref_a) (or voltage (Vref_c)), for example, and generate a stabilized voltage (Va) (or voltage (Vc)).
<Configuration example of signal generator>
The signal generation unit 70 included in the control unit 40 has a function of generating an image signal based on data input from the outside. The signal generation unit 70 includes a front end unit (FE) 71, a decoder (DEC) 72, a processing circuit (PC) 73, a reception unit (RCV) 74, an interface (IF) 75, a control circuit (CTRL) 76, and a correction. A circuit (CC) 77 is included.

The front end unit 71 has a function of receiving a signal input from the outside and appropriately performing signal processing. For example, a broadcast signal encoded and modulated by a predetermined method is input to the front end unit 71. The front end unit 71 can have a function of performing demodulation, analog-digital conversion, and the like of the received image signal. Further, the front end unit 71 may have a function of performing error correction. Data received by the front end unit 71 and subjected to signal processing is output to the decoder 72.

The decoder 72 has a function of decoding the encoded signal. When the image data included in the broadcast signal input to the front end unit 71 is compressed, the decoder 72 decompresses the image data. For example, the decoder 72 can have functions for performing entropy decoding, inverse quantization, inverse orthogonal transform such as inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT) and inverse discrete sine transform (IDST), intraframe prediction, and interframe prediction. .

Note that the encoding standard for 8K / 4K television broadcasting is H.264. H.265 / MPEG-H High Efficiency Video Coding (hereinafter referred to as HEVC) is employed. When the image data included in the broadcast signal input to the front end unit 71 is encoded according to HEVC, the decoder 72 performs decoding (decoding) according to HEVC.

Image data (SD) generated by the decoding process by the decoder 72 is output to the processing circuit 73.

The processing circuit 73 has a function of dividing data (SD), which is image data, into a plurality of data (SDdiv). The plurality of data (SDdiv) is image data corresponding to images displayed on the plurality of display panels 21. Therefore, the data (SD) is divided into the same number of data (SDdiv) as the display panel 21 provided in the display unit 20. FIG. 1 shows a case where the data (SD) is divided into N × M data (SDdiv) and output to the correction circuit 77.

The processing circuit 73 may have a function of performing image processing in addition to data division. Examples of image processing include noise removal processing, gradation conversion processing, color tone correction processing, and luminance correction processing. Color tone correction processing and luminance adjustment processing can be performed using gamma correction or the like. Further, the processing circuit PC may have a function of executing inter-pixel interpolation processing accompanying resolution up-conversion and inter-frame interpolation processing accompanying frame frequency up-conversion.

Noise removal processing includes removal of various noises such as mosquito noise that occurs around the outline of characters, block noise that occurs in high-speed video, random noise that causes flickering, and dot noise that occurs due to resolution up-conversion. .

The gradation conversion process is a process of converting the gradation indicated by the data (SDdiv) into a gradation corresponding to the output characteristics of the display unit 20. For example, when the number of gradations is increased, a process for smoothing the histogram can be performed by interpolating and assigning gradation values corresponding to each pixel to an image input with a small number of gradations. Further, the dynamic range (HDR) process for expanding the dynamic range is also included in the gradation conversion process.

The color tone correction process is a process for correcting the color tone of an image. The brightness correction process is a process for correcting the brightness (brightness contrast) of the image. For example, the brightness and color tone of the image displayed on the display unit 20 are corrected so as to be optimal according to the type, brightness, or color purity of the space in which the display unit 20 is provided.

The inter-pixel interpolation process is a process of interpolating data that does not originally exist when the resolution is up-converted. For example, the pixels around the target pixel are referred to, and the data is interpolated so as to display those intermediate colors.

Interframe interpolation generates an image of a frame (interpolation frame) that does not originally exist when the frame frequency of an image to be displayed is increased. For example, an interpolation frame image to be inserted between two images is generated from the difference between two images. Alternatively, an image of a plurality of interpolation frames can be generated between two images. For example, when the frame frequency of the image data is 60 Hz, by generating a plurality of interpolation frames, the frame frequency of the image signal output to the display unit 20 is doubled by 120 Hz, or quadrupled by 240 Hz, or It can be increased to 8 times 480 Hz or the like.

Note that the above image processing can also be performed by an image processing circuit provided separately from the processing circuit 73.

The receiving unit 74 has a function of receiving data or control signals input from the outside. For inputting data or control signals to the receiving unit 75, a remote controller, a portable information terminal (such as a smartphone or a tablet), an operation button provided on the display unit 20, or the like can be used.

The interface 75 has a function of appropriately performing signal processing on the data or control signal received by the receiving unit 74 and outputting the processed signal to the control circuit 76.

The control circuit 76 has a function of supplying a control signal to each circuit included in the signal generation unit 70. For example, the control circuit 76 has a function of supplying a control signal to the decoder 72, the processing circuit 73, or the correction circuit 77. The control by the control circuit 76 can be performed based on a control signal received by the receiving unit 74.

The correction circuit 77 has a function of correcting data (SDdiv) that is an image signal input from the processing circuit 73 based on N × M correction data (correction data A: NSD) input from the neural network 50. Specifically, when the display unit 20 is provided with a plurality of display panels 21, the correction circuit 77 has N × M data (in order to reduce luminance variation in image display using the plurality of display panels 21. SDdiv) is corrected, and the corrected N × M data (SDdiv ′) is input to the plurality of display panels 21 of the display unit 20. Note that such luminance variation is a problem caused by the characteristics of the transistor included in the pixel 22 or the size of the capacitor, the parasitic resistance or capacitance of the wiring (SL), the driving ability of the driver circuit 24, and the like.

[Specific examples of the display panel]
9A and 9B show a specific configuration of the display panel 21 provided in the display unit 20 and a specific arrangement example when a plurality of display panels 21 are provided. As shown in FIG. 9B, the plurality of display panels 21 are preferably arranged so that display areas are continuous between adjacent display panels 21.

The display panel 21 illustrated in FIG. 9A includes a display region 51, a region 52 that transmits visible light, and a region 53 that blocks visible light adjacent to the display region 51. FIG. 9A shows an example in which an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) 54 is provided on the display panel 21.

The display area 51 includes a plurality of pixels 22 (not shown). In addition, the region 52 may be provided with not only a pair of substrates constituting the display panel 21 but also a sealing material for bonding the pair of substrates. At this time, a material having a light-transmitting property with respect to visible light is used for a member provided in the region 52. The region 53 may be provided with a wiring electrically connected to the pixel 22 included in the display region 51. In the region 53, the drive circuit 23, the drive circuit 24, and the like described with reference to FIG. The region 53 may be provided with a terminal electrically connected to the FPC 54, a wiring electrically connected to the terminal, or the like.

FIG. 9B shows an arrangement example of the display panel 21. Here, as an example, four adjacent display panels 21 (DPa (21a), DPb (21b), DPc (21c), and DPd (21d)) are shown.

The four display panels (21a, 21b, 21c, 21d) are arranged so as to have areas overlapping with other display panels. Specifically, each display panel (21a) has a region that overlaps the display region 51 (display surface side) of another display panel, and the region 52 that transmits visible light of one display panel. , 21b, 21c, 21d). Further, the display panels (DPa, DPb, DPc, DPd) are arranged so that the region 53 that shields visible light of one display panel does not overlap the display region 51 of the other display panel (DP). Yes.

More specifically, an area along the short side of the display area 51a of the display panel (21a) and a part of the area 52b of the display panel (21b) are overlapped. Further, a region along the long side of the display region 51a of the display panel (21a) and a part of the region 52c of the display panel (21c) are provided so as to overlap each other. The area 52d of the display panel (21d) is provided so as to overlap the area along the long side of the display area 51b of the display panel (21b) and the area along the short side of the display area 51c of the display panel (21c). It has been.

Thus, by superimposing the region 52 that transmits visible light on the display region 51, the entire display region 51 can be viewed from the display surface side. As a result, it is possible to use an area in which the display areas 51 a, 51 b, 51 c, 51 d are continuously arranged as the display area 55 of the display unit 20.

In addition, it is preferable that the display panel 21 has flexibility by using a flexible substrate for the display panel 21. Thereby, since a part of the display panel (DPa) can be curved, the FPC 54a can be arranged so as to overlap with the lower side of the display area 51b of the adjacent display panel (DPb). As a result, the FPC 54a can be disposed without physically interfering with the back surface of the display panel (DPb). Further, when the display panel (DPa) and the display panel (DPb) are bonded to each other, it is not necessary to consider the thickness of the FPC 54a. Therefore, the upper surface of the region 52b of the display panel (DPb) and the display panel (DPa) ) Can be reduced in height difference from the upper surface of the display area 51a. As a result, it can suppress that the edge part of the display panel (DPb) located on the display area 51a is visually recognized.

Further, by giving each display panel 21 flexibility, the height of the upper surface in the display area 51b of the display panel (DPb) is made to coincide with the height of the upper surface in the display area 51a of the display panel (DPa). The display panel (DPb) can be gently bent. Therefore, it is possible to make the heights of the respective display areas uniform except for the vicinity of the area where the display panel (DPa) and the display panel (DPb) overlap, and the display quality of the image displayed in the display area 55 can be improved. .

In addition, in order to reduce the level | step difference between the two adjacent display panels 21, it is preferable that the thickness of the display panel 21 is thin. For example, the thickness of the display panel 21 is preferably 1 mm or less, preferably 300 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less.

As described above, in one embodiment of the present invention, by supplying an image signal corrected using artificial intelligence to the display unit 20 on which images are displayed by the plurality of display panels 21, a plurality of display panels (DP) ) Can be reduced. Thereby, the quality of the image displayed on a display part can be improved.

Note that the structure described in this embodiment can be combined as appropriate with any of the structures described in the other embodiments.

(Embodiment 2)
In this embodiment, a structure example of the display panel 21 of the display portion 20 (see FIG. 1) included in the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described. Here, an active matrix type having a structure in which a display element and a transistor (FET) are combined, and a structure in which a light-emitting element is used as the display element will be described with reference to FIGS.

An active matrix display panel is described with reference to FIGS. 10A is a top view of the display panel, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 10A cut along a chain line A-A ′. The active matrix display panel includes a pixel portion 302, a driver circuit portion (source line driver circuit) 303, and driver circuit portions (gate line driver circuits) (304a and 304b) provided over the first substrate 301. . The pixel portion 302 and the driver circuit portions 303, 304 a, and 304 b) are sealed between the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 306 by a sealant 305.

A lead wiring 307 is provided over the first substrate 301. The lead wiring 307 is connected to the FPC 308 which is an external input terminal. Note that the FPC 308 transmits signals (eg, a video signal, a clock signal, a start signal, a reset signal, and the like) and a potential from the outside to the driving circuit units (303, 304a, and 304b). Further, a printed wiring board (PWB) may be attached to the FPC 308. Note that the state in which the FPC or PWB is attached is included in the display panel.

In the cross-sectional structure illustrated in FIG. 3B, the pixel portion 302 includes a plurality of FETs (switching FETs) 311, FETs (current control FETs) 312, and first electrodes 313 electrically connected to the FETs 312. Formed by the pixels. Note that the number of FETs included in each pixel is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately provided as necessary.

The FETs 309, 310, 311, and 312 are not particularly limited, and for example, a staggered type transistor or an inverted staggered type transistor can be applied. Further, a transistor structure such as a top gate type or a bottom gate type may be used.

Note that there is no particular limitation on the crystallinity of the semiconductor that can be used for these FETs 309, 310, 311, and 312; an amorphous semiconductor, a semiconductor having crystallinity (a microcrystalline semiconductor, a polycrystalline semiconductor, a single crystal semiconductor, Alternatively, a semiconductor having a crystal region in part) may be used. Note that it is preferable to use a crystalline semiconductor because deterioration of transistor characteristics can be suppressed.

As these semiconductors, for example, Group 14 elements, compound semiconductors, oxide semiconductors, organic semiconductors, and the like can be used. Typically, a semiconductor containing silicon, a semiconductor containing gallium arsenide, an oxide semiconductor containing indium, or the like can be used.

The drive circuit unit 303 includes an FET 309 and an FET 310. Note that the FET 309 and the FET 310 may be formed of a circuit including a unipolar transistor (N-type or P-type only) or a CMOS circuit including an N-type transistor and a P-type transistor. May be. In addition, a configuration in which a drive circuit is provided outside may be employed.

An end portion of the first electrode 313 is covered with an insulator 314. Note that the insulator 314 can be formed using an organic compound such as a negative photosensitive resin or a positive photosensitive resin (acrylic resin), or an inorganic compound such as silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, or silicon nitride. . It is preferable that an upper end portion or a lower end portion of the insulator 314 have a curved surface having a curvature. Thereby, the coverage of the film formed in the upper layer of the insulating portion 314 can be improved.

An EL layer 315 and a second electrode 316 are stacked over the first electrode 313, and a light-emitting element 317 is formed by the first electrode 313, the EL layer 315, and the second electrode 316. Note that the EL layer 315 includes a light-emitting layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, a charge generation layer, and the like. A known structure or a known material can be applied to the light-emitting element 317.

Note that although not shown here, the second electrode 316 is electrically connected to the FPC 308 which is an external input terminal.

In the cross-sectional view illustrated in FIG. 10B, only one light-emitting element 317 is illustrated; however, in the pixel portion 302, a plurality of light-emitting elements are arranged in a matrix. In the pixel portion 302, light emitting elements capable of emitting three types (R, G, and B) of light emission can be selectively formed, so that a light emitting device capable of full color display can be formed. In addition to the light emitting element that can obtain three types of light emission (R, G, B), for example, light emission that can emit light such as white (W), yellow (Y), magenta (M), and cyan (C). An element may be formed. For example, by adding the above-described light emitting elements capable of obtaining several types of light emission (R, G, B) to the light emitting elements capable of obtaining three types of light emission (R, G, B), effects such as improvement in color purity and reduction in power consumption can be obtained. Can do. Alternatively, a light emitting device capable of full color display may be obtained by combining with a color filter. Note that as types of color filters, red (R), green (G), blue (B), cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow (Y), and the like can be used.

The FETs (309, 310, 311 and 312) and the light emitting element 317 over the first substrate 301 are bonded to each other by attaching the second substrate 306 and the first substrate 301 with the sealant 305. 301, the second substrate 306, and a structure provided in a space 318 surrounded by the sealant 305. Note that the space 318 may be filled with an inert gas (such as nitrogen or argon) or an organic substance (including the sealant 305).

As the sealant 305, an epoxy resin or glass frit can be used. Note that it is preferable to use a material that does not transmit moisture and oxygen as much as possible for the sealant 305.

As the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 306, in addition to a glass substrate or a quartz substrate, a plastic substrate made of FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Plastics), PVF (polyvinyl fluoride), polyester, acrylic, or the like can be used. . In addition, when using a glass frit as a sealing material, it is preferable to use a glass substrate from an adhesive viewpoint.

When an active matrix display panel is flexible, an FET and a light-emitting element may be directly formed over a flexible substrate, but the FET and the light-emitting element are formed over another substrate having a release layer. After the formation, the FET and the light-emitting element may be peeled off by a peeling layer by applying heat, force, laser irradiation, and transferred to a flexible substrate. Note that as the peeling layer, for example, a laminated inorganic film of a tungsten film and a silicon oxide film, an organic resin film such as polyimide, or the like can be used. In addition to the above-described flexible substrate materials that can form transistors, flexible substrates include paper substrates, cellophane substrates, aramid film substrates, polyimide film substrates, cloth substrates (natural fibers). (Silk, cotton, hemp), synthetic fibers (nylon, polyurethane, polyester) or recycled fibers (including acetate, cupra, rayon, recycled polyester), leather substrate, rubber substrate, and the like. By using these substrates, it is excellent in durability and heat resistance, and can be reduced in weight and thickness.

(Embodiment 3)
In this embodiment, a specific configuration example of the pixel 22 included in the pixel portion 23 (see FIG. 2) of the display panel 21 of the display portion 20 (see FIG. 1) included in the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention. Will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the pixel 22 illustrated in FIG. 11 includes a transistor (Tr12, Tr13), a capacitor (C12), and a light-emitting element (EL). Although the transistors (Tr12, Tr13) are n-channel type here, the polarity of the transistors can be changed as appropriate.

The gate of the transistor (Tr12) is electrically connected to the wiring (GL), and one of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor (Tr13) and one electrode of the capacitor (C12), The other of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the wiring (SL). One of a source and a drain of the transistor (Tr13) is electrically connected to the other electrode of the capacitor (C12) and one electrode of the light-emitting element (EL), and the other of the source and the drain has a potential (Va). It is electrically connected to the supplied wiring.

The other electrode of the light-emitting element (EL) is electrically connected to a wiring to which a potential (Vc) is supplied. A node electrically connected to one of the source and the drain of the transistor (Tr12), the gate of the transistor (Tr13), and one electrode of the capacitor (C12) is referred to as a node (N12). A node electrically connected to one of the source and the drain of the transistor (Tr13) and the other electrode of the capacitor (C12) is a node (N13).

Here, a case where the potential (Va) is a high power supply potential and the potential (Vc) is a low power supply potential will be described. Further, the capacitor C11 functions as a storage capacitor for holding the potential of the node N12.

The transistor (Tr12) has a function of controlling supply of the potential of the wiring (SL) to the node (N1). Specifically, by controlling the potential of the wiring (GL) to turn on the transistor (Tr12), the potential of the wiring (SL) corresponding to the image signal (corresponding to the image signal) is applied to the node (N12). Then, the pixel 22 is written. After that, the potential of the node (N12) is held by controlling the potential of the wiring (GL) to turn off the transistor (Tr12).

Then, the amount of current flowing between the source and drain of the transistor (Tr13) is controlled in accordance with the voltage between the nodes (N12, N13), and the light emitting element (EL) emits light with luminance corresponding to the amount of current. Thereby, the gradation of the pixel 22 can be controlled. Note that the transistor (Tr13) is preferably operated in a saturation region.

By sequentially performing the above operation for each wiring (GL), an image for the first frame can be displayed.

Note that a progressive method or an interlace method may be used for selection of the wiring (GL). Further, the supply of the image signal to the wiring (SL) may be performed using dot sequential driving that sequentially supplies the image signal to the wiring (SL), or the image signal is supplied to all the wirings (SL) at the same time. Alternatively, line sequential driving may be used. Further, the image signal may be supplied in order for each of the plurality of wirings (SL).

Thereafter, in the second frame period, an image is displayed by the same operation as that in the first frame period. Thereby, the image displayed on the pixel unit 23 is rewritten.

As a semiconductor used for the transistor included in the pixel 22, a Group 14 element such as silicon or germanium, a compound semiconductor such as gallium arsenide, an organic semiconductor, a metal oxide, or the like can be used. The semiconductor may be a non-single-crystal semiconductor (amorphous semiconductor, microcrystalline semiconductor, polycrystalline semiconductor, or the like) or a single-crystal semiconductor.

For example, as the transistor included in the pixel 22, a transistor including an amorphous semiconductor, particularly hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si: H) in a channel formation region can be used. Since a transistor using an amorphous semiconductor can easily cope with an increase in area of a substrate, a manufacturing process can be simplified.

Alternatively, a transistor including a metal oxide in a channel formation region, that is, an OS transistor can be used as the transistor included in the pixel 22. Since the OS transistor has an extremely low off-state current, an image signal can be held in the pixel 22 for a very long time when the OS transistor is used as the transistor (Tr11) or the transistor (Tr12). Thereby, the update frequency of the image signal can be set extremely low during a period in which the image displayed on the pixel unit 23 does not change or in a period in which the change is not more than a certain value. The frequency of updating the image signal can be set to, for example, not more than once every 0.1 seconds, or less than once per second, or less than once every 10 seconds. Further, the update frequency of the image signal can be set for each display panel 21.

Note that the structure described in this embodiment can be combined as appropriate with any of the structures described in the other embodiments.

(Embodiment 4)
In this embodiment, the display panel 21 of the display portion 20 (see FIG. 1) included in the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention includes transistors included in the pixel portion 23 (see FIG. 2) and the driver circuits 23 and 24. A specific configuration example will be described with reference to FIG.

The transistors illustrated in FIGS. 12A to 12E are OS transistors in which a metal oxide is used for the semiconductor layer 432. In the case where an OS transistor is used, the frequency of updating an image signal can be set extremely low during a period in which there is no change in the image or a period in which the change is less than or equal to a certain level, so that power consumption can be reduced.

In the transistor illustrated in FIG. 12A, an insulating layer 484 is provided over a channel formation region of the semiconductor layer 432. The insulating layer 484 functions as an etching stopper when the semiconductor layer 432 is etched.

In the transistor illustrated in FIG. 12B, the insulating layer 484 covers the semiconductor layer 432 and extends over the insulating layer 434. In this case, the conductive layer 433 a and the conductive layer 433 b are connected to the semiconductor layer 432 through an opening provided in the insulating layer 484.

The transistor illustrated in FIG. 12C includes an insulating layer 485 and a conductive layer 486. The insulating layer 485 is provided to cover the semiconductor layer 432, the conductive layer 433a, and the conductive layer 433b. The conductive layer 486 is provided over the insulating layer 485 and has a region overlapping with the semiconductor layer 432.

The conductive layer 486 is located on the side opposite to the conductive layer 431 with the semiconductor layer 432 interposed therebetween. In the case where the conductive layer 431 is a first gate electrode, the conductive layer 486 can function as a second gate electrode. By applying the same potential to the conductive layer 431 and the conductive layer 486, the on-state current of the transistor can be increased. Further, by applying a potential for controlling the threshold voltage to one of the conductive layers 431 and 486 and a potential for driving to the other, the threshold voltage of the transistor can be controlled.

The transistor illustrated in FIG. 12D is a top-gate transistor, and a conductive layer 431 functioning as a gate electrode is provided above the semiconductor layer 432 (on the side opposite to the formation surface). Further, an insulating layer 434 and a conductive layer 431 are stacked over the semiconductor layer 432. The insulating layer 482 is provided so as to cover the upper surface and side edges of the semiconductor layer 432 and the conductive layer 431. The conductive layer 433 a and the conductive layer 433 b are provided over the insulating layer 482. The conductive layers 433 a and 433 b are connected to the semiconductor layer 432 through openings provided in the insulating layer 482.

Note that although an example in which the insulating layer 434 does not exist in a portion that does not overlap with the conductive layer 431 is shown here, the insulating layer 434 may be provided so as to cover the upper surface and the side end portion of the semiconductor layer 432.

In the transistor illustrated in FIG. 12D, a physical distance between the conductive layer 431 and the conductive layer 433a or the conductive layer 433b can be easily separated; thus, parasitic capacitance between them can be reduced.

The transistor illustrated in FIG. 12E is different from that in FIG 12D in that it includes a conductive layer 487 and an insulating layer 488. The conductive layer 487 has a region overlapping with the semiconductor layer 432. The insulating layer 488 is provided so as to cover the conductive layer 487.

The conductive layer 487 functions as a second gate electrode. Therefore, it is possible to increase the on-current or control the threshold voltage.

Note that as illustrated in FIGS. 12D and 12E, the semiconductor layer 432 may include a region 432n. The region 432n has a region in contact with the insulating layer 482 containing nitrogen or hydrogen. Then, nitrogen or hydrogen in the insulating layer 482 is added to the region 432n, so that the region 432n is n-type. In this case, the region 432n functions as a source region or a drain region. Note that the concentration of nitrogen or hydrogen contained in the region 432n is higher than that of the channel formation region. In addition, the carrier density of the region 432n is higher than that of the channel formation region.

In addition, the semiconductor layer 432 may include a region 432j. The region 432j functions as a junction region between the channel formation region and the source region or the drain region. The concentration of nitrogen or hydrogen contained in the region 432j is lower than the region 432n and higher than the channel formation region. In addition, the carrier density of the region 432j is lower than that of the region 432n and higher than that of the channel formation region.

Note that as another structure, a transistor including a semiconductor containing silicon for the semiconductor layer 432 may be used. As the semiconductor containing silicon, hydrogenated amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or the like can be used, for example.

Note that the structure described in this embodiment can be combined as appropriate with any of the structures described in the other embodiments.

(Embodiment 5)
In this embodiment, an electronic device which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to drawings.

A display system which is one embodiment of the present invention can be mounted on the electronic devices exemplified below. Thereby, an electronic device capable of displaying a high-quality image can be provided.

The display portion of the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion of the electronic device exemplified below. Accordingly, an electronic device having a function of displaying an image using a plurality of display panels can be configured. The display panel included in the display portion of the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention may have flexibility. In this case, the electronic device exemplified below can be provided with a display portion having a curved surface.

Examples of electronic devices include relatively large screens such as television devices, desktop or notebook personal computers, monitors for computers, digital signage (digital signage), and large game machines such as pachinko machines. In addition to the electronic devices provided, a digital camera, a digital video camera, a digital photo frame, a mobile phone, a portable game machine, a portable information terminal, a sound reproduction device, and the like can be given.

The electronic device which is one embodiment of the present invention may include an antenna. By receiving a signal with an antenna, an image, information, or the like can be displayed on the display unit. In the case where the electronic device has an antenna and a secondary battery, the antenna may be used for non-contact power transmission.

An electronic device which is one embodiment of the present invention includes a sensor (force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, rotation speed, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, and current. , Voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, smell, or infrared measurement function).

An electronic device that is one embodiment of the present invention can have a variety of functions. For example, a function for displaying various information (still images, moving images, text images, etc.) on the display unit, a touch panel function, a function for displaying a calendar, date or time, a function for executing various software (programs), and wireless communication A function, a function of reading a program or data recorded on a recording medium, and the like can be provided.

FIG. 13A illustrates an example of a television device. In the television device 7100, a display portion 7000 is incorporated in a housing 7101. Here, a structure in which the housing 7101 is supported by a stand 7103 is shown.

The display portion of the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000.

The television device 7100 illustrated in FIG. 13A can be operated with an operation switch included in the housing 7101 or a separate remote controller 7111. Alternatively, the display unit 7000 may be provided with a touch sensor, and may be operated by touching the display unit 7000 with a finger or the like. The remote controller 7111 may include a display unit that displays information output from the remote controller 7111. Channels and volume can be operated with an operation key or a touch panel included in the remote controller 7111, and an image displayed on the display portion 7000 can be operated.

Note that the television device 7100 is provided with a receiver, a modem, and the like. A general television broadcast can be received by the receiver. In addition, by connecting to a wired or wireless communication network via a modem, information communication is performed in one direction (from the sender to the receiver) or in two directions (between the sender and the receiver or between the receivers). It is also possible.

FIG. 13B illustrates a laptop personal computer 7200. A laptop personal computer 7200 includes a housing 7211, a keyboard 7212, a pointing device 7213, an external connection port 7214, and the like. A display portion 7000 is incorporated in the housing 7211.

The display portion of the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000.

FIGS. 14A and 14B show examples of digital signage (digital signage).

A digital signage 7300 illustrated in FIG. 14A includes a housing 7301, a display portion 7000, a speaker 7303, and the like. Furthermore, an LED lamp, operation keys (including a power switch or an operation switch), a connection terminal, various sensors, a microphone, and the like can be provided.

FIG. 14B illustrates a digital signage 7400 attached to a columnar column 7401. The digital signage 7400 includes a display portion 7000 provided along the curved surface of the column 7401.

14A and 14B, the display portion of the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000.

The wider the display unit 7000, the more information can be provided at one time. In addition, the wider the display unit 7000, the more easily noticeable to the human eye. For example, the advertising effect can be enhanced.

By applying a touch panel to the display unit 7000, not only an image or a moving image is displayed on the display unit 7000, but also a user can operate intuitively, which is preferable. In addition, when it is used for providing information such as route information or traffic information, usability can be improved by an intuitive operation.

14A and 14B, the digital signage 7300 or the digital signage 7400 can be linked with the information terminal 7311 or the information terminal 7411 such as a smartphone possessed by the user by wireless communication. Is preferred. For example, advertisement information displayed on the display unit 7000 can be displayed on the screen of the information terminal 7311 or the information terminal 7411. Further, the display on the display unit 7000 can be switched by operating the information terminal 7311 or the information terminal 7411.

Further, the digital signage 7300 or the digital signage 7400 can execute a game using the screen of the information terminal 7311 or the information terminal 7411 as an operation means (controller). As a result, an unspecified number of users can participate and enjoy the game at the same time.

FIGS. 15A and 15B illustrate an example of a portable information terminal 7500 that can be folded. A foldable portable information terminal 7500 includes a housing 7511 and a bent portion 7512. A display portion 7000 is incorporated in the housing 7511. FIG. 15A shows a state where the portable information terminal 7500 is developed. FIG. 15B shows a state where the portable information terminal 7500 is folded. Although the portable information terminal 7500 has a large display portion 7000, it is compact and excellent in portability when folded.

The display portion 7000 can be folded in half by a bent portion 7512. The bent portion 7512 includes an extendable member and a plurality of support members. When the bent portion 7512 is folded, the extendable member extends, and the bent portion 7512 has a radius of curvature of 2 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more. It can be folded.

Note that the display portion of the display system which is one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000.

The display system according to one embodiment of the present invention can be incorporated along an inner wall or an outer wall of a house or a building, or a curved surface of an interior or exterior of a vehicle. FIG. 16 illustrates an example of mounting a display system according to one embodiment of the present invention on a vehicle.

FIG. 16 illustrates a configuration example of a vehicle including the display unit 5001. As the display portion 5001, the display portion of the display system according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used. Although FIG. 16 shows an example in which the display unit 5001 is mounted on a right-hand drive vehicle, the display portion 5001 is not particularly limited, and can be mounted on a left-hand drive vehicle. In this case, the left and right arrangements of the configuration shown in FIG. 16 are changed.

FIG. 16 shows a dashboard 5002, a handle 5003, a windshield 5004, and the like arranged around the driver's seat and the passenger seat. The display unit 5001 is disposed at a predetermined position on the dashboard 5002, specifically around the driver, and has a substantially T-shape. FIG. 16 shows an example in which one display portion 5001 formed using a plurality of display panels 5007 (display panels 5007a, 5007b, 5007c, and 5007d) is provided along the dashboard 5002. The part 5001 may be divided into a plurality of places.

Note that the plurality of display panels 5007 may have flexibility. In this case, the display portion 5001 can be processed into a complicated shape, and the display portion 5001 is displayed along a curved surface such as the dashboard 5002 or displayed on a connection portion of a handle, a display portion of an instrument, an air outlet 5006, or the like. A configuration in which the display area of the portion 5001 is not provided can be easily realized.

Further, a plurality of cameras 5005 for photographing the situation on the rear side may be provided outside the vehicle. Although FIG. 16 shows an example in which the camera 5005 is installed instead of the side mirror, both the side mirror and the camera may be installed.

As the camera 5005, a CCD camera, a CMOS camera, or the like can be used. In addition to these cameras, an infrared camera may be used in combination. Since the infrared camera has a higher output level as the temperature of the subject increases, it can detect or extract a living body such as a person or an animal.

Images captured by the camera 5005 can be output to any one or more of the display panels 5007. The display unit 5001 is mainly used to assist driving of the vehicle. By photographing the rear side situation with a wide angle of view by the camera 5005 and displaying the image on the display panel 5007, the driver's blind spot area can be visually recognized, and the occurrence of an accident can be prevented.

In addition, by using the display system according to one embodiment of the present invention, image discontinuity at a joint between the display panels 5007a, 5007b, 5007c, and 5007d can be compensated. As a result, it is possible to display an image where the joints are not conspicuous, and the visibility of the display unit 5001 during driving can be improved.

Further, a distance image sensor may be provided on the roof of a car, and an image obtained by the distance image sensor may be displayed on the display unit 5001. As the distance image sensor, an image sensor, a rider (LIDAR: Light Detection and Ranging), or the like can be used. By displaying the image obtained by the image sensor and the image obtained by the distance image sensor on the display unit 5001, more information can be provided to the driver and driving can be supported.

In addition, the display portion 5001 may have a function of displaying map information, traffic information, television video, DVD video, and the like. For example, the map information can be displayed in a large size using the display panels 5007a, 5007b, 5007c, and 5007d as one display screen. Note that the number of display panels 5007 can be increased in accordance with displayed images.

The images displayed on the display panels 5007a, 5007b, 5007c, and 5007d can be freely set according to the driver's preference. For example, a TV image and a DVD image are displayed on the left display panel 5007d, map information is displayed on the central display panel 5007b, instruments are displayed on the right display panel 5007c, and audio is displayed in the vicinity of the transmission gear. Display on the display panel 5007a (between the seat and the passenger seat). Further, by combining a plurality of display panels 5007, a fail-safe function can be added to the display portion 5001. For example, even if a certain display panel 5007 breaks down for some reason, the display area can be changed and display can be performed using another display panel 5007.

This embodiment can be combined with any of the structures described in the other embodiments as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Display system 20 Display part 21 Display panel 21a Display panel 21b Display panel 21c Display panel 21d Display panel 22 Pixel 23 Pixel part 24 Drive circuit 25 Drive circuit 30 Detection part 31 Synapse circuit (SC)
32 Neuron circuit (NC)
33 Input layer (IL)
34 Hidden layer (intermediate layer: HL)
35 Output layer (OL)
36 Hidden Synapse Circuit (HS)
37 Hidden neuron circuit (HN)
38 Output Synapse Circuit (OS)
39 Output neuron circuit (ON)
50 Neural network 51 Display area 52 Area 53 Area 54 FPC
55 Display Area 60 Power Supply Circuit 70 Signal Generation Unit 71 Front End Unit (FE)
72 Decoder (DEC)
73 Processing circuit (PC)
74 Receiver (RCV)
75 Interface (IF)
76 Control circuit (CTRL)
77 Correction circuit (CC)
80 arithmetic processing unit 200 register 210 scan chain register unit 211 register 212 selector 213 flip-flop circuit 214 holding circuit 215 memory circuit 216 memory circuit 220 register unit 221 register 222 latch circuit 223 MUX
301 First substrate 302 Pixel portion 303 Drive circuit portion (source line drive circuit)
304a, 304b Drive circuit section (gate line drive circuit)
305 Sealing material 306 Second substrate 307 Route wiring 308 FPC
309 FET
310 FET
311 FET
312 FET
313 First electrode 314 Insulator 315 EL layer 316 Second electrode 317 Light emitting element 318 Space 400 Display device 411 Substrate 412 Substrate 420 Liquid crystal element 421 Conductive layer 422 Liquid crystal 423 Conductive layer 424 Alignment film 426 Insulating layer 430 Transistor 431 Conductive layer 432 Semiconductor layer 432j Region 432n Region 432p Semiconductor layer 433 Conductive layer 434 Insulating layer 435 Impurity semiconductor layer 437 Semiconductor layer 438 Connection portion 439 Polarizing plate 441 Colored layer 442 Light shielding layer 460 Capacitance element 481 Insulating layer 482 Insulating layer 483 Insulating layer 484 Insulating layer 485 Insulating layer 486 Conductive layer 487 Conductive layer 488 Insulating layer 490 Backlight unit 900 Power supply circuit 901 Voltage generation circuit 902 Stabilization circuit 903 Operational amplifier 904, 905 Capacitance element 906 Transistor 907, 908 Resistive element Child 5001 Display unit 5002 Dashboard 5003 Handle 5004 Windshield 5004 Camera 5006 Blower port 5007 Display panel 7000 Display unit 7100 Television apparatus 7101 Case 7103 Stand 7111 Remote control device 7200 Notebook personal computer 7211 Case 7212 Keyboard 7213 Pointing device 7214 External connection port 7300 Digital signage 7301 Case 7303 Speaker 7311 Information terminal 7400 Digital signage 7401 Pillar 7411 Information terminal 7500 Portable information terminal 7511 Case 7512 Bending part

Claims (5)

A display unit, a detection unit, and a control unit;
The display unit has a plurality of display panels,
The control unit has at least a neural network,
The detection unit detects second data based on an image displayed by inputting the first data to the plurality of display panels;
The neural network outputs correction data based on the first data and the second data, and controls data input to the plurality of display panels based on the correction data. A display unit, a detection unit, and a control unit;
The display unit has a plurality of display panels,
The control unit has at least a neural network,
The detection unit detects second data based on an image displayed by inputting the first data to the plurality of display panels;
The neural network outputs correction data based on the first data and the second data,
The correction data corrects the first data and power supply voltage input to the plurality of display panels,
A display system, wherein data input to the plurality of display panels is controlled by the correction data. A display unit, a detection unit, and a control unit;
The display unit has a plurality of display panels,
The control unit has at least a neural network, a signal generation unit, and a power supply circuit,
The detection unit detects second data based on an image displayed by inputting the first data to the plurality of display panels;
The neural network outputs correction data based on the first data and the second data,
The correction data is third data input to the signal generation unit and fourth data input to the power supply circuit,
A display system, wherein data input to the plurality of display panels is controlled by the correction data. In claim 3,
The third data corrects the first data input to the plurality of display panels,
The display system according to claim 4, wherein the fourth data corrects a power supply voltage input to the plurality of display panels.   An electronic device in which the display system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is mounted.

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