JP2018193578A - 錫めっき付銅端子材及び端子並びに電線端末部構造 - Google Patents
錫めっき付銅端子材及び端子並びに電線端末部構造 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
腐食電流を低く抑えることができ、優れた防食効果を有する。
本実施形態の錫めっき付銅端子材1は、図2に全体を示したように、複数の端子を成形するための帯板状に形成されたフープ材であり、長さ方向に沿うキャリア部21に、端子として成形すべき複数の端子用部材22がキャリア部21の長さ方向に間隔をおいて配置され、各端子用部材22が細幅の連結部23を介してキャリア部21に連結されている。各端子用部材22は例えば図3に示すような端子10の形状に成形され、連結部23から切断されることにより、端子10として完成する。
図4は電線12に端子10をかしめた端末部構造を示しており、心線かしめ部13が電線12の心線12aに直接接触することになる。
下地層3は、厚さが0.1μm以上5.0μm以下で、ニッケル含有率は80質量%以上である。この下地層3は、基材2と中間亜鉛層4との密着性を高めるとともに、基材2から中間亜鉛層4や錫層5への銅の拡散を防止する機能があり、その厚みが0.1μm未満では銅の拡散を防止する効果に乏しく、5.0μmを超えるとプレス加工時に割れが生じ易い。下地層3の厚さは、0.3μm以上2.0μm以下がより好ましい。
基材2として、銅又は銅合金からなる板材を用意する。この板材に裁断、穴明け等の加工を施すことにより、図2に示すような、キャリア部21に複数の端子用部材22を連結部23を介して連結されてなるフープ材に成形する。そして、このフープ材に脱脂、酸洗等の処理をすることによって表面を清浄にした後、下地層3を形成するためのニッケル又はニッケル合金めっき、中間亜鉛層4を形成するための亜鉛合金めっき、錫層5を形成するための錫又は錫合金めっきをこの順序で施す。
端子10へのプレス曲げ性と銅に対するバリア性を勘案すると、スルファミン酸浴から得られる純ニッケルめっきが望ましい。
この表面金属亜鉛層6は、亜鉛めっき又は亜鉛合金めっき層中の亜鉛が錫めっき層を経由して表面に拡散することにより錫層5の表面に形成されるものである。この表面金属亜鉛層6を確実に形成するために、前述の実施形態の錫めっき付銅端子材1を熱処理してもよい。熱処理条件としては、30℃以上160℃以下の温度で30分以上60分以下の時間保持するとよい。
この表面金属亜鉛層6は、亜鉛濃度が5at%以上40at%以下で厚みがSiO2換算で1nm以上10nm以下であるとより好ましい。
なお、表面金属亜鉛層6の上には薄く酸化物層7が形成される。
・めっき浴組成
スルファミン酸ニッケル:300g/L
塩化ニッケル:5g/L
ホウ酸:30g/L
・浴温:45℃
・電流密度:5A/dm2
・硫酸亜鉛七水和物:250g/L
・硫酸ナトリウム:150g/L
・pH=1.2
・浴温:45℃
・電流密度:5A/dm2
・めっき浴組成
硫酸亜鉛七水和物:75g/L
硫酸ニッケル六水和物:180g/L
硫酸ナトリウム:140g/L
・pH=2.0
・浴温:45℃
・電流密度:5A/dm2
・めっき浴組成
硫酸錫(II):40g/L
硫酸亜鉛七水和物:5g/L
クエン酸三ナトリウム:65g/L
非イオン性界面活性剤:1g/L
・pH=5.0
・浴温:25℃
・電流密度:3A/dm2
・めっき浴組成
硫酸マンガン一水和物:110g/L
硫酸亜鉛七水和物:50g/L
クエン酸三ナトリウム:250g/L
・pH=5.3
・浴温:30℃
・電流密度:5A/dm2
・めっき浴組成
七モリブデン酸六アンモニウム(VI):1g/L
硫酸亜鉛七水和物:250g/L
クエン酸三ナトリウム:250g/L
・pH=5.3
・浴温:30℃
・電流密度:5A/dm2
・めっき浴組成
メタンスルホン酸錫:200g/L
メタンスルホン酸:100g/L
光沢剤
・浴温:35℃
・電流密度:5A/dm2
中間亜鉛層及び下地層の厚みは走査イオン顕微鏡により断面を観察することにより測定した。
解析範囲:10.0μm×50.0μm(測定範囲:10.0μm×50.0μm)
測定ステップ:0.1μm
取込時間:11msec/point
加速電圧:15kV
ビーム電流:約3.5nA
WD:15mm
パスエネルギー:187.85eV(Survey)、58.70eV(Narrow)
測定間隔:0.8eV/step(Survey)、0.125eV(Narrow)
試料面に対する光電子取り出し角:45deg
分析エリア:約800μmφ
腐食電流については、直径2mmの露出部を残し樹脂で被覆した純アルミニウム線と直径6mmの露出部を残し樹脂で被覆した試料とを距離1mmにて露出部を対向させて設置し、23℃、5質量%の食塩水中でアルミニウム線と試料との間に流れる腐食電流を測定した。腐食電流測定には北斗電工株式会社製無抵抗電流計HA1510を用い、試料を150℃で1時間加熱した後と加熱前との腐食電流を比較した。1000分間の平均電流値と、さらに長時間試験を実施した1000〜3000分間の平均電流値を比較した。
曲げ加工性については、試験片を圧延方向が長手となるように切出し、JISH3110に規定されるW曲げ試験治具を用い、圧延方向に対して直角方向となるように9.8×103Nの荷重で曲げ加工を施した。その後、実体顕微鏡にて観察を行った。曲げ加工性評価は、試験後の曲げ加工部に明確なクラックが認められないレベルを「優」と評価し、発生したクラックにより銅合金母材の露出が認められないレベルを「良」と評価し、発生したクラックにより銅合金母材が露出しているレベルを「不良」と評価した。
ウイスカ発生状況の評価については、1cm2□に切り出した平板状のサンプルを、55℃95%RHの条件で1000時間放置し、電子顕微鏡により、×100倍の倍率にて3視野を観察、その中で最も長いウイスカの長さを測定した。ウイスカの発生が認められなかったものを◎とし、ウイスカが発生しているもののその長さが50μm未満のものを○、ウイスカの長さが50μm以上100μm未満のものを△、ウイスカ長さが100μm以上のものを×とした。
接触抵抗の測定方法はJCBA−T323に準拠し、4端子接触抵抗試験機(山崎精機研究所製:CRS−113−AU)を用い、摺動式(1mm)で荷重0.98N時の接触抵抗を測定した。平板試料のめっき表面に対して測定を実施した。
これらの結果を表2に示す。
試料13〜16は基材と中間亜鉛層との間に、厚みが0.1μm以上5.0μm以下で、ニッケル含有率が80質量%以上の下地層が形成されているため、下地層を有しない試料1〜12より加熱後でも優れた電食防止効果を有している。
2 基材
3 下地層
4 中間亜鉛層
5 錫層
6 表面金属亜鉛層
10 端子
11 接続部
12 電線
12a 心線
12b 被覆部
13 心線かしめ部
14 被覆かしめ部
Claims (10)
- 銅又は銅合金からなる基材の上に亜鉛合金からなる中間亜鉛層と、錫又は錫合金からなる錫層とが順次積層された構造であって、前記中間亜鉛層の厚みが0.1μm以上5.0μm以下であり、前記錫層の全結晶粒界の長さに対して小傾角粒界が占める長さの比率が2%以上30%以下であることを特徴とする錫めっき付銅端子材。
- 腐食電位が銀塩化銀電極に対して−500mV以下−900mV以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の錫めっき付銅端子材。
- 前記中間亜鉛層が、添加元素としてニッケル、鉄、マンガン、モリブデン、コバルト、カドミウム、鉛のいずれかを1種以上含み、亜鉛の含有率が65質量%以上95質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の錫めっき付銅端子材。
- 前記錫層の平均結晶粒径が0.5μm以上8.0μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の錫めっき付銅端子材。
- 前記錫層の上に表面金属亜鉛層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の錫めっき付銅端子材。
- 前記表面金属亜鉛層は、亜鉛濃度が5at%以上40at%以下で厚みがSiO2換算で1nm以上10nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の錫めっき付銅端子材。
- 前記基材と前記中間亜鉛層との間に、ニッケル又はニッケル合金からなる下地層が形成されており、該下地層は、厚みが0.1μm以上5.0μm以下であり、ニッケル含有率が80質量%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の錫めっき付銅端子材。
- 帯板状に形成されるとともに、その長さ方向に沿うキャリア部に、プレス加工により端子に成形されるべき複数の端子用部材が前記キャリア部の長さ方向に間隔をおいて連結されていることを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の錫めっき付銅端子材。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の錫めっき付銅端子材からなることを特徴とする端子。
- 請求項9記載の端子がアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなる電線の端末に圧着されていることを特徴とする電線端末部構造。
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| PCT/JP2018/018747 WO2018212174A1 (ja) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-05-15 | 錫めっき付銅端子材及び端子並びに電線端末部構造 |
| CN201880030272.2A CN110603349B (zh) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-05-15 | 镀锡铜端子材、端子以及电线末端部结构 |
| KR1020197033429A KR102546861B1 (ko) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-05-15 | 주석 도금이 형성된 구리 단자재 및 단자 그리고 전선 단말부 구조 |
| EP18801262.9A EP3626863A4 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-05-15 | TINNED COPPER TERMINAL MATERIAL, TERMINAL AND POWER CABLE TERMINAL STRUCTURE |
| US16/612,812 US11264750B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-05-15 | Tin-plated copper terminal material, terminal, and electric-wire terminal structure |
| TW107116575A TWI765040B (zh) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-05-16 | 鍍錫銅端子材、端子及電線終端部構造 |
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| CN114932336B (zh) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-05-23 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | 一种铜磷锌锡焊片及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN116936155A (zh) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-10-24 | 嘉铝(上海)科技发展有限公司 | 一种光伏线缆用镀锡Al-Fe-Cu铝合金导体材料及其制备方法、应用 |
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| EP3626863A1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
| KR102546861B1 (ko) | 2023-06-22 |
| TW201907622A (zh) | 2019-02-16 |
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