JP2018192471A - マイクロ波プラズマ処理を使用した多相複合材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
マイクロ波プラズマ処理を使用した多相複合材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】均質溶液前駆体を使用して、液滴は狭い粒径分布で生成され、概して均一な熱経路によってマイクロ波プラズマトーチ中に噴射及び導入される。トーチ内での概して均一な熱経路は、軸対称高温域への液滴の層流での軸方向の噴射によって実現される。プラズマ内で、制御された滞留時間で高温に暴露されるときに、液滴は熱分解されて、ガスチャンバ内の制御された速度の排出ガスを用いてクエンチさせることによって、均一粒径及び均一熱履歴を有する粒子が得られ、多種多様の用途に使用できる。
【選択図】図1
Description
Claims (19)
- マイクロ波生成プラズマを使用して粒子を作製する方法であって、
a.水中の、有機溶媒中の、又は水及び有機溶媒の混合物中の塩溶液を調製するステップ、
b.供給噴射装置を使用して、前記塩溶液から前駆体液滴を生成するステップ、
c.前記前駆体液滴をマイクロ波プラズマトーチ中へ軸方向に導入するステップ、
d.マイクロ波生成プラズマに向かうガス流を使用して前記前駆体液滴を連行するステップ、
e.前記前駆体液滴を前記マイクロ波生成プラズマ内の高温に暴露するステップ、
f.前記マイクロ波プラズマ中での前記前駆体液滴の滞留時間を制御するステップ、
g.ガスチャンバ内で排出ガスのクエンチ速度を制御するステップ、
h.前記マイクロ波生成プラズマの排出ガスを濾過するステップ、及び
i.前記排出ガスから粒子を抽出するステップ
を含む方法。 - 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、水、有機溶媒又は水及び有機溶媒の混合物に酸をさらに添加することによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、少なくとも第1の溶液及び第2の溶液を組み合せることによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の溶液を、
水及び有機溶媒を混合すること、
酸を水に添加すること、又は
酸を水及び有機溶媒の混合物に添加すること
によって調製するステップをさらに含む、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記第2の溶液を、
少なくとも1つの塩を水に溶解させること、又は
少なくとも1つの塩を水及び有機溶媒の混合物に溶解させること
によって調製するステップをさらに含む、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の溶液を、
水及びエチレングリコールを混合すること、
クエン酸を水に添加すること、又は
クエン酸を水及びエチレングリコールの混合物に添加すること
によって調製するステップをさらに含む、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが水及び有機溶媒の混合物中で調製され、さらに有機溶媒をエタノール、メタノール、1−プロパノール、2−プロパノール、テトラヒドロフラン及びその組合せからなる群から選択する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ルビジウム及びその組合せなどのアルカリ金属の、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム及びその組合せなどのアルカリ土類金属の、スカンジウム、イットリウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、銅、亜鉛、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、モリブデン、テクネチウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、銀、カドミウム、ハフニウム、タンタル、タングステン、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム、白金及び金並びにその組合せなどの遷移金属の、アルミニウム、ガリウム、インジウム、スズ、タリウム、鉛、ビスマス及びその組合せなどのポスト遷移金属の、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、プロメチウム、サマリウム、ユーロピウム、ガドリニウム、テルビウム、ジスプロシウム、ホルミウム、エルビウム、タリウム、イッテルビウム、ルテチウム及びその組合せなどのランタノイドの、トリウムなどのアクチニドの、ホウ素、ケイ素、ゲルマニウム、ヒ素、アンチモン、テルル及びその組合せなどのメタロイドの、並びに炭素、リン、硫黄及びセレン並びにその組合せなどの非金属の、カチオンからなる群から塩を選択することによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、
アルミニウム、
イットリウム、スカンジウム及びその任意の組合せ、並びに
ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、プロメチウム、サマリウム、ユーロピウム、ガドリニウム、テルビウム、ジスプロシウム、ホルミウム、エルビウム、タリウム、イッテルビウム、ルテチウム及びその組合せからなる群から選択されるドーパント
のカチオンを含む塩を溶解させることによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、
アルミニウム、ジルコニウム、ケイ素、マグネシウム及びマンガン並びにその任意の組合せ又はランタノイドのセリウムのカチオンを含む塩を溶解し、並びに
パラジウム、白金、ニッケル、銀、金、ルテニウム、ロジウム、バナジウム、モリブデン、コバルト、タングステン及びその任意の組合せからなる群から選択される遷移金属又は非金属のリンをドーピングする
ことによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、マグネシウム及びイットリウムのカチオンを含む塩を溶解させることによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、マグネシウム及びアルミニウムのカチオンを含む塩を溶解させることによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、ランタン、マグネシウム、及びアルミニウムのカチオンを含む塩を溶解させることによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、
ジルコニウム、及び
イットリウム又はサマリウム、
のカチオンを含む塩を溶解させることによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 塩溶液を調製する前記ステップが、硝酸塩、酢酸塩、クエン酸塩、硫酸塩、炭酸塩、塩化物、リン酸塩、アルコキシド、アトラン、オルトケイ酸テトラエチル、金属ホウ化水素及びその組合せのアニオンからなる群から塩を選択することによって調製される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体液滴を連行する前記ステップが少なくとも2つの同軸層流を使用することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも2つの同軸層流を使用する前記ステップが、空気、酸素、アルゴン、メタン、アンモニア、窒素及びその組合せからなる群からガスを選択することによって調製される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- クエンチ速度を制御する前記ステップが、103ケルビン/秒(K/s)以上106K/s以下の速度を選択することによってさらに調整される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- クエンチ速度を制御する前記ステップが、制御可能な雰囲気を有するチャンバを選択することによる、請求項18に記載の方法。
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| CA2942322A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
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| JP6359633B2 (ja) | 2018-07-18 |
| JP2016521198A (ja) | 2016-07-21 |
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| CA3169580A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
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