JP2018189378A - Ground sample scanning method, ground sample specimen manufacturing method, soil sample soil testing method, and ground sample scanning device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent inadvertent disturbance due to handling of a ground sample by scanning the ground sample in an in-situ position, and to scan a long ground sample with an X-ray image. Provided are a method for producing a specimen, a method for testing the soil quality of a ground sample, and a scanning device for a ground sample. SOLUTION: A sampler penetration step 5 of penetrating a sampler into the ground and a ground sample formed by penetrating the sampler are placed in the soil or near the ground surface by using an imaging device provided either on the sampler or above the sampler. It is composed of a scanning step 7 of acquiring scan data of a long ground sample by taking an X-ray image with. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for scanning a ground sample in an in-situ ground, a ground sample scanning device, a method for producing a ground sample specimen using data scanned by these scanning methods or scanning devices, and the use of this specimen. The present invention relates to a soil test method for ground samples.

  Conventionally, in order to know the mechanical parameters of the ground until today, the core (ground sample) sampled at the original position is brought back and various laboratory tests are carried out using the brought-back core. In this take-out method, it is necessary to prepare many equivalent samples in order to know various mechanical parameters (various strength, deformation, water permeability, liquefaction characteristics, etc.). However, in this method, the microscopic structures described later often differ greatly between the cores that are actually collected, and it is difficult to say that they are equivalent samples. For this reason, the dynamic test using this has a drawback in that the result varies greatly due to the difference in the microscopic structure.

  Conventional ground sampling is intended to collect undisturbed samples at the in-situ ground first, then take them back to the laboratory, etc., and then carry out various laboratory tests. Rotate and press the sampler into the ground to the depth, and pull out the soil sample that has entered the sampler to the ground together with the sampler. (If non-sticky gravel ground is the target, freeze the ground beforehand or fill with a solidifying agent. It is necessary to pull out the sampler after it solidifies. Therefore, since the ground is composed of an aggregate of particles having various shapes (hereinafter referred to as “microscopic structure”), the conventional method has accumulated the particles with the same particle shape. It is inherently impossible to prepare multiple specimens with microscopic structures. Therefore, there is a problem that the above-described plurality of test results inevitably include a variation in results due to a difference in microscopic structure.

  In recent years, as a method for solving this problem, that is, a method for evaluating the variation in results caused by the difference in the microscopic structure, a plurality of "" restored microscopic structures using an X-ray CT scanning technique and a 3D printing technique have been developed. A method for evaluating mechanical properties using a “pseudo” specimen is shown (Non-patent Document 1).

  By using such a method, it is possible to prepare a plurality of specimens having the same microscopic structure, but when the ground sample extracted by the sampler is transported from the original position to the X-ray CT scan location. In addition, inadvertent disturbance due to the handling of the ground sample occurred during subsequent storage, etc., and the microscopic structure could be different from that of the ground sample sampled at the original position.

  Moreover, in the current sampling, it is necessary to cut the ground sample in the sampler using a core catcher etc. when it is dug to some extent (for example, about 1 m), and fry it to the ground each time. It was impossible to X-ray CT scan ground samples.

Satoshi Matsumura and Takaaki Mizutani, "Restoration of Microstructure of Ground and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties-Application of Reverse Engineering to Geotechnical Engineering", Proceedings of the 50th Geotechnical Research Conference, June 20, 2015 Day, p. 451-452 Special table 2011-525271 Special table 2013-515957

  In view of the conventional drawbacks as described above, the present invention can prevent inadvertent disturbance due to the handling of the ground sample by scanning the ground sample in the original position, and can perform X-ray photography of a long ground sample. It is an object of the present invention to provide a possible ground sample scanning method, a ground sample specimen production method, a ground sample soil test method, and a ground sample scanning device.

  In order to achieve the above object, a ground sample scanning method according to the present invention includes a sampler penetrating step of penetrating a sampler into the ground, and a ground sample formed by penetrating the sampler, either above the sampler or the sampler. And a scanning process in which X-ray imaging is performed in the soil or in the vicinity of the ground surface using a provided imaging device, and scan data of a long ground sample is acquired.

  The method for producing a specimen of a ground sample according to the present invention includes a sampler penetrating process for penetrating a sampler into the ground, and an imaging device provided with a ground sample formed by penetrating the sampler above either the sampler or the sampler. X-rays in the soil or near the ground using a scanning process to obtain scan data of a long ground sample, and from the scan data of the long ground sample acquired in the scanning process, And a specimen creation step of outputting a specimen having a reproduced structure in 3D.

  The soil sample soil test method of the present invention uses a sampler penetrating step for penetrating a sampler into the ground, and a grounding sample formed by penetrating the sampler provided on either the sampler or above the sampler. The X-ray image is taken in the soil or near the ground, and the microscopic structure of the ground sample is obtained from the scanning process of acquiring the scan data of the long ground sample and the scan data of the long ground sample acquired in the scanning process. It consists of a specimen preparation process for 3D output of the reproduced specimen and a soil test process for conducting a soil test on the specimen created in the specimen creation process.

  A ground sample scanning apparatus according to the present invention includes a boring machine installed on the ground surface, a rod rotatably attached to the boring machine, a sampler connected to the rod, and a sampler provided in the sampler. The X-ray image of the ground sample formed by the X-ray in the soil, and an imaging device for acquiring the scan data of the ground sample.

  Alternatively, the ground sample scanning device of the present invention includes a boring machine installed on the ground surface of the ground, a rod rotatably attached to the boring machine, a sampler connected to the rod, and a hole drilled by the sampler. It is provided with an imaging device that is provided in the vicinity of the site and that captures X-ray images of the ground sample in the vicinity of the ground surface when the ground sample formed by the sampler is pulled up from the ground, and acquires scan data of the ground sample.

As is clear from the above description, the present invention has the following effects.
(1) In each of the inventions described in claim 1, claim 8 and claim 9, since the ground sample is X-ray photographed in the soil or near the ground surface, and scan data of the ground sample is acquired, it is disturbed. It is possible to obtain scan data of a non-ground sample, and to store the obtained scan data semipermanently.
Therefore, the scan data of the target ground can be used in the future.
(2) Further, when taking an X-ray photograph, it is not necessary to cut the ground sample with a predetermined length, so that X-ray photography of a long ground sample can be performed.
Therefore, scan data of a long ground sample can be acquired.
(3) Each invention described in claim 2 and claim 3 can also obtain the same effect as the above (1) to (2), and raise the ground sample in order to X-ray the ground sample in the soil. It is also possible to prevent disturbance due to.
(4) In the inventions described in claims 4 and 5, the same effects as in the above (1) to (2) can be obtained.
(5) The invention described in claim 6 can obtain the same effects as the above (1) to (2), and can obtain and obtain a plurality of specimens having the same microscopic structure. Scan data can be stored semipermanently.
Therefore, a specimen having a microscopic structure equal to that of the target ground can be produced in the future.
In addition, since a plurality of specimens having the same microscopic structure can be obtained, variations caused by the microscopic structure can be evaluated.
(6) The invention described in claim 7 is capable of performing various soil tests using a plurality of specimens having the same microscopic structure. Engineering characteristics can be estimated without dealing with actual soil.
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost for testing and to add tests in the future.

1 to 4 are explanatory views showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
5 to 6 are explanatory views showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
7 to 8 are explanatory views showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
Process drawing of the scanning method of the ground sample of 1st Embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the scanning device of the ground sample of 1st Embodiment. Illustration of the sampler. Explanatory drawing of a specimen preparation process. Process drawing of the scanning method etc. of the ground sample of 2nd Embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the scanning device of the ground sample of 2nd Embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the scanning device of the ground sample of 3rd Embodiment. Illustration of the sampler.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
In the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a ground sample scanning method for acquiring scan data of the ground sample 2 at the original position. In addition, in this invention, an original position means the position of the ground surface vicinity which pulled up the ground sample 2 in the ground or the ground.

  As shown in FIG. 1, this ground sample scanning method 1 includes a ground drilling step 5 in which a drill 4 is formed with a sampler 3 having a shape capable of leaving the ground sample 2 on the ground, and the ground sample 2 is It comprises a scanning process 7 in which a plurality of X-ray images are taken in the circumferential direction of the ground sample 2 in the soil (in the ground) using the photographing device 6 provided in the sampler 3 and the scan data of the ground sample 2 is acquired. Yes.

  In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a ground sample scanning device 8 used in the ground sample scanning method 1 rotates a boring machine 9 installed on the ground surface of the ground and the boring machine 9. A rod 10 that can be attached, a sampler 3 that is connected to the rod 10 and has a shape that allows the ground sample 2 to remain on the ground, and is provided so as to be built in the sampler 3, and the ground sample 2 X-rays in the soil, and an imaging device 6 for acquiring the scan data.

The ground drilling process 5 is a process in which a boring machine 9 is installed on the ground on which the ground sample 2 is to be collected, and the drilling machine 4 is driven to form the drilling 4 with the sampler 3.
In this embodiment, the sampler 3 includes a double tubular casing rod 11 connected to the lower end portion of the rod 10 and a bit 12 provided at the lower end portion of the casing rod 11 via the photographing device 6. Has been.

  The bit 12 has a through-hole 13 in a substantially central portion, and the ground that has not been cut by the bit 12 when the hole 4 is drilled by the bit 12 passes through the through-hole 13 and the ground sample 2 (core ).

In this embodiment, every time the perforation 4 having a predetermined length (for example, a height that can be photographed by one photographing with the photographing device 6) is formed, the ground perforation process 5 (perforation work) is stopped, and the scanning process 7 is performed. Do.
The scanning step 7 is a step of performing X-ray imaging of the ground sample 2 by the imaging device 6 and acquiring the scan data.

  In this embodiment, after the drilling 4 having a predetermined length is formed, the ground drilling process 5 (drilling work) is stopped, and the scanning process 7 is performed in which X-ray imaging of the ground sample 2 is performed by the imaging device 6 to obtain scan data. (Alternatively, the ground drilling process 5 is performed intermittently). However, the scan process 7 may be performed continuously while the ground drilling process 5 (drilling work) is performed continuously to obtain scan data. .

  In this embodiment, the imaging device 6 is an X-ray CT scanning device formed in a substantially cylindrical shape in which a central hole 14 communicating with the through hole 13 of the bit 12 is formed, as shown in FIG. 6 includes an X-ray source 15, an X-ray detector 16, and a rotary table 17 necessary for the X-ray CT scan. In this embodiment, the center hole 14 is formed to have a slightly larger diameter than the inner diameter of the through hole 13 of the bit 12 and the tube inside the casing rod 11, and communicates with these. , Located in the casing rod 11.

In the case of performing the scanning process 7 in this embodiment, the rotation of the rod 10 and the sampler 3 is stopped, and then only the rotary table 17 is rotated in the circumferential direction of the ground sample 2, for example, 36 X-rays per 360 degrees. A photograph is taken and scan data of the ground sample 2 is acquired.
Note that the number of radiographs taken can be changed as appropriate (for example, 10 to 360), and is not limited to 36.

This scan data is stored in a storage device (not shown).
By analyzing the scan data acquired in the scanning step 7 and identifying (segmenting) each particle on the image, information on the microscopic structure can be obtained.
The casing rod 11 is formed in a double tubular shape in this embodiment, and the inner diameter of the inner tube is substantially the same as the through hole 13 of the bit 12 and communicates with the central hole 14 of the photographing device 6. The ground sample 2 that remains in the soil by twelve drilling operations and is then photographed by the photographing device 6 is housed in the interior between the insides. When the ground sample 2 is longer than the casing rod 11, the casing sample 11 may be added to protect the ground sample 2.
The ground sample 2 photographed by the photographing device 6 may be spilled and removed after photographing, but it is desirable to perform a ground sample collecting step after the photographing and collect the ground sample 2 and store it.

  In the case of storage, after performing the scanning step 7, the ground sample 2 is cut into a predetermined length and stored.

The specimen production method 18 of the present invention uses a scan data acquired in the scan process 7 in addition to the process performed in the ground sample scan method 1 described above, and uses a three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus (so-called 3D printer or the like) 24. The specimen 19 which reproduces the microscopic structure of the ground sample 2 using 3 is output in 3D, and the specimen 19 of the ground sample is produced.
When performing this specimen preparation process 20, after analyzing the scan data as described above as necessary, the analysis data is input to the three-dimensional additive manufacturing apparatus 24, and the specimen 19 is output in 3D. .

In the soil test method 21 of the present invention, a soil test step 22 for performing a soil test on the specimen 19 output in 3D in the specimen creation step 20 of the specimen production method 18 is further performed.
By using such a pseudo specimen 17, it is possible to prepare as many microscopic structure equivalent specimens as necessary, and various tests can be performed without using the actual ground sample 2 (core). Can be used.

  Moreover, since digital data can be stored semipermanently, it will be possible to add tests in the future.

By the way, the specimen 19 output in 3D in the specimen preparation step 20 is usually formed of a resin, so that its properties are different from the particles constituting the ground sample 2, but the strength deformation test (triaxial compression test, liquid The results of soil tests such as water permeability tests, etc. are more influenced by the microscopic structure (particle size distribution, particle shape characteristics, etc.) than the physical characteristics of the particles constituting the ground sample 2 Therefore, if the microscopic structure is reproduced, an effective measurement result can be obtained.
In addition, the consistency between the specimen 19 and the ground sample 2 can be confirmed by performing the same test between the sample of the ground specimen 2 actually collected and the specimen created in the specimen preparation step.

  In addition, in the soil test method of the present invention in this way, in order to create a specimen by the above-described specimen production method and perform a soil test on the specimen, for example, a solidified material such as loose gravel ground is used. Even if it is necessary to sample the ground once it has been solidified, it can reproduce only the microscopic structure of the ground, eliminating the influence of the solidified material on the mechanical properties A test can be performed.

[Different forms for carrying out the invention]
Next, different modes for carrying out the present invention shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 will be described. In the description of the different embodiments for carrying out the present invention, the same components as those in the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
The second embodiment for carrying out the present invention shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 6 is mainly different from the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention in that the photographing device 6 is positioned above the photographing and the perforation 4. When the ground sample 2 is pulled up to the ground surface using the ground sample scanning device 8A installed near the upper end (hole opening) of the earth, the ground sample 2 is X-rayed near the ground surface every time the predetermined length is pulled up. The ground sample scanning method 1A for performing the scanning step 7A for acquiring the scan data of the ground sample of the scale is the same as the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention even with such a configuration. Is obtained.

  A specimen is prepared by the ground sample specimen production method 18A using the scan data obtained by performing the scanning step 7A in this manner, and the soil specimen soil test method 21A is performed using the specimen 19. be able to.

  In the present embodiment, the sampler 3A in which the bit 12 is directly connected to the lower end portion of the casing rod 11 is used, and the ground drilling step 5 is performed in the same manner as the conventional sampling method until the ground sample 2 is pulled up to the ground surface. .

  When the ground sample 2 is pulled up to the ground surface, it is pulled up to the upper part of the perforation 4 by a length that can be photographed by the photographing device 6, and then the casing rod 11 at the place is removed, and X-ray photographing is performed to obtain scan data. . After acquiring the scan data, the ground sample 2 is appropriately cut and protected so that the microscopic structure of the cut ground sample 2 is not disturbed, and then the ground sample 2 in the soil is pulled up and the same process is performed.

  By acquiring scan data in this way, scan data of a long ground sample can be acquired.

  In the ground sample scanning method 1 as in the present embodiment, the ground sample 2 is only slightly burdened when pulled up, and the scan data can be acquired without causing disturbance in the microscopic structure.

By the way, the scanning process 7A is good also as what acquires a scan data of a long ground sample by carrying out X-ray imaging continuously, when raising the ground sample 2 to the ground surface.
Further, in the present embodiment, the imaging device 6 is installed at the hole portion (the ground surface) which is the upper end portion of the perforation, and X-ray imaging is performed. The imaging device 6 may be installed in this recess, or the imaging device 6 may be installed so as to be located in the soil above the sampler 3.

The third embodiment for carrying out the present invention shown in FIGS. 7 to 8 is mainly different from the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention in that a single tubular casing rod 11A is used and this casing is used. Such a scanning device 8B is obtained by using a ground sample scanning device 8B using a sampler 3B provided with a second bit 23 for digging the ground sample 2 that has passed through the imaging device 6 inside the rod 11A. The same effects as those in the first embodiment can be obtained.
Even using such a scanning device 8B, the same ground sample scanning method 1, ground sample specimen production method 18 and ground sample soil test method 21 as in the first embodiment and the like can be performed. .

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the X-ray imaging is performed with the imaging device provided near the upper end of the sampler or the perforation. However, for example, the imaging device is installed on the middle of the perforation above the sampler. Alternatively, an X-ray image of the ground sample may be taken by providing an imaging device so as to be movable in the vertical direction above the sampler and within the perforation.

The present invention is used in the industry of sampling for obtaining ground physical property information.

1, 1A: Method of scanning ground sample,
2: Ground sample, 3, 3A, 3B: Sampler,
4: Drilling, 5: Sampler penetration process,
6: photographing apparatus, 7, 7A: scanning process,
8, 8A, 8B: Ground sample scanning device,
9: Boring machine, 10: Rod,
11, 11A: casing rod, 12: bit,
13: Through hole, 14: Center hole,
15: X-ray source, 16: X-ray detector,
17: Rotary table 18, 18A: Production method of specimen
19: specimen, 20: specimen preparation process,
21, 21A: soil test method, 22: soil test process,
23: 2nd bit, 24: 3D printer.

Claims (9)

A sampler penetration process that penetrates the sampler into the ground, and a ground sample formed by the penetration of the sampler is X-rayed in the soil or near the ground surface using an imaging device provided either above the sampler or the sampler. A method for scanning a ground sample, comprising: a scan step for acquiring scan data of a long ground sample. The imaging apparatus is provided in the sampler, and in the scanning step, every time a predetermined length is drilled by the sampler, the ground sample is X-rayed in the soil to obtain scan data of the long ground sample. The ground sample scanning method according to claim 1, wherein the ground sample is scanned. The imaging apparatus is provided in the sampler, and in the scanning step, the ground sample is continuously X-rayed in the soil while being drilled by the sampler, and scan data of a long ground sample is obtained. The ground sample scanning method according to claim 1. The imaging device is provided in the vicinity of the upper end of the perforation formed by the sampler. In the scanning process, when the ground sample is pulled up from the perforation, the ground sample is X-rayed near the ground surface every time the predetermined length is pulled up. The ground sample scanning method according to claim 1, wherein scan data of the ground sample is acquired. The imaging device is provided near the upper end of the drill hole formed by the sampler. In the scanning process, when the ground sample is pulled up from the drill hole, the ground sample is continuously X-rayed near the ground surface, 2. The ground sample scanning method according to claim 1, wherein scan data is acquired. A sampler penetration process that penetrates the sampler into the ground, and a ground sample formed by the penetration of the sampler is X-rayed in the soil or near the ground surface using an imaging device provided either above the sampler or the sampler. , A scanning process for acquiring scan data of a long ground sample, and a specimen preparation for 3D output of a specimen that reproduces the microscopic structure of the ground sample from the scan data of the long ground sample acquired in the scanning process A method for producing a specimen of a ground sample composed of a process. A sampler penetration process that penetrates the sampler into the ground, and a ground sample formed by the penetration of the sampler is X-rayed in the soil or near the ground surface using an imaging device provided either above the sampler or the sampler. , A scanning process for acquiring scan data of a long ground sample, and a specimen preparation for 3D output of a specimen that reproduces the microscopic structure of the ground sample from the scan data of the long ground sample acquired in the scanning process A soil test method for a ground sample comprising a step and a soil test step for conducting a soil test on the specimen created in the specimen creation step. A boring machine installed on the ground surface of the ground, a rod rotatably attached to the boring machine, a sampler connected to the rod, and a ground sample formed by the sampler provided in the sampler in the soil X A ground sample scanning device composed of a radiographing device and an imaging device for acquiring scan data of the ground sample. A boring machine installed on the ground surface of the ground, a rod rotatably attached to the boring machine, a sampler connected to the rod, and provided near a portion drilled by the sampler, and formed by the sampler A ground sample scanning device comprising: an imaging device that obtains scan data of a ground sample by taking an X-ray image of the ground sample near the ground surface when the ground sample is pulled up from the ground.

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