JP2018188055A - Lighting device and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting device and a vehicle capable of adjusting the transmittance of light incident on a room and uniformly irradiating the room with illumination light. SOLUTION: A lighting device 1 is arranged on one surface side of a dimming member 10 for adjusting the transmission rate of incident light and a dimming member 10, and a first surface 32b on the opposite side of the dimming member 10. A light emitting surface is provided at least in a part thereof, and an incoming light surface 32a is provided on a surface intersecting with the first surface 32b, and a light guide member 32 for emitting light incident from the light incoming surface 32a from the light emitting surface and a light guide member. A first low refractive index layer that is arranged between the light guide member 32 and the dimming member 10 and has a lower refractive index than the light guide member 32. With 34. [Selection diagram] Fig. 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device and a vehicle.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a vehicle in which a roof window is provided on a ceiling portion, and a light control member is attached to the roof window so that the amount of external light transmitted can be adjusted (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
As described above, when the light control member is attached to the roof window, the amount of transmitted external light can be adjusted as appropriate, so that the passenger can adjust the amount of transmitted light in the room according to preference.

JP-A-7-81425

On the other hand, a vehicle interior light is generally attached to a central portion of a ceiling in a vehicle interior. As described above, when the roof window using the dimming member is provided on the ceiling of the vehicle, the arrangement position of the room lights is limited. When the arrangement position of the indoor lamp is limited, it may be difficult to provide the indoor lamp at a place where the room can be illuminated uniformly. Further, there may be a case where it is not possible to sufficiently illuminate a necessary part in the room.
An object of the present invention is to provide a lighting device and a vehicle that can adjust the transmittance of light incident on a room and can uniformly irradiate the room with illumination light.

  Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

(1) a light control member for adjusting the transmittance of incident light;
A light exit surface is provided on at least a part of the first surface opposite to the light control member, and a light incident surface is provided on a surface intersecting the first surface. A light guide member that emits light incident from the light incident surface from the light exit surface;
A light source unit that makes light incident on the light incident surface provided in the light guide member;
A first low refractive index layer disposed between the light guide member and the light control member and having a lower refractive index than the light guide member;
A lighting device comprising:

(2) In (1),
The light guide member has a larger light output amount to the first surface side than a light output amount to the second surface side which is the light control member side,
A lighting device characterized by the above.

(3) In (1) or (2),
The light control member is
A liquid crystal layer;
A transparent electrode layer disposed on at least one side of the liquid crystal layer;
A power supply unit for applying a voltage to the transparent electrode layer,
A lighting device characterized by the above.

(4) In (3),
The liquid crystal layer contains a dichroic dye;
A lighting device characterized by the above.

(5) In any one of (1) to (4),
A second low refractive index layer having a refractive index lower than that of the light guide member on the light exit surface side of the light guide member;
A lighting device characterized by the above.

  (6) A vehicle in which the illumination device according to any one of (1) to (5) is arranged on a roof window so that the light exit surface of the light guide member faces the indoor side.

  While adjusting the transmittance of light incident on the room, the illumination light can be evenly applied to the room.

It is a figure which shows the room | chamber interior of the vehicle 110 provided with the roof window 100 to which the illuminating device 1 of 1st Embodiment was attached. 1 is a block diagram of a lighting device 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an illumination unit 2 disposed in a roof window 100. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the light control member 10. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of the light control member 10. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of a control unit 50. It is sectional drawing which showed 30 A of surface light source parts of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which showed the surface light source part 30B of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the optical path of the surface light source part 30B of 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which showed surface light source part 30C of 4th Embodiment.

(First embodiment)
(vehicle)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an interior of a vehicle 110 including a roof window 100 to which the lighting device 1 according to the first embodiment is attached.
The vehicle 110 is provided with a roof window 100 so as to cover the passenger's head, and the lighting device 1 of the present embodiment is disposed over the entire surface of the roof window 100 on the indoor side.
However, in the present invention, the mounting position of the lighting device 1 is not limited to the roof window 100 of the vehicle. For example, other windows in the vehicle, other than the vehicle, for example, a shop show window, a house window, etc. It may be.

(Roof window)
The roof window 100 is a transparent plate material disposed in an opening provided in the vehicle roof.
The roof window 100 is formed of so-called laminated glass that is configured by sandwiching an intermediate layer between two plate glasses.
As the plate glass used for the roof window 100, various materials applicable to this type of laminated glass can be widely applied, and examples thereof include transparent inorganic glass and organic glass.
As the inorganic glass, soda lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, and the like are used without particular limitation. Of these, soda lime glass is particularly preferred. The method of forming the inorganic glass is not particularly limited, but for example, a float plate glass formed by a float method or the like is preferable.
Examples of the organic glass include polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, aromatic polyester resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyarylate resin, vinyl chloride resin, and acrylic urethane resin. Among these, polycarbonate resin is more preferable. In addition, you may make it plate glass contain 2 or more types of above resins.

  For the intermediate layer, various materials applied to this type of laminated glass can be widely applied. For example, resins such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) are used as organic materials. What is used is used. In addition, you may add an ultraviolet absorber, antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a light stabilizer, an adhesion regulator etc. to an intermediate | middle layer suitably. In particular, it is more preferable to add an ultraviolet absorber to the resin for the interlayer film because it can block ultraviolet rays.

(Lighting device)
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the lighting device 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the illumination unit 2 disposed in the roof window 100.
As shown in FIG. 2, the illumination device 1 includes an illumination unit 2 in which the light control member 10 and the surface light source unit 30 are stacked, an external photometry unit 40, an indoor photometry unit 41, a control unit 50, and a switch 60. Is provided.
As shown in FIG. 3, the illumination unit 2 is affixed to the indoor side surface of the roof window 100 with a bonding material 101. Here, the surface of the lighting unit 2 on the light control member 10 side is attached to the roof window 100.
The bonding material 101 is a transparent adhesive or adhesive that attaches the illumination unit 2 to the roof window 100. For example, an optical adhesive such as OCA (Optical Clear Adhesive Film) or OCR (Optical Clear Resin) is used. Can do.
(Light control member)
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the light control member 10.
The light control member 10 is a film-like member that controls transmitted light using liquid crystal disposed over the entire surface of the roof window 100, and the liquid crystal cell is formed by the first linear polarizing plate 2 and the second linear polarizing plate 3. 4 is configured.

(Linear polarizing plate)
The first linearly polarizing plate 2 and the second linearly polarizing plate 3 are not particularly limited as long as they include a polarizer, and may have a polarizing plate protective film on one side or both sides of the polarizer. .
For example, a polarizer is formed by immersing a film made of a hydrophilic polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in an aqueous solution containing iodine, which is a dichroic dye, to form a complex of polyvinyl alcohol and iodine. And a polarizer made of a polyene oriented by treating a plastic film such as polyvinyl chloride.
In addition, when a dichroic dye is used as a dichroic dye instead of iodine, azo dyes, stilbene dyes, methine dyes, cyanine dyes, pyrazolone dyes, triphenylmethane dyes are used as dichroic dyes. Quinoline dyes, oxazine dyes, thiazine dyes, anthraquinone dyes and the like are used.

  The above polarizing plate protective film is not particularly limited as long as it can protect the above-mentioned polarizer and has desired transparency. Examples of the material for the polarizing plate protective film include acetyl cellulose resin, cycloolefin resin, polyether sulfone resin, amorphous polyolefin, modified acrylic polymer, polystyrene, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, and polyamide. Resin, polyimide resin, polyester resin, etc., thermosetting resin such as acrylic resin, urethane resin, acrylic urethane resin, epoxy resin, and silicone resin, or ultraviolet curable resin can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use an acetyl cellulose resin, a cycloolefin resin, or an acrylic resin as the above-described resin material. Among these, triacetyl cellulose (TAC) which is an acetyl cellulose resin is particularly preferable.

  The 1st linearly-polarizing plate 2 and the 2nd linearly-polarizing plate 3 are arrange | positioned at the liquid crystal cell 4 by the adhesive layer by acrylic type transparent adhesive resin etc. by cross Nicol arrangement | positioning. The first linear polarizing plate 2 and the second linear polarizing plate 3 are provided with retardation films 2A and 3A for optical compensation on the liquid crystal cell 4 side, respectively. However, the retardation films 2A and 3A are necessary. It may be omitted accordingly. Further, instead of the crossed Nicol arrangement, a parallel Nicol arrangement may be used.

In addition, you may apply to each linearly-polarizing plate 2 and 3 the E-type linearly-polarizing plate formed with the coating film comprised from the dichroic organic pigment | dye which expresses optical anisotropy in the orthogonal | vertical direction. . Thereby, the total thickness of the light control member 10 can be made thinner.
In this case, each linearly polarizing plate has liquid crystal on the liquid crystal layer 8 side of the base material 15 of the first laminated body 5U and the liquid crystal layer 8 side of the base material 6 of the second laminated body 5D. It is desirable to arrange the layers 8 so as to sandwich them. As will be described later, the base materials 6 and 15 are desired to have small optical anisotropy, but by arranging the E-type linear polarizing plate as described above, the transmitted light is variously polarized in the base material. However, since it is possible to prevent any influence on the transmitted light of the liquid crystal layer, it is possible to use a highly versatile transparent resin film such as a PET film for the base materials 6 and 15. .

(Liquid crystal cell)
The liquid crystal cell 4 is configured by sandwiching a liquid crystal layer 8 between a film-like first laminate 5U and a second laminate 5D.

(1st laminated body, 2nd laminated body)
The second stacked body 5D is formed by stacking the second transparent electrode 11, the second alignment layer 13, and the bead spacer 12 on the second base material 6.
The first stacked body 5 </ b> U is formed by stacking the first transparent electrode 16 and the first alignment layer 17 on the first base material 15.

(Base material)
Various transparent resin films can be applied to the first base material 15 and the second base material 6, but the optical anisotropy is small, and the transmittance at a visible wavelength (380 to 800 nm) is 80%. It is desirable to apply the transparent resin film as described above.
Examples of the material for the transparent resin film include acetyl cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP). Polyolefin resins such as polystyrene, polymethylpentene, EVA, vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins, polysulfone (PEF), polyethersulfone (PES), polycarbonate ( PC), polysulfone, polyether (PE), polyether ketone (PEK), (meth) acrylonitrile, cycloolefin polymer (COP), cycloolefin copolymer and the like can be mentioned.
In particular, resins such as polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin polymer (COP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are preferable.
In particular, when each substrate is disposed between polarizing plates as in the present embodiment, it is preferable to use a resin such as PC or COP having a small in-plane retardation. Here, the in-plane retardation is preferably 15 nm or less, and more preferably 10 nm or less.
Even when using a liquid crystal cell such as a guest-host method in which a polarizing plate is not used, the polarization is biased due to the influence of the orientation direction of the liquid crystal and the dye (dichroic dye) on the surface of each substrate. In order not to cause it, the in-plane retardation of each substrate is preferably 50 nm or less, more preferably 15 nm or less, and even more preferably 10 nm or less.
In the present embodiment, a polycarbonate film having a thickness of 100 μm is applied to the first substrate 15 and the second substrate 6, but transparent resin films having various thicknesses can be applied.

(Transparent electrode)
The 1st transparent electrode 16 and the 2nd transparent electrode 11 are comprised from the transparent conductive film laminated | stacked on the said transparent resin film and a transparent resin film.
As the transparent conductive film, various transparent electrode materials applied to this type of transparent resin film can be applied, and examples thereof include a transparent metal thin film having an oxide-based total light transmittance of 50% or more. . For example, a tin oxide system, an indium oxide system, and a zinc oxide system are mentioned.

Examples of the tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) system include Nesa (tin oxide SnO ₂ ), ATO (Antimony Tin Oxide), and fluorine-doped tin oxide.
Examples of indium oxide (In ₂ O ₃ ) include indium oxide, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), and IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide).
Examples of the zinc oxide (ZnO) system include zinc oxide, AZO (aluminum doped zinc oxide), and gallium doped zinc oxide.
In the present embodiment, the transparent conductive film is formed of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide).

(Spacer)
In the present embodiment, a spherical bead spacer 12 is used as the spacer. The bead spacer 12 is provided to define the thickness (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer 8. The bead spacer 12 can be widely applied to a configuration of an inorganic material such as silica, a configuration of an organic material, a configuration of a core-shell structure combining these, and the like. Moreover, you may comprise by the rod shape by cylindrical shape, prismatic shape, etc. other than the structure by spherical shape. The bead spacer 12 may be disposed not only in the region surrounded by the sealing material 19 of the liquid crystal cell 4 but also at a position overlapping the sealing material 19 or outside the sealing material 19 of the liquid crystal cell 4. When the bead spacer 12 is provided at a position overlapping the sealing material 19, the cell gap can be made uniform even at the sealing portion, and when the bead spacer 12 is provided outside the sealing material 19 of the liquid crystal cell 4, the transparent electrodes contact each other. Can be prevented.
However, the member that defines the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 8 is not limited to the bead spacer 12. For example, the liquid crystal layer 8 may be formed into a cylindrical shape by applying a photoresist to the first base material 15 side, exposing, and developing. .
In the above description, the example in which the spacer is provided in the second stacked body 5D has been described. However, the spacer is not limited thereto, and both the first stacked body 5U and the second stacked body 5D, or the first You may make it provide only in 1 laminated body 5U.

(Orientation layer)
The first alignment layer 17 and the second alignment layer 13 are formed of a photo-alignment layer. As the photo-alignment material applicable to the photo-alignment layer, various materials to which the photo-alignment technique can be applied can be widely applied, for example, photodecomposition type, photodimerization type, photoisomerization type, and the like. it can.
In this embodiment, a light dimerization type material is used. Examples of the photodimerization type material include cinnamate, coumarin, benzylidenephthalimidine, benzylideneacetophenone, diphenylacetylene, stilbazole, uracil, quinolinone, maleimide, or a polymer having a cinnamilidene acetic acid derivative. Among them, a polymer having one or both of cinnamate and coumarin is preferably used in that the orientation regulating force is good. Specific examples of such a photodimerization type material include compounds described in, for example, JP-A-9-118717, JP-T-10-506420, JP-T2003-505561, and WO2010 / 150748. Can be mentioned.
In addition, it may replace with a photo-alignment layer, an alignment layer may be produced by a rubbing process, and an alignment layer may be produced by shaping a fine line-shaped uneven | corrugated shape.

(Liquid crystal layer)
Various liquid crystal materials applicable to this kind of light control member 10 can be widely applied to the liquid crystal layer 8. Specifically, a nematic liquid crystal compound, a smectic liquid crystal compound, and a cholesteric liquid crystal compound can be applied to the liquid crystal layer 8 as a liquid crystal compound having no polymerizable functional group.
Examples of nematic liquid crystal compounds include biphenyl compounds, terphenyl compounds, phenylcyclohexyl compounds, biphenylcyclohexyl compounds, phenylbicyclohexyl compounds, trifluoro compounds, phenyl benzoate compounds, and cyclohexyl phenylbenzoate compounds. , Phenylbenzoic acid phenyl compounds, bicyclohexyl carboxylic acid phenyl compounds, azomethine compounds, azo compounds, azooxy compounds, stilbene compounds, tolan compounds, ester compounds, bicyclohexyl compounds, phenyl pyrimidine compounds , Biphenylpyrimidine compounds, pyrimidine compounds, and biphenylethyne compounds.

Examples of smectic liquid crystal compounds include ferroelectric polymer liquid crystal compounds such as polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polychloroacrylate, polyoxirane, polysiloxane, and polyester.
Examples of the cholesteric liquid crystal compound include cholesteryl linoleate, cholesteryl oleate, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, and polypeptides.

  An AC voltage whose polarity is switched at a predetermined cycle is applied to the light control member 10 by the power supply unit 20 to the first transparent electrode 16 and the second transparent electrode 11, and an electric field is formed in the liquid crystal layer 8 by the AC voltage. . The electric field controls the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules provided in the liquid crystal layer 8 and the transmittance.

For the alignment control of the liquid crystal layer 8 in the light control member 10 of the embodiment, a VA method (Virtual Alignment, vertical alignment type) is applied. In the VA method, an alignment film having an alignment regulating force is provided on a transparent electrode formed on a substrate in the vertical direction, and the liquid crystal layer 8 is sandwiched between the upper and lower substrates.
In the VA method, when no electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 8 are vertically aligned, so that when the linearly polarizing plate is in a crossed Nicol arrangement, the light control member 10 blocks the incident light and is in a light shielding state. By applying this electric field, the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer 8 is horizontally aligned, and the light control member 10 transmits incident light and enters a transmissive state.
As in the VA method, a light control mode in which a light is blocked when no electric field is applied and a light is transmitted when an electric field is applied is referred to as a normally black mode.
Alternatively, the linearly polarizing plate may be arranged in a parallel Nicol arrangement so as to be in a so-called normally white mode in which a transparent state is obtained when no electric field is applied and a light-shielding state is obtained when an electric field is applied.
From the viewpoint of improving the contrast of the light control member 10, the normally white mode is more preferable.

  However, instead of the VA method, various drive methods such as a TN (Twisted Nematic) method, an IPS (In Plane Switching) method, and a GH (Guest Host) method may be applied.

  Here, the TN system has a configuration in which an alignment film subjected to a rubbing process or the like in which the alignment direction is different by 90 ° is attached on a transparent electrode formed on a substrate, and the liquid crystal layer 8 is sandwiched between the upper and lower substrates. Due to the alignment regulating force of the alignment film, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the alignment direction of the alignment film, and other liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the liquid crystal molecules, so that the direction of the liquid crystal molecules is aligned 90 degrees. A polarizing plate is disposed outside the upper and lower substrates in parallel with the alignment direction of the alignment film.

In the TN mode, when there is no electric field, light passing through the polarizing plate becomes linearly polarized light and enters the liquid crystal. Since the liquid crystal molecules are oriented by twisting 90 °, the incident light also twists 90 ° and passes therethrough, so that it can pass through the lower polarizing plate arranged in crossed Nicols. Thereby, the light control member 10 will permeate | transmit incident light and will be in a permeation | transmission state.
In addition, the liquid crystal molecules are upright and twisted by the application of the electric field, but the alignment regulating force is stronger on the alignment film surface, so the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules remains along the alignment film. In such a state, since the liquid crystal molecules are isotropic with respect to the light passing therethrough, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light incident on the liquid crystal layer 8 does not rotate. Therefore, the linearly polarized light that has passed through the upper polarizing plate cannot pass through the lower polarizing plate, and the light control member 10 blocks the incident light and enters a light shielding state.
A light control mode that is in a transmissive state when there is no electric field and is in a light-shielded state when an electric field is applied, as in the TN system, is called a normally white mode.
In addition, the polarizing plate may be arranged in a parallel Nicol arrangement and may be in a normally black mode.

  The IPS method is a method of controlling the amount of transmitted light by making electrodes on one base material together and rotating liquid crystal molecules aligned by an electric field by this electrode in a horizontal (horizontal) direction with respect to the substrate. is there.

Further, the GH method is a method using a liquid crystal composition in which a dichroic dye is dissolved as a guest in a nematic liquid crystal which is a host. The dichroic dye has a uniaxial light absorption axis and absorbs only light that vibrates in the direction of the light absorption axis. Since the orientation of the dichroic dye changes in accordance with the movement of the liquid crystal due to the electric field, the transmission state of the liquid crystal cell can be changed by controlling the direction of the light absorption axis.
Liquid crystal compositions used in the GH method are roughly classified into positive types and negative types depending on the difference in the major axis direction of liquid crystal molecules when an electric field is applied.
A positive nematic liquid crystal is a liquid crystal whose dielectric constant anisotropy is large in the major axis direction and small in the direction perpendicular to the major axis, and the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is parallel to the electric field when an electric field is applied. It will be.
On the other hand, the negative type nematic liquid crystal is a liquid crystal whose dielectric constant anisotropy is small in the major axis direction and large in the direction perpendicular to the major axis and negative in the dielectric constant anisotropy. Is vertical.

Here, when the dichroic dye is arranged in a predetermined direction in the sheet surface in the same manner as the liquid crystal molecules, the liquid crystal layer is used as a polarizing plate that transmits specific polarized light and absorbs other polarized light. it can.
Even if the dichroic dye is arranged in parallel in the sheet surface like the liquid crystal molecules, the liquid crystal layer absorbs the incident light regardless of the polarization direction when the liquid crystal molecule driving method is the TN method. The light transmittance is improved when arranged in a direction perpendicular to the sheet surface (parallel to the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer).
Further, the liquid crystal molecule driving method VA method is used, and a chiral agent is added in the liquid crystal layer, so that the liquid crystal layer is in a light-shielding state because the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye are twisted when a voltage is applied.

As a dichroic dye used in the GH system, a dye having a high solubility in liquid crystals and having high dichroism, for example, azo, anthraquinone, quinophthalone, perylene, indigo, thioindigo, merocyanine , Styryl, azomethine, and tetrazine dichroic dyes.
When the liquid crystal layer functions as a polarizing plate, the order parameter (S value) of the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye is preferably 0.7 or more.
In addition, when the light control member 10 is manufactured by GH system, a linearly-polarizing plate can be abbreviate | omitted.

The liquid crystal cell 4 may be driven by a so-called multi-domain method by patterning the photo-alignment layer or the like, or may be driven by a single domain.
Furthermore, as the light control member 10, in addition to the above-mentioned light control member 10 using liquid crystal, various light control members capable of adjusting the amount of transmitted light, such as suspended particle device (SPD), electrochromic EC (Electrochromic EC). ), Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), or the like may be used.

(Seal material)
In the liquid crystal cell 4, a rectangular frame-shaped sealing material 19 is disposed so as to surround the liquid crystal layer 8. The first stacked body 5U and the second stacked body 5D are integrally held by the sealing material 19, and leakage of the liquid crystal material is prevented. As the sealing material 19, for example, a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, or the like can be applied.

(Manufacturing process)
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing process of the light control member 10.
First, in the second stacked body manufacturing step SP2, the second stacked body 5D is manufactured. The second laminate manufacturing process SP2 includes a second electrode manufacturing process SP2-1, a second alignment layer manufacturing process SP2-2, and a spacer arrangement process SP2-3.
In the second electrode manufacturing step SP2-1, the second transparent electrode 11 is manufactured using ITO on the second base material 6 by a vacuum film forming method such as sputtering.

  In the second alignment layer manufacturing step SP2-2, the coating liquid according to the second alignment layer 13 is applied on the second transparent electrode 11 of the second base 6 and dried, and then cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. Thus, the second alignment layer 13 is manufactured.

  In the spacer arrangement step SP2-3, the coating liquid in which the bead spacers 12 are dispersed is applied by a spin coating method or the like, and then drying and baking processes are sequentially performed. The bead spacers 12 are randomly arranged. Thus, the second stacked body 5D is manufactured.

The subsequent first laminate manufacturing process SP3 is the same as the second laminate manufacturing process SP2 except that the spacer arranging process is not included. That is, the first laminate manufacturing process SP3 includes a first electrode manufacturing process SP3-1 and a first alignment layer manufacturing process SP3-2.
In the first electrode manufacturing step SP3-1, the first transparent electrode 16 made of ITO is manufactured on the first base material 15.
Next, in the first alignment layer manufacturing step SP <b> 3-2, the first alignment layer 17 is manufactured on the first transparent electrode 16 of the first base material 15. Thus, the first stacked body 5U is manufactured.

  In the sealing material coating process SP4 following the first laminated body manufacturing process SP3, the sealing material 19 is applied to the second laminated body 5D in a frame shape using a dispenser. In this embodiment, the sealing material 19 is a UV (ultraviolet) thermosetting resin.

Next, in the liquid crystal inflow process SP5, the liquid crystal flows into the frame-shaped sealing material 19.
In this embodiment, a multi-point ODF (One Drop Filling) injection method is used for the arrangement of liquid crystals. The multi-point ODF is a method in which a liquid crystal material is dropped by a dispenser or the like before the other stacked body is bonded to a plurality of positions in the sealing material 19.
In addition to the multi-point ODF injection method, a method of filling a liquid crystal material into a space formed in a portion related to the liquid crystal layer 8 after the first stacked body 5U and the second stacked body 5D are stacked is used. Also good.

  In the stacking step SP6, the first stacked body 5U and the second stacked body 5D are pressed by, for example, a roller, and bonded to spread the liquid crystal material disposed in the second stacked body 5D. At this time, the distance between the first stacked body 5U and the second stacked body 5D in the central portion of the light control member 10 is maintained at the thickness of the bead spacer 12.

  Thereafter, in the sealing material curing step SP7, the sealing material 19 is cured by ultraviolet irradiation and heating, and the liquid crystal cell 4 is manufactured.

  In the subsequent trimming step SP8, the laminated body thus manufactured is trimmed into a rectangular shape. For the trimming, various methods applicable to trimming of this kind of film material, such as laser beam irradiation and trimming using a mold, can be widely applied.

  And in bonding process SP9, the light control member 10 is manufactured by bonding the 1st linearly-polarizing plate 2 and the 2nd linearly-polarizing plate 3 on both sides of the liquid crystal cell 4 with an adhesive agent. In addition, this bonding process can be abbreviate | omitted when using a guest host type liquid crystal and omitting a linearly-polarizing plate.

(Surface light source)
Returning to FIG. 3, the surface light source unit 30 of the illumination unit 2 will be described.
The surface light source unit 30 includes a light source unit 31, a light guide member 32, a first low refractive index layer 34, and a second low refractive index layer 35. The surface light source unit 30 is an edge light type surface light source that receives light from an end surface. The surface light source unit 30 of the present embodiment is provided over the entire surface of the light control member 10, but is not limited thereto, and may be provided in a part of the light control member 10.

(light source)
The light source unit 31 is arranged at a position facing a light incident surface 32a (described later) of the light guide member 32 along the light incident surface 32a. In the light source unit 31, a plurality of point light sources are arranged at a predetermined interval, and an LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source is used.
The light source unit 31 may be a linear light source such as a cold cathode tube, or may be a light source disposed on the end face of the light guide. Further, from the viewpoint of improving the utilization efficiency of light emitted from the light source unit 31 and shielding unnecessary light, it is not necessary to cover the outside of the light source unit 31 (side surfaces other than the side facing the light guide member 32). An illustrated reflecting plate or shielding plate may be provided.

(Light guide member)
The light guide member 32 is a member that enters the light emitted from the light source unit 31 and guides the light, and then emits the light from the light exit surface. In the present embodiment, the light guide member 32 is formed in a flat plate shape having light transmittance, and is dimmed. The member 10 is provided so as to cover almost the entire surface on one surface side (the indoor side, the side opposite to the roof window 100 side).
The light guide member 32 is provided with a light exit surface on the first surface 32b opposite to the light control member 10 side among the first surface 32b and the second surface 32c orthogonal to the thickness direction of the flat plate shape. . In addition, a light incident surface 32a is provided on an end surface intersecting (orthogonal) with the light exit surface.

In the light guide member 32 of the present embodiment, a plurality of protrusions 33 are formed on the entire light exit surface.
The protrusion 33 is formed in a convex shape that protrudes from the first surface 32b. For example, the protrusion 33 is formed in a truncated cone shape that gradually decreases from the root portion.
As will be described later, the light incident on the light incident surface 32a of the light guide member 32 from the light source unit 31 has a lower refractive index than that of the light guide member 32. Since it is sandwiched between the low refractive index layers 35, light is guided in the light guide member 32 toward the surface facing the light incident surface 32a while repeating total reflection between the first surface 32b and the second surface 32c.

A part of the light guided in the light guide member 32 enters the projection 33, enters the side surface or bottom surface of the projection 33, and the second low refractive index layer from the side surface or bottom surface of the projection 33. The light passes through 35 and exits indoors. Thereby, the surface light source unit 30 can emit the light from the light source unit 31 to the indoor side of the vehicle 110.
In addition, since the projection part 33 is not formed in the 2nd surface 32c of the light guide member 32, the light emitted from the light guide member 32 is radiate | emitted from the 1st surface 32b compared with the 2nd surface 32c. More light.

From the viewpoint of uniformly emitting the light emitted from the light source unit 31 from the light exit surface (first surface 32b) of the light guide member 32, the density of the protrusions 33 arranged closer to the light source unit 31 is lower, The density arranged as the distance from the light source unit 31 increases.
The light guide member 32 of the present embodiment is made of polycarbonate (PC) resin having a refractive index of 1.58. However, it is not limited to this, For example, acrylic resins, such as polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA), may be sufficient.
Thus, when resin is used for the light guide member 32, the absorption of short wavelengths is less than when glass is used, blue light can be well guided, and the weight is light. Moreover, since there is little absorption of a short wavelength, even if a light guide distance is long, it does not color. Furthermore, since it is lightweight, when it is arranged on the roof window of the vehicle, an increase in the weight of the vehicle and an increase in the center of gravity can be suppressed as much as possible, and the fuel consumption and operability of the vehicle 110 are reduced. Can be suppressed.

The light guide member 32 of the present embodiment is formed by producing a molding die that shapes the protrusion 33 with a cutting tool or the like, and using the molding die to perform extrusion molding or injection molding. The thermoplastic resin to be used is not particularly limited as long as it has a high light transmittance, and in addition to the above-described PC resin, an acrylic resin, a COP (cycloolefin polymer) resin, or the like can also be used. .
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the light guide member 32 may be formed by integrally forming the protrusion 33 on one surface of a sheet-like member formed by extrusion molding or the like by an ultraviolet molding method.

(First low refractive index layer)
The first low refractive index layer 34 is a layer provided between the light control member 10 and the light guide member 32, and joins the light control member 10 and the light guide member 32.
The first low refractive index layer 34 is a layer having a refractive index lower than that of the light guide member 32, and is made of, for example, a UV curable optical adhesive having a refractive index of 1.51. In the present embodiment, the adhesive constituting the first low refractive index layer 34 is applied to the entire surface of the second surface 32c (the surface on the light control member 10 side) of the light guide member 32, whereby the light control member 10 and the light control member 10 are guided. The optical member 32 is joined. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the adhesive is applied only to the outer peripheral portion of the second surface 32c of the light guide member 32, and the other portion is made a gap, and the first low refractive index layer 34 is configured by air. May be.

(Second low refractive index layer)
The second low-refractive index layer 35 is a layer provided on the first surface 32 b (surface opposite to the light control member 10) of the light guide member 32 and covers the protrusion 33 of the light guide member 32. Is provided.
The second low refractive index layer 35 is a layer having a refractive index lower than that of the light guide member 32. For example, as with the first low refractive index layer 34, a UV curable optical adhesive having a refractive index of 1.51. It is comprised by. As described above, the second low refractive index layer 35 is provided on the first surface 32 b of the light guide member 32 by providing the second low refractive index layer 35 on the first surface 32 b of the light guide member 32 (the surface opposite to the light control member 10). While protecting the projection part 33, it can suppress that the projection part 33 becomes conspicuous seeing from the vehicle interior side.
Here, the first low-refractive index layer 34 and the second low-refractive index layer 35 each contain light bubbles, hollow particles, and the like in the resin material constituting the light guide member 32 described above, thereby guiding the light. It is also possible to lower the refractive index of the member 32. In addition, since the first low refractive index layer 34 and the second low refractive index layer 35 need only have a refractive index lower than that of the light guide member 32, for example, the resin constituting the light guide member 32 may be zirconia or titania. The light guide member 32 may have a high refractive index by adding particles having a high refractive index such as a refractive index difference between the first low refractive index layer 34 and the second low refractive index layer 35. .

Note that the above-described second low refractive index layer 35 may be omitted, the first surface 32b of the light guide member 32 may be exposed, and the air layer may be used as the second low refractive index layer. However, in the case of the air layer, since the refractive index is 1.0, the difference in refractive index from the refractive index (1.58) of the light guide member 32 becomes large, so that the light transmitted through the light guide member 32 is refracted. There is a possibility of increasing the scattered light. Therefore, in this case, it is preferable to lower the refractive index of the light guide member 32.
Further, a transparent cover member (not shown) having a lower refractive index than that of the second low refractive index layer 35 is provided so as to cover the second low refractive index layer 35 on the indoor side of the second low refractive index layer 35. It may be arranged.
When the second low refractive index layer 35 is scratched, the light traveling through the light guide member 32 is emitted in a direction different from the design due to the scratch, and the uniformity of the illumination light may be impaired. However, by providing such a cover member, the light guide member 32 and the second low-refractive index layer 35 can be protected and scratches can be made difficult to be damaged.

(Photometry part)
Returning to FIG. 2, the photometry unit provided in the illumination device 1 will be described.
The external photometry unit 40 is provided outside the vehicle, measures the brightness outside the vehicle, and outputs the measurement result to the control unit 50 described later. Although the external photometry unit 40 is not limited to this, for example, a photodiode or a member capable of detecting brightness such as a CCD can be used.
The indoor photometry unit 41 is provided in the interior of the vehicle, measures indoor brightness, and outputs the measurement result to the control unit 50 described later. As in the case of the external photometry unit 40, the indoor photometry unit 41 can use, for example, a photodiode or a member capable of detecting brightness, such as a CCD.

(Control part)
The control unit 50 is a part that performs overall control of the lighting device 1, and is configured by, for example, a CPU. The control unit 50 inputs the photometry results of the external photometry unit 40 and the indoor photometry unit 41, controls the power supply unit 20 of the light control member 10 based on the photometry results, and the light source unit 31 provided in the surface light source unit 30. The light emission is switched on or off.

(switch)
As shown in FIG. 1, the switch 60 is an operation unit that turns on or off the indoor lighting operation of the lighting device 1 by the control unit 50, and is disposed at a position where a passenger in the room can easily touch.

Next, operation | movement of the illuminating device 1 is demonstrated.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control unit 50.
The control unit 50 controls the illumination device 1 by repeating the processing procedure (SP21 to SP29) shown in FIG.
In SP21, the control unit 50 confirms whether or not the switch 60 is ON (SP21). When the switch 60 of the lighting device 1 is turned on by the vehicle occupant (SP21, YES), the control unit 50 detects the brightness outside the vehicle via the external photometry unit 40 (SP22).

Subsequently, the control unit 50 determines whether or not the external photometric value is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value (SP22).
For example, when the brightness outside the vehicle is dark such as at night, and the photometric value of the external photometric unit 40 is equal to or less than the first predetermined value (SP23, YES), the control unit 50 controls the power supply unit 20 to adjust the light. The transmittance of the member 10 is lowered to make it light-shielded (SP24).
Then, the light source unit 31 of the surface light source unit 30 is turned on to emit light (SP25). Thereby, the light emitted from the light source unit 31 is guided through the light guide member 32 and emitted from the light output surface, so that the room is irradiated. Since the illuminating device 1 of embodiment is provided over the whole surface of the roof window 100, the whole indoor is illuminated uniformly.
At this time, since the light control member 10 is in a light-shielding state, a slight amount of light emitted from the second surface 32c of the light guide member 32 can be prevented from leaking out of the vehicle. When the amount of light emitted from the second surface 32c of the light guide member 32 is negligibly small, the step (SP24) of controlling the light control member 10 to the light shielding state may be omitted.

On the other hand, when the brightness outside the vehicle is bright as in the daytime and the photometric value of the external photometric unit 40 is larger than the first predetermined value (SP23, No), the control unit 50 causes the indoor photometric unit 41 to Is detected (SP26).
Then, the control unit 50 determines whether or not the indoor photometric value is less than the second predetermined value (SP27). Here, the second predetermined value is, for example, a set reference value in the vehicle interior set by a passenger or the like.

When the photometric value in the vehicle room is larger than the second predetermined value (SP27, No), the control unit 50 controls the power supply unit 20 so that the photometric value in the room becomes the second predetermined value. The transmittance of the member 10 is adjusted.
At this time, the control unit 50 can control the brightness of the room by the external light transmitted through the roof window 100 to the second predetermined value by the dimming member 10, and thus the light source of the surface light source unit 30. The unit 31 is in an OFF state (light-off state).

  On the other hand, when the photometric value in the vehicle interior is less than the second predetermined value (SP27, Yes), the control unit 50 turns on the light source unit 31 of the surface light source unit 30 to make it emit light, and the light control member 10 The power supply unit 20 is controlled to adjust the transmittance of the light control member 10 so that the photometric value in the room becomes the second predetermined value (S29).

In the above description, the surface light source unit 30 has been described as an example in which the light source unit 31 is switched between the light emitting state and the light-off state by switching the light source unit ON or OFF, but the present invention is not limited to this. The amount of emitted light may be adjusted stepwise. In this case, the control unit 50 adjusts the light emission amount of the light source unit 31 provided in the surface light source unit 30 stepwise based on the operation of the switch 60.
Further, in the present embodiment, the lighting device 1 desires the transmittance of the light control member 10 according to an arbitrary operation of the vehicle occupant when indoor lighting by the surface light source unit 30 such as during the day is unnecessary. It may be possible to vary the value of.

As mentioned above, the illuminating device 1 and the vehicle 110 of this embodiment have the following effects.
(1) The lighting device 1 and the vehicle 110 of the present embodiment are disposed on the one side of the light control member 10 that adjusts the transmittance of incident light, and on the side opposite to the light control member 10. A light exit surface is provided on at least a part of the first surface 32b, a light entrance surface 32a is provided on at least a part of the surface intersecting the first surface 32b, and light incident from the light entrance surface 32a is transmitted from the light exit surface. The light guide member 32 that emits light, the light source unit 31 that makes light incident on the light incident surface 32 a provided on the light guide member 32, and the light guide member 32 are disposed between the light guide member 32 and the light control member 10. A first low refractive index layer 34 having a lower refractive index.
As a result, when the lighting device 1 and the vehicle 110 are disposed on the roof window 100, the transmittance of light entering the room from the outside is adjusted and the light from the light source unit 31 is guided by the light guide member 32. The light can be evenly irradiated from the light exit surface to the room.

(2) In the lighting device 1 and the vehicle 110 according to this embodiment, the light guide member 32 has a light output amount toward the first surface 32b that is greater than a light output amount toward the second surface 32c that is the light control member 10 side. Since there are many, the light of the light source part 31 can be efficiently entered into the room.

(3) Since the lighting device 1 and the vehicle 110 of the present embodiment include the second low refractive index layer 35 having a refractive index lower than that of the light guide member 32 on the light output surface side of the light guide member 32, the light guide member 32. The light exit surface can be protected. In addition, when the second low refractive index layer 35 is not provided, the difference between the refractive index of the light guide member 32 and the refractive index of the air layer becomes too large, and the light emitted from the light guide member 32 is easily scattered. However, such scattering can be suppressed by providing the second low refractive index layer 35.

(4) In the lighting device 1 and the vehicle 110 of the present embodiment, when the liquid crystal layer 8 of the light control member 10 is a GH system, a part of a slight amount of light emitted from the second surface 32c of the light guide member 32 is used. Since the light can be scattered by the liquid crystal layer 8 and returned to the light guide member 32 side, the light use efficiency can be improved.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the illuminating device of 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the surface light source unit. Since other than that is the same, the description about the same part is abbreviate | omitted suitably.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a surface light source unit 30A of the second embodiment.
The surface light source unit 30A includes a light source unit 31A, a first low refractive index layer 34A, a light guide member 32A, and a second low refractive index layer 35A.

The light guide member 32A includes a first light guide layer 32Aa, a second light guide layer 32Ab, and a bonding layer 37A. In the light guide member 32A, a first light guide layer 32Aa, a bonding layer 37A, and a second light guide layer 32Ab are stacked in this order from the light control member 10 side. The first surface 32b of the light guide member 32A of the present embodiment is a surface on the indoor side (the side opposite to the light control member 10 side) of the second light guide layer 32Ab, and the second surface of the light guide member 32A. 32c is a surface of the first light guide layer 32Aa on the light modulating member 10 side (first low refractive index layer 34A side).
The first light guide layer 32Aa is a transparent flat plate-like member, the first low refractive index layer 34A is disposed on one surface (the second surface 32c, the surface on the light control member 10 side), and the other surface ( The second light guide layer 32Ab is disposed on the inner surface) via the bonding layer 37A. An end surface intersecting (orthogonal) with one surface of the first light guide layer 32Aa becomes a light incident surface 32a on which light from the light source unit 31A is incident.

The second light guide layer 32Ab has a plurality of protrusions 33A protruding toward the first light guide layer 32Aa. The protrusion 33A is formed in a columnar shape whose outer shape becomes thinner as it approaches the first light guide layer 32Aa side from the root side. In the present embodiment, the protrusion 33A is formed in a shape obtained by cutting a spheroid into half at the center of the long axis. The density of the protrusion 33 is lower as it is closer to the light source 31 (light incident surface 32 a), and the density of the protrusion 33 is higher as it is farther from the light source 31.
The second light guide layer 32Ab is made of a resin having the same or similar refractive index as the first light guide layer 32Aa, including the protruding portion 33A. The second light guide layer 32Ab is disposed on the indoor side of the first light guide layer 32Aa (the side opposite to the light control member 10 side).

The joining layer 37A is provided between the first light guide layer 32Aa and the second light guide layer 32Ab, and joins the first light guide layer 32Aa and the second light guide layer 32Ab. The refractive index of the bonding layer 37A is equal to or close to the refractive index of the first light guide layer 32Aa.
Here, at the portion where the apex of the protrusion 33A and the bonding layer 37A are bonded, although it is a very small area, light can pass through without reaching the second low refractive index layer 35A. Region 38 is formed. By providing the light passage region 38, a part of the light guided in the first light guide layer 32Aa and the bonding layer 37A is incident on the second light guide layer 32Ab, and is projected indoors by the protrusion 33A. Can be emitted.

The second low refractive index layer 35A is provided between the first light guide layer 32Aa and the second light guide layer 32Ab and between the adjacent protrusions 33A.
The first low refractive index layer 34A and the second low refractive index layer 35A are layers having a lower refractive index than the first light guide layer 32Aa, the second light guide layer 32Ab, and the bonding layer 37A.

  In the surface light source unit 30A of the present embodiment, the light emitted from the light source unit 31A enters the light incident surface 32a of the first light guide layer 32Aa, and the first low refractive index layer 34A and the second low refractive index layer 35A. In the first light guide layer 32Aa and the bonding layer 37A sandwiched between the two, the light is guided toward the surface facing the light incident surface 32a by repeating total reflection.

  Of the light incident from the light incident surface 32a of the first light guide layer 32Aa, the light that has reached the light passage region 38 where the apex of the protrusion 33A and the bonding layer 37A are bonded is transmitted through the protrusion 33A. The light is totally reflected from the side surface of the protrusion 33A and emitted to the indoor side. The light guide member 32A has a protrusion 33A provided on the second light guide layer 32Ab so that the amount of light emitted to the first surface 32b is the amount of light emitted to the second surface 32c that is the light control member 10A side. More than.

As mentioned above, the illuminating device 1 and the vehicle 110 of this embodiment have an effect similar to the illuminating device of 1st Embodiment mentioned above. That is, when the illuminating device 1 is disposed on the roof window 100, the transmittance of light entering the room from the outside is adjusted, the light from the light source unit 31 is guided by the light guide member 32, and the light is emitted from the light exit surface to the room. Can be irradiated evenly.
Further, in the lighting device 1 and the vehicle 110 according to the present embodiment, the light guide member 32A has a larger light output amount toward the first surface 32b than a light output amount toward the second surface 32c that is the light control member 10A side. Therefore, the light from the light source unit 31A can be efficiently incident on the room.
Furthermore, the illuminating device 1 and the vehicle 110 according to the present embodiment can emit most of the light emitted from the light guide member 32A toward the normal direction of the light exit surface, thereby improving the light use efficiency. .

(Third embodiment)
Next, the illuminating device of 3rd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the surface light source unit. Since other than that is the same, the description about the same part is abbreviate | omitted suitably.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the surface light source unit 30B of the third embodiment.
The surface light source unit 30B includes a light source unit 31B, a first low refractive index layer 34B, a light guide member 32B, and a second low refractive index layer 35.

The light guide member 32B is formed in a flat plate shape having optical transparency, and the first surface 32b and the second surface 32c perpendicular to the thickness direction of the flat plate shape are opposite to the light control member 10 side. A light exit surface is provided on one surface 32b. In addition, a light incident surface 32a is provided on an end surface intersecting (orthogonal) with the light exit surface. In the light guide member 32B, the first low refractive index layer 34B is laminated on the surface (second surface 32c) on the light control member 10 side, and the second low refractive index layer 35B is laminated on the surface on the indoor side (first surface 32b). ing.
The light guide member 32B includes a first light guide layer 32Ba and a second light guide layer 32Bb.

The first light guide layer 32Ba is a layer disposed on the first low refractive index layer 34B side (the light control member 10 side), and is formed of a resin having light transmittance.
The second light guide layer 32Bb is laminated on the surface of the first light guide layer 32Ba on the second low refractive index layer 35B side (inside the room), and is formed of a resin having optical transparency.
Note that the first light guide layer 32Ba and the second light guide layer 32Bb are preferably formed of the same material from the viewpoint of matching the refractive indexes. For example, the first light guide layer 32Ba and the second light guide layer 32Bb are both formed of the same ultraviolet curable resin. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first light guide layer 32Ba and the second light guide layer 32Bb may be formed of different materials.

The interface between the first light guide layer 32Ba and the second light guide layer 32Bb is a saw in which a plurality of slopes e and vertical surfaces f are continuously combined, as indicated by a one-dot chain line (partially a solid line) in FIG. A shape is formed. Here, the inclined surface e and the vertical surface f extend in the same direction as the surface extending in the direction perpendicular to the light guiding direction and the thickness direction of the light guiding member 32B, that is, the extending direction of the light incident surface 32a. This is the surface.
The inclined surface e is formed such that the edge on the light source part 31b side is arranged closer to the light control member 10 side (first low refractive index layer 34B) side than the edge opposite to the light source part 31 side. Yes.
In the present embodiment, the vertical surface f is an example of a surface that is perpendicular to the first surface 32b (second surface 32c), but is not limited thereto, and the first surface 32b (second surface) is not limited thereto. It may be inclined at an angle other than perpendicular to 32c).
In the light guide member 32 of the present embodiment, the reflecting portion g is provided on a plurality of specific slopes e among the slopes e. The reflection part g is provided to selectively emit light incident on the light guide member 32 to the indoor side, and is disposed as less as it is closer to the light source part 31B, as indicated by the solid line in FIG. As the distance from the light source unit 31 increases, a larger number is arranged. Thereby, the light reflected by the reflection part g can be uniformly radiate | emitted indoors.
The reflection part g of the present embodiment is formed in a so-called half mirror (magic mirror) shape that reflects part of incident light and transmits others. The reflection part g is formed of a metal having high light reflectivity, for example, aluminum, silver, nickel, or the like.

The light guide member 32 is formed as follows, for example.
First, the first light guide layer 32Ba is formed by an extrusion molding method, an injection molding method, or the like using a mold provided with a shape corresponding to a saw shape in which the slope e and the vertical surface f are continuous. .
Next, the reflective part g is formed by vapor-depositing aluminum on the specific inclined surface e of the produced first light guide layer 32Ba by a vacuum vapor deposition method. The reflection part g may be formed by sputtering a metal having high light reflectivity, transferring a metal foil, applying a paint containing a metal thin film, or the like.
Subsequently, the surface on which the inclined surface e and the vertical surface f of the first light guide layer 32Ba are formed is filled with the resin constituting the second light guide layer 32Bb, and a flat surface corresponding to the light exit surface is formed. The second light guide layer 32Bb is formed, for example, by releasing the mold after pressing and curing with a mold. Thus, the light guide member 32 shown in FIG. 8 is completed.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an optical path of the surface light source unit 30B.
In the surface light source unit 30B, most of the light incident on the light guide member 32B from the light source unit 31B is, as shown in FIG. 9, the light guide member 32B, the first low refractive index layer 34B, and the second low refractive index layer 35B. Is repeatedly guided to the opposite side to the light source unit 31B (the side facing the light incident surface 32a).
Here, a part of the light guided into the light guide member 32B enters the reflection part g.
Part of the light incident on the reflection part g is reflected by the reflection part g, and the other light is transmitted through the reflection part g and guided to the side opposite to the light source part 31B.
The light reflected by the reflecting portion g is an angle at which the incident angle with respect to the interface (first surface 32b) between the second light guide layer 32Bb and the second low refractive index layer 35B satisfies the total reflection condition (an angle exceeding the critical angle). In the case where the angle is not totally reflected by the interface (first surface 32b) and travels again through the light guide member 32B and does not satisfy the total reflection condition (an angle not exceeding the critical angle), the second low refractive index layer It passes through 35B and exits indoors.
Also, with respect to the light emitted from the light source unit 31B and traveling parallel to the light output surface of the light guide member 32B, a part of the light (for example, half) is reflected by the reflection unit g toward the light output surface, and the remaining light is reflected. Continues in the light guiding direction through the part g. Note that, in the light guide member 32B, the amount of light emitted to the first surface 32b side is larger than the amount of light emitted to the second surface 32c side, which is the dimming member 10B side, by the reflection part g.

As mentioned above, the illuminating device 1 and the vehicle 110 of this embodiment can have an effect similar to 1st Embodiment. That is, when the illuminating device 1 is disposed on the roof window 100, the transmittance of light incident from the outside into the room is adjusted, and the light from the light source unit 31B is guided by the light guide member 32B. Can be irradiated evenly.
Further, in the lighting device 1 and the vehicle 110 according to the present embodiment, the light guide member 32B has a larger amount of light emitted toward the first surface 32b than the amount of light emitted toward the second surface 32c, which is the dimming member 10B side. Therefore, the light from the light source unit 31B can be efficiently incident on the room.
Furthermore, the illuminating device 1 and the vehicle 110 according to the present embodiment include the reflecting portion g, so that most of the light emitted from the light guide member 32B can be emitted in the normal direction of the light exit surface. Can improve the efficiency of use.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, the illuminating device of 4th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the surface light source unit. Since other than that is the same, the description about the same part is abbreviate | omitted suitably.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a surface light source unit 30C of the fourth embodiment.
The surface light source unit 30C includes a light source unit 31C, a first low refractive index layer 34C, a light guide member 32C, and a second low refractive index layer 35C.

The light guide member 32C is formed in a flat plate shape having optical transparency, and the first surface 32b and the second surface 32c orthogonal to the thickness direction of the flat plate shape are on the opposite side to the light control member 10 side. A light exit surface is provided on one surface 32b. In addition, a light incident surface 32a is provided on an end surface intersecting (orthogonal) with the light exit surface.
In the light guide member 32C, the first low refractive index layer 34C is laminated on the surface (second surface 32c) on the light control member 10 side, and the second low refractive index layer 35C is laminated on the surface on the indoor side (first surface 32b). ing.

The second surface 32c of the light guide member 32C includes a slope e and a vertical surface f that extend in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light guide member 32C and the light guide direction of light incident on the light guide member 32C. A plurality of groove shapes 33C are provided.
The inclined surface e is formed such that the edge on the light source unit 31b side is disposed closer to the light control member 10 side (first low refractive index layer 34B side) than the edge opposite to the light source unit 31 side. Yes.
In the present embodiment, the vertical surface f is an example of a surface that is perpendicular to the first surface 32b (second surface 32c), but is not limited thereto, and the first surface 32b (second surface) is not limited thereto. It may be inclined at an angle other than perpendicular to 32c).
The groove shape 33 </ b> C is provided for selectively emitting light incident on the light guide member 32 to the indoor side. The groove shape 33 </ b> C is arranged so as to be closer to the light source unit 31 </ b> B and arranged more as the distance from the light source unit 31 is increased. Yes. Thereby, the light that enters from the light source unit 31 and is guided into the light guide member 32 is reflected at the interface between the inclined surface e and the first low refractive index layer 34C, and is emitted uniformly from the light exit surface to the indoor side. Can be made. The light guide member 32A has a larger amount of light emitted to the first surface 32b than the light emitted to the second surface 32c, which is the light control member 10C, due to the inclined surface e of the groove shape 33c.

As mentioned above, the illuminating device 1 and the vehicle 110 of this embodiment can have an effect similar to 1st Embodiment. That is, when the lighting device 1 is disposed on the roof window 100, the transmittance of light incident from the outside into the room is adjusted, the light from the light source unit 31C is guided by the light guide member 32C, and the light is emitted from the light exit surface to the room. Can be irradiated evenly.
Further, in the lighting device 1 and the vehicle 110 according to the present embodiment, the light guide member 32C has a larger amount of light emitted toward the first surface 32b than the amount of light emitted toward the second surface 32c, which is the dimming member 10C side. Therefore, the light from the light source unit 31C can be efficiently incident on the room.

[Other Embodiments]
As mentioned above, although the specific structure suitable for implementation of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention can change the structure of the above-mentioned embodiment variously in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.

  In each embodiment, although the illumination part 2 of the illuminating device 1 demonstrated in the example arrange | positioned so that the light control member 10 might be on the roof window 100 side and the surface light source part 30 might be indoor side, it is limited to this. Instead, the surface light source unit 30 may be disposed on the roof window 100 side, and the light control member 10 may be disposed on the indoor side.

  In each of the embodiments described above, the lighting device 1 has been described as an example provided on the entire surface of the roof window 100, but is not limited thereto, and may be provided on a part of the roof window 100.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the lighting device 1 has been described as an example in which the surface light source unit 30 is provided on the entire surface of the light control member 10. May be provided.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the light output surface of the light guide member 32 has been described as an example provided on the entire surface of the first surface 32b. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the light output surface of the light guide member 32 is the first. A part of the surface 32 b, that is, a protrusion or groove shape provided to emit light guided through the light guide member 32 from the light exit surface is provided on a part of the first surface 32 b, and the surface light source unit 30. The illumination light may be emitted from a part of the (light guide member 32).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Illuminating device 4 Liquid crystal cell 8 Liquid crystal layer 10 Light control member 20 Power supply 30 Surface light source part 31 Light source 32 Light guide member 32a Light incident surface 33 Protrusion 34 1st low refractive index layer 35 2nd low refractive index layer 40 Photometry part 50 Control Part 60 Switch 70 Sheet glass 71 Intermediate layer 100 Roof window 110 Vehicle

Claims (6)

A light control member for adjusting the transmittance of incident light;
A light exit surface is provided on at least a part of the first surface opposite to the light control member, and a light incident surface is provided on a surface intersecting the first surface. A light guide member that emits light incident from the light incident surface from the light exit surface;
A light source unit that makes light incident on the light incident surface provided in the light guide member;
A first low refractive index layer disposed between the light guide member and the light control member and having a lower refractive index than the light guide member;
A lighting device comprising: The light guide member has a larger light output amount to the first surface side than a light output amount to the second surface side which is the light control member side,
The lighting device according to claim 1. The light control member is
A liquid crystal layer;
A transparent electrode layer disposed on at least one side of the liquid crystal layer;
A power supply unit for applying a voltage to the transparent electrode layer,
The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein The liquid crystal layer contains a dichroic dye;
The lighting device according to claim 3. A second low refractive index layer having a refractive index lower than that of the light guide member on the light exit surface side of the light guide member;
The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein   A vehicle in which the lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is disposed on a roof window such that the light exit surface of the light guide member faces an indoor side.

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