JP2018185106A - Cold insulation device and cold insulation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cold insulation device with a novel structure and a novel cold insulation method, which can suppress a rise in temperature of an object to be refrigerated for further longer time.SOLUTION: In a cold insulation device, a cooling layer 18 for holding refrigerant 34 is covered with water shielding layers 20, 22 for preventing the refrigerant 34 from passing, and the refrigerant 34 held by the cooling layer 18 is evaporated to cool the cooling layer 18. The cold insulation device includes: a supply port 28 for supplying the refrigerant 34 to the cooling layer 18; and a discharge port 24 for discharging the refrigerant 34 evaporated from the cooling layer 18.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a cold-retaining device and a cold-retaining method for suppressing a temperature increase of a cold-retention object with respect to a temperature increase in an external space.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cooler box that suppresses an increase in the temperature of a cold insulation object accommodated in an internal space is known as a type of cold insulation device that suppresses an increase in the temperature of the cold insulation object. In this cooler box, generally, the wall portion of the accommodation space includes a heat insulating material, and changes in the temperature in the accommodation space due to changes in the outside air temperature or sunlight are reduced.

  By the way, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2015-137136 (Patent Document 1), air in the accommodation space can be prevented so as to prevent temperature change of the cold insulation object accommodated in the accommodation space (storage part) for a longer time. A cooler box has been proposed in which the inside of the housing space can be decompressed by discharging the air to the outside.

  However, in the cooler box of Patent Document 1, the structure for discharging the air in the housing space becomes complicated, or the discharge operation of the air is troublesome. In some cases, suppression was required.

JP2015-137136A

  The present invention has been made in the background of the above-mentioned circumstances, and the problem to be solved thereof is a cold insulation device having a novel structure capable of suppressing the temperature rise of the cold insulation object for a longer time and a novel Is to provide a simple cooling method.

  Hereinafter, the aspect of this invention made | formed in order to solve such a subject is described. In addition, the component employ | adopted in each aspect as described below is employable by arbitrary combinations as much as possible.

  That is, the first aspect of the present invention is a cold insulation device, wherein a cooling layer holding a refrigerant is covered with a water shielding layer that prevents passage of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant held in the cooling layer is The cooling layer is cooled by vaporization, and a supply port for supplying the refrigerant to the cooling layer and a discharge port for discharging the refrigerant vaporized from the cooling layer are provided. To do.

  According to the cold insulation device having the structure according to the first aspect, the refrigerant evaporated from the cooling layer covered with the water shielding layer is discharged through the outlet, so that the inside of the water shielding layer covering the cooling layer. It is possible to prevent the vaporized refrigerant from reaching the saturation amount. Furthermore, the cooling layer that has released the refrigerant by vaporization can be replenished with the refrigerant through the supply port. As a result, in the cold insulation device, the cold insulation effect due to the vaporization of the refrigerant can be continuously obtained over a long period of time.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the cold insulation device described in the first aspect, the supply port is disposed above the cooling layer, and the discharge port is disposed below the cooling layer. It is what.

  According to the second aspect, since the refrigerant is supplied from the supply port arranged on the upper part of the cooling layer, the refrigerant supplied from the supply port can be easily spread and held in a wide range of the cooling layer. Further, since the discharge port for discharging the refrigerant is arranged at the lower part of the cooling layer, not only the gas phase refrigerant but also the liquid phase refrigerant liquefied after vaporization from the cooling layer is effectively discharged.

  A third aspect of the present invention is the cold insulation device described in the first or second aspect, wherein the cooling layer contains sepiolite.

  According to the third aspect, since the cooling layer contains sepiolite excellent in water absorption and hygroscopicity, a large amount of refrigerant can be held in the cooling layer, and the cooling effect by vaporization of the refrigerant is advantageous. Can be obtained.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the cold insulation device described in any one of the first to third aspects, the refrigerant contains water.

  According to the fourth aspect, handling of the refrigerant is easy, and the refrigerant can be obtained inexpensively and easily.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the cold insulation device according to the fourth aspect, the refrigerant includes at least one of water generated during use of the fuel cell and water generated during cooling by the air conditioner. Is.

  According to the 5th aspect, supply of a refrigerant | coolant becomes easy by utilizing the water which arises when using the cooling of a fuel cell or an air conditioner as a refrigerant | coolant. In particular, if the cold insulation device according to this aspect is applied to an in-vehicle cooler box or the like, water generated when the fuel cell vehicle travels or water generated when the air conditioner of the automobile is used for cooling (driving) When the vehicle is parked, for example, when the vehicle is not in use, the stored refrigerant can be appropriately supplemented to the cooling layer. Therefore, the cooling effect due to the vaporization of the refrigerant is continuously exerted over a long period of time without requiring any special work for replenishing the refrigerant, thereby increasing the temperature of the object accommodated in the cooler box in the passenger compartment. Can be suppressed.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the cold insulation device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the accommodation space includes a wall portion having a structure in which the water shielding layers are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the cooling layer. And at least a part of the water shielding layer is formed of a heat insulating material.

  According to the sixth aspect, due to the cooling of the cooling layer caused by the vaporization of the refrigerant, the temperature rise is suppressed even if the ambient temperature rises. In addition, since at least a part of the water shielding layer constituting the wall portion of the accommodation space is formed of a heat insulating material, it is difficult for ambient heat to be transferred to the accommodation space, and the temperature change of the accommodation space is more advantageously reduced. The

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the cold insulation device described in any one of the first to sixth aspects, a housing space including a wall portion having a structure in which the water shielding layers are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the cooling layer. And the maximum value of the volume of the refrigerant that can be held by the cooling layer is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the volume of the storage space. .

  According to the seventh aspect, since the maximum value of the volume of the refrigerant that can be held by the cooling layer is 0.5 to 1.5 times the volume of the storage space, the temperature of the storage space is increased. It is effectively suppressed by the cooling effect due to the vaporization of the refrigerant.

  An eighth aspect of the present invention is a cold insulation method, the step of supplying the refrigerant from a supply port to a cooling layer covered with a water shielding layer that prevents passage of the refrigerant and capable of holding the refrigerant. And a step of vaporizing the refrigerant held in the cooling layer to cool the cooling layer, and a step of discharging the refrigerant vaporized from the cooling layer from an outlet.

  According to the cold insulation method according to the eighth aspect as described above, the refrigerant replenishment through the supply port to the cooling layer and the refrigerant vaporized from the cooling layer are discharged through the refrigerant discharge port, whereby the cold insulation effect due to the vaporization of the refrigerant is maintained for a long time. Can be obtained continuously.

  According to the present invention, the refrigerant evaporated from the cooling layer covered with the water shielding layer is discharged through the discharge port, so that the refrigerant evaporated in the periphery of the cooling layer can be prevented from reaching the saturation amount, Since the refrigerant is replenished through the supply port in the cooling layer that has released the refrigerant by vaporization, the cooling effect due to the vaporization of the refrigerant can be effectively obtained over a long period of time.

Sectional drawing which shows the cooler box as 1st embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the cold insulator as 2nd embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a cooler box 10 as a first embodiment of a cold insulation device having a structure according to the present invention. The cooler box 10 has a rectangular box shape with an accommodation space 12 therein, and includes an open box-shaped box body 14 that opens upward and a lid 16 that covers the opening of the box body 14. .

  The entire peripheral wall portion and bottom wall portion of the box body 14 are provided with a cooling layer 18a, a heat insulating layer 20a serving as a water shielding layer is disposed inside the cooling layer 18a, and a shielding layer is provided outside the cooling layer 18a. It has a structure in which a surface layer 22a as an aqueous layer is arranged.

  The cooling layer 18a is formed of a material having excellent water absorption and moisture absorption / release properties such as sepiolite, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, and allophane, and can efficiently hold the refrigerant 34 described later. Preferably, the cooling layer 18a is formed of sepiolite, so that the cooling layer 18a can hold the refrigerant 34 having a volume approximately three times the volume of the cooling layer 18a. In addition, the cooling layer 18a is composed of, for example, a granular sepiolite filled between the heat insulating layer 20a and the surface layer 22a, or powdered sepiolite sintered in a predetermined shape. A space (not shown) that allows vaporization of the refrigerant 34 is provided between the heat insulating layer 20a and the surface layer 22a.

  Furthermore, the maximum value of the volume of the refrigerant 34 that can be held in the cooling layer 18 a is set in a range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the volume of the accommodation space 12. Thereby, the temperature rise of the accommodation space 12 is effectively suppressed by the cooling of the cooling layers 18a and 18b by vaporization of the refrigerant 34 described later.

  The heat insulating layer 20a is formed of a heat insulating material having a low heat transfer coefficient, and is formed of, for example, a resin foam or the like, and preferably formed of a polyurethane foam (urethane foam) or the like. The heat insulating layer 20a is formed of a material and a structure capable of preventing the passage of the refrigerant 34, and is disposed so as to cover the entire inner surface of the cooling layer 18a. In addition, leakage of the refrigerant 34 to the inside is prevented. The heat insulation layer 20a is preferably a closed cell foam in order to reduce the heat transfer rate, but may be a foam having open cells opened on the surface. Furthermore, the heat insulating layer 20a is preferably formed of a porous heat insulating material, but is not necessarily limited to a foam, and may be formed of a non-foamed material having no bubbles.

  The surface layer 22a is disposed outside the cooling layer 18a and has a function of protecting the cooling layer 18a, and is formed of a hard resin such as polypropylene, for example. Further, the surface layer 22a is capable of blocking the passage of the refrigerant 34 like the heat insulating layer 20a, and is arranged so as to cover the entire outer surface of the cooling layer 18a, whereby the cooling layer 18a. Leakage of the refrigerant 34 to the outside is prevented. A heat insulating layer similar to the heat insulating layer 20a may be provided between the surface layer 22a and the cooling layer 18a to make it difficult to transmit the outside air temperature to the cooling layer 18a. In addition, the cooling layer 18a, the heat insulating layer 20a, and the surface layer 22a can all be in contact with the refrigerant 34, and therefore desirably have corrosion resistance to the refrigerant 34. In this embodiment, the refrigerant 34 is water (water vapor). Has water resistance.

  The box body 14 is provided with a discharge port 24. The discharge port 24 is a hole that penetrates the surface layer 22 a, and the cooling layer 18 a is exposed to the outside at the discharge port 24. In the present embodiment, the discharge port 24 is formed to open on the lower surface of the box body 14, and the discharge port 24 is arranged at the lower part (lower side) of the cooling layer 18a. The discharge port 24 is connected to a tube-shaped discharge line 26, and the end of the discharge line 26 opposite to the discharge port 24 extends to the outside of the passenger compartment where the cooler box 10 is disposed. It extends and is open to the atmosphere. Since the discharge pipe 26 is made of a material having good thermal conductivity such as aluminum or copper, the vaporized refrigerant 34 is efficiently cooled and condensed by the outside air, and is discharged as a liquid. It is produced more efficiently. The cooling layer 18 a and the surface layer 22 a may be tapered at the bottom wall portion of the box body 14 so as to tilt downward toward the discharge port 24.

  The lid 16 has a substantially rectangular plate shape as a whole, and, like the box body 14, each of a heat insulating layer 20b as a water shielding layer and a surface layer 22b as a water shielding layer is provided on both the inner and outer sides of the cooling layer 18b. It has an arranged structure. Since the cooling layer 18b, the heat insulating layer 20b, and the surface layer 22b constituting the lid 16 are substantially the same as the cooling layer 18a, the heat insulating layer 20a, and the surface layer 22a constituting the box body 14, a detailed description is given. Omitted.

  The lid 16 is provided with a supply port 28. The supply port 28 is a hole that penetrates the surface layer 22 b, and the cooling layer 18 b is exposed at the supply port 28. In the present embodiment, the supply port 28 is formed to open on the upper surface of the lid 16, and the supply port 28 is disposed on the upper side (upper side) of the cooling layer 18 b. In addition, a supply pipe 30 is connected to the supply port 28, and an end of the supply pipe 30 opposite to the supply port 28 is connected to a tank 32, and a refrigerant 34 accommodated in the tank 32. Can be supplied to the supply port 28 through the supply line 30. In the present embodiment, the supply amount adjustment valve 36 is provided in the supply pipe line 30, and the flow rate of the refrigerant 34 supplied from the supply port 28 to the cooling layer 18 b can be adjusted by the supply amount adjustment valve 36. Yes.

  The lid 16 is superimposed on the box body 14 from above, and the accommodation space 12 is formed between the box body 14 and the lid 16. Further, the lid 16 is connected to the box body 14 by a hinge 37 at one of the sides, and the lid 16 can be tilted with respect to the box body 14 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Thus, the opening of the box body 14 can be opened and closed by the lid 16. Note that by providing a seal structure between the overlapping surfaces of the upper end of the box body 14 and the lid 16, the airtightness between the overlapping surfaces of the box body 14 and the lid 16 can be improved. In addition, for example, a lock unit that holds the lid 16 in a closed state with respect to the box body 14 may be provided on a side portion facing one side where the hinge 37 is provided.

  The cooler box 10 having such a structure is, for example, for the purpose of suppressing an increase in the temperature of the cold insulation object 38 accommodated in the accommodation space 12 in a high temperature environment such as a car compartment parked under a hot sun. used. The cold storage object 38 accommodated in the accommodation space 12 is not particularly limited. For example, foods, electronic devices, glasses, pharmaceuticals, and the like, which are not preferable in a high temperature environment, or decay, deterioration, or failure due to the high temperature environment. The cold insulation object 38 which becomes a problem etc. is accommodated in the accommodation space 12 as needed. Further, when the cooler box 10 is installed in the vehicle interior, the temperature is relatively difficult to rise even under hot weather, and water vapor is easily discharged out of the vehicle interior by the discharge conduit 26. It is desirable to install in the under tray.

  First, by opening the supply amount adjusting valve 36, the refrigerant 34 stored in the tank 32 is supplied from the supply port 28 to the cooling layers 18a and 18b through the supply line 30, and a sufficient amount of the refrigerant 34 is supplied to the cooling layer 18a. , 18b. In the present embodiment, the cooling layer 18 a of the box body 14 and the cooling layer 18 b of the lid 16 are continuously arranged in the vertical direction in the state where the lid 16 is closed, and the refrigerant 34 is supplied from the supply port 28 to the cooling layer of the lid 16. When supplied to 18 b, the refrigerant 34 that has not been absorbed by the cooling layer 18 b moves downward due to gravity and is supplied to the cooling layer 18 a of the box body 14. Thus, by inserting the refrigerant 34 into the supply port 28, it is possible to supply the refrigerant 34 not only to the cooling layer 18 b of the lid 16 but also to the cooling layer 18 a of the box body 14. It is desirable that the refrigerant 34 is supplied in a liquid phase to the cooling layers 18a and 18b.

  Next, when the temperature of the passenger compartment rises, for example, when the automobile is parked under hot weather, the refrigerant 34 held in the cooling layers 18a, 18b is vaporized (evaporated), and the cooling layers 18a, 18a, 18b is cooled. Thereby, even if the temperature around the cooler box 10 rises, the temperature rise of the accommodation space 12 inside the cooling layers 18a and 18b is suppressed, and the cold insulation object 38 accommodated in the accommodation space 12 is suppressed. Is kept cold.

  Further, the vaporized refrigerant 34 moves in a plane direction between the heat insulating layers 20a and 20b and the surface layers 22a and 22b that do not allow the refrigerant 34 to pass through, and is discharged through the discharge port 24 that penetrates the surface layer 22a of the box body 14. In addition, the refrigerant 34 vaporized by the temperature in the passenger compartment is cooled by the air temperature outside the passenger compartment, which is relatively lower than the temperature in the passenger compartment, in a discharge pipe 26, becomes liquid, and is discharged outside the passenger compartment. . Thereby, it is possible to prevent the amount of water vapor between the heat insulating layers 20a, 20b provided with the cooling layers 18a, 18b and the surface layers 22a, 22b from reaching the saturated water vapor amount, thereby preventing vaporization of the refrigerant 34. It is born continuously.

  When supplying the refrigerant 34 from the supply port 28 to the cooling layers 18a and 18b, the excessively supplied refrigerant 34 exceeding the amount that can be held by the cooling layers 18a and 18b is absorbed by the cooling layers 18a and 18b. Instead, the liquid phase is moved downward and discharged from the discharge port 24. An end of the discharge port 24 opposite to the cooling layers 18a, 18b is opened, for example, outside the passenger compartment of the automobile, and the refrigerant 34 can be discharged out of the vehicle. In the present embodiment, since the coolant 34 is water, the coolant 34 can be discharged from the discharge port 24 without requiring special processing. However, the refrigerant 34 is not limited to water, and may be various antifreezes or oils.

  Further, by appropriately supplying a coolant 34 such as water from the supply port 28 to the cooling layers 18a and 18b and supplementing the coolant 34, vaporization of the coolant 34 can be continuously generated for a long time. . The supply of the refrigerant 34 from the supply port 28 to the cooling layers 18a and 18b is stored in the tank 32 by operating the supply amount adjustment valve 36 at a predetermined time interval set according to the ambient temperature, for example. The refrigerant 34 can be automatically executed. The refrigerant 34 stored in the tank 32 may be replenished by the user as necessary. For example, water generated when the air conditioner of the automobile is used for cooling, or fuel when the fuel cell automobile is running is used. By storing the water produced by the oxidation reaction in the tank 32 as the refrigerant 34, it can be automatically replenished when the automobile is used. The fuel cell uses oxygen as the anode active material and uses fuel (hydrogen) as the cathode active material to perform the combustion reaction electrochemically to obtain electric power. Various known types such as a membrane type, a molten salt type, and a solid electrolyte type may be employed.

  As described above, in the cooler box 10 of the present embodiment, the cooling layers 18a and 18b are continuously cooled by the supply and discharge of the refrigerant 34 through the supply port 28 and the discharge port 24, and therefore the temperature around the cooler box 10 is increased. Even if the temperature rises, an increase in the temperature of the accommodation space 12 in the cooler box 10 is suppressed, and an increase in the temperature of the cold insulation object 38 accommodated in the accommodation space 12 is suppressed.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the heat insulation layers 20a and 20b are provided inside the cooling layers 18a and 18b, even if the temperature of the cooling layers 18a and 18b rises due to a lack of the refrigerant 34, The heat of the cooling layers 18a and 18b is difficult to be transmitted to the accommodation space 12, and the change in the temperature of the accommodation space 12 is mitigated. In the present embodiment, the inner surface of the wall portion of the accommodation space 12 is the cold insulation surface 39 in which the temperature rise is suppressed by the cooling layer 18 and the heat insulation layer 20, and the cold insulation object 38 is in contact with the cold insulation surface 39. It is arranged.

  FIG. 2 shows a cold insulation device 40 as a second embodiment of the present invention. The cold insulator 40 has a structure in which the surface of the cooling layer 42 is covered with a surface layer 44 as a water shielding layer. In addition, in the following description, about the member and site | part substantially the same as 1st embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol in a figure.

  The cooling layer 42 has a plate shape or a column shape extending vertically, and has the water absorption and moisture absorption properties such as sepiolite, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, allophane, and the like, as in the cooling layer 18 of the first embodiment. It is made of a material having excellent properties and can hold the refrigerant 34 such as water in a large volume ratio.

  The surface layer 44 is formed of a hard resin or the like, similar to the surface layer 22 of the first embodiment, and has a material or a structure capable of preventing the passage of the refrigerant 34. The outer peripheral surface and the upper and lower end surfaces of the cooling layer 42 are formed. Each is provided to cover. In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the cooling layer 42 is partially in contact with the surface layer 44 in the circumferential direction, and a gap 45 is formed between the cooling layer 42 and the surface layer 44 in other portions in the circumferential direction. Yes. Further, the bottom wall portion of the surface layer 44 is tapered so as to incline toward a discharge port 48 described later, and a gap 45 is also formed between the bottom wall portion of the surface layer 44 and the lower surface of the cooling layer 42. ing.

  Here, a supply port 46 is provided above the cooling layer 42, and a discharge port 48 is provided below the cooling layer 42. The supply port 46 is a hole that vertically penetrates the surface layer 44 and reaches the cooling layer 42. In this embodiment, a pipe-shaped or tube-shaped supply line 30 is connected to the supply port 46, The end of the conduit 30 opposite to the supply port 46 is connected to the tank 32 that contains the refrigerant 34. The discharge port 48 is a hole that vertically penetrates the surface layer 44 and reaches the cooling layer 42, and in this embodiment, a pipe-shaped or tube-shaped discharge line 26 is connected to the discharge port 48.

  The cold insulation device 40 having such a structure is configured to suppress a temperature rise in the accommodation space 12 by the following cold insulation method. That is, first, the supply amount adjusting valve 36 is opened, so that the refrigerant 34 such as water stored in the tank 32 is supplied from the supply pipe 30 to the cooling layer 42 via the supply port 46. In the present embodiment, the supply port 46 is provided above the cooling layer 42, and the refrigerant 34 supplied from the supply port 46 to the cooling layer 42 moves downward due to gravity. 42 is held substantially throughout.

  When the temperature around the cold insulation device 40 rises, the liquid refrigerant 34 held in the cooling layer 42 is vaporized, so that the heat of vaporization is removed from the cooling layer 42, and the cooling layer 42 and the surface layer 44 in contact therewith are formed. To be cooled. In the present embodiment, at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the surface layer 44 is the cold insulation surface 50 to which the heat of the cooling layer 42 is transmitted, and the cold insulation object 38 that should suppress the temperature rise is in contact with the cold insulation surface 50. Arranged at. Thereby, the overlapping surface of the cold insulation object 38 on the cold insulation surface 50 is cooled, and the temperature rise of the cold insulation object 38 is suppressed.

  Further, the vaporized refrigerant 34 is discharged from the discharge port 48 to the outside through the discharge pipe 26, so that the inside of the surface layer 44 is hardly saturated with the vaporized refrigerant 34, and the vaporization of the refrigerant 34 continuously occurs. As a result, the cooling layer 42 is continuously cooled. In addition, the reduced refrigerant 34 discharged from the discharge port 48 is appropriately supplemented from the supply port 46. By these, the cooling by the vaporization of the refrigerant 34 is maintained for a long time, and the temperature rise of the cold insulation object 38 is suppressed.

  As can be understood from the cold insulation device 40 of the present embodiment, the cold insulation device according to the present invention is not necessarily limited to a box-like one that suppresses the temperature rise of the cold insulation object 38 accommodated therein, and is attached to the surface. The thing of the substantially solid structure which suppresses the temperature rise of the attached cold insulation object 38 may be used.

  In addition, it confirmed also by the following experiments that the outstanding cooling effect was exhibited by the cold-reserving apparatus which concerns on this invention.

  That is, a heat insulation layer as a water shielding layer is formed in a box shape with a hard polyurethane having a thickness of 10 mm, and a surface layer as a water shielding layer is formed in a box shape with a polypropylene having a thickness of 2 mm, and between the heat insulation layer and the surface layer. Was filled with 100 g of powdered sepiolite (“PANGEL (registered trademark) AD” manufactured by TOLSA) having an average particle diameter of 5 μm to form a cooling layer to form a cooler box as a cold insulator according to the present invention. . A supply port reaching the cooling layer was formed in the upper part of the surface layer, and a discharge port reaching the cooling layer was formed in the lower part of the surface layer. Further, the heat insulating layer was formed into a rectangular box shape having an inner size of 90 mm × 170 mm × 20 mm, and the surface layer was formed into a rectangular box shape having an outer size of 126 mm × 206 mm × 56 mm.

  Furthermore, 300 g of water as a refrigerant was supplied from the supply port to the cooling layer, and was absorbed and held in the cooling layer formed of sepiolite, and then set to 50 ° C. assuming the temperature in the sheet under tray under the sun. While installing the cooler box in the thermostat, the discharge pipe connected to the discharge port was extended outside the thermostat so as to be opened to the atmosphere.

  And the thermocouple was arrange | positioned in the inner surface of the heat insulation layer, and the outer surface of the surface layer, and the temperature of the accommodation space formed inside the heat insulation layer was measured with time. As a result, the temperature of the accommodation space was kept at 28 ° C., which was the same as the outside air temperature, for 300 minutes, then gradually increased, and reached 50 ° C., which was the same as the set temperature of the thermostatic chamber after 600 minutes. In addition, when 600 minutes have passed, the water supplied from the supply port to the cooling layer has been completely vaporized, so that the accommodation space is kept cold by the cooling layer being deprived of heat of vaporization and being cooled. Conceivable.

  On the other hand, as a comparative example, when a similar experiment was performed on a cold insulation device (cooler box) configured only by a box-shaped heat insulating layer, the temperature of the accommodation space reached 50 ° C. in 80 minutes, and according to the present invention. It has also been confirmed from the experimental results that the cold insulation device exerts the cold insulation effect continuously over a long period of time as compared with the cold insulation device of the comparative example.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited by the specific description. For example, a plurality of supply ports 28 may be provided, and the refrigerant 34 may be efficiently supplied from the plurality of supply ports 28 to a wide range of the cooling layer 18. Further, a plurality of discharge ports 24 may be provided so that the refrigerant 34 can be discharged from the plurality of discharge ports 24 more efficiently.

  It is also possible to connect the fan 26 and the pump to the discharge pipe 26 to positively discharge the vaporized refrigerant 34. By providing such means for positively discharging the refrigerant 34, the influence on the discharge efficiency due to the formation position of the discharge port 24 or the like is reduced, and the refrigerant 34 can be discharged efficiently. Similarly, if a fan or the like is provided in the supply pipeline 30 and the refrigerant 34 is pumped to the cooling layer 18 side, the refrigerant 34 is cooled even if the supply port 28 is formed below the cooling layer 18, for example. It can be effectively supplied to the layer 18.

  In the cooler box 10 of the first embodiment, the lid 16 may have a structure in which the cooling layer 18b is omitted. Thereby, weight reduction of the lid | cover 16 can be achieved, reducing the heat transfer from atmosphere to the accommodation space 12 with the heat insulation layer 20b. In this case, both the supply port 28 and the discharge port 24 are provided in the box body 14, but the supply port 28 is preferably provided in the upper part of the box body 14.

  Furthermore, the cooling layer 18a is desirably provided over the entire wall portion of the box body 14, but it is sufficient that at least a part of the wall portion of the box body 14 includes the cooling layer 18a. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the structure in which the heat insulation layer 20 was distribute | arranged inside the cooling layer 18 was illustrated, the heat insulation layer 20 may be provided in the outer side of the cooling layer 18, and the inside and outside of the cooling layer 18 may be sufficient as it. It may be provided on both sides. The water shielding layer has a multilayer structure including, for example, a heat insulating layer 20 and a surface layer 22, and the surface of the heat insulating layer 20 is covered with the surface layer 22, thereby protecting the heat insulating layer 20 with the surface layer 22, It is possible to increase the water barrier property.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the cold insulation device according to the present invention is used in the passenger compartment of an automobile has been described. However, the cold insulation device can be used in any place where the temperature rise of the cold insulation object is a concern. For example, it can also be used to keep the object to be kept cold outdoors in summer. The first and second boxes do not need to be independent structures, and for example, the wall of the first box may be formed using an automobile interior panel or the like.

10: cooler box (cooling device), 12: housing space, 18, 42: cooling layer, 20: heat insulation layer (water shielding layer), 22, 44: surface layer (water shielding layer), 24, 48: discharge port, 28 , 46: supply port, 34: refrigerant, 38: object to be kept cool, 40: cooler

Claims (8)

  The cooling layer that holds the refrigerant is covered with a water shielding layer that prevents passage of the refrigerant, and the cooling layer that is held in the cooling layer is vaporized to cool the cooling layer. A cold insulation device, characterized in that a supply port for supplying the refrigerant and a discharge port for discharging the refrigerant vaporized from the cooling layer are provided.   The cold storage device according to claim 1, wherein the supply port is disposed above the cooling layer, and the discharge port is disposed below the cooling layer.   The cold-reserving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cooling layer contains sepiolite.   The cold-reserving device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the refrigerant contains water.   The cold-reserving device according to claim 4, wherein the refrigerant includes at least one of water generated during use of the fuel cell and water generated during cooling by an air conditioner.   6. The housing space including a wall portion having a structure in which the water shielding layer is provided on both the inside and outside of the cooling layer, and at least a part of the water shielding layer is formed of a heat insulating material. The cold insulation apparatus as described in any one of these.   The housing space includes a wall having a structure in which the water shielding layer is provided on both the inner and outer sides of the cooling layer, and the maximum volume of the refrigerant that can be held by the cooling layer is the housing space. The cold-reserving device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the volume of the cold-retaining device is set. Supplying the refrigerant from a supply port to a cooling layer covered with a water shielding layer that prevents passage of the refrigerant and capable of holding the refrigerant;
Evaporating the refrigerant held in the cooling layer to cool the cooling layer;
And a step of discharging the refrigerant vaporized from the cooling layer from a discharge port.

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