JP2018174767A - Agricultural work management apparatus and agricultural work management method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize information on the components and functions of agricultural products in order to improve the yield and quality of agricultural products, reduce fertilizers, reduce pesticides and reduce costs. SOLUTION: It is represented by a supply information acquisition means for acquiring supply information which is information about a pesticide or fertilizer supply supplied to a field, and a supply information obtained by the supply information acquisition means. Ingredient information acquisition means for acquiring component information representing the components that make up the supply, and external factors that affect the growth of crops are determined from at least one of the viewpoints of physiological properties, ecological properties, and living environment. The reference information acquisition means for acquiring the reference information about the component of the offer as an external factor shown in the system diagram shown, and the component information acquired by the component information acquisition means and the reference information acquisition means. The problem is solved by an agricultural work management device having a component excess / deficiency determination means for determining the excess / deficiency of the components of the supply supplied to the field based on the reference information. [Selection diagram] Fig. 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural operation management apparatus and an agricultural operation management method for providing information on excess and deficiency of fertilizers and pesticides supplied to a field, and excess and deficiency of agricultural operations.

  JP-A 2009-28005 presents, to the user, use restriction information on the use restriction of the supplied substance before using the supplied substance (pesticide and fertilizer) to be supplied to the field for cultivating a predetermined item Storing the usage amount information of the supplied substance inputted by the user, and if the usage number of times for the supplied material has not reached the usage restricted number, input of the usage amount of the supplied substance to the user An apparatus for prompting In this apparatus, the components of the agrochemical and the fertilizer are recorded in the agrochemical information file and the fertilizer information file, and the usage amount of the supplied substance is converted into each component and used.

  Further, Japanese Patent No. 6084098 discloses a system in which a farm worker can input his / her farm work information into a server via the Internet and view his / her work information.

  Also, on the Internet, a system named Agrinote is disclosed. This system is similar to the system described in Patent No. 6084098. Farm workers enter their farming information from their own personal computer or mobile phone to the server via the Internet and see their own working information A system that can In this system, workers record the pesticides and fertilizers used in the field in the system, but at that time, with regard to databases of pesticides and fertilizers, they use databases managed by the National Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Consumer Safety Center. ing. In addition, in the database managed by the Independent Administrative Agency, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Consumer Safety Center, information on the components of individual pesticides and fertilizers is disclosed.

  However, in any of the above-described conventional techniques, pesticides or fertilizers provided by agricultural workers to the field are analyzed in terms of raw materials, components, and functions constituting the pesticides or fertilizers, and further, those raw materials, components, and functions And external requirements (external requirements are indicated by ingredients and functions) shown in the phylogenetic diagram showing external factors that influence the growth of agricultural products in terms of physiological and ecological properties and living environment. It collated and judged whether the pesticides or fertilizers given to the field, and thus the ingredients and functions were just enough or not, and if it was excessive, stopped using pesticides or fertilizers given to the fields and was short There is no disclosure of technical ideas such as adding pesticides or fertilizers to be given to the field in the case. In order to realize high yield and high quality of agricultural products while aiming to reduce fertilizer, reduce pesticides and save costs, it is necessary to have accurate information on the necessity of each ingredient contained in pesticides and fertilizers, the conventional technology So, I could not finish this, which was a problem.

JP 2009-28005 Patent No. 6084098

http://www.agri-note.jp/manual/ (March 27, 2017) A system named "agri-note" listed on the homepage of Watercell Co., Ltd.

  When cultivating crops, the use of fertilizers and pesticides is essential. With regard to fertilizers, under the Fertilizer Act, “For the purpose of providing nutrients for plants and for the purpose of providing for plant nutrition or for causing chemical change in the soil to contribute to plant cultivation, It is defined as "the thing to be done." That is, the term "fertilizer" is a concept including an active agent which is applied supplementarily aiming at effects such as enhancing the physiological activity of plants.

  Pesticides and fertilizers contain components necessary for the growth of agricultural products, and those effective for the growth of agricultural products are selected according to the purpose each time. Its purpose may be the ultimate goal such as high yield and high quality, but it supplements essential elements to prevent physiological disorders, and reduce or eliminate certain bacteria such as pathogens. , May be a small purpose in the growth process. In such cases, with regard to what kind of component, what component, where, and so forth, much has been known from the accumulation of research so far, and as a result, such purpose Pesticides and fertilizers that are compatible with The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries also records data on pesticides and fertilizer components.

  On cultivation of crops, a plan of cultivation is prepared by experts such as instructors of the agricultural union, according to items, varieties, cropping types of crops, climate of the field, degree of experience of workers and the situation of the field There is a case. The contents of the plan are diverse, including the types and amounts of pesticides and fertilizers used, the methods and timing of applying pesticides and fertilizers, etc. Farmers may also do their own work in their own way without such guidance. In any case, where it is necessary to select pesticides and fertilizers, manufacturers of pesticides and fertilizers may sometimes choose to believe in the display of features that they offer or simply select them because they are popular. There was a case where use was continued without intention while the actual effect was unclear. Leaving this condition leads to a situation where the pesticides / fertilizers in use do not contain the actually necessary ingredients or the ingredients are used in duplicate.

  In the invention concerning the example of this application, it makes it a subject to analyze the ingredient and function of an agrochemical and a fertilizer, and to grasp those ingredient and function which were given to the field. Furthermore, in order to achieve high yield and high quality of agricultural products, improve fertilizer reduction, pesticide reduction, and cost reduction, it is an issue to effectively use information of their components and functions.

  The information is not limited to the use of the workers themselves, but is used to instruct the workers, for example, all relevant persons, such as specialists of agricultural cooperative instructors, to efficiently carry out the agricultural work of the field. .

  A feed information acquiring means for acquiring feed information which is information on a pesticide or fertilizer supply supplied to a field, and a feed represented by the feed information obtained by the feed information acquiring means Component information acquisition means for acquiring component information representing the constituent components, and a system diagram showing external factors affecting growth of agricultural products in at least one of physiological characteristics, ecological characteristics, and living environment. Obtained by the reference information acquisition means and the reference information acquisition means for acquiring reference information on the component of the provided product as the external factor, and the ingredient information acquired by the ingredient information acquisition means The problem is solved by an agricultural operation management apparatus including: an excess / shortage determining unit that determines excess or deficiency of a component of the feed supplied to the field based on the reference information.

  The outline of the entire system according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows an example of a schematic configuration of an agricultural work management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a portable terminal or personal computer 20 and a sensor 15 and server device 10 installed in a field are Internet etc. It is possible to transmit and receive information through all the transmission paths including the circuit, and so forth. A worker or the like of each farmer uses the portable terminal or the personal computer 20. A worker or the like inputs basic information at the start of the system or inputs work information in use of the system from the portable terminal or the personal computer 20. In addition, the information processed by the server device 10 is displayed on the portable terminal or personal computer 20.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the server device 10 includes a communication unit 12 for transmitting and receiving information to and from a portable terminal or personal computer 20 or a sensor 15 installed in a field. In addition, a processing unit 11 for functioning as an agricultural work system, and a storage unit 13 for storing information such as systematic diagram information and component / functional analysis information are provided.

  Referring to FIG. 3, the processing unit accesses the communication terminal device to acquire and store basic information, work information and field information. Pesticide information and fertilizer information are extracted from the obtained information (supply information acquisition means). Analyze the components and functions of pesticides from the pesticide information obtained by extraction and obtain pesticide component information and pesticide function information, analyze the components and functions of fertilizer from the fertilizer information obtained by extraction, fertilizer component information and fertilizer function Get information (component information acquisition means). A standard for external factors that influence the growth of crops by reading out a phylogenetic diagram that represents external factors that affect the growth of crops with at least one of physiological characteristics, ecological characteristics, and living environment. Generates information (standard information acquisition means, standard information generation means), pesticide component information, pesticide function information, fertilizer component information, fertilizer function information, and reference information, collating, pesticide excess and deficiency judgment processing, and fertilizer excess and deficiency A determination process is performed (excess / insufficiency determination means). Also, the determination result is transmitted (determination result transmission means).

  The reference information is selected from a system diagram showing external factors affecting the growth of agricultural products in at least one of physiological characteristics, ecological characteristics and living environment aspects (illustrated in FIG. 6). ). That is, for achieving a predetermined purpose, there is a means corresponding thereto, and necessary components are present in the process of achieving the purpose. The types of components required in the process from start to goal for achieving such purpose and the conditions under which the components function corresponds to the basic information.

  The said supply information acquisition means solves a subject by the agricultural-work management apparatus which has a receiving means which receives the said supply information transmitted from a communication terminal device via a predetermined | prescribed network.

  Supplied substance information is information on pesticides and fertilizers applied to the field. These pieces of information are input from the communication terminal device and transmitted to the farming operation management device via a predetermined network, and the receiving device of the farming operation management device receives the information. By using the network, all inconveniences caused by geographical factors and time factors are eliminated.

  The problem is solved by the farm work management apparatus having a determination result transmitting unit that transmits the determination result on the excess or deficiency of the component of the feed obtained by the component excess or deficiency determining unit to the communication terminal via the network.

  The judgment result of the excess and deficiency of the ingredients can be made to reach the specialists such as the instructor at the same time as appearing on the operation screen of the worker. By doing so, it is possible to quickly determine whether to add or stop using fertilizers and pesticides. You can have a quick consultation on actual data between farmers' workers and their leaders. The scheduled application date and time and date of application of the pesticides and fertilizers or similar materials are displayed on the operator's operation screen and are also delivered to specialists such as instructors. By doing so, it leads to prevention of forgetting the work of the farmer's workers, and judgment of changes in the selection and usage of fertilizers and pesticides or materials equivalent to the convenience of the life of the farmers' workers and economic convenience. Can be done quickly. In addition, you can have a quick consultation on actual data between farmers' workers and their leaders.

  The agricultural work management apparatus uses the farmland information including at least the temperature information transmitted from the communication terminal apparatus via the predetermined network for the determination in the component excess / deficiency determining means to solve the problem.

  Field temperature, soil temperature, ph, EC (electrical conductivity) data affect the growth of crops. In this example, the physiological characteristics of the growth of crops, the characteristics of the living environment In addition, it is possible to use the information so that the growth of agricultural products can be extended after grasping matters such as what time it affects.

  For example, the temperature of the soil on the date when a certain component is applied may be found by the field information, and the component may have a characteristic that it does not function at such temperature of soil. In such a case, it is judged that the component applied at that time did not function sufficiently, and is used for the component excess / deficiency judging means.

  The task is solved by the agricultural work management apparatus which uses the work information transmitted from the communication terminal apparatus via the predetermined network for the judgment in the component excess / deficiency judging means.

  The work information used here is, for example, the following information. For example, if the time when a certain component was given was given several weeks later than the date when it should have been given, that component will not function if given at such a late time There are cases where you have a specific,. In such a case, it is judged that the component applied at that time did not function sufficiently, and is used for the component excess / deficiency judging means.

  Also, for example, when an operation such as early detection of a disease caused by a certain fungus and cutting off a branch infected with the fungus is performed, a pesticide or fertilizer for eliminating the remaining bacteria is determined. The fact that the work was done is used for judgment.

  A feed information acquisition step of acquiring feed information which is information on a pesticide or fertilizer supply supplied to the field, and a feed represented by the supply information obtained by the feed information acquisition step A systematic diagram showing the component information acquisition step of acquiring component information representing the component to be configured, and the external factor affecting the growth of the crop with at least one of respective viewpoints of physiological property, ecological property and living environment A reference information acquisition step of acquiring reference information on the component of the provided product as the external factor, and component information acquired in the component information acquisition step and the reference information acquisition step Determining the excess or deficiency of the component of the feed supplied to the field based on the reference information and determining the excess or deficiency of the component Resolve.

  Pesticides and fertilizers are labeled as functional but it is not always clear and accurate. "Which ingredients do you work on where in the crop?" "Which effect?" "Even if the ingredients are included in the raw materials, they are made by a process that leaves them when they become pesticides and fertilizers. In many cases, it is difficult to determine whether such pesticides or fertilizers should be used for crops.

  According to this embodiment, since the pesticide can accurately grasp the component contained in the fertilizer and the function provided, the significance of using the pesticide and the fertilizer can be known accurately.

  Moreover, when using several pesticides and fertilizers, there may be duplication of a function and there is a waste in cost. Regarding fertilizer components (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.), fertilization design technology based on the results of soil analysis has already been established, but this is a part of the chemical properties of soil in the living environment of crops. There is no technology established from the viewpoint of physical and biological properties in soil, the living environment of crops in a broader sense, or the physiological and ecological properties of crops themselves. Taking these points into consideration comprehensively, it is possible to stop the use of overlapping pesticides / fertilizers if it is easy to know that the functions overlap.

It is an explanatory view showing the whole system concerning this embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing a server apparatus concerning this embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing a flow of processing in a processing unit concerning this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship of the fertilizer based on Example 1, a raw material, a component, and a function. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the fertilizer based on Example 1, a function, and a score. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a system diagram according to a first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the field information or work information which concern on Example 2 and Example 3, and the relationship of a function. An example of a system diagram is shown.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  At the start of use of the system, the operator inputs basic information (not shown) from a basic information input screen which appears on the screen of the mobile phone or personal computer (hereinafter referred to as "screen"). Basic information is sent to the server via the Internet or the like.

The contents of the basic information are as follows. All of them are not free entry, but are selection entry in the form of selecting from the listed items.
[Basic information]
(1) Worker's address,
(2) Name of worker, name,
(3) Items, varieties and cropping types of agricultural products,
(4) Shipment destination of agricultural products,
(5) Restrictions set by the shipping destination (6) Fertilizers applied by that time (mainly manure), pesticides (7) Future work

  The restrictions defined by the (5) shipping destination of the basic information are the limitations of the quality that the shipping destination determines, the limitations of pesticides and fertilizers, and the limitations of the delivery date.

  The work scheduled for the future (7) of the basic information includes, for example, information on pesticides and fertilizers to be applied in the future, with information on the timing of application. Such work schedules are usually prepared under the guidance of experts, such as, for example, the instructors of agricultural cooperatives, to increase crop yields.

  After starting to use the system, the worker inputs work information from a work information input screen that appears on a screen of a PC, a mobile phone, or the like. The work information is sent to the server via the Internet or the like.

The contents of the work information are as follows. Neither is a free entry, but is a selective entry as with the basic information.
[Work information]
(1) Date and time,
(2) Work contents applied (3) Applied pesticides / fertilizers (only in the case of (2) fertilization / pesticide spraying)
(4) Spreading method (only in the case of (2) fertilization, pesticide spreading)
(5) Weather (6) Status

  The status of (6) is, for example, the date visually confirmed when there is feeding damage caused by pests, distribution status (concentration in part, partial, uniform etc.), incidence (less than 5% of all strains) , 10 to 20 percent, etc., transition (not changing, randomly increasing, moving to the next side, etc.), occurrence status (the first occurrence this year, annual occurrence once a few years etc).

  The task information is always collated with the future task (7) of the basic information. The collation result is displayed on the operator's screen, and the operator can view it.

  The field is equipped with a thermometer, a soil salinity measuring device, and a ph measuring device, and the following data is periodically measured and sent to the server as field information.

The contents of the field information are as follows.
[Field information]
(1) Date (2) Temperature (converted to leaf temperature)
(3) Soil temperature (4) Soil salinity (EC)
(5) Soil acidity (ph)
Basic information, work information, and field information,

  The basic information and the work information sent to the server are processed by the processing unit of the server to be analyzed into components and functions, and are further compared with reference information obtained from the system diagram to determine excess or deficiency. The above will be described with reference to FIGS.

  With reference to FIG. 4, the relationship between components and functions when fertilizers applied to the field are fertilizer A, fertilizer B and fertilizer C will be described. Fertilizer A contains raw materials d-1, d-2, d-3 and d-4. The raw material d-1 contains the components e-1, e-2 and e-3. Component e-1 comprises functions f-1 and f-3. Moreover, the fertilizer A is equipped with the function f-2 by an intrinsic function. The fertilizer B can be similarly divided into raw materials, components and functions.

  As a result, there is A → d1 → e1 → f1 as a route from which the function f1 is obtained by applying the fertilizer A. Similarly, a route where a function can be obtained by applying the fertilizer A, the fertilizer B and the fertilizer C is shown in FIG.

  With regard to the function obtained by each fertilizer, by clarifying the route, it is possible to score the degree of function by each fertilizer as follows. For example, the degree of the function when passing through A → d 1 → e 1 → f 1 is determined by the concentration of the raw material d 1 and the component e 1 contained in the fertilizer A as a route for obtaining the function f 1 by applying the fertilizer A The degree of effect of the function when passing through this route can be represented by a coefficient according to the concentration of these raw materials and components. This factor is referred to herein as the contribution factor N. Here, the contribution factor N is 0 <Na ≦ 2, for example, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, etc., and is a numerical value of 0.5 to 0.5.

Assuming that the contribution coefficient N when passing through A → d 1 → e 1 → f ₁ is A ₁ as a route by which the function f 1 is obtained by applying the fertilizer A, the degree of effect when passing through this route is “ It can be 1 x A ₁ "point.

The function f2 has a route of A → d1 → e3 → f2 and a route of A → f2 and two routes. If there are two routes, the score will be the product of these figures multiplied by one for the year 20000. Therefore, the score for the function f2 of the fertilizer A is obtained by multiplying the score for the route A → d1 → e3 → f2 (1 × A ₂₁ ) and the score for the route A → f2 (1 × A ₂₂ ) In total, it is (1 × A ₂₁ ) × (1 × A ₂₂ ) points.

  The score about each function of each fertilizer obtained by the same calculation is shown in FIG. Workers can use this score as a guide when selecting fertilizers in relation to the function to be obtained for the growth of the crop.

  The relationship between the system diagram and the function will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, a system diagram will be described. A phylogenetic diagram is a diagram showing external factors that affect the growth of agricultural products, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, in at least one of physiological characteristics, ecological characteristics, and each aspect of living environment. As the goal of crops is to harvest more quality crops, the thick horizontal arrows in the middle of FIG. 8 are directed to harvest more quality crops. In order to harvest many good quality crops, for example, “nutrient supplementation (indicated as“ B ”in FIG. 8)” is required. For “nutrient supplementation”, “carbon supply” or “balance” is required. It is necessary to supply an appropriate amount of NPK (appropriate NPK), and for the purpose of "balanced NPK supply", for example, "phosphorus (P) supply" is required. In order for agricultural products to sufficiently absorb phosphorus, “appropriate temperature for absorption from roots” is required. Furthermore, in order to harvest many good quality crops, it is also essential to arrange “Soil Fungus Environment (shown as“ A ”in FIG. 8)”. For example, in order to prepare “Soil Fungus Environment” "Mature ripe manure" is necessary. Among the above, for example, external factors such as "phosphorus supply" and "carbon supply" are factors from the viewpoint of physiological properties, and "leaf scraping", "berry picking" and "activation of roots" are ecological point of view "Solubization of phosphorus" and "Bacterial density" are factors from the viewpoint of living environment.

  FIG. 6 conceptually shows a system diagram. In order to achieve "Aim", there is a medium means "Measure", and there are specific components and actions to achieve the purpose along the means, and the specific components and actions function. The purpose is achieved. For this reason, such a specific component or action is called "function (f-1, f-2, f-3, ...)". As shown in FIG. 4, the fertilizer fed to the field can be analyzed to specific components and such components can be applied to the function to achieve the purpose shown in FIG.

  In this case, when fertilizer A and fertilizers B and C were applied, the total points of the respective functions are as shown in FIG. 5, and in order to achieve the set purpose, f-5 and f-6 It is determined that f-2, f-3 and f-4 are in excess, while the functional component is lacking.

  A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, when an act other than the act of applying pesticides and fertilizers is performed during the agricultural work, such act is considered as an object of determination when such an act applies to the function of the system diagram. It is an example.

  Actions other than applying pesticides and fertilizers are, for example, to scrape leaves (remove some leaves to improve sunlight and ventilation), cut back (in order to ferment compost, so that air is mixed with compost) It is an act such as mixing from the bottom). When such an operation is performed, the worker records it as the operation content of the operation information (2), and as described above, it is sent to the server via the Internet or the like.

  For example, leaf scraping is listed as an external factor (function) that influences the light environment optimization or the demand-supply balance adjustment in the system diagram shown in FIG. In addition, reversion is cited as a function in making a fully ripe manure from unfermented organic matter.

  Such an action is the object of judgment, for example, in the following case. Referring to the system diagram of FIG. 8, for example, in order to make a mature ripe manure, unfermented organic matter (a1) is added, anaerobic bacteria are added (a2), and then the initial anaerobic state is switched (a3) It is an external factor (function) that affects, in the case of purchasing and applying ready-made mature ripe manure without self-producing compost, applying unfermented organic matter or from the viewpoint of making mature ripe manure The addition of anaerobic bacteria is a meaningless act, and it affects, for example, the decision on the provision of materials containing anaerobic bacteria, such as cultures of anaerobic bacteria.

  According to FIG. Example 3 will be described. The third embodiment is an embodiment in which, when the field information applies to the function of the system diagram, such information is a target of determination.

  As mentioned above, the field information is information on air temperature, soil temperature, etc., and is periodically measured and sent to the server.

  The field information is the target of the judgment, for example, in the following case. Referring to the system diagram of FIG. 8, external factors (functions) affected by phosphorus solubilization (b2) and absorption temperature for absorbing phosphorus (b4) for supplying phosphorus (b1) However, even if external factors (functions) such as phosphorus supply and phosphorus solubilization are given by fertilizers and pesticides, it is found by field information that the temperature at which they function is not appropriate. In addition, it affects the judgment on the fertilizer given due to external factors (functions) such as phosphorus supply and phosphorus solubilization.

Claims (6)

A supply information acquisition means for acquiring supply information which is information on a supply of pesticides or fertilizers supplied to the field;
Component information acquisition means for acquiring component information representing a component constituting a supply represented by the supply information obtained by the supply information acquisition means;
Regarding components of the provided as the external factor shown in the system diagram showing external factors affecting the growth of agricultural products in at least one of physiological characteristics, ecological characteristics and respective aspects of living environment Reference information acquisition means for acquiring reference information;
Component excess / deficiency to determine excess or deficiency of the component of the supply supplied to the field based on the component information acquired by the component information acquisition unit and the reference information acquired by the reference information acquisition unit A farm work management apparatus having a determination means. The supply information acquisition means is
The agricultural operation management apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a receiving unit configured to receive the supply information transmitted from the communication terminal apparatus via a predetermined network.   3. The agricultural operation management apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: a determination result transmitting unit that transmits the determination result on the excess or deficiency of the component of the feed obtained by the component excess or deficiency determining unit to the communication terminal via the network.   The agricultural operation management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein farmland information including at least temperature information transmitted from the communication terminal device via a predetermined network is used for the judgment in the component excess / deficiency judging means.   The agricultural work management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein work information transmitted from a communication terminal apparatus via a predetermined network is used for the judgment in the component excess / deficiency judging means. A feed information acquisition step of acquiring feed information which is information on a supply of agricultural chemicals or fertilizers supplied to the field;
A component information acquisition step of acquiring component information representing a component constituting a supply represented by the supply information obtained by the supply information acquisition step;
Regarding components of the provided as the external factor shown in the system diagram showing external factors affecting the growth of agricultural products in at least one of physiological characteristics, ecological characteristics and respective aspects of living environment A standard information acquisition step of acquiring standard information;
Component excess and deficiency for determining excess and deficiency of the component of the supply supplied to the field based on the component information acquired in the component information acquisition step and the reference information acquired in the reference information acquisition step A method of managing farming operations comprising: determining.

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