JP2018160887A - Transmitter and receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple transmitting device and a simple receiving device capable of simplifying a configuration of the receiving device that receives a plurality of signals and of dealing with information security and increase in transmission data amount.SOLUTION: A receiving device comprises a reception antenna, a sub-antenna, and a variable reactance element controller. The reception antenna receives a wireless signal. The sub-antenna is electromagnetically coupled with the reception antenna, and is connected with a variable reactance element whose reactance is changed depending on an applied voltage. The variable reactance element controller controls the reception by applying to the variable reactance element a plurality of sinusoidal signals having different frequencies. In addition, the sub-antenna is used for a transmitting device to deal with information security and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present technology relates to a transmission device and a reception device. Specifically, the present invention relates to a transmission device and a reception device having a plurality of antennas.

  Conventionally, signals transmitted in wireless communication are transmitted via a plurality of routes that are reflected from a building or the like and reach the receiving device in addition to a route that directly reaches the receiving device. That is, it is multiplexed and transmitted by a plurality of paths. Such a form of wireless transmission is called multipath, and the transmitted signal has a different delay time for each path. For this reason, when these signals are received simultaneously, interference between the received signals occurs, the signal level fluctuates, and the reception performance is degraded. In order to prevent this, a receiving apparatus that selects a path and performs reception by changing the antenna directivity in the receiving apparatus is used. For example, a receiving apparatus including an array antenna configured by an excitation element and a non-excitation element arranged so as to surround the excitation element is used (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this receiving apparatus, by changing the reactance of each reactance element connected to each non-excitation element, the directivity of the entire array antenna is changed to the directivity that improves the sensitivity in a desired direction. Receive. As a result, a signal is received from the direction in which the reception state is optimal, and reception performance is improved.

  In addition, with the increase in mobile communication such as mobile phones and indoor communication terminals such as Wi-Fi (wireless LAN), the amount of communication data has increased rapidly. To cope with this, the transmission speed has been improved. There is a need to expand the coverage area of base stations and reduce antenna size (receiver size). Furthermore, it is also required to use a simple device to investigate the direction of arrival of radio waves, information security needs, increase in the amount of data to be transmitted, and monitoring.

JP 2002-261529

  On the other hand, in the receiving apparatus of Patent Document 1, it takes time to search for reactance that is in an optimal reception state in a communication path environment that fluctuates at high speed, and it is difficult to follow changes in the communication environment. There is. Also, in a communication path environment where a huge number of multipaths exist, it is difficult to search for an optimal reception state. In addition, as an effective method for performing large-capacity communication, there is a method of installing a large number of antennas, but there is a problem that the antenna size becomes large.

  The present technology has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides a simplified transmission device that simplifies the configuration of a reception device that receives a plurality of incoming signals and that applies the technology of the reception device. The purpose is that.

  According to a first aspect of the present technology, a receiving antenna that receives a radio signal, a sub-antenna that is electromagnetically coupled to the receiving antenna and is connected to a variable reactance element that changes reactance according to an applied voltage, The receiving device includes a variable reactance element control unit that controls the reception by applying a plurality of periodic voltage waveforms orthogonal to each other to the variable reactance element. By applying a plurality of periodic voltage waveforms orthogonal to each other to the variable reactance element connected to the sub-antenna, it is possible to change the characteristics of the receiving antenna that is electromagnetically coupled to the sub-antenna and to receive a plurality of signals. .

  In the first aspect, the sub-antenna is connected to the plurality of variable reactance elements, and the variable reactance element control unit applies the plurality of periodic voltage waveforms to the plurality of variable reactance elements, respectively. Also good. As a result, a plurality of periodic voltage waveforms are respectively applied to the plurality of variable reactance elements.

  In the first aspect, a plurality of the sub antennas may be arranged, and the variable reactance element control unit may apply the plurality of periodic voltage waveforms to the plurality of variable reactance elements, respectively. As a result, a plurality of periodic voltage waveforms are respectively applied to the plurality of variable reactance elements.

  In the first aspect, the signal processing unit further includes a signal calculation processing unit that obtains an antenna pattern of the electric field strength of the received radio wave by weighting and combining the received signal that has been multidimensionalized, and the variable reactance element control unit includes: The multidimensional received signal may be received by applying a multidimensional signal to the variable reactance element.

  The first aspect may further include a control unit that controls the reception by applying a predetermined signal to the variable reactance element, and a signal processing unit that processes the received reception signal. Good.

  In the first aspect, the control unit applies the signals having different waveforms to the variable reactance elements as the predetermined signals, thereby setting the directivity of the receiving antenna based on the waveforms of the signals. It may be changed constantly.

  Further, in the first aspect, the control unit is a signal having a waveform obtained by adding different periodic waveforms and antenna patterns generated by the periodic waveforms by modulating the amplitude and phase of a plurality of orthogonal signals. May be applied to each variable reactance element as the predetermined signal to constantly change the directivity of the receiving antenna based on the waveform of each signal.

  In the first aspect, the signal processing unit includes a signal waveform multiplication unit that multiplies the received signal by a signal based on each voltage waveform applied by the variable reactance control unit and demodulates the received signal, and the demodulated signal. Each of the signals may be provided with a weight multiplying unit that multiplies the weights and a combining unit that combines the weighted signals.

  In the first aspect, the signal waveform multiplication unit may multiply the reception signal by a signal having the same waveform as each voltage waveform applied by the variable reactance control unit.

  Further, in the first aspect, the signal waveform multiplication unit corresponds to an orthogonal signal of each voltage waveform applied by the variable reactance control unit, an orthogonal signal constituting a time-varying waveform of the antenna pattern, and a complex conjugate thereof. The received signal may be multiplied by any of the signals to be transmitted.

  In addition, a second aspect of the present technology includes a transmitter that generates a signal and a carrier for transmitting a radio signal, a transmission antenna that transmits the signal and the carrier, and electromagnetically coupled to the transmission antenna. A sub-transmission antenna unit including a signal generation unit connected to a sub-transmission antenna that multiplies the signal of the signal generation unit by the radio signal.

  In the second aspect, the signal generating unit includes a sub-transmission antenna that is electromagnetically coupled to the transmission antenna and to which a variable reactance element whose reactance changes according to an applied voltage is connected; and the variable reactance element And a variable reactance element control unit that generates a signal for controlling.

  In the second aspect, the variable reactance element control unit further includes a confidentiality / confidentiality signal setting unit, and the variable reactance element control unit generates a signal based on the setting of the signal setting unit. Also good.

  According to the present technology, there is an excellent effect of simplifying the configuration of a transmission device and a reception device that receive a plurality of incoming signals.

It is a figure showing an example of composition of a receiving device concerning a 1st embodiment of this art. It is a figure which shows the antenna output spectrum at the time of carrying out the spread modulation of the antenna pattern. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a signal processing part concerning a 1st embodiment of this art. It is a figure which shows the received signal spectrum at the time of multiplying the received signal of FIG. 2 by the spreading code 3 in the signal processing unit. It is a figure showing another example of composition of a receiving device concerning a 1st embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a receiving device concerning a 2nd embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of a received signal concerning a 2nd embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a signal processing part concerning a 3rd embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a signal processing part concerning a 5th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a receiving device concerning a 6th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing other examples of composition of a receiving device concerning a 6th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing other examples of composition of a receiving device concerning a 7th embodiment of this art. It is a figure which shows contrast with the prior art example of the receiver which concerns on 8th and 9th embodiment of this technique, (a) is a figure which shows the conventional transmission / reception system, (b) is based on this invention It is a figure which shows a virtual transmission / reception system. It is a figure showing other examples of composition of a receiving device concerning an 8th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a high frequency front end concerning an 8th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a signal processing part concerning an 8th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a signal processing part concerning a 9th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a transmitting device and a receiving device concerning a 10th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a transmitting device and a receiving device concerning an 11th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a transmitting device and a receiving device concerning a 12th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a transmitting device and a receiving device concerning a 13th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a transmitting device and a receiving device concerning a 14th embodiment of this art. It is a figure showing a signal of a transmitting device and a receiving device concerning a 14th embodiment of this art. (A) shows the broadband spectrum Bv, (b) shows the broadband spectrum Bs, and (c) shows the broadband spectrum Bs + Bv.

  Next, a mode for carrying out the present technology (hereinafter referred to as an embodiment) will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, the drawings are schematic, and the dimensional ratios of the respective parts do not necessarily match the actual ones. Also, it goes without saying that the drawings include portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios.

<1. First Embodiment>
[Receiver configuration]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiving device according to the first embodiment of the present technology. The receiving device 1 includes a receiving antenna 10, a high frequency front end 20, a signal processing unit 30, and sub antenna units 41 and 42. Note that three or more sub-antenna units may be provided as shown in FIG.

  The receiving antenna 10 is an antenna that receives a transmitted signal. This receiving antenna 10 constitutes an array antenna together with sub antennas 411 and 412 described later. Moreover, although the receiving antenna 10 is configured to assume a monopole antenna, the configuration in the present invention is not limited to this.

  The high frequency front end 20 processes a high frequency signal received by the receiving antenna 10. The high-frequency front end 20 includes, for example, a high-frequency amplification unit, a frequency conversion unit, a bandpass filter, and an analog / digital conversion unit.

  Here, the high frequency amplification unit performs amplification of the high frequency signal received by the receiving antenna 10. The frequency converter converts the amplified high-frequency signal into an intermediate frequency or baseband frequency signal. The frequency converter converts the high frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal. The bandpass filter is a filter that removes an unnecessary frequency signal included in an intermediate frequency signal or the like. The analog-to-digital conversion unit converts an intermediate frequency signal, which is an analog signal, into a digital signal. The signal received by the receiving antenna 10 by the high frequency front end 20 is converted into a digital received signal and output to the signal processing unit 30.

  The signal processing unit 30 performs processing on the digital reception signal output from the high frequency front end 20. This signal processing corresponds to, for example, demodulation in which received data such as voice is generated by demodulating according to a modulation method of a digital received signal. Details of the configuration of the signal processing unit 30 will be described later.

  The sub antenna units 41 and 42 act on the receiving antenna 10 to change the antenna pattern in the receiving antenna 10. The sub antenna unit 41 includes a sub antenna 411, a variable reactance element 421, a variable reactance element control unit 431, and a voltage source 441. The variable reactance element 421 is connected between the sub antenna 411 and the ground. The variable reactance element control unit 431 and the voltage source 441 connected in series are connected to the variable reactance element 421 in parallel. The sub antenna unit 42 includes a sub antenna 412, a variable reactance element 422, a variable reactance element control unit 432, and a voltage source 442. These are connected in the same manner as the sub-antenna unit 41.

  The sub antennas 411 and 412 are antennas that are electromagnetically coupled to the receiving antenna 10. The sub-antennas 411 and 412 are electromagnetically coupled by being disposed close to the receiving antenna 10. For example, the distance to the receiving antenna 10 is set close to a distance shorter than ½ of the wavelength of the received signal.

  The variable reactance elements 421 and 422 are elements that can change their reactance. By connecting the variable reactance elements 421 and 422 to the sub antennas 411 and 412 in series, the reactance of the sub antennas 411 and 412 can be changed. As the variable reactance elements 421 and 422, for example, variable capacitance diodes can be used. The variable capacitance diode is a diode whose capacitance changes according to a voltage applied in the reverse direction at the PN junction. By changing the applied voltage in the reverse direction, the capacitance, that is, the reactance can be changed.

  Voltage sources 441 and 442 are power sources that apply reverse bias voltages to the variable reactance elements 421 and 422, respectively.

  The variable reactance element controllers 431 and 432 control the reactance of the variable reactance elements 421 and 422. The variable reactance element control units 431 and 432 control the reactance of the variable reactance elements 421 and 422 by controlling the voltage applied to the variable reactance elements 421 and 422. Hereinafter, the voltage applied to the variable reactance elements 421 and 422 is referred to as reactance control voltage. The variable reactance element control units 431 and 432 are insulated from the ground of the sub antenna unit 41 and the like, that is, operate in a floating state with respect to the ground potential. For this reason, the reactance control voltage is applied to the variable reactance elements 421 and 422 while being superimposed on the bias voltage of the voltage sources 441 and 442.

  The control of the variable reactance element control unit will be described by taking the variable reactance element control unit 431 as an example. When the variable reactance element control unit 431 changes the reactance control voltage, the reactance of the variable reactance element 421 changes. Since the sub-antenna 411 is electromagnetically coupled to the receiving antenna 10, the antenna directivity (antenna pattern) also changes according to the change in reactance of the variable reactance element 421. For this reason, the signal level and phase of the signal received by the receiving antenna 10 can be changed by controlling the reactance control voltage.

[Received signal]
When a periodic voltage (a periodic wave that repeats the same waveform at a constant period) is used as the reactance control voltage, the antenna pattern can be periodically changed. That is, the amplitude and phase of the received signal can be changed by the periodic voltage (reactance control voltage). Here, when four types of periodic waves including direct current (DC, code 1, code 2, code 3) are added and applied as a reactance control voltage, the spectrum of the signal input to the signal processing unit 30 is As shown in FIG.

  That is, FIG. 2 shows the frequency spectrum after the signal received by the receiving antenna 10 is converted to the baseband frequency when the direct current and the periodic waves of the codes 1, 2, and 3 are used as the reactance control voltage. The horizontal axis represents the frequency, and the vertical axis represents the power of the received signal.

  That is, the direct-current component and the component subjected to spread spectrum modulation by the antenna pattern affected by reference numerals 1 to 3 are overlapped, and reception signals of four periodic waves are received simultaneously. For this reason, the receiving apparatus 1 can receive a plurality of output signals by one receiving antenna 10. For this reason, the receiving apparatus 1 can be used as a receiving apparatus equivalent to a receiving apparatus having a plurality of physically different antennas.

[Configuration of signal processor]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the signal processing unit according to the first embodiment of the present technology. The signal processing unit 30 in FIG. 3 includes code multiplication units 311 and 312, low-pass filters 321 to 323, weight multiplication units 331 to 333, and a demodulation unit 34.

  The code multipliers 311 to 312 continuously multiply the digital reception signal output from the high-frequency front end 20 by the complex conjugate of the spreading code used in the sub-antenna unit, and reduce the component corresponding to each spreading code. Convert to band component and pass. The code multiplier 311 corresponds to the code 1 and the code multiplier 312 corresponds to the code n. The low-pass filter 321 represents a filter that passes a low-frequency component of the digital reception signal output from the high-frequency front end 20, and the low-pass filters 322 to 323 are spread codes 1 to n of the reception signal that have passed through the code multiplier. Represents a filter for extracting only the component corresponding to.

  A combination of the code multiplier 311 and the low-pass filter 322 represents a despreading process corresponding to the code 1, and a combination of the code multiplier 312 and the low-pass filter 323 represents a despreading process corresponding to the code n.

  The signal shown in FIG. 2 will be described as an example. A low-frequency component can be extracted by passing the reception signal output from the high-frequency front end 20 through a low-pass filter 321. Further, by multiplying the reception signal output from the high-frequency front end 20 by the complex conjugate of the code 3 by the code multiplication unit code 3, a reception signal spectrum as shown in the following FIG. 4 can be obtained.

  By passing this through the low-pass filter 321, only the component 3 can be obtained from the signal output from the high-frequency front end 20. Such despreading processing is performed from code 1 to code n.

  The weight multipliers 331 to 333 perform weight multiplication on the signals output from the low pass filters 321 to 323. In FIG. 3, weight multipliers 331 to 333 correspond to low-pass filters 321 to 323, respectively, and perform weight multiplication on the received signal components of DC and code 1 to code n. This weight is multiplied, for example, to maximize the signal to noise power ratio of the desired signal component. When a plurality of transmission signals are transmitted in parallel, the combination of weights applied in the weight multipliers 331 to 333 is changed according to the transmission signals.

  The demodulator 34 demodulates the received signal multiplied by the weight multipliers 331 to 333. Further, when the reception signal is encoded, decoding is further performed to generate reception data.

  When a plurality of transmission signals are transmitted in parallel, demodulation is performed corresponding to each transmission signal. 3 can add the received signals output from the weight multipliers 331 to 333 and demodulate the received signal after the addition, for example. Thereby, the signal-to-noise power ratio can be improved. Such a reception method is called reception diversity.

  As described above, the receiving apparatus 1 can receive a plurality of transmitted signals by one receiving antenna 10 and can perform multiple input multiple output (MIMO).

  The configuration of the signal processing unit 30 is not limited to this example. For example, the present invention can be applied to a configuration (SIMO: Single Input Multiple Output) in which a single signal is transmitted and a plurality of received signals are demodulated.

  As described above, the receiving device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present technology applies a reactance control voltage composed of a plurality of periodic waves to each of the variable reactance elements, so that a plurality of different values can be obtained in one receiving antenna. A received signal can be generated. Thereby, the structure of the receiver 1 can be simplified.

<2. Second Embodiment>
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiving device according to the second embodiment of the present technology. In the receiving apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment described above, a plurality of periodic waveforms are applied to the sub-antenna. On the other hand, the receiving apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present technology is the first in that the received signal is frequency-shifted by applying a sum voltage of sine waves having different frequencies to the sub-antenna. This is different from the embodiment.

[Received signal]
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a reception signal according to the second embodiment of the present technology. The figure shows a signal received by the reception antenna 10 when the reception signal frequency of the reception antenna 10 or the like is fc and the sum of sine waves of the frequencies fs and 2fs is used as the reactance control voltage. . In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the frequency of the received signal, and the vertical axis represents the power of the received signal.

  When DC, a sine wave voltage with a frequency fs, and a sine wave voltage with a frequency 2fs are respectively added to the variable reactance element control units 431 and 432 in FIG. 1, or a sine wave voltage with a frequency fs and a frequency 2fs respectively. When the sum voltage of the sine wave voltage is applied, the spectrum before frequency conversion in the high frequency front end part is as shown in FIG.

  The output of the high-frequency front end unit after the frequency conversion to the baseband band is branched, and the bandpass filters 91, 92, 94, 95 and the lowpass filter 93 (FIG. 6) corresponding to the respective spectra of FIG. The signal in each frequency band is received through each parenthesis (representing the center frequency of the band to be passed).

  In the signal processing unit 30 according to the second embodiment of the present technology, the signal processing unit 30 in which the code multiplication units 311 to 312 are configured as bandpass filters among the signal processing units 30 described in FIG. 3 is applied. Can do. The code multipliers 311 to 312 correspond to signals of frequencies −2fs, −fs, fs, and 2fs.

After the band-pass filter, a portion for multiplying a sine wave having each frequency (-2fs, -fs, fs, 2fs),
Thereafter, a part for weighting multiplication (in series connection so far), and a demodulating part for synthesizing and demodulating after that are configured.
The signal processing unit 30 includes a sine wave multiplication unit, a weighting multiplication unit, and a demodulation unit.

  The other configuration of the receiving device 1 is the same as the configuration of the receiving device 1 described in FIG.

  As described above, the receiving device 1 according to the second embodiment of the present technology can separate received signals in the frequency domain as illustrated in FIG. 7, so that each received signal component can be easily extracted. it can. Thereby, signal separation can be realized more easily than the receiving apparatus 1.

<3. Third Embodiment>
The receiving apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment described above receives a plurality of signals by distributing received signals to different frequencies. On the other hand, the receiving device 1 according to the third embodiment of the present technology applies the periodic voltage waveform encoded based on the Walsh-Hadamard code to the sub-antenna in the second way. Different from the embodiment.

[Configuration of signal processor]
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a signal processing unit according to the third embodiment of the present technology.
The signal processing unit 30 includes a high-speed Hadamard transform unit 351 instead of the low-pass filters 321 to 323.

  A signal waveform based on the Walsh-Hadamard code will be described. The length 4 Walsh-Hadamard code is a0 = (1,1,1,1), a1 = (1, -1,1, -1), a2 = (1,1, -1, -1), It can be represented by a quartic square matrix having four vectors a3 = (1, -1, -1, 1) as row vectors. These vectors are orthogonal to each other. For example, a vector (2, 2, 2, -2) obtained by performing a0 + a1 + a2-a3 operation on this vector is obtained by multiplying a signal having a root-raised cosine waveform. A voltage waveform that repeats the generated waveform as one cycle is transmitted from the transmitter. When this signal is received, the reception sensitivity in a specific direction at the antenna of the receiving apparatus 1 is changed to a form obtained by multiplication of the root raised cosine waveform and the vector (2, 2, 2, -2) described above. To do.

  Specifically, a waveform represented by a linear sum of the above Walsh-Hadamard codes (for example, a0, a1, a2, and a3) is generated by the variable reactance element control units 431 to 433 described in FIG. Applied to elements 421 and 422. As a result, it is possible to receive a received signal that has been changed based on the Walsh-Hadamard code. A voltage that can change the receiving sensitivity of the receiving device 1 in a specific direction by a linear sum of Walsh-Hadamard codes can be applied to the variable reactance element control units 431 and 433.

  The fast Hadamard transform unit 351 performs a fast Hadamard transform on the signal output from the high-frequency front end 20 and outputs a correlation value with the Walsh-Hadamard code. The weight multipliers 331 to 333 multiply the signal output from the fast Hadamard transform unit 351 by a weight. Thereafter, the output signals of the weight multipliers 331 to 333 are combined by the demodulator 34.

  Since the other configuration of the receiving device 1 is the same as the configuration of the receiving device 1 described in the first or second embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  As described above, the receiving device 1 according to the third embodiment of the present technology can receive a plurality of received signals based on the Walsh-Hadamard code.

<4. Fourth Embodiment>
The receiving apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment described above receives a signal based on the Walsh-Hadamard code. On the other hand, the receiving device 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present technology is different from the third embodiment in that a signal is received based on a Golay-Complementary code.

  The receiving device 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present technology may have the same configuration as the receiving device 1 described in the first or second embodiment. Note that the variable reactance element control units 431 to 433 apply waveforms represented by a linear sum of Golay complementary codes to the variable reactance elements 421 to 423.

  The signal processing unit 30 according to the fourth embodiment of the present technology may have the same configuration as the signal processing unit 30 described in FIG. The low-pass filters 321 to 323 calculate the correlation between the signal output from the high-frequency front end 20 and the waveform corresponding to the Golay complementary code. Weights based on the calculated correlation are multiplied by the received signals by the weight multipliers 331 to 333, and are synthesized and demodulated by the demodulator 34.

  As described above, the receiving device 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present technology can receive a signal based on the Golay complementary code.

<5. Fifth embodiment>
The receiving apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment described above applies a waveform represented by a linear sum of Walsh-Hadamard codes to a variable reactance element. On the other hand, the receiving device 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present technology is different from the third embodiment in that a waveform represented by a code having a good periodic autocorrelation is applied to the variable reactance element. .

  The receiving device 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present technology may have the same configuration as the receiving device 1 described in the first or second embodiment. Note that the variable reactance element control units 431 to 433 generate a waveform based on a code having a good periodic autocorrelation, for example, a code represented by an M sequence, and apply the waveform to the variable reactance elements 421 to 423. Since the M sequence is a code having a good periodic autocorrelation, the timing at which the peak of the filter output appears is determined by the delay time. Thus, signals that arrive at different times can be distinguished. It is also possible to apply to the variable reactance element control units 431 and 433 a voltage that can change the reception sensitivity of the receiving device 1 in a specific direction with a code having a good periodic autocorrelation like the M series.

[Configuration of signal processor]
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a signal processing unit according to the fifth embodiment of the present technology. The signal processing unit 30 is different from the signal processing unit 30 described in FIG. 3 in the following points. The signal processor 30 uses the same code 1 in the code multipliers 311 to 313. In addition, delay units 361 to 362 are provided.

  The delay units 361 to 362 delay the received signal for a predetermined time. The delay units 361 to 362 are connected in series and sequentially delay signals output from the high-frequency front end 20. When the delay time of each of the delay units 361 to 362 is Td and the number of the delay units 361 to 362 is N, the output signal of the delay unit 362 delays the signal output from the high-frequency front end 20 by N × Td. Signal. Further, the delay time Td is assumed to be equal to the time of the elements constituting the code used in the variable reactance element control units 431 to 433.

  A signal output from the high-frequency front end 20 is input to the code multiplier 311. The signal delayed by the delay unit 361 is input to the code multiplication unit 312. The signal delayed by the delay unit 362 is input to the code multiplication unit 313. Thus, the signals delayed by the delay unit 361 and the like are input to the code multipliers 311 to 313. For this reason, the same signals are input to the code multipliers 311 to 313 while being shifted by the delay time Td.

  The weight multiplier 331 performs weight multiplication on the signal output from the high-frequency front end 20. The weight multiplication unit 332 performs weight multiplication on the signal output from the code multiplication unit 311. Similarly, the weight multipliers 333 to 334 perform weight multiplication on the signals output from the code multipliers 312 to 313, respectively.

  As described above, the receiving device 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present technology is received at different times by applying a waveform represented by a code having a good periodic autocorrelation to the variable reactance element. Signals can be received separately.

<6. Sixth Embodiment>
The receiving apparatus 1 of the first embodiment described above uses two sub-antenna units having one variable reactance element control unit. On the other hand, the receiving device 1 according to the sixth embodiment of the present technology is different from the first embodiment in that a sub-antenna unit having a plurality of variable reactance element control units is used.

[Receiver configuration]
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiving device according to the sixth embodiment of the present technology. The receiving apparatus 1 is different from the receiving apparatus 1 described in FIG. 1 in that a sub antenna unit 43 is provided instead of the sub antenna units 41 and 42. The sub-antenna unit 43 further includes a variable reactance element control unit 432 as compared with the sub-antenna unit 41 described in FIG. In the sub-antenna unit 43, the variable reactance element control units 431 and 432 and the voltage source 441 connected in series are connected to the variable reactance element 421 in parallel.

  The variable reactance element control units 431 and 432 operate in a floating state, and a reactance control voltage superimposed on the bias voltage of the voltage source 441 is applied to the variable reactance element 421. The variable reactance element control units 431 and 432 can output, for example, sinusoidal signals of frequencies fs and 2fs as respective reactance control voltages.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating another configuration example of the reception device according to the sixth embodiment of the present technology. The receiving device 1 is different from the receiving device 1 described in FIG. 1 in that it includes a sub antenna unit 44 instead of the sub antenna units 41 and 42. The sub antenna unit 44 further includes a variable reactance element 422 and a voltage source 442 as compared to the sub antenna unit 43 described with reference to FIG. In the sub-antenna unit 44, variable reactance elements 421 and 422 connected in series are connected between the sub-antenna 411 and the ground. A voltage source 441 and a variable reactance element control unit 431 connected in series are connected to the variable reactance element 421 in parallel. A voltage source 442 and a variable reactance element control unit 432 connected in series are connected to the variable reactance element 422 in parallel.

  In the receiving apparatus 1, the antenna pattern of the receiving antenna 10 is changed by the combined reactance of the variable reactance elements 421 and 422.

  As described above, the receiving device 1 according to the sixth embodiment of the present technology applies the reactance control voltage to the variable reactance element 421 and the like by the plurality of variable reactance element control units. Thereby, it can receive by one subantenna part, and the structure of the receiver 1 can be simplified.

The receiving device 1 can be configured as follows in addition to the above-described embodiment.
(1) The receiver 1 that uses a reactance control voltage that generates shift components (f_s1, f_s2,... F_sN) of different frequencies. This reactance control voltage is a control voltage at which the receiving sensitivity of the receiving apparatus 1 in a specific direction is a complex sine wave (D0 + D (cos (2πf_sit + θ) + jsin (2πf_sit + θ)), where D0 represents a DC component. Θ represents the amplitude, and θ represents the phase, whereby the received signal can be separated into a component that does not frequency shift and a component that shifts to f_s1 and the like.
(2) A receiver 1 that uses a reactance control voltage composed of a plurality of periodic voltages. This reactance control voltage is a control voltage in which the reception sensitivity of the receiving device 1 in a specific direction is a linear sum of orthogonal codes (code 1, code 2,..., Code N). Thereby, the received signal can be separated into each code space.
(3) A receiving apparatus 1 that uses a waveform composed of a plurality of codes orthogonal to each other at time T as a reactance control voltage. Specifically, a waveform represented by two codes whose values become 0 when the products of each other are integrated at time T is used as the reactance control voltage.

<7. Seventh Embodiment>
In the seventh embodiment of the present technology, the electric field strength of the incoming radio wave 70 is measured, and the arrival direction is displayed as an antenna pattern. The receiving apparatus 1 of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that one sub-antenna unit using a multi-dimensional signal v (t) as a reactance control voltage is used.

[Receiver configuration]
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the reception device 1 according to the seventh embodiment of the present technology. In the present embodiment, the variable reactance element control unit 851 operates in a floating state, and a reactance control voltage based on a multidimensional signal v (t) superimposed on the bias voltage of the voltage source 841 is applied to the variable reactance element 821. The

  When the variable reactance element control unit 851 changes the reactance control voltage according to the signal v (t), the sub-antenna 811 is electromagnetically coupled to the receiving antenna 10 as described with reference to FIG. The directivity of the receiving antenna 10 can be changed corresponding to the voltage change of t).

  Thereby, in FIG. 12, the directivity of the receiving antenna 10 changes in response to the voltage change of the multidimensional signal v (t), and the incoming wave 70 from the direction in which the receiving antenna 10 points in response to the change. 1 is received by the receiving antenna 10 and the received radio wave signal is processed by the high-frequency front end 20 in the same manner as described in FIG. 1, and the signal processing unit 30 outputs signals from the high-frequency front end 20 in the same manner as described in FIG. Perform signal processing.

  The arithmetic processing unit 50 performs arithmetic processing on the output signal of the signal processing unit 30, and includes a CPU, a memory, and an input / output circuit. The arithmetic processing unit 50 performs arithmetic processing of weighted synthesis on the multidimensional output based on the data converted into the digital signal, and calculates an antenna pattern based on the relationship between the direction of the incoming radio wave 70 and the received electric field strength 71. Then, the antenna pattern is displayed as an image on the display unit 53 constituted by a liquid crystal display or the like. Thereby, the arrival direction of the incoming radio wave 70 can be accurately estimated.

  As described above, since the reactance control voltage is set to the multi-dimensional signal v (t), the same effect as that provided by installing many virtual antennas having different directivities can be obtained. It can be used for investigating the direction of arrival of radio waves such as radar and radar, and can be used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and reduce interference. Furthermore, the direction of arrival can be known in more detail by increasing the number of dimensions.

<8. Eighth Embodiment>
In the eighth embodiment of the present technology, MIMO is realized by virtually increasing the number of reception antennas so that one reception antenna serves as a plurality of antennas, and the transmission speed is improved. In addition, since it is not necessary to increase the number of physical antennas, the antenna size can be reduced.

[Comparison with conventional receivers]
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a comparison between a receiving apparatus according to eighth and ninth embodiments of the present technology described below and a conventional example, and (a) is a diagram showing a conventional transmission / reception system, b) is a diagram showing a virtual transmission / reception system according to the present invention.

  In the conventional example of FIG. 13A, in order to increase the transmission speed, a plurality of antennas are used for both transmission and reception antennas, and different information can be transmitted to the parallel communication path. When the number of parallel communication channels is increased, the amount of information that can be transmitted is increased, and the transmission rate is improved as the number of antennas is increased. However, there is a limit to simply increasing the number of antennas.

  Therefore, in the embodiment according to the present invention, the antenna indicated by a solid line in FIG. 13B is an antenna that physically exists, and the antenna indicated by a two-dot chain line is a virtual antenna. In this way, the number of receiving antennas is virtually increased to increase the transmission speed, and one receiving antenna plays the role of multiple antennas, so there is no need to physically increase the number of antennas, and signals are actually received. The number of antennas to be reduced can be reduced.

[Receiver configuration]
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiving device according to the eighth embodiment of the present technology. The receiving apparatus 1 in FIG. 1 includes a receiving antenna 10, a high-frequency front end 20, a signal processing unit 30, and a plurality of sub antenna units 81 to 86. In this embodiment, a case where there are six sub antenna units will be described.

  The receiving antenna 10 constitutes an array antenna together with the sub antennas 811 to 816. The sub-antenna units 81 to 86 act on the receiving antenna 10 to control reception of signals at the receiving antenna 10. In the sub-antenna units 81 to 86 in the present embodiment, the variable reactance element control unit 851 has a different waveform and a signal v1 (t that constantly changes the directivity (antenna pattern) of the receiving antenna 10 according to a specific waveform. ) To v6 (t) are applied to the variable reactance elements 821 to 826.

  Then, by applying the signals v1 (t) to v6 (t) having different waveforms, the directivity (antenna pattern) of the receiving antenna 10 is constantly changed according to the waveforms of the signals v1 (t) to v6 (t). Change. As a result, the receiving antenna 10 can receive radio waves arriving from different directions.

  Other than the above, the configuration of the sub-antenna units 81 to 86 and the use of the sub-transmission antenna unit in the vicinity of the transmission antenna and electromagnetic coupling are the same as in the case of the receiving apparatus in FIG. Omitted.

[Configuration of high-frequency front end]
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the high-frequency front end according to the eighth embodiment of the present technology. The high-frequency front end 20 processes a high-frequency signal received by the receiving antenna 10, and includes, for example, a low noise amplifier (LNA) 201, a frequency converter 202, and an analog digital (AD) converter. 203. Here, the low noise amplifying unit 201 is an amplifier for improving a signal-to-noise ratio (SN ratio) of a weak high frequency signal received by the receiving antenna 10. The frequency conversion unit 202 and the analog / digital conversion unit 203 are the same as those in FIG.

[Configuration of signal processor]
FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the signal processing unit according to the eighth embodiment of the present technology. The signal processing unit 30 performs processing on the digital reception signal output from the high frequency front end 20. That is, digital received signals are input to the signal waveform multipliers 371 to 376, and the signal waveform multipliers 371 to 376 apply the voltage waveforms v1 (t) applied by the variable reactance controllers 851 to 856 of the sub antenna units 81 to 86, respectively. ) To v6 (t) are multiplied by the respective outputs of the analog-digital converter 203 to extract signals.

  The weight multipliers 331 to 336 multiply the respective signal outputs of the signal waveform multipliers 371 to 376 by appropriate weights so that a desired signal is strengthened. Then, the signals are synthesized by the synthesis unit 38 and output as six signals. As described above, by configuring a virtual antenna by combining a plurality of sub-antennas with one receiving antenna, a function equivalent to providing a plurality of receiving apparatuses can be realized. In addition, a different output is obtained for each waveform to be multiplied, and this waveform difference plays a role of encryption.

<9. Ninth Embodiment>
In the ninth embodiment of the present technology, the number of reception antennas is virtually increased so that one reception antenna serves as a plurality of antennas, and a periodic waveform or a plurality of them are orthogonal to each other. By applying a periodic waveform, an antenna whose antenna pattern periodically varies with time is configured, and diversity is performed by performing predetermined processing on the received signal.

[Receiver configuration]
A configuration example of a receiving device according to the ninth embodiment of the present technology is basically the same as that in FIG. That is, the receiving apparatus 1 in the figure includes a receiving antenna 10, a high frequency front end 20, a signal processing unit 30, and a plurality of sub antenna units 81 to 86. In this embodiment, a case where there are six sub-antennas will be described. 14, the signal processing unit 30 includes signal waveform multiplication units 391 to 391 instead of the signal waveform multiplication units 371 to 376, as shown in FIG. Differ in signal processing.

  The receiving antenna 10 constitutes an array antenna together with the sub antennas 811 to 816. The sub antenna units 81 to 86 act on the receiving antenna 10 to control reception of signals at the receiving antenna 10. The sub antenna units 81 to 86 described with reference to FIG. 14 have variable reactance element control units 851. The signals v1 (t) to v6 (t) applied to the variable reactance elements 821 to 826 are signals having different waveforms, and the directivity (antenna pattern) of the receiving antenna 10 is always changed according to a specific waveform. It is a signal to change.

  Here, the present embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment described with reference to FIG. 14 in the following points. That is, the variable reactance element control units 851 to 856 have a waveform signal v1 (a waveform obtained by modulating and adding amplitudes and phases of a plurality of orthogonal signals to different periodic waveforms and antenna patterns generated by the periodic waveforms. t) to v6 (t) are applied to the variable reactance elements 821 to 826.

  Then, by applying signals v1 (t) to v6 (t) having different waveforms to the variable reactance elements 821 to 826, the directivity (antenna pattern) of the receiving antenna 10 is changed to the signals v1 (t) to v6 (t). Since it constantly changes according to the waveform of v6 (t), the receiving antenna 10 can receive radio waves coming from different directions.

  Other than the above, the configuration of the sub-antenna units 81 to 86 and the use of the sub-antenna unit in the vicinity of the transmission antenna and electromagnetic coupling are the same as in the case of the receiving apparatus in FIG. To do.

  Next, processing of a signal received by the receiving antenna 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 15, the high-frequency front end 20 processes a high-frequency signal received by the receiving antenna 10 and is the same as FIG.

[Configuration of signal processor]
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a signal processing unit according to the ninth embodiment of the present technology. As shown in FIG. 17, the signal processing unit 30 processes the digital reception signal output from the high-frequency front end 20. In other words, the digital received signal is input to the signal waveform multipliers 391 to 396, and the signal waveform multipliers 391 to 396 respectively delay the input signals by a predetermined time (T to 6T). A quadrature signal constituting the same voltage waveform as the voltage waveforms v1 (t) to v6 (t) applied by the variable reactance controllers 851 to 856, a quadrature signal constituting the time-varying waveform of the antenna pattern, or a signal corresponding to its complex conjugate. Is multiplied by the received signal to separate the received signal into a plurality of orthogonal signal spaces. Then, a plurality of signal components are obtained physically from the output of one receiving antenna 10.

  The weight multipliers 331 to 336 multiply the respective outputs of the signal waveform multipliers 391 to 396 by appropriate weights so that a desired signal is strengthened, synthesize them by the synthesizer 38, and output them as six signals. As described above, diversity can be performed by configuring a virtual antenna by combining a plurality of sub-antennas with one receiving antenna.

<10. Tenth Embodiment>
Next, the sub antenna unit used in the embodiment of the receiving apparatus according to the present invention is applied to the transmitting apparatus, and a tenth embodiment of the transmitting apparatus and the receiving apparatus used as the sub transmitting antenna unit will be described. In this embodiment, confidentiality and confidentiality are added to a transmission signal. A receiving device that knows the decrypted signal can decrypt the received signal, and a receiving device that does not know the decrypted signal can decrypt the received signal. It is something that cannot be done.

[Configuration of transmitter]
FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission device and a reception device according to the tenth embodiment of the present technology. In the transmission apparatus 2 in the figure, the modulation unit 64 modulates a signal s (t) that is transmission data. The high-frequency front end 65 includes a frequency multiplier, a bandpass filter, a signal amplifier, and the like. The signal amplifier excites the transmission antenna 61, and the transmission antenna 61 transmits the signal s (t).

  The sub-transmission antenna unit 62 includes a setting unit 69 for setting a signal v (t) for adding confidentiality / confidentiality to the variable reactance element control unit 651. Also, c1 and c2 are different coefficients for each transmission direction. The use of the sub-transmission antenna unit 62 in the vicinity of the transmission antenna 61 and electromagnetic coupling is the same as in the case of the receiving apparatus in FIG.

  The variable reactance element control unit 651 of the sub transmission antenna unit 62 applies a reactance control voltage corresponding to the signal v (t) set by the setting unit 69 to the variable reactance element 621. Thereby, similarly to the description of FIG. 1, the variable reactance element control unit 651 changes the reactance control voltage, and the signal level of the signal s (t) transmitted from the transmission antenna 61 by the transmitter 60 is changed.

  That is, the signal s (t) transmitted from the transmission antenna 61 is multiplied by the signals c1 × v (t) and c2 × v (t) to obtain the signal c1 × v (t) × s (t) and the signal c2. * V (t) * s (t) is generated and transmitted.

[Receiver configuration]
The receiving device 1a in FIG. 18 is a receiving device that knows the decoded signal v (t) in the transmission direction c1, and the signal v (t) is set in the decoded signal setting unit 51 in advance. On the other hand, the receiving device 1b is a receiving device that does not know the decoded signal v (t) in the transmission direction c2, and the decoded signal v (t) is not set in the decoded signal setting unit 51.

  Therefore, in the case of the receiving device 1a, the signal c1 × v (t) × s (t) received by the receiving antenna 10 is subjected to signal processing by the high-frequency front end 20 and is decoded by the demodulation unit of the signal processing unit 30. The signal c1 × v (t) × s (t) can be demodulated by the decoding signal v (t) set in the setting unit 51, and the signal c1 × s (t) can be extracted.

  On the other hand, in the case of the receiving device 1b, even if the receiving antenna 10 receives the signal c2 × v (t) × s (t), the decoding signal v (t) is not set correctly in the decoding signal setting unit 51. The signal processor 30 cannot demodulate the signal c2 * v (t) * s (t) and extract the signal c2 * s (t).

  As described above, a receiver who does not know the decryption signal v (t) cannot correctly demodulate the transmission signal, whereas a valid receiver can correctly demodulate the transmission signal by the decryption signal v (t). Can increase the sex. Further, by making the decryption signal v (t) a waveform having a wide frequency band, it is possible to improve the secrecy of hiding the presence of communication.

<11. Eleventh embodiment>
Next, an eleventh embodiment of a transmission apparatus and a reception apparatus in which the sub-antenna unit used in the embodiment of the reception apparatus according to the present invention is applied to the transmission apparatus will be described. As in the first embodiment of FIG. 18, this embodiment adds confidentiality and confidentiality to a transmission signal, and uses a plurality of sub-transmission antennas to improve confidentiality and confidentiality. It is.

[Configuration of transmitter]
FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission device and a reception device according to the eleventh embodiment of the present technology. In the transmitting apparatus 2 in the figure, in the tenth embodiment in FIG. 18, the sub-transmitting antenna unit 62 has one configuration, whereas in this embodiment, there are two sub-transmitting antenna units 62a and 62b. This is different from the tenth embodiment in FIG.

  Further, the signal v1 (t) is set in the setting unit 69a of the sub transmission antenna unit 62a, and the signal v2 (t) is set in the setting unit 69b of the sub transmission antenna unit 62b. Here, as in the description of FIG. 18, the signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) are signals for adding confidentiality / confidentiality to the transmission signal, and c11, c12, c21 and c22 are for each transmission direction. It is a different coefficient.

  Based on the above setting, the variable reactance element control unit 651 of the sub-transmission antenna unit 62a applies a reactance control voltage corresponding to the signal v1 (t) to the variable reactance element 621. Thereby, similarly to the description of FIG. 1, the variable reactance element control unit 651 changes the reactance control voltage to change the signal level of the signal s (t) transmitted from the transmission antenna 61.

  Then, the signal level of the signal s (t) transmitted from the transmission antenna 61 is changed, and the signal s (t) from the transmission antenna 61 is multiplied by the signal c11 × v1 (t) and the signal c21 × v1 (t). Thus, a signal c11 × v1 (t) × s (t) and a signal c21 × v1 (t) × s (t) are generated and transmitted.

Similarly, the variable reactance element control unit 651 of the sub-transmission antenna unit 62b applies a reactance control voltage to the variable reactance element 621 corresponding to the signal v2 (t). Thereby, similarly to the description of FIG. 1, the variable reactance element control unit 651 changes the reactance control voltage, changes the signal level of the signal s (t) transmitted from the transmission antenna 61, and The signal s (t) is multiplied by the signal c12 × v2 (t) and the signal c22 × v2 (t) to obtain the signal c12 × v2 (t) × s (t) and the signal c22 × v2 (t) × s (t ) Is generated and transmitted.

  The other configuration of the transmission apparatus is the same as that of the transmission apparatus 2 described in FIG.

[Receiver configuration]
The receiving device 1a in FIG. 19 is a receiving device that knows the decoded signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) whose transmission direction is c1, and the signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) are the decoded signal setting unit 51 in advance. Is set to On the other hand, the receiving device 1b is a receiving device that does not know the decoded signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) whose transmission direction is c2, and the signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) are set in the decoded signal setting unit 51. Not.

  Hereinafter, similarly to the receiving device 1 of FIG. 18, in the case of the receiving device 1a, the signals c11 × v1 (t) × s () by the decoded signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) set in the decoded signal setting unit 51. t) and c12 × v2 (t) × s (t) are demodulated, and the signal transmitted from the transmission antenna 61 from the signal c11 × s (t) + c12 × s (t) = (c11 + c12) × s (t) s (t) can be taken out.

  On the other hand, in the case of the receiving device 1b, since the decoding signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) are not set correctly, the signals c21 × v1 (t) × s (t) and c22 × v2 (t) × s ( t) is demodulated, and the signal s (t) transmitted from the transmitting antenna 61 cannot be extracted.

  As described above, it is impossible to receive correctly unless both the decryption signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) are known. Therefore, the confidentiality of the transmission signal can be further increased by increasing the number of sub-transmission antenna units 62.

<12. Twelfth Embodiment>
Next, a description will be given of a twelfth embodiment of a transmission device and a reception device in which the sub-antenna unit used in the embodiment of the reception device according to the present invention is applied to the transmission device. This embodiment relates to an application in which different information is transmitted in different directions using a single transmitter 60.

[Configuration of transmitter]
FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission device and a reception device according to the twelfth embodiment of the present technology. In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 20, as in the eleventh embodiment, two sub-transmission antenna sections 62a and 62b are provided.

  In the eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 19, the sub-transmitting antenna units 62a and 62b are configured to include setting units 69a and 69b and transmit a signal s (t). On the other hand, in the present embodiment, instead of setting units 69a and 69b, modulation units 64a and 64b that modulate transmission data are provided to generate signals v1 (t) and v2 (t), respectively. Unlike the eleventh embodiment, the carrier wave cosωt is transmitted from the high-frequency front end 65 and the transmission antenna 61.

Here, the variable reactance element control unit 651a of the sub-transmission antenna unit 62a applies to the variable reactance element 621 a reactance control voltage corresponding to the signal v1 (t) modulated with the information to be sent. Thus, similarly to the description of FIG. 1, when the carrier wave cos ωt is transmitted from the transmission antenna 61, the carrier wave cos ωt and the signal c1 × v1 (t) are multiplied to generate a signal c11 × v1 (t) × cos ωt, It is transmitted in the direction of the transmission direction c1.
Although the carrier wave originally has an amplitude, it is normalized here and expressed as cos ωt.

  Similarly, the variable reactance element control unit 651 of the sub-transmission antenna unit 62b applies to the variable reactance element 621 a reactance control voltage corresponding to the signal v2 (t) modulated with the information to be sent. Thus, similarly to the description of FIG. 1, when the carrier wave cos ωt is transmitted from the transmission antenna 61, the carrier wave cos ωt and the signal c2 × v2 (t) are multiplied to generate a signal c22 × v2 (t) × cos ωt, Transmitted in the direction of the transmission direction c2.

  The other configuration of the transmission apparatus is the same as that of the transmission apparatus 2 described in FIG.

[Receiver configuration]
20 performs signal processing on the signal c11 × v1 (t) × cos ωt received by the receiving antenna 10 at the high-frequency front end 20, and the signal processing unit 30 receives the demodulated signal cos ωt from the demodulated signal generation unit 52. Thus, the carrier wave cosωt can be removed and demodulated to extract the signal c1 × v1 (t).

  Similarly, the receiving apparatus 1b performs signal processing on the signal c22 × v2 (t) × cosωt received by the receiving antenna 10 at the high-frequency front end 20, and the signal processing unit 30 receives the demodulated signal cosωt from the demodulated signal generating unit 52. Thus, the carrier wave cos ωt can be removed and demodulated to extract the signal c2 × v2 (t).

  The other configurations of the receiving devices 1a and 1b are the same as the configuration of the receiving device 1 described with reference to FIG.

  As described above, when the sub-antenna is used in the transmission apparatus, different information can be sent in different directions by a single transmitter by arranging the sub-transmission antennas 611 in the desired directions. That is, the transmitter 60 generates only a carrier wave, and uses the signals v1 (t) and v2 (t) modulated by the information to be transmitted in the sub-transmission antenna units 62a and 62b installed in the direction in which the information is to be transmitted. Thus, specific information can be sent in a specific direction. Usually, in order to send different information for each place, it is necessary to install a plurality of transmission antennas. With this configuration, the number of antennas and the total transmission power can be reduced.

<13. Thirteenth Embodiment>
Next, a description will be given of a thirteenth embodiment of a transmission device and a reception device in which the sub-antenna unit used in the embodiment of the reception device according to the present invention is applied to the transmission device. In the present embodiment, information transmission capability can be added to a device using radio waves such as a microwave oven 66 that originally has no information transmission function. That is, instead of the high-frequency front end 65 in the embodiment of FIG. 20, for example, the microwave oven 66 is used as a carrier wave generating device and information is transmitted.

[Configuration of transmitter]
FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission device and a reception device according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present technology. In the transmission apparatus 2 shown in the figure, for example, a microwave oven 66 is used as a carrier wave generation device instead of the high frequency front end 65 in the embodiment of FIG. In the embodiment of FIG. 20, there are two sub transmission antennas 62. On the other hand, this embodiment is different from the twelfth embodiment of FIG. 20 in that it is one.

  The radio wave used by the microwave oven 66 is in the 2.45 GHz band. This frequency band is called “ISM (Industry Science Medical) band” (also referred to as “industrial science medical band”), and is allocated for use as a high frequency energy source in industries, science and medical care other than wireless communication. Frequency band. Since the radio wave is generated while the microwave oven is in operation, it corresponds to the high-frequency equipment specified in the Radio Law and is subject to the type confirmation system.

  In this embodiment, instead of transmitting the carrier wave cos ωt from the transmission antenna 61 in the twelfth embodiment of FIG. 20, for example, an unmodulated radio wave signal cos (ωct) generated by a microwave oven or the like is used as the carrier wave. This embodiment is different from the twelfth embodiment of FIG. 20 in that the number of sub-transmission antenna units 62 is one.

  The other configuration of the transmission device 2 is the same as the configuration of the transmission device 2 described in FIG.

[Receiver configuration]
21 receives the signal c × v (t) × cos (ωct) received by the receiving antenna 10 and amplifies the received signal by the envelope detector 21 and then detects the signal c Xv (t) can be taken out.

  The signal determination unit 31 determines that the microwave oven is operating based on the extracted signal c × v (t), and performs self-holding display on the display unit 23. When the display is confirmed, the display can be reset by pressing the display confirmation button 24.

  In FIG. 21, one transmission device 2 and one reception device 1 have been described. However, a plurality of transmission devices 2 and one reception device 1 are combined, and the display unit 23 displays each transmission device. It is also possible to provide a display lamp corresponding to 2 and to display which transmitter has transmitted.

  Accordingly, for example, when the transmitter 2 is installed in the vicinity of a microwave oven in each room where an elderly person lives in an apartment house or the like, the receiver 2 is installed in a manager's room, and the microwave oven 66 is activated, the display By turning on the display lamp of the room of the unit 23, the manager can know that the resident of the room is in the room. In addition, it is possible to determine whether there are no abnormalities in the elderly alone.

  As described above, if this technology is used, information transmission capability can be added by installing the sub-transmission antenna unit 62 in the vicinity of a device (for example, a microwave oven 66) that generates radio waves that originally have no information transmission capability. The information v (t) can be sent to the periphery with a simple configuration, and the information can be effectively used in various forms.

<14. Fourteenth Embodiment>
Next, a fourteenth embodiment of a transmission device and a reception device in which the sub-antenna unit used in the embodiment of the reception device according to the present invention is applied to the transmission device will be described with reference to FIGS. The present embodiment relates to a new method for generating an ultra wide-band (UWB) signal. That is, as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, the transmitter 60 transmits a signal s (t) of the bandwidth Bs of the wide frequency spectrum 73. In addition, the reactance control voltage signal v (t) of the sub-transmitting antenna unit 62 is a signal v (t) of the bandwidth Bv of the broadband frequency spectrum 72.

[Configuration of transmitter]
FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission device and a reception device according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present technology. The sub-transmission antenna unit 62 in the present embodiment of FIG. The transmitter 60 includes a spread modulation unit 68.

  Here, the variable reactance element control unit 651 of the sub-transmitting antenna unit 62 applies a reactance control voltage corresponding to the signal v (t) having the frequency spectrum 72 spread-modulated by the spread modulation unit 67 to the variable reactance element 621. To do. The transmission data signal s (t) is a signal having a frequency spectrum 73 that is spread-modulated by the spread modulation unit 68, and is transmitted by the transmission antenna 61 via the high-frequency front end 65.

  As a result, the signal s (t) transmitted from the transmission antenna 61 and the signal v (t) of the sub-transmission antenna unit 62 are multiplied, and a band having a wide frequency spectrum 74 as shown in FIG. A signal c × v (t) × s (t) having a width of Bs + Bv is generated and transmitted. Here, the information c is information sent by the signal v (t) × s (t).

  The other configuration of the transmission device 2 is the same as the configuration of the transmission device 2 described in FIG.

[Receiver configuration]
As shown in FIG. 22, the receiving device 1a performs signal processing on the signal c × v (t) × s (t) received by the receiving antenna 10 at the high-frequency front end 20, and the signal processing unit 30 generates a demodulated signal. The received signal is demodulated by the signal v (t) × s (t) from the unit 52, and the information c sent by the signal v (t) × s (t) can be extracted.

  The other configuration of the receiving device 1 is the same as the configuration of the receiving device 1 described in FIG.

  As described above, the use of the sub-antenna in a transmission device for ultra wide-band (UWB) communication is a new method for generating a signal used in this communication. In order to generate a UWB signal, a process of spreading the signal over a wide band is required. However, according to this method, the UWB signal can be divided into two stages: spreading at the transmitter and spreading by the action of the sub-antenna. Therefore, the complexity of signal processing at each stage can be reduced.

  Finally, the description of each embodiment described above is an example of the present technology, and the present technology is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For this reason, it is a matter of course that various modifications can be made in accordance with the design and the like as long as they do not deviate from the technical idea according to the present technology other than the embodiments described above.

  Further, the processing procedure described in the above embodiment may be regarded as a method having a series of these procedures, and a program for causing a computer to execute these series of procedures or a recording medium storing the program. You may catch it. As this recording medium, for example, a CD (Compact Disc), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), a memory card, and the like can be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reception apparatus 2 Transmission apparatus 10 Reception antenna 20 High frequency front end 21 Envelope detection part 23 Display part 30 Signal processing part 31 Signal determination part 201 Low noise amplification part 202 Frequency conversion part 203 Analog digital conversion part 311 to 313 Code multiplication part 321 324 Low-pass filter 331-336 Weight multiplier 34 Demodulator 351 High-speed Hadamard transform unit 361-362 Delay unit 371-376 Signal waveform multiplier 38 Synthesizer 391-396 Signal waveform multiplier 41-46 Sub antenna unit 411-416 Sub Antenna 421 to 426 Variable reactance element 431 to 436 Variable reactance element control unit 441 to 446 Voltage source 50 Operation processing unit 51 Decoded signal setting unit 52 Demodulated signal generation unit 53 Display unit 60 Transmitter 61 Transmitting antenna 62 Sub transmission antenna unit 611 Sub-transmission antenna 621 Variable reactance element 64 Modulation section 641 Voltage source 65 High frequency front end 651 Variable reactance element control section 66 Transmitter (microwave oven)
67 Spreading modulation unit 68 Spreading modulation unit 69 Setting unit 81-86 Sub antenna unit 811-816 Sub antenna 821-826 Variable reactance element 841-846 Voltage source 851-856 Variable reactance element control unit 91, 92, 94, 95 Band pass Filter 93 Low-pass filter

Claims (13)

A receiving antenna for receiving radio signals;
A sub-antenna connected to a variable reactance element that is electromagnetically coupled to the receiving antenna and whose reactance changes according to an applied voltage;
And a variable reactance element control unit configured to control the reception by applying a plurality of sinusoidal signals having different frequencies to the variable reactance element. The sub-antenna is connected to a plurality of the variable reactance elements,
The receiving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the variable reactance element control unit applies the plurality of sine wave signals to the plurality of variable reactance elements, respectively. A plurality of the sub antennas are arranged,
The receiving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the variable reactance element control unit applies the plurality of sine wave signals to the plurality of variable reactance elements, respectively. Further comprising a signal calculation processing unit that obtains an antenna pattern of the electric field strength of the received radio wave by weighting and combining the received signal that has been multidimensionalized,
The receiving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the variable reactance element control unit receives the multidimensional reception signal by applying a multidimensional signal to the variable reactance element. A control unit for controlling the reception by applying a predetermined signal to the variable reactance element;
The receiving apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a signal processing unit that processes the received reception signal.   6. The reception according to claim 5, wherein the control unit constantly changes the directivity of the receiving antenna based on the waveform of each signal by applying a signal having a different waveform as the predetermined signal to each variable reactance element. apparatus.   The control unit is configured to change a signal having a waveform obtained by modulating and adding amplitudes and phases of a plurality of orthogonal signals with different periodic waveforms and antenna patterns generated by the periodic waveforms as the predetermined signals. The receiving apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the directivity of the receiving antenna is constantly changed based on the waveform of each signal by applying the reactance element. The signal processing unit
A signal waveform multiplier for multiplying and demodulating the received signal by a signal based on each voltage waveform applied by the variable reactance controller;
A weight multiplier for applying a weight to each demodulated signal;
The receiving apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a combining unit that combines the weighted signals.   The receiving apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the signal waveform multiplication unit multiplies the reception signal by a signal having the same waveform as each voltage waveform applied by the variable reactance control unit.   The signal waveform multiplying unit receives one of a quadrature signal of each voltage waveform applied by the variable reactance control unit, a quadrature signal constituting a time-varying waveform of the antenna pattern, and a signal corresponding to its complex conjugate. The receiving apparatus according to claim 8, wherein multiplication is performed. A transmitter for generating a signal and a carrier wave for transmitting a radio signal;
A transmitting antenna for transmitting the signal and carrier wave;
A sub-transmission antenna unit that includes a signal generation unit that is electromagnetically coupled to the transmission antenna and that is connected to a sub-transmission antenna that multiplies the radio signal with a signal of the signal generation unit;
A transmission apparatus comprising: The signal generator is
A sub-transmission antenna connected to a variable reactance element that is electromagnetically coupled to the transmission antenna and whose reactance varies with an applied voltage;
The transmission device according to claim 10, further comprising: a variable reactance element control unit that generates a signal for controlling the variable reactance element. The variable reactance element control unit further includes a confidentiality / confidentiality signal setting unit,
The transmission device according to claim 11, wherein the variable reactance element control unit generates a signal based on a setting of the signal setting unit.

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