JP2018151181A - Magnetic position detector - Google Patents
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Abstract
【課題】本発明は、簡単な構成で、磁気スケールの原点を検出することができる磁気式位置検出装置を提供することを目的とするものである。【解決手段】本発明の磁気式位置検出装置は、Ｎ極２およびＳ極３が交互に着磁された磁気スケール１と、磁気スケール１の繰り返し着磁された方向に対し相対的に移動可能であり、かつ磁気スケール１からの磁界に応じて抵抗値が変化する第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５とを備えた原点検出用素子群１０とを備え、原点検出用素子群１０はそれぞれ磁気スケール１に対向して配置し、磁気スケール１において着磁された方向におけるＮ極２の中心と隣り合うＮ極２の中心間の長さをλとしたとき、第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５をλ/２離れて配置したものである。【選択図】図１PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic position detecting device capable of detecting the origin of a magnetic scale with a simple configuration. The magnetic position detection device of the present invention is movable relative to a magnetic scale 1 in which N poles 2 and S poles 3 are alternately magnetized and a direction in which the magnetic scale 1 is repeatedly magnetized. The origin detection element group 10 including the first magnetic resistance element 4 and the second magnetic resistance element 5 whose resistance value changes according to the magnetic field from the magnetic scale 1 is provided for origin detection. Each of the element groups 10 is arranged facing the magnetic scale 1, and when the length between the center of the N pole 2 and the center of the adjacent N pole 2 in the magnetized direction on the magnetic scale 1 is λ, the first element group 10 is arranged. The magnetic resistance element 4 and the second magnetic resistance element 5 are arranged at a distance of λ / 2. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1
Description
本発明は、光学機器のレンズ等のリニアの位置を検出する磁気式位置検出装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a magnetic position detection device that detects a linear position of a lens or the like of an optical device.
従来のこの種の磁気式位置検出装置は、固定側の物体と移動側の物体との一方にＮ極とＳ極とを交互に着磁した磁気スケールを配置し、他方にこの磁気スケールからの磁気を検知する磁気センサを配置させるようにしていた。 A conventional magnetic position detection device of this type has a magnetic scale in which N and S poles are alternately magnetized on one of a fixed-side object and a moving-side object, and the other from this magnetic scale. A magnetic sensor for detecting magnetism was arranged.
なお、この出願の発明に関する先行技術文献情報としては、例えば、特許文献１が知られている。 As prior art document information relating to the invention of this application, for example, Patent Document 1 is known.
磁気式位置検出装置は、絶対位置の基準となる原点（基準）位置を予め設けておき、この原点位置からの相対位置を磁気センサで検出するようにしていた。 In the magnetic position detection device, an origin (reference) position serving as a reference for the absolute position is provided in advance, and a relative position from the origin position is detected by a magnetic sensor.
しかしながら、上記従来の磁気式位置検出装置は、原点検出のため、フォトインタラプタと遮蔽版を別に設置し、フォトインタラプタからの信号を磁気スケールの原点としているため、磁気スケールの原点検出のためだけに別の部品を使用する必要があり、これにより、構造が複雑になるという課題を有していた。 However, the above-mentioned conventional magnetic position detection device has a photo interrupter and a shielding plate installed separately for the origin detection, and the signal from the photo interrupter is used as the origin of the magnetic scale. It was necessary to use another part, which had the problem that the structure was complicated.
本発明は上記従来の課題を解決するもので、簡単な構成により、磁気スケールの原点を検出することができる磁気式位置検出装置を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic position detection device capable of detecting the origin of a magnetic scale with a simple configuration.
上記目的を達成するための、本発明は、磁気スケールにおいて着磁された方向におけるＮ極の中心と隣り合うＮ極の中心間の長さをλとしたとき、第１の磁気抵抗素子と第２の磁気抵抗素子をλ/２離れて配置した。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first magnetoresistive element and a second magnetoresistive element when the length between the centers of the N poles adjacent to the center of the N poles in the direction magnetized on the magnetic scale is λ. Two magnetoresistive elements were placed apart by λ / 2.
λ/２離れて配置した第１の磁気抵抗素子と第２の磁気抵抗素子は、磁気スケールが原点を通過したときのみ、信号が検出され、それ以外では信号が検出されないため、簡単な構成で、磁気スケールの原点を検出することができる。 The first magnetoresistive element and the second magnetoresistive element arranged apart from each other by λ / 2 detect a signal only when the magnetic scale passes through the origin, and no signal is detected otherwise. The origin of the magnetic scale can be detected.
図１は、本発明の一実施の形態における磁気式位置検出装置の概念図である。 FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a magnetic position detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
本発明の一実施の形態における磁気式位置検出装置は、図１に示すように、磁気スケール１を備え、Ｎ極２とＳ極３とが交互に繰り返し着磁されている。着磁された方向におけるＮ極２の中心と隣り合うＮ極２の中心間の長さをλとし、Ｎ極２と隣接するＳ極３との中心間の距離をλ／２とする。 As shown in FIG. 1, the magnetic position detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a magnetic scale 1, and N poles 2 and S poles 3 are alternately magnetized. The length between the center of the N pole 2 and the center of the adjacent N pole 2 in the magnetized direction is λ, and the distance between the centers of the N pole 2 and the adjacent S pole 3 is λ / 2.
また、磁気スケール１の繰り返し着磁された方向に対し相対的に移動可能であり、かつ磁気スケール１からの磁界に応じて抵抗値が変化する第１〜第６の磁気抵抗素子４〜９を備え、第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５とを有する原点検出用素子群１０と、第３の磁気抵抗素子６、第４の磁気抵抗素子７、第５の磁気抵抗素子８および第６の磁気抵抗素子９とを有する磁気抵抗素子群１１とを備えている。 In addition, the first to sixth magnetoresistive elements 4 to 9 that are movable relative to the direction in which the magnetic scale 1 is repeatedly magnetized and whose resistance value changes according to the magnetic field from the magnetic scale 1 are provided. An origin detecting element group 10 having a first magnetoresistive element 4 and a second magnetoresistive element 5, a third magnetoresistive element 6, a fourth magnetoresistive element 7, and a fifth magnetoresistive element. And a magnetoresistive element group 11 having the sixth and sixth magnetoresistive elements 9.
磁気スケール１は第１〜第６の磁気抵抗素子４〜９に対して図１における左右方向に移動し、磁気スケール１の着磁方向は図１における左から右方向または右から左方向になっている。 The magnetic scale 1 moves in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 with respect to the first to sixth magnetoresistive elements 4 to 9, and the magnetization direction of the magnetic scale 1 changes from left to right or right to left in FIG. ing.
第１〜第６の磁気抵抗素子４〜９は、磁界の向きと同じ方向において抵抗値が変化し、紙面垂直方向の磁界では抵抗値が変化しないＭＲセンサまたはＧＭＲセンサである。第１〜第６の磁気抵抗素子４〜９はそれぞれ、実際には磁気スケール１に対向して配置されている。 The first to sixth magnetoresistive elements 4 to 9 are MR sensors or GMR sensors whose resistance value changes in the same direction as the direction of the magnetic field and whose resistance value does not change in the magnetic field perpendicular to the paper surface. The first to sixth magnetoresistive elements 4 to 9 are actually arranged to face the magnetic scale 1.
前記原点検出用素子群１０は、第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５を有している。第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５とは電気的に直列に接続されている。 The origin detecting element group 10 includes a first magnetoresistive element 4 and a second magnetoresistive element 5. The first magnetoresistive element 4 and the second magnetoresistive element 5 are electrically connected in series.
第１の磁気抵抗素子４における第２の磁気抵抗素子５とは異なる側の端部は第１の電圧印加端子１２である。第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５間は第１の出力端子１３が設けられている。第２の磁気抵抗素子５における第１の電圧印加端子１２とは異なる側の端部は第１のグランド端子１４である。 The end of the first magnetoresistive element 4 on the side different from the second magnetoresistive element 5 is a first voltage application terminal 12. A first output terminal 13 is provided between the first magnetoresistive element 4 and the second magnetoresistive element 5. The end of the second magnetoresistive element 5 on the side different from the first voltage application terminal 12 is a first ground terminal 14.
第１の磁気抵抗素子４、第２の磁気抵抗素子５は、磁気スケール１の着磁方向、すなわち図１における左から右方向にλ／２離して配置されている。 The first magnetoresistive element 4 and the second magnetoresistive element 5 are arranged at a distance of λ / 2 from the magnetization direction of the magnetic scale 1, that is, from the left to the right in FIG.
なお、第１の磁気抵抗素子４、第２の磁気抵抗素子５は、これらの間での相対位置が変化しないように、同一の物体（図示せず）上に固定されている。 In addition, the 1st magnetoresistive element 4 and the 2nd magnetoresistive element 5 are being fixed on the same object (not shown) so that the relative position between these may not change.
磁気抵抗素子群１１は第３の磁気抵抗素子６、第４の磁気抵抗素子７、第５の磁気抵抗素子８および第６の磁気抵抗素子９を有している。 The magnetoresistive element group 11 includes a third magnetoresistive element 6, a fourth magnetoresistive element 7, a fifth magnetoresistive element 8, and a sixth magnetoresistive element 9.
第３の磁気抵抗素子６と第４の磁気抵抗素子７とは電気的に直列に接続されている。第３の磁気抵抗素子６における第４の磁気抵抗素子７とは異なる側の端部は第２の電圧印加端子１５である。第３の磁気抵抗素子６と第４の磁気抵抗素子７間は第２の出力端子１６が設けられている。第４の磁気抵抗素子７における第２の電圧印加端子１５とは異なる側の端部は第２のグランド端子１７である。 The third magnetoresistive element 6 and the fourth magnetoresistive element 7 are electrically connected in series. The end of the third magnetoresistive element 6 on the side different from the fourth magnetoresistive element 7 is a second voltage application terminal 15. A second output terminal 16 is provided between the third magnetoresistive element 6 and the fourth magnetoresistive element 7. The end of the fourth magnetoresistive element 7 on the side different from the second voltage application terminal 15 is a second ground terminal 17.
同様に第５の磁気抵抗素子８と第６の磁気抵抗素子９とは電気的に直列に接続され、第５の磁気抵抗素子８における第６の磁気抵抗素子９とは異なる側の端部は第３の電圧印加端子１８であり、第５の磁気抵抗素子８と第６の磁気抵抗素子９間は第３の出力端子１９が設けられ、第６の磁気抵抗素子９における第３の電圧印加端子１８とは異なる側の端部は第３のグランド端子２０である。 Similarly, the fifth magnetoresistive element 8 and the sixth magnetoresistive element 9 are electrically connected in series, and the end of the fifth magnetoresistive element 8 on the side different from the sixth magnetoresistive element 9 is A third voltage application terminal 18 is provided between the fifth magnetoresistive element 8 and the sixth magnetoresistive element 9, and a third output terminal 19 is provided. The end on the side different from the terminal 18 is a third ground terminal 20.
ここで、第５の磁気抵抗素子８と第６の磁気抵抗素子９との間に第４の磁気抵抗素子７が、第３の磁気抵抗素子６と第４の磁気抵抗素子７との間に第５の磁気抵抗素子８が位置している。 Here, the fourth magnetoresistive element 7 is provided between the fifth magnetoresistive element 8 and the sixth magnetoresistive element 9, and the third magnetoresistive element 6 and the fourth magnetoresistive element 7 are provided. The fifth magnetoresistive element 8 is located.
第３の磁気抵抗素子６、第５の磁気抵抗素子８、第４の磁気抵抗素子７および第６の磁気抵抗素子９は、磁気スケール１の着磁方向、すなわち図１における左右方向にλ／８ずつ離して配置されている。電気的に直列に接続された第３の磁気抵抗素子６と第４の磁気抵抗素子７とはλ／４離して配置され、電気的に直列に接続された第５の磁気抵抗素子８と第６の磁気抵抗素子９とはλ／４離して配置されている。 The third magnetoresistive element 6, the fifth magnetoresistive element 8, the fourth magnetoresistive element 7, and the sixth magnetoresistive element 9 are arranged in the direction of magnetization of the magnetic scale 1, that is, in the horizontal direction in FIG. They are arranged 8 by 8 apart. The third magnetoresistive element 6 and the fourth magnetoresistive element 7 electrically connected in series are arranged apart from each other by λ / 4, and the fifth magnetoresistive element 8 and the fifth magnetoresistive element 8 electrically connected in series are 6 is arranged apart from the magnetoresistive element 9 by λ / 4.
なお、第３の磁気抵抗素子６、第４の磁気抵抗素子７、第５の磁気抵抗素子８および第６の磁気抵抗素子９は、これらの間での相対位置が変化しないように、同一の物体（図示せず）上に固定されている。 The third magnetoresistive element 6, the fourth magnetoresistive element 7, the fifth magnetoresistive element 8, and the sixth magnetoresistive element 9 are the same so that their relative positions do not change. It is fixed on an object (not shown).
ここで、原点検出用素子群１０および磁気抵抗素子群１１を同一の物体（図示せず）上に固定し、１パッケージ化してもよい。これにより、原点検出用素子群１０、磁気抵抗素子群１１間での相対位置の変化を確実に防止することができる。 Here, the origin detecting element group 10 and the magnetoresistive element group 11 may be fixed on the same object (not shown) to form one package. Thereby, the change of the relative position between the origin detection element group 10 and the magnetoresistive element group 11 can be reliably prevented.
そして、磁気スケール１と原点検出用素子群１０、磁気抵抗素子群１１とは相対的に移動を行う。これは、固定された磁気スケール１に対して原点検出用素子群１０、磁気抵抗素子群１１が移動するものであっても、固定された原点検出用素子群１０、磁気抵抗素子群１１磁に対して磁気スケール１が移動するものであっても、磁気スケール１と原点検出用素子群１０、磁気抵抗素子群１１とがともに移動するものであってもよい。 The magnetic scale 1, the origin detection element group 10, and the magnetoresistive element group 11 move relatively. This is because even if the origin detecting element group 10 and the magnetoresistive element group 11 move relative to the fixed magnetic scale 1, the fixed origin detecting element group 10 and the magnetoresistive element group 11 have a magnetism. On the other hand, even if the magnetic scale 1 moves, the magnetic scale 1, the origin detecting element group 10, and the magnetoresistive element group 11 may move together.
磁気スケール１と原点検出用素子群１０、磁気抵抗素子群１１との相対的な移動方向は、磁気スケール１の着磁方向であるが、磁気スケール１の移動方向（図１では紙面左から右方向）に磁気抵抗素子群１１と原点検出用素子群１０とが順に並んで位置している（図１では左から右方向へ、磁気抵抗素子群１１、原点検出用素子群１０の順）。 The relative movement direction of the magnetic scale 1, the origin detection element group 10, and the magnetoresistive element group 11 is the magnetization direction of the magnetic scale 1, but the movement direction of the magnetic scale 1 (in FIG. 1, from left to right in the drawing) (Direction), the magnetoresistive element group 11 and the origin detection element group 10 are arranged in order (in FIG. 1, from the left to the right, the magnetoresistive element group 11 and the origin detection element group 10 are in this order).
図２は、本発明の一実施の形態における磁気式位置検出装置の磁気スケール１の主な磁力線を示した図である。図中の矢印は磁力線を示している。Ｎ極２とＳ極３とに関係する磁力線を中心に記載している。Ｎ極２の着磁方向の中央部から磁力線が両隣のＳ極３に向かって伸びている。またＳ極３は着磁方向の中央部に両隣のＮ極２からの磁力線が向かっている。なお、図２においては、左のＳ極３の左側の磁力線および右のＮ極２の右側の磁力線を省略している。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing main lines of magnetic force of the magnetic scale 1 of the magnetic position detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention. Arrows in the figure indicate magnetic field lines. The magnetic field lines related to the N pole 2 and the S pole 3 are mainly described. Magnetic lines of force extend from the central portion of the N pole 2 in the magnetization direction toward the adjacent S pole 3. Further, the magnetic field lines from the adjacent N poles 2 are directed to the central part in the magnetization direction of the S pole 3. In FIG. 2, the magnetic field lines on the left side of the left S pole 3 and the magnetic field lines on the right side of the right N pole 2 are omitted.
図３は、本発明の一実施の形態における磁気式検出装置の検出原理を示す図である。図３の上段の図は、磁気スケール１と第１の磁気抵抗素子４との位置関係を示している。磁気スケール１に対向して第１の磁気抵抗素子４が設けられ、第１の磁気抵抗素子４は磁気スケール１における着磁方向に移動可能となっている。第１の磁気抵抗素子４のそれぞれの位置における磁界の第１の磁気抵抗素子４の感磁方向成分を示したのが中段のグラフで、それぞれの位置における第１の磁気抵抗素子４の抵抗値を示したのが下段のグラフである。 FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the detection principle of the magnetic detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The upper diagram in FIG. 3 shows the positional relationship between the magnetic scale 1 and the first magnetoresistive element 4. A first magnetoresistive element 4 is provided facing the magnetic scale 1, and the first magnetoresistive element 4 is movable in the magnetization direction of the magnetic scale 1. The middle graph shows the magnetic sensitive component of the first magnetoresistive element 4 of the magnetic field at each position of the first magnetoresistive element 4, and the resistance value of the first magnetoresistive element 4 at each position. This is shown in the lower graph.
第１の磁気抵抗素子４がＮ極２と左のＳ極３の境界に位置するときには、第１の磁気抵抗素子４を貫く磁力線の感磁方向（直交）成分が増加し、抵抗値は低下する。一方、第１の磁気抵抗素子４がＮ極２の中央部に位置するときには、第１の磁気抵抗素子４を貫く磁力線の感磁方向成分は減少し抵抗値は上昇する。第１の磁気抵抗素子４がＮ極２と右のＳ極３の境界に位置するときは、Ｎ極２と左のＳ極３の境界に位置するときに比べて磁界の方向は逆であるが、第１の磁気抵抗素子４は磁界の正逆の向きに対して同様の抵抗値を示すので、抵抗値としてはＮ極２と左のＳ極３の境界に位置するときと同様の抵抗値を示す。 When the first magnetoresistive element 4 is located at the boundary between the N pole 2 and the left S pole 3, the magnetosensitive direction (orthogonal) component of the lines of magnetic force passing through the first magnetoresistive element 4 increases and the resistance value decreases. To do. On the other hand, when the first magnetoresistive element 4 is positioned at the center of the N pole 2, the magnetically sensitive component of the magnetic lines of force passing through the first magnetoresistive element 4 decreases and the resistance value increases. When the first magnetoresistive element 4 is located at the boundary between the N pole 2 and the right S pole 3, the direction of the magnetic field is opposite to that when it is located at the boundary between the N pole 2 and the left S pole 3. However, since the first magnetoresistive element 4 exhibits the same resistance value with respect to the forward and reverse directions of the magnetic field, the resistance value is the same as that when it is located at the boundary between the N pole 2 and the left S pole 3. Indicates the value.
図３の下段に示すように、第１の磁気抵抗素子４の抵抗値は、略正弦波の抵抗値変化を示す。そして、第１の磁気抵抗素子４の抵抗値変化は磁気スケール１におけるλ／２間で一周期となっている。なお、図３は、説明を簡単にするために、代表として第１の磁気抵抗素子４が紙面左から右方向に移動した場合について説明している。 As shown in the lower part of FIG. 3, the resistance value of the first magnetoresistive element 4 shows a change in the resistance value of a substantially sine wave. The change in the resistance value of the first magnetoresistive element 4 is one cycle between λ / 2 in the magnetic scale 1. Note that FIG. 3 illustrates a case where the first magnetoresistive element 4 is moved from the left to the right as a representative for the sake of simplicity.
図１に示すように、第３の磁気抵抗素子６と第４の磁気抵抗素子７とはλ／４の間隔で配置されている。従って、第２の出力端子１６からは第３の磁気抵抗素子６と第４の磁気抵抗素子７との抵抗値変化に応じた電圧を取り出すことができ、その磁気抵抗素子群１１の移動に対しては、図３の下段の正弦波と同周期の略正弦波の出力となる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the 3rd magnetoresistive element 6 and the 4th magnetoresistive element 7 are arrange | positioned by the space | interval of (lambda) / 4. Therefore, a voltage corresponding to a change in resistance value between the third magnetoresistive element 6 and the fourth magnetoresistive element 7 can be taken out from the second output terminal 16, and the movement of the magnetoresistive element group 11 can be taken out. Thus, the output is a substantially sine wave having the same period as the lower sine wave in FIG.
第５の磁気抵抗素子８と第６の磁気抵抗素子９においても同様であり、第３の出力端子１９から略正弦波の出力がなされるが、第３の磁気抵抗素子６と第５の磁気抵抗素子８間、第４の磁気抵抗素子７と第６の磁気抵抗素子９間はλ／４の距離が離れているので、第２の出力端子１６からの出力に対してλ／８の位相差の出力となる。 The same applies to the fifth magnetoresistive element 8 and the sixth magnetoresistive element 9, and a substantially sine wave is output from the third output terminal 19, but the third magnetoresistive element 6 and the fifth magnetoresistive element 9 Since the distance of λ / 4 is separated between the resistive elements 8 and between the fourth magnetoresistive element 7 and the sixth magnetoresistive element 9, the position of λ / 8 with respect to the output from the second output terminal 16 Outputs the phase difference.
磁気抵抗素子群１１の出力信号（第２の出力端子１６からの出力信号、第３の出力端子１９からの出力信号）の波形を図４に示す。両者の位相差から移動方向を検知し、信号の計数から移動距離を検知する。 FIG. 4 shows the waveforms of the output signals from the magnetoresistive element group 11 (the output signal from the second output terminal 16 and the output signal from the third output terminal 19). The moving direction is detected from the phase difference between the two, and the moving distance is detected from the signal count.
次に、第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５とを備えた原点検出用素子群１０を用いた原点検知の検出原理について説明する。 Next, the detection principle of origin detection using the origin detection element group 10 including the first magnetoresistive element 4 and the second magnetoresistive element 5 will be described.
なお、この原点は、絶対位置の基準であり、ここでは磁気スケール１の端部に対応する。 This origin is a reference for the absolute position, and corresponds to the end of the magnetic scale 1 here.
図５に示すように、紙面左方向から磁気スケール１が移動してきたとき、原点検出用素子群１０の左側の第１の磁気抵抗素子４が、最も右端のＮ極２の磁界によって抵抗値が変化し信号を出力する。この信号によって原点が検知される。 As shown in FIG. 5, when the magnetic scale 1 moves from the left side of the drawing, the first magnetoresistive element 4 on the left side of the origin detection element group 10 has a resistance value due to the magnetic field of the rightmost N pole 2. Change and output a signal. The origin is detected by this signal.
さらに磁気スケール１が右方向へ移動すると、第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５間の距離がλ／２であり、上述したように抵抗値変化はλ／２間で一周期するため、両者とも同じ抵抗値となり、信号を出力しない。 When the magnetic scale 1 further moves to the right, the distance between the first magnetoresistive element 4 and the second magnetoresistive element 5 is λ / 2, and as described above, the change in resistance value is constant between λ / 2. Since they are periodic, both have the same resistance value and do not output a signal.
移動が終了する際、原点検出用素子群１０の右側の第２の磁気抵抗素子５が、最も左端のＮ極２の磁界によって抵抗値が変化し信号を出力する。移動の終了時では原点と磁界の方向が逆であるため、原点の出力とは逆の向きになっている。 When the movement ends, the second magnetoresistive element 5 on the right side of the origin detection element group 10 changes its resistance value due to the leftmost N pole 2 magnetic field and outputs a signal. At the end of the movement, the direction of the origin and the magnetic field are opposite, so the direction of the origin is opposite.
したがって、原点検出用素子群１０からは磁気スケール１の両端部（磁気スケール１の移動の最初と最後）のみで信号が出力される。図６に原点検出用素子群１０の出力信号の波形を示す。２つの出力信号間の長さが磁気スケール１の長さとなる。 Therefore, the origin detection element group 10 outputs signals only at both ends of the magnetic scale 1 (first and last movement of the magnetic scale 1). FIG. 6 shows the waveform of the output signal of the origin detection element group 10. The length between the two output signals is the length of the magnetic scale 1.
なお、紙面右方向から磁気スケール１が移動してきたときは、原点検出用素子群１０の右側の第２の磁気抵抗素子５が、最も左端のＮ極２とＳ極３との間の境界の磁界によって抵抗値が変化し信号を出力し、この信号によって原点が検知される。 When the magnetic scale 1 is moved from the right side of the drawing, the second magnetoresistive element 5 on the right side of the origin detection element group 10 has a boundary between the leftmost N pole 2 and S pole 3. The resistance value is changed by the magnetic field and a signal is output, and the origin is detected by this signal.
本発明の一実施の形態における磁気式位置検出装置は、磁気スケール１において着磁された方向におけるＮ極２の中心と隣り合うＮ極２の中心間の長さをλとしたとき、第１の磁気抵抗素子４と第２の磁気抵抗素子５をλ/２離れて配置しているため、第１の磁気抵抗素子４または第２の磁気抵抗素子５は、磁気スケール１が原点を通過したときのみ、信号が検出され、それ以外では信号が検出されず、これにより、簡単な構成で、磁気スケールの原点を検出することができるという効果が得られるものである。 The magnetic position detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention is configured such that the length between the centers of the N poles 2 adjacent to the center of the N pole 2 in the direction magnetized in the magnetic scale 1 is λ. Since the magnetoresistive element 4 and the second magnetoresistive element 5 are arranged apart from each other by λ / 2, the first magnetoresistive element 4 or the second magnetoresistive element 5 has the magnetic scale 1 passed through the origin. Only when the signal is detected, otherwise the signal is not detected, which provides an effect that the origin of the magnetic scale can be detected with a simple configuration.
すなわち、位置情報を検出する磁気抵抗素子群１１と同じような構成で原点を検知する原点検出用素子群１０を構成できるため、同一の基板、物体（図示せず）上に両者を固定すれば、別の部品を使用する必要がなくなり、これにより、光学機器等の構造が複雑になることを防止することができる。また、位置の調整が不要となる。 That is, since the origin detecting element group 10 for detecting the origin can be configured with the same configuration as the magnetoresistive element group 11 for detecting position information, if both are fixed on the same substrate and object (not shown). Therefore, it is not necessary to use another component, thereby preventing the structure of the optical apparatus or the like from becoming complicated. Further, it is not necessary to adjust the position.
なお、図７に示すように、さらに他の原点検出用素子群１０ａを設け、磁気スケール１の着磁方向に対し、磁気抵抗素子群１１の左側、すなわち磁気抵抗素子群１１を挟んで原点検出用素子群１０と反対側に他の原点検出用素子群１０ａを配置してもよい。他の原点検出用素子群１０ａからも磁気スケール１の両端部のみで信号が出力される。他の原点検出用素子群１０ａは原点検出用素子群１０と同じ構成になっている。 As shown in FIG. 7, another origin detection element group 10 a is further provided, and the origin detection is performed on the left side of the magnetoresistive element group 11 with respect to the magnetization direction of the magnetic scale 1, that is, by sandwiching the magnetoresistive element group 11. Another origin detection element group 10 a may be arranged on the opposite side to the element group 10 for use. Signals are output only from both ends of the magnetic scale 1 from the other origin detection element groups 10a. The other origin detection element groups 10 a have the same configuration as the origin detection element group 10.
図８に、原点検出用素子群１０、他の原点検出用素子群１０ａ、磁気抵抗素子群１１それぞれの出力信号の波形を示す。 FIG. 8 shows waveforms of output signals of the origin detection element group 10, the other origin detection element group 10a, and the magnetoresistive element group 11, respectively.
磁気抵抗素子群１１で出力される信号のうちの一部が位置情報として使用する信号有効範囲Ｘとして規定されている場合、原点検出用素子群１０の最初の出力信号と他の原点検出用素子群１０ａの最後の出力信号との間の信号を信号有効範囲Ｘとすることができる。 When a part of signals output from the magnetoresistive element group 11 is defined as a signal effective range X used as position information, the first output signal of the origin detecting element group 10 and other origin detecting elements The signal effective range X can be a signal between the last output signal of the group 10a.
このとき、原点検出用素子群１０と磁気抵抗素子群１１との距離Ａ、磁気抵抗素子群１１と他の原点検出用素子群１０ａとの距離Ｂを適切に設定しておく。 At this time, the distance A between the origin detecting element group 10 and the magnetoresistive element group 11 and the distance B between the magnetoresistive element group 11 and another origin detecting element group 10a are set appropriately.
さらに、他の原点検出用素子群１０ａにおいて、第１のグランド端子１４から電圧を印加し、第１の電圧印加端子１２をグランドとした場合、他の原点検出用素子群１０ａにおける出力信号は、原点検出用素子群１０の出力信号と反対（正負が逆）になる。 Furthermore, in another origin detection element group 10a, when a voltage is applied from the first ground terminal 14 and the first voltage application terminal 12 is grounded, an output signal in the other origin detection element group 10a is: The output signal of the origin detection element group 10 is opposite (positive and negative are opposite).
この場合、他の原点検出用素子群１０ａの最後の出力信号は、原点検出用素子群１０の最初の出力信号と同じ方向（正負が同一）になる。図８では、他の原点検出用素子群１０ａの最後の出力信号も、原点検出用素子群１０の最初の出力信号と同じゼロよりプラス（正）の出力になる。しがたって、出力信号のプラス部分に閾値を設ければ、容易に信号有効範囲Ｘを測定できる。 In this case, the last output signal of the other origin detection element group 10 a is in the same direction (positive and negative are the same) as the first output signal of the origin detection element group 10. In FIG. 8, the last output signal of the other origin detection element group 10 a is also a positive (positive) output from the same zero as the first output signal of the origin detection element group 10. Therefore, the signal effective range X can be easily measured by providing a threshold value in the plus portion of the output signal.
本発明に係る磁気式位置検出装置は、簡単な構成で、磁気スケールの原点を検出することができるという効果を有するものであり、特にカメラ等の光学機器のレンズ等のリニアの位置を検出する磁気式位置検出装置等として有用である。 The magnetic position detection apparatus according to the present invention has an effect that the origin of the magnetic scale can be detected with a simple configuration, and in particular, detects the linear position of a lens of an optical device such as a camera. It is useful as a magnetic position detector.
１ 磁気スケール
２ Ｎ極
３ Ｓ極
４ 第１の磁気抵抗素子
５ 第２の磁気抵抗素子
６ 第３の磁気抵抗素子
７ 第４の磁気抵抗素子
８ 第５の磁気抵抗素子
９ 第６の磁気抵抗素子
１０ 原点検出用素子群
１１ 磁気抵抗素子群
１２ 第１の電圧印加端子
１３ 第１の出力端子
１４ 第１のグランド端子
１５ 第２の電圧印加端子
１６ 第２の出力端子
１７ 第２のグランド端子
１８ 第３の電圧印加端子
１９ 第３の出力端子
２０ 第３のグランド端子
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnetic scale 2 N pole 3 S pole 4 1st magnetoresistive element 5 2nd magnetoresistive element 6 3rd magnetoresistive element 7 4th magnetoresistive element 8 5th magnetoresistive element 9 6th magnetoresistance Element 10 Origin detection element group 11 Magnetoresistive element group 12 First voltage application terminal 13 First output terminal 14 First ground terminal 15 Second voltage application terminal 16 Second output terminal 17 Second ground terminal 18 Third voltage application terminal 19 Third output terminal 20 Third ground terminal
Claims (5)
前記磁気スケールの繰り返し着磁された方向に対し相対的に移動可能であり、かつ前記磁気スケールからの磁界に応じて抵抗値が変化する第１の磁気抵抗素子と第２の磁気抵抗素子とを備えた原点検出用素子群と、
前記第１の磁気抵抗素子と前記第２の磁気抵抗素子とを電気的に直列に接続し、前記第１の磁気抵抗素子と前記第２の磁気抵抗素子との電気的接続部に形成された第１の出力端子と、
前記第１の出力端子からの出力により前記磁気スケールの原点を求めるための処理を行う処理回路とを備え、
前記原点検出用素子群をそれぞれ前記磁気スケールに対向して配置し、
前記磁気スケールにおいて着磁された方向におけるＮ極の中心と隣り合うＮ極の中心間の長さをλとしたとき、
前記第１の磁気抵抗素子と前記第２の磁気抵抗素子をλ/２離れて配置した
磁気式位置検出装置。 A magnetic scale in which N and S poles are alternately magnetized;
A first magnetoresistive element and a second magnetoresistive element that are movable relative to a direction in which the magnetic scale is repeatedly magnetized and whose resistance value changes in accordance with a magnetic field from the magnetic scale. An origin detection element group provided; and
The first magnetoresistive element and the second magnetoresistive element are electrically connected in series, and are formed at an electrical connection portion between the first magnetoresistive element and the second magnetoresistive element. A first output terminal;
A processing circuit for performing processing for obtaining an origin of the magnetic scale by an output from the first output terminal;
The origin detection element groups are respectively arranged opposite to the magnetic scale,
When the length between the center of the N pole adjacent to the center of the N pole in the direction magnetized in the magnetic scale is λ,
A magnetic position detecting device in which the first magnetoresistive element and the second magnetoresistive element are arranged apart from each other by λ / 2.
前記第３の磁気抵抗素子と前記第４の磁気抵抗素子とを電気的に直列に接続し、前記第３の磁気抵抗素子と前記第４の磁気抵抗素子との電気的接続部に形成された第２の出力端子と、
前記第５の磁気抵抗素子と前記第６の磁気抵抗素子とを電気的に直列に接続し、前記第５の磁気抵抗素子と前記第６の磁気抵抗素子との電気的接続部に形成された第３の出力端子と、
前記第２の出力端子からの出力および前記第３の出力端子からの出力により前記磁気スケールに対する前記磁気抵抗素子群の位置を求めるための処理を行う処理回路とを備え、
前記磁気抵抗素子群はそれぞれ前記磁気スケールに対向して配置され、
前記第３の磁気抵抗素子、前記第５の磁気抵抗素子、前記第４の磁気抵抗素子および前記第６の磁気抵抗素子は前記磁気スケールの着磁されている方向に対してそれぞれ順番にλ／８離れて配置された、
請求項１に記載の磁気式位置検出装置。 A third magnetoresistive element, a fourth magnetoresistive element, a second magnetoresistive element, which is movable relative to a direction in which the magnetic scale is repeatedly magnetized and whose resistance value changes in accordance with a magnetic field from the magnetic scale; A magnetoresistive element group including 5 magnetoresistive elements and a sixth magnetoresistive element;
The third magnetoresistive element and the fourth magnetoresistive element are electrically connected in series, and formed at an electrical connection portion between the third magnetoresistive element and the fourth magnetoresistive element. A second output terminal;
The fifth magnetoresistive element and the sixth magnetoresistive element are electrically connected in series, and are formed at an electrical connection portion between the fifth magnetoresistive element and the sixth magnetoresistive element. A third output terminal;
A processing circuit for performing processing for obtaining a position of the magnetoresistive element group with respect to the magnetic scale by an output from the second output terminal and an output from the third output terminal;
Each of the magnetoresistive element groups is disposed to face the magnetic scale,
The third magnetoresistive element, the fifth magnetoresistive element, the fourth magnetoresistive element, and the sixth magnetoresistive element are sequentially λ / in the direction in which the magnetic scale is magnetized. 8 apart,
The magnetic position detection device according to claim 1.
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