JP2018150125A - Working machine with lifting magnet and its control panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently discharge a capacitor of a control panel of a lifting magnet without movement between a cab and the control panel.SOLUTION: The work machine is provided with: a travel body; a turning body that is provided to the upper part of the travel body; an implement to which a lifting magnet is mounted; a generator 17 that is provided to the turning body; and a control panel 30 that controls the lifting magnet. In the work machine where the control panel 30 includes a capacitor circuit 32 having at least one capacitor for smoothing power output from the generator 17 and supplied to the lifting magnet, a discharge circuit 33 for discharging charges stored in the capacitor, and a breaker 34 for cutting off power from the generator 17, a discharge switch 37 which is provided in a cab 14 and operates the discharge circuit 33 to discharge the capacitor, and a breaker operation switch 36 which is linked with the breaker 34 and operates the discharge circuit 33 to discharge the capacitor when the breaker 34 is cut off are provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a lifting machine mounted on a work machine and a work machine including a control panel thereof, and more particularly to a work machine capable of improving the efficiency of discharging a capacitor provided in the control board.

  In a working machine such as a hydraulic excavator in which a revolving structure revolves with respect to a lower structure such as a traveling body, a lifting machine that adsorbs metal at a dismantling site, a scrap yard, or the like is mounted on a work machine (Patent Document 1, etc.) reference). Hereinafter, a work machine in which a lifting magnet is mounted on a work machine is simply referred to as a work machine.

JP 2007-308225 A

  When a lifting magnet is attached, a control panel for controlling the lifting magnet is attached to the work machine. An operating device that inputs instructions to the control panel (such as adjusting the magnetic force of the lifting magnet) is installed in the cab in consideration of workability. Similarly, a discharge switch for forcibly discharging the capacitor of the control panel may be arranged in the cab. By providing a discharge switch in the cab, the capacitor can be discharged while in the cab, which is highly effective in terms of workability.

  Here, the current flowing through the control panel of the lifting magnet is large, and a large amount of heat is generated during discharge. Many interior items including electrical equipment and driver's seats are densely arranged in the cab and there is not enough space, and some interior items are vulnerable to heat, so the control panel should be placed in the cab Is not preferred. Therefore, the control panel of the lifting magnet is installed outside the cab. However, the swivel body is precisely laid out due to swirl radius restrictions, and there is no room even in parts other than the cab, for example, on the opposite side of the cab with the work equipment sandwiched in front of the swivel body The actual situation is that the control panel is placed at the position. When maintaining the lifting magnet, it is necessary to turn off the breaker on the control panel and, in some cases, discharge the capacitor on the control panel. In this case, it is necessary to go back and forth between the control panel and the cab in order to operate the breaker and the discharge switch. When the control panel and the discharge switch are arranged as described above, it is necessary to go from one side of the aircraft to the opposite side in order to move between the cab and the control panel. I want to improve the efficiency of the lifting magnet maintenance work by omitting the traffic between the control panel and the cab.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a work machine equipped with a control panel that can efficiently discharge a capacitor by operation in a cab and efficiently perform maintenance work of a lifting magnet without going back and forth between cabs. There is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lower structure, a swivel body provided on an upper portion of the lower structure body and having a driver's cab, a work machine provided with a lifting magnet provided at a front portion of the swivel body, A motor provided in a revolving structure, a generator driven by the motor, and a control panel for controlling the lifting magnet, the control panel outputs electric power output from the generator and supplied to the lifting magnet In a working machine including a capacitor circuit having at least one capacitor for smoothing, a discharge circuit for discharging electric charge stored in the capacitor, and a breaker for cutting off power from the generator, the working machine is provided in the cab. A discharge switch for operating the discharge circuit to discharge the capacitor, and the breaker in conjunction with the breaker. Becomes disengaged condition and to actuate the discharge circuit, characterized in that it comprises a breaker interlock switch for discharging the capacitor.

  According to the present invention, since the capacitor can be discharged by operating the discharge switch in the cab, the capacitor can be discharged efficiently at the end of work. In addition, if the breaker is turned off, the breaker interlock switch is interlocked, and the capacitor can be automatically discharged without operating the discharge switch in the cab. This eliminates the need to go to the operator's cab for discharging the capacitor during maintenance of the lifting magnet, and can improve the efficiency of the lifting magnet maintenance work.

It is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the working machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the circuit diagram which extracted and represented the principal part of the electric circuit of the control panel with which the working machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention was equipped. It is the circuit diagram which extracted and represented the principal part of the electric circuit of the control panel with which the working machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention was equipped.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
1. Work Machine FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a work machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the front side (lower right side in FIG. 1), the rear side (upper left side), the left side (upper right side), and the right side (lower left side) of the work machine, The terms “rear”, “left”, and “right” are respectively referred to as “front side”, “rear side”, “left side”, and “right side”.

  The work machine shown in the figure includes a vehicle body 10 and a work machine (front work machine) 20, and a lifting magnet 23 is attached to the tip of the work machine 20 as a work tool. When it is simply described as a work machine in the present specification, it means a work machine in which a lifting magnet is attached to the work machine. In this embodiment, a hydraulic excavator is exemplified as a base machine of the work machine. However, the present invention can also be applied to a work machine such as a crane other than the hydraulic excavator and capable of mounting a lifting magnet as an attachment of the work machine. .

  The vehicle body 10 includes a traveling body 11 and a revolving body 12. The traveling body 11 includes left and right crawlers 13 having endless track tracks in the present embodiment, and travels by driving the left and right crawlers 13 by left and right traveling motors 18 respectively. For example, a hydraulic motor is used as the travel motor 18.

  The turning body 12 is provided on the traveling body 11 so as to be turnable via a turning device (not shown). The turning device includes a turning motor (not shown), and the turning body 12 is driven to turn with respect to the traveling body 11 by the turning motor. The swing motor in this embodiment is a hydraulic motor, but an electric motor may be used, or both a hydraulic motor and an electric motor may be used. A driver's cab 14 in which an operator is boarded is provided on one side (left side in the present embodiment) of the front portion of the swivel body 12 in the left-right direction. In addition to a driver's seat (not shown) where an operator sits, an operating device (not shown) for operating the work machine 20 and the swivel 12 and a discharge switch 37 (FIG. 2 and the like) are arranged inside the cab 14. Yes. A control panel 30 is disposed at a position on the opposite side of the cab 14 across the work machine 20 at the front of the revolving structure 12. The control panel 30 controls the lifting magnet 23. On the rear side of the cab 14 in the revolving structure 12 is a machine room 15 that houses a prime mover (not shown), a hydraulic pump (not shown) driven by the prime mover, a generator 17 (FIG. 2 etc.), etc. Is equipped with a counterweight 16 for adjusting the balance in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. The prime mover is an engine (internal combustion engine) or an electric motor. The prime mover that drives the generator 17 and the prime mover that drives the hydraulic pump may be shared or different. Further, the revolving structure 12 is provided with a battery 19, and the surplus output of the generator 17 is stored in the battery 19.

  The work machine 20 is a work device for performing a work of sucking metal scraps and the like, and is provided at the front portion of the swivel body 12 (on the right side of the cab 14 in the present embodiment). The work machine 20 is an articulated work arm including a boom 21, an arm 22, a lifting magnet 23, a boom cylinder 24, an arm cylinder 25, and a work tool cylinder 26. The boom 21 is connected to the frame of the swivel body 12 by pins (not shown) extending left and right. The boom cylinder 24 connects the boom 21 and the swing body 12. As the boom cylinder 24 expands and contracts, the boom 21 rotates up and down with respect to the revolving structure 12. The arm 22 is connected to the tip of the boom 21 by a pin (not shown) that extends to the left and right. The arm cylinder 25 connects the arm 22 and the boom 21. The arm 22 rotates with respect to the boom 21 as the arm cylinder 25 expands and contracts. The lifting magnet 23 is connected to the tip of the arm 22 by pins (not shown) extending horizontally and horizontally. The work tool cylinder 26 connects the lifting magnet 23 and the arm 22. The lifting magnet 23 rotates with respect to the arm 22 as the work tool cylinder 26 expands and contracts. The boom cylinder 24, the arm cylinder 25, and the work tool cylinder 26 are hydraulic cylinders that drive the work machine 20.

  The working machine according to the present embodiment is expected to be in a narrow environment surrounded by a pile of scraps in addition to the expected demand in Japan where the resource recycling is high. For this reason, it is assumed that the vehicle is smaller than a large work machine that cannot be transported without disassembly. In a large work machine, the required power of the corresponding lifting magnet is too large. On the other hand, since a large amount of iron scrap is attracted and transported by a lifting magnet, the work machine is required to have a corresponding weight from the viewpoint of ensuring the stability of the machine body. Therefore, this embodiment has a medium-sized vehicle having an intermediate vehicle size as compared with a large-sized work machine that cannot be transported unless it is disassembled and a small-sized work machine in which the turning radius of the turning body is about the width of the traveling body or less. It is preferable as a working machine. Some large-sized work machines have a plurality of prime movers and fans driven by the prime movers. However, in the work machine according to the present embodiment, the number of prime movers and fans (not shown) driven by the prime movers is one. Unlike large work machines, air conditioners are not accommodated in the cab bed. In some small work machines, a prime mover is partially placed on the turning device to reduce the turning radius. However, in the working machine according to the present embodiment, the prime mover is accommodated in the machine room 15 and is connected to the turning device. It is arranged on the rear side of the turning device without overlapping vertically. And it can be transported on a general road by carrying it on a transport vehicle such as a trailer without disassembling (removing the working machine 20 or the like) by taking the working machine 20 in a posture.

2. Control Panel FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the main part of the electrical circuit of the control panel. Inside the control panel 30 shown in the figure, a control device 31, a discharge circuit 33, a breaker 34, a relay switch 35, and a breaker interlocking switch 36 are provided.

  The control device 31 is a command calculation unit that controls the operation of the lifting magnet 23 (such as magnetic force adjustment), and includes a capacitor circuit 32 in addition to an output unit that controls and supplies power to the lifting magnet 23. A breaker 34 is installed in the middle of the wiring connecting the generator 17 and the control device 31, and the output power of the generator 17 is supplied to the control device 31 via the breaker 34. By turning off the breaker 34, the connection between the generator 17 and all the circuits connected thereto is simultaneously cut off, and the power supply from the generator 17 to the control panel 30 is cut off. The breaker 34 is a manual switch that is manually turned on and off.

  The capacitor circuit 32 has at least one capacitor. Although not shown in the drawing, the direction and voltage of the AC power output output from the generator 17 is adjusted by a rectifier circuit. The capacitor smoothes the power supplied to the lifting magnet 23 via the rectifier circuit, or absorbs and regenerates the energy stored in the lifting magnet 23 when the direction of the current supplied to the lifting magnet 23 is switched. To do.

  The discharge circuit 33 is a circuit that discharges (discharges) the electric charge stored in the capacitor of the capacitor circuit 32 by being connected to the capacitor circuit 32. The relay switch 35 is interposed between the discharge circuit 33 and the capacitor. Specifically, the capacitor and the discharge circuit 33 are connected via the switch part 35 a of the relay switch 35. In normal times (in a demagnetized state), the switch part 35a is in a cut-off state (OFF), and the connection between the capacitor and the discharge circuit 33 is cut off. The coil 35 b of the relay switch 35 is provided in the middle of the wiring connecting the battery 19 and the discharge switch 37 of the cab 14. When the discharge switch 37 is in the off state (OFF), the connection between the coil 35b of the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 is cut off if the breaker interlocking switch 36 is in the off state. Conversely, when the discharge switch 37 is in the on state (ON), the coil 35b of the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 are connected regardless of whether the breaker interlocking switch 36 is on or off.

  The breaker interlock switch 36 is provided on the control panel 30 and is interposed between the relay switch 35 and the battery 19. The breaker interlocking switch 36 is configured to operate in conjunction with the movement of the breaker 34, and in this embodiment is configured as a relay switch. In this embodiment, the breaker interlocking switch 36 and the discharge switch 37 are connected to the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 in parallel, respectively. The coil 35 b of the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 are connected via the switch part 36 a of the breaker interlocking switch 36. In addition, a current flows through the coil 36 b of the breaker interlocking switch 36 from, for example, a wiring connecting the breaker 34 and the control device 31. When a current flows through the coil 36b as the breaker 34 is turned on, the breaker interlocking switch 36 is excited and the switch portion 36a is opened (turned OFF). In this case, if the discharge switch 37 is turned off, the connection between the coil 35b of the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 is cut off. On the other hand, when the current to the coil 36b is cut off with the breaker 34 being turned off, the breaker interlocking switch 36 is demagnetized and the switch portion 36a is closed (turned ON). In this case, the coil 35b of the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 are connected regardless of whether the discharge switch 37 is turned on or off.

4). Operation In response to the operation of the operator in the cab 14, electric power is supplied or stopped to the lifting magnet 23 by the control device 31, and the magnetic force of the lifting magnet 23 is generated or stopped. In addition, by operating the working machine 20, the swivel body 12, the traveling body 11, and the like, metal scrap can be adsorbed and transported. When discharging the capacitor of the control panel 30 at the end of this operation, the operator operates a discharge switch 37 provided in the cab 14. Then, a current flows from the battery 19 to the coil 35b of the relay switch 35, the relay switch 35 is excited, and the switch portion 35a is closed. As a result, the discharge circuit 33 is connected to the capacitor, and the discharge circuit 33 operates to forcibly discharge the capacitor.

  On the other hand, when the breaker 34 is turned off at the control panel 30 for maintenance of the lifting magnet 23 or the like, the supply of the output power of the generator 17 to the control panel 30 is cut off. At the same time, the power supply to the coil 36b of the breaker interlock switch 36 is cut off, the breaker interlock switch 36 is demagnetized and switched to the on state, and the battery 19 is connected to the coil 35b of the relay switch 35 via the breaker interlock switch 36. . As a result, the relay switch 35 is switched to the on state, connected to the capacitor, the discharge circuit 33 is activated, and the capacitor is forcibly discharged.

4). Effect In the present embodiment as described above, connection and disconnection between the discharge circuit 33 and the capacitor are switched by either the discharge switch 37 disposed in the cab 14 or the breaker interlocking switch 36 incorporated in the control panel 30. If the discharge switch 37 is operated, the capacitor can be discharged in the cab 14, which is highly convenient in the work of discharging the capacitor at the end of the work. In addition, if the breaker 34 is turned off at the control panel 30, the breaker interlock switch 36 automatically enters the state and switches to the state, so that the capacitor can be moved without having to bother to move to the cab 14 and operate the discharge switch 37. Can be discharged. Thereby, it is not necessary to go back and forth between the control panel 30 and the cab 14 for the discharging operation of the capacitor during the maintenance of the lifting magnet 23, and the working efficiency of the maintenance of the lifting magnet 23 can be improved. Since the capacitor is automatically discharged by turning off the breaker 34, it is also advantageous that the capacitor is not forgotten to be discharged when the capacitor needs to be discharged.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram in which the main part of the electric circuit of the control panel provided in the work machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention is extracted and represented. This figure corresponds to FIG. 2 of the above embodiment, and the same parts as those in FIG. The difference between the working machine according to the present embodiment and the working machine according to the first embodiment is that the breaker interlocking switch 36 according to the above embodiment is electrically driven, whereas the breaker interlocking switch 36A according to this example is used. Is a mechanical drive type. Since other points are common to the above embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  The breaker interlocking switch 36A is provided on the control panel 30 and is interposed between the relay switch 35 and the battery 19, and the coil 35b of the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 are connected via the breaker interlocking switch 36A. The breaker interlocking switch 36 </ b> A is mechanically connected to at least one of the switches of the breaker 34, and is configured to switch on / off in conjunction with the on / off of the breaker 34. The breaker interlocking switch 36A switches to the on state when the breaker 34 is turned off, and switches to the off state when the breaker 34 enters the on state. That is, when the breaker 34 is in the on state, the breaker interlocking switch 36A is turned off, and the connection between the coil 35b of the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 is cut off. On the contrary, when the breaker 34 is in the cut state, the breaker interlocking switch 36A is turned on, and the coil 35b of the relay switch 35 and the battery 19 are connected.

  Also in this example, if the breaker 34 is turned off at the control panel 30, the breaker interlock switch 36A is switched to the on state, and the capacitor is discharged without moving to the cab 14 and operating the discharge switch 37. Can be made. Therefore, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.

(Other)
In the above, the configuration in which connection and disconnection of the capacitor and the discharge circuit 33 are switched by the relay switch 35 has been illustrated. However, it is also possible to use a transistor instead of the relay switch 35 if possible. The same applies to the breaker interlocking switch 36. It is also conceivable to use a control device that controls the discharge circuit 33 by detecting the on / off state of the discharge switch 37 and the breaker interlocking switches 36, 36A. Moreover, although the case where the working machine provided with the crawler type traveling body 11 as a lower structure is described as an example of application, the present invention can also be applied to a wheel type working machine. In addition, a case where a working machine having a self-propelling function by a traveling body is used as an application target has been described as an example. The present invention is also applicable to a work machine of the type.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Running body (lower structure), 12 ... Swing body, 14 ... Driver's cab, 17 ... Generator, 19 ... Battery, 20 ... Working machine, 23 ... Lifting magnet, 30 ... Control panel, 32 ... Capacitor circuit, 33 ... Discharge circuit, 34 ... breaker, 35 ... relay switch, 36, 36A ... breaker interlock switch, 37 ... discharge switch

Claims (3)

Lower structure, swivel body provided on the upper part of the lower structure and having a driver's cab, working machine provided with a lifting magnet provided at the front of the swivel body, prime mover provided on the swivel body, driven by the prime mover And a control circuit that controls the lifting magnet, the control panel having at least one capacitor that smoothes the electric power output from the generator and supplied to the lifting magnet, In a work machine including a discharge circuit for discharging electric charge stored in the capacitor, and a breaker for cutting off power from the generator,
A discharge switch provided in the cab and operating the discharge circuit to discharge the capacitor;
A working machine comprising a breaker interlocking switch for operating the discharge circuit to discharge the capacitor when the breaker is turned off in conjunction with the breaker.   2. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the relay is interposed between the discharge circuit and the capacitor, and is switched on and off by the discharge switch and the breaker interlocking switch to switch connection and disconnection between the discharge circuit and the capacitor. A working machine comprising a switch.   2. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the control panel is disposed at a position opposite to the operator's cab with the work machine being sandwiched by a front portion of the revolving structure.

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