JP2018014929A - Artificial pollinator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve efficient and effective pollination in order to substantially reduce the amount of the pollen used, and to improve the certainty of pollination to secure high fertility rate.SOLUTION: An artificial pollination machine which sprinkles a pollen P on a fruit tree Tf, as an interest for pollination, by a mechanical spreading means comprises a drone 2 flying by wireless control by a remote controller 2c, a pollen housing part 3 mounted in the drone 2 and housing the pollen P, a pollen discharge part 4 which discharges the pollen P housed in the pollen housing part 3 in succession, according to the predetermined the amount discharged, and a pollen spraying part 5 which sprays the pollen P discharged from the pollen discharge part 4, by at least one part of air w blowed from the drone 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an artificial pollinator that performs artificial pollination by spraying pollen on fruit trees to be pollinated by mechanical spraying means.

  In general, fruit farmers have been conducting artificial pollination work to attach pollen to each flower by using a brush or the like during the flowering period of fruit trees, but this method is manually performed one by one. Since the flowers are pollinated, the work time and labor required for the artificial pollination work becomes very difficult. For this reason, artificial pollination equipment that aims to increase work efficiency by performing artificial pollination by mechanical means (power means), shortening the work time required for artificial pollination work and reducing work labor is also available. Proposed.

  Conventionally, as this kind of artificial pollination equipment, a pollination robot disclosed in Patent Document 1 and a pollen injector disclosed in Patent Document 2 are known. The pollination robot of Patent Document 1 is intended to provide an automatic device for pollination that does not depend on an expensive and short-lived bee or an operator requiring labor costs. Specifically, a traveling device, An identification device that distinguishes normal flowers from non-shaped flowers, a vibration device that applies vibration to the flowers to perform pollination processing, a pollination-completed position storage device that stores a position where pollination processing has already been performed, and a normal flower in the identification device A control device that controls the vibration device to apply vibration only to the identified flower and controls to perform pollination processing except for the position where the pollination processing has already been performed in the pollination completed position storage device, and a harvesting device that harvests fruits It is provided and configured.

  The pollen injector disclosed in Patent Document 2 is intended to provide a high-efficiency pollen injector using wind power of an SS machine (speed sprayer) that efficiently increases the fertilization rate of fruit trees. Is a high-efficiency pollen sprayer that uses the wind power of the SS machine. It is connected to the pollen cylinder for storing pollen, and the pollen discharge that supplies the pollen to the cyclone tube through the pollen drop hole. It consists of a pipe, and a spring is installed inside the pollen discharge pipe. The spring is rotated by a rotating shaft that is operated by the power of the motor, and the pollen supplied through the pollen dropping hole is supplied from the SS machine. The strong wind forms a uniform vortex in the cyclone tube and is dispersed in the air through the injection port connected to the hole of the injection nozzle.

JP 2011-200196 A JP2015-149989A

  However, the above-described conventional artificial pollination devices (pollination robot, pollen sprayer) have the following problems.

  That is, since the pollination robot of Patent Document 1 is based on a method of performing artificial pollination individually, it is basically equivalent to a machine in which manual work is replaced with a machine. Therefore, even if the objective of reducing the work effort can be achieved, the objective cannot be sufficiently achieved from the viewpoint of shortening the work time related to pollination. In addition, the installation cost is large, such as laying a rail for traveling the pollination robot, and the robot is required to have a high degree of precision, so the initial cost cannot be ignored. In addition, if the required precision cannot be ensured, the quality of pollination itself cannot be ensured, and there is a possibility that it may cause adverse effects such as damage to flowers and plant bodies.

  On the other hand, the pollen sprayer of Patent Document 2 is based on a technique of performing artificial pollination by spraying pollen on the whole, so that the purpose of shortening the work time related to pollination and reducing the work labor can be achieved, and the precision is improved. Since a high and complicated configuration is not necessary, the initial cost can be reduced, but on the other hand, a large amount of pollen is required to ensure a fertilization rate. In particular, the petals of fruit trees bloom upwards toward the sun, so even if sprayed from below using a speed sprayer, a considerable amount of pollen adheres to the back of the petals and cannot be efficiently and effectively pollinated. For example, it has a fatal problem that it is not easy to increase the certainty (fertilization rate) of pollination.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial pollinator that solves the problems in the background art.

  An artificial pollinator 1 according to the present invention is an artificial pollinator that performs artificial pollination by spraying pollen P onto a fruit tree Tf to be pollinated by a mechanical spraying means in order to solve the above-described problems, and includes a remote controller A drone 2 which is wirelessly controlled by 2c and flies, a pollen container 3 mounted on the drone 2 and containing pollen P, and pollen P stored in the pollen container 3 are sequentially discharged according to a predetermined discharge amount. The pollen discharge part 4 which performs, and the pollen distribution part 5 which distributes the pollen P discharged | emitted from this pollen discharge part 4 with at least one part of the ventilation W from the drone 2 are comprised.

  In this case, according to a preferred aspect of the invention, the pollen storage unit 3, the pollen discharge unit 4 and the pollen spraying unit 5 can be integrally assembled as the pollen spraying unit 10 and detachable from the drone 2. For this reason, the pollen spraying unit 10 can be provided with an attachment portion 11 that can be attached to or detached from the leg portion 2 f of the drone 2. On the other hand, the pollen discharge unit 4 includes a discharge motor unit 12 and a screw mechanism unit 13 that is rotated by the discharge motor unit 12 and has a screw unit 13s inserted into a cylindrical discharge port 3s provided in the lower part of the pollen storage unit 3. It can be prepared. In addition, the pollen spraying unit 5 takes in a part of the air blow Wp from the drone 2 and the pollen P discharged from the pollen discharge unit 4 by the taken air blow Wp to the predetermined spray ports Sp and Sq. A guide portion 14 for guiding can be provided. As the guide portion 14, a duct portion 15 that guides the air blow Wp taken in from the drone 2 and discharges the pollen P from the pollen discharge portion 4, and this duct. One end opening faces the supply outlet 15e of the portion 15, and the other end opening is configured with hose members 16p, 16q configured as the spout ports Sp, Sq. For this reason, the pollen spraying unit 10 can be provided with hose holding mechanisms 17p and 17q that can change the direction and / or position of the spray ports Sp and Sq by holding the hose members 16p and 16q.

  According to the artificial pollinator 1 which concerns on this invention which has such a structure, there exist the following remarkable effects.

  (1) Since the artificial pollination machine 1 is based on a method of pollination by spraying pollen P on the whole, it is possible to greatly reduce the work time related to pollination and enjoy the basic effect of greatly reducing the work effort. In addition, since drone 2 can be used to spray pollen P from above on fruit tree Tf to be pollinated, pollen P falls from above against petals that bloom upwardly toward the sun, Efficient and effective artificial pollination with reduced waste of pollen P can be performed, and thus the amount of pollen P used can be greatly reduced.

  (2) Since the certainty of pollination can be dramatically improved, a high fertilization rate can be secured and the yield of fruits can be finally increased. In addition, it can contribute to quality improvement (homogeneity improvement), and also eliminates the need for large-scale equipment and a robot that requires high precision, thereby contributing to a reduction in initial cost.

  (3) If the pollen storage unit 3, the pollen discharge unit 4 and the pollen spraying unit 5 are integrally assembled as the pollen spraying unit 10 and are detachable from the drone 2 according to a preferred embodiment, various existing ones This can be implemented by using a general-purpose drone 2 as it is. Therefore, a dedicated design including the drone 2 is not required, so that significant cost reduction can be realized and versatility can be enhanced. In addition, the drone 2 can be used as a general-purpose drone 2 by removing the pollen spraying unit 10.

  (4) If the attachment part 11 which can be attached or detached with respect to the leg part 2f of the drone 2 is provided in the pollen spraying unit 10 according to a suitable aspect, the leg which exists in the general drone 2 as an essential component. The portion 2f can also be used as an attachment site for the pollen spreading unit 10. Therefore, by configuring the attachment portion 11 as one or a plurality of attachments that can be attached to the various drones 2, the attachment portion 11 can be flexibly and surely attached to the various drones 2, and easily by a relatively simple attachment component. Can be implemented.

  (5) According to a preferred embodiment, the pollen discharge section 4 is rotated by the discharge motor section 12 and the discharge motor section 12, and the screw section 13s is inserted into the cylindrical discharge port 3s provided in the lower part of the pollen storage section 3. If the screw mechanism portion 13 is provided, it can be realized by a small structure with a relatively small number of parts, which can contribute to ease of implementation and cost reduction, and the pollen accommodating portion by the feeding action of the rotating screw portion 13s. The pollen P accommodated in 3 can be reliably discharged.

  (6) According to a preferred embodiment, a part of the air blow Wp from the drone 2 is taken into the pollen spraying part 5 and the pollen P discharged from the pollen discharge part 4 by the taken air blow Wp is given a predetermined spraying port. If the guide part 14 which guides to the parts Sp and Sq is provided, the pollen P can be mixed in the air blow Wp and stirred before being released from the spray parts Sp and Sq. , Sq, the pollen P can be sprayed in a more uniform and stabilized state without being unevenly distributed in one direction.

  (7) By a suitable aspect, as the guide part 14, the duct part 15 which guides the ventilation Wp taken in from the drone 2 and the pollen P is discharged | emitted from the pollen discharge part 4, and supply of this duct part 15 If the hose members 16p and 16q are configured so that one end opening faces the outlet 15e and the other end opening is configured as the spout ports Sp and Sq, a relatively simple passage structure can be obtained. In addition, the position including the direction and height of the spout spouts Sp and Sq can be arbitrarily changed.

  (8) According to a preferred embodiment, the pollen spreading unit 10 is provided with hose holding mechanisms 17p, 17q that can change the direction and / or position of the spout ports Sp, Sq by holding the hose members 16p, 16q. For example, the direction and / or position of the hose members 16p, 16q and the spout port Sp, Sq can be arbitrarily set by the hose holding mechanisms 17p, 17q, and the set direction and / or position can be fixed.

An external front view of an artificial pollinator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, External plan view of the artificial pollinator, Appearance front view of drone equipped with the artificial pollinator, External plan view of the drone equipped in the artificial pollinator, An external front view of a pollen spraying unit provided in the artificial pollinator, Sectional drawing which shows a part of attachment part of the pollen distribution unit with which the artificial pollinator is equipped, A cross-sectional side view showing the internal structure of a pollen spraying unit provided in the artificial pollinator, A cross-sectional plan view of a pollen spraying unit provided in the artificial pollinator, Block system diagram showing the whole system of the artificial pollinator, Front view of the appearance of the unit controller attached to the remote controller provided in the artificial pollinator, Explanatory drawing of operation and function of the artificial pollinator, Explanatory drawing of how to use and action of the artificial pollinator

  Next, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be given and described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, the structure of the artificial pollinator 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated concretely with reference to FIGS.

  The artificial pollinator 1 is roughly divided into a drone (unmanned flying vehicle) 2 that is wirelessly controlled by a remote controller 2 c and performs flight, and a pollen spraying unit 10 mounted on the drone 2.

  In this case, the drone 2 may be constructed as a dedicated drone for the artificial pollinator 1 according to the present embodiment, or a general-purpose drone that is generally commercially available may be used as it is. 3 and 4 show an example of the drone 2 used in the present embodiment. The drone 2 is assumed to be a general-purpose drone that is generally marketed.

  The drone 2 includes a main body portion 21 whose outer shell is covered with a casing 22. The main body portion 21 incorporates main components such as a drone control unit 23, a battery 24, and a wireless communication unit 25 shown in FIG. 9. Auxiliary equipment such as a camera 26 and a GPS 27 mounted using the outer surface of the casing 22 is provided.

  In addition, a propulsion unit 28 is provided on the outer surface of the casing 22 of the main body unit 21. The illustrated propulsion unit 28 includes four arm portions 28x that protrude in the horizontal direction from the outer peripheral surface of the casing 22 and that are arranged at intervals of 90 ° (equal intervals). Each propeller motor portion 28m is supported. And each propeller motor part 28m ... attaches the propeller part 28p ... to the rotating shaft which protruded upwards, and is comprised.

  Further, the leg 2 f is attached to the bottom of the casing 22. The illustrated leg portion 2f is formed by bending a pipe material, and at least four standing member portions 31 projecting downward from the bottom portion of the casing 22 and the lower ends of the pair of standing member portions 31. A pair of link member portions 32... Positioned in the horizontal direction for connecting each other is provided. The leg portion 2f only needs to have a function of supporting the main body portion 21 at a certain height from the ground G when the drone 2 is landed, and can be implemented by the leg portions 2f of various forms.

  On the other hand, the remote controller 2c whose appearance is shown in FIG. The remote controller 2c has a function of wirelessly controlling the flight of the drone 2. The illustrated remote controller 2c includes a maneuvering operation unit 35 for manipulating the drone 2, an antenna unit 36, a grip unit 37, and the main body described above. A display unit 38 for displaying an image captured by the camera 26 mounted on the 21 side is provided.

  On the other hand, the pollen spraying unit 10 mounted on the drone 2 is configured as follows. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, this pollen spraying unit 10 is mounted on the above-described drone 2 and contains pollen P 3 containing pollen P, and pollen accommodated in this pollen container 3, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8. A pollen discharging unit 4 that sequentially discharges P according to a predetermined discharge amount, and a pollen spraying unit 5 that sprays the pollen P discharged from the pollen discharging unit 4 by at least part of the air blow W from the drone 2 are provided. .

  In this case, the pollen storage unit 3, the pollen discharge unit 4 and the pollen spraying unit 5 are integrally assembled as the pollen spraying unit 10 and are detachable from the drone 2. If comprised in this way, it can implement, utilizing the existing various general purpose drone 2 as it is. Therefore, a dedicated design including the drone 2 is not required, so that significant cost reduction can be realized and versatility can be enhanced. Moreover, the drone 2 has an advantage that it can be used as a general-purpose drone 2 if the pollen spraying unit 10 is removed.

  In the pollen spraying unit 10, reference numeral 41 denotes a casing in which the whole containing the pollen storage part 3, the pollen discharge part 4 and the pollen spraying part 5 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Further, the bottom surface of the casing 41 is provided with an attachment portion 11 that can be attached to or detached from the leg portion 2 f of the drone 2. If such an attachment part 11 is provided, the leg part 2f which exists as an essential component in the general drone 2 can be used also as an attachment part of the pollen distribution unit 10. Therefore, by configuring the attachment portion 11 as one or a plurality of attachments that can be attached to the various drones 2, the attachment portion 11 can be flexibly and surely attached to the various drones 2, and easily by a relatively simple attachment component. There are advantages that can be implemented.

  The illustrated drone 2 includes a pair of link member portions 32... When the legs 2 f are formed. Therefore, the attachment portion 11 that can be attached to and detached from the link member portions 32. That is, the attachment portion 11 is configured as an attachment attachment 43 as a whole, and as shown in FIG. 5, the attachment plate portion 44 that can be attached to the bottom surface of the casing 41 of the pollen spraying unit 10 with a fixing screw or the like, and the attachment plate Four mounting leg portions 45 projecting downward from the lower surface of the portion 44 and a pair of front and rear support stay portions 46 that hold the lower ends of the mounting leg portions 45. 47 indicates a fixing means using a fixing screw including a nut for fixing the lower end of the mounting leg 45 to the support stay 46, and 48 indicates openings at both ends of the support stay 46. The cap to close is shown.

  Then, four portions in the vicinity of the end portions of the support stay portions 46 are attached on the link member portions 32, respectively. FIG. 6 shows an attachment structure M of one part (the same applies to other parts). In this attachment structure M, insertion holes 46 s and 32 s that penetrate vertically are formed in the support stay portion 46 and the link member portion 32, respectively, and a fixing screw 49 is inserted into the insertion hole 46 s of the support stay portion 46 from above. In addition, the tip (lower end) of the fixing screw 49 is further inserted in the order of the buffer ring 50 and the insertion hole 32s of the link member portion 32, and the cap nut 51 is screwed to the tip (lower end) of the fixing screw 49. An example is shown.

  On the other hand, the example of a structure of the principal part in the pollen distribution unit 10 is shown in FIG.7 and FIG.8. First, the pollen storage unit 3 includes a storage tank 52 configured in a hermetically sealed manner and a pollen storage port 53 provided at an upper side of the storage tank 52. In addition, 53c shows the removable cap with which the pollen accommodation opening 53 was mounted | worn. The bottom surface portion of the storage tank 52 is formed in an inverted conical shape with a lower center, and a discharge port 3s is formed at the center position with the inner surface formed in a cylindrical shape and penetrating vertically. Thereby, the target pollen P can be stored from the pollen storage port 53 into the storage tank 52. In addition, the pollen P to be used is the pollen powder for artificial pollination mixed with the extender.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the pollen discharge unit 4 is a discharge motor unit 12 attached to the upper surface of the storage tank 52, and a cylindrical shape that is rotated by the discharge motor unit 12 and provided at the lower part of the pollen storage unit 3. The screw mechanism part 13 which inserted the screw part 13s in the discharge port 3s is provided. The screw mechanism unit 13 includes a drive shaft 54 coupled to the rotation output unit of the discharge motor unit 12. The lower part of the drive shaft 54 constitutes a screw part 13s inserted into the discharge port 3s, and the upper part is horizontal. The stirring portion 55f is configured by providing at least one stirring fin 55fm... Protruding in the direction. If the pollen discharge part 4 is configured in this way, it can be realized by a small structure with a relatively small number of parts, which contributes to easy implementation and cost reduction, and also accommodates pollen by the feeding action of the rotating screw part 13s. There is an advantage that the pollen P accommodated in the portion 3 can be surely discharged.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, the pollen spraying unit 5 takes in a part of the air blow Wp from the drone 2 and disperses the pollen P discharged from the pollen discharge unit 4 by the taken air blow Wp. The guide part 14 which guides to the mouth parts Sp and Sq is provided. If such a guide part 14 is provided, the pollen P can be mixed in the blower Wp and stirred before being discharged from the spray port Sp, Sq, and therefore released from the spray port Sp, Sq. In doing so, there is an advantage that pollen P can be sprayed in a more uniform and stabilized state without being unevenly distributed in one direction.

  In this case, as the guide part 14, the duct part 15 which guides the ventilation Wp taken in from the drone 2 and the pollen P from the pollen discharge part 4 is discharged, and the supply outlet 15e of the duct part 15 is open at one end. And the hose members 16p and 16q having the other end opening as the spout port Sp and Sq. If comprised in this way, since it can be set as a comparatively simple channel | path structure, while being able to implement easily and at low cost, there exists an advantage which can change arbitrarily the position containing the direction and height of the sprinkling part Sp and Sq. is there.

  The illustrated duct portion 15 includes a pair of air intake duct portions 61p and 61q that are provided on the front and rear (or left and right) of the storage tank 52 and open upward, and the air intake duct portion 61p. , 61q, and the communication duct portion 61m that connects the lower portions of the air intake duct portions 61p and 61q to communicate with each other. The communication duct portion 61 m is located below the discharge port 3 s and is provided along the lower surface of the storage tank 52. A supply outlet 15e is formed at the central position of the communication duct portion 61m so that one end opening of the pair of hose members 16p and 16q faces, and the other end of each of the hose members 16p and 16q faces the side surface of the casing 41. It penetrates to the outside and is provided with spouts Sp and Sq (see FIG. 1) at the tip.

  As a result, when the pollen spraying unit 10 is attached to the drone 2, if the propeller portion 28p of the drone 2 rotates and the drone 2 flies, a part of the blow W from the propeller portion 28p. Wp... Enters the air inlets 61pi and 61qi of the air intake duct portions 61p and 61q, and is discharged from the spray port portions Sp and Sq via the duct portion 15. At this time, the pollen discharging unit 4 can sequentially supply the pollen P stored in the pollen storage unit 3 in accordance with a predetermined supply amount to the communication duct unit 61m.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the direction and / or position of the spout port Sp, Sq can be changed by holding the hose members 16 p, 16 q on the left and right side surfaces of the casing 41 in the pollen spraying unit 10. A pair of left and right hose holding mechanisms 17p and 17q are provided. The hose holding mechanisms 17p and 17q are brackets 62p and 62q fixed to the left and right side surfaces of the casing 41, respectively, and an I-shaped first arm whose one end is supported by the brackets 62p and 62q via adjustment screws 64p and 64q. 63p, 63q, and the other ends of the first arms 63p, 63q, L-shaped second arms 65p, 65q, one end of which is supported via adjustment screws 66p, 66q, and hose members 16p, 16q in the middle position Fixed bands 67p, 67q that can be fixed to the first arms 63p, 63q, and fixed bands 68p, 68q,... That can fix the spouts Sp, Sq to the first arms 63p, 63q.

  Therefore, if such hose holding mechanisms 17p and 17q are provided, the direction and / or position of the hose members 16p and 16q and the spout ports Sp and Sq can be arbitrarily set and set by the hose holding mechanisms 17p and 17q. There is an advantage that the fixed direction and / or position can be fixed.

  On the other hand, a control box 71 shown in FIG. In the control box 71, a control system in the pollen spraying unit 10 such as the unit control unit 72, the wireless communication unit 73, and the motor driver 74 shown in FIG. The output part of the motor driver 74 is connected to the discharge motor part 12 described above, and a residual quantity sensor 75 for detecting the residual quantity of pollen P to be accommodated is laid in the accommodating tank 52. Connect to the sensor port of the unit controller 72. The control box 71 (unit control unit 72) is connected to the battery 24 built in the main body 21 in the drone 2, and uses the battery 24 on the drone 2 side as a power source.

  Furthermore, the pollen spraying unit 10 is attached with a unit controller 10c shown in FIGS. The unit controller 10c can communicate with the wireless communication unit 73 and has a function of wirelessly controlling the pollen spreading unit 10. As shown in FIG. 10, the unit controller 10 c includes a casing 81, an antenna unit 82, an operation switch 83, a spray amount variable unit 84, and a battery connection cord 85. The battery connection cord 85 is used by being connected to a battery built in the unit controller 10c. Of course, a dedicated battery may be mounted on the unit controller 10c. Accordingly, the unit controller 10c is used by being fixed at a predetermined position on the outer surface of the remote controller 2c via the mounting means (adhesion means) 85 as shown in FIG. 10 in order to ensure the operability and convenience. Is desirable. Note that the communication frequency used by the wireless communication unit 25 and the wireless communication unit 73 can be varied up to a value that can avoid mutual interference, and the communication method can be varied as necessary.

  Thus, the unit controller 10c can wirelessly control the operation and stop of the discharge motor unit 12 by the operation switch 83, and can control the rotation speed of the discharge motor unit 12 by the rotation operation of the spray amount variable unit 84. . That is, by remotely controlling the unit controller 10c, the pollen P is spread and stopped, and further, the amount of pollen P discharged from the discharge port 3s is variably controlled wirelessly, and the amount of spread pollen P (spread density) is dispersed. It can be controlled arbitrarily.

  Next, the usage method and operation (action) of the artificial pollinator 1 according to the present embodiment will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.

  First, when using the artificial pollination machine 1, the drone 2 shown in FIG.3 and FIG.4 is prepared. Then, the pollen spraying unit 10 shown in FIG. In this case, the pair of front and rear support stay portions 46 (attachment portion 11) in the attachment portion 11 of the pollen spreading unit 10 are fixed to the pair of link member portions 32 by the attachment structure M shown in FIG. Further, the cap 53c is removed from the pollen storage port 53, and the intended pollen P used for pollination is stored in the storage tank 52 from the pollen storage port 53. Then, setting (adjustment) of the direction and position (height) of the spout port Sp, Sq in consideration of the form of the drone 2 (interval and quantity of the propeller parts 28p...) And the type and size of the fruit tree Tf. I do.

  If the above preparation is completed, as shown in FIG. 12, the remote controller 2c is operated and the drone 2 carrying the pollen distribution unit 10 is made to fly. At this time, since the camera 26 can capture an image directly below the drone 2 and the captured image can be confirmed by the display unit 38 of the remote controller 2c, the operator (user) is in a state below the drone 2, particularly The state of the fruit tree Tf and the petals Tff can be clearly known through the image displayed on the display unit 38.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12, when the drone 2 reaches the sky determined to be optimal for spraying, the operator operates the unit controller 10c to spray pollen P. At this time, the start timing and the end timing of pollen P spraying can be controlled by turning ON / OFF the operation switch 83 of the unit controller 10c, and the pollutant P spraying amount can be controlled by rotating the spraying amount variable unit 84. Can be variably controlled.

  Next, operation | movement (function) of the pollen distribution unit 10 in the artificial pollinator 1 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.7 and FIG.11.

  First, the discharge motor section 12 is rotated by turning on the operation switch 83 of the unit controller 10c. Thereby, the screw mechanism part 13 rotates, and the pollen P in the storage tank 52 is stirred by the stirring fins 55fm of the stirring part 55f, and the pollen P in the storage tank 52 is discharged by the rotation of the screw part 13s. It is discharged into the communication duct portion 61m located below through 3s. Since the discharge amount at this time changes corresponding to the rotation speed of the screw part 13s, the supply amount can be increased by controlling the rotation speed of the discharge motor part 12 to the fast side, and also controlled to the slow side. As a result, the supply amount can be reduced.

  On the other hand, during the flight of the drone 2, as shown in FIG. 11, the air blow indicated by the dotted arrow W is performed downward by the rotation of the propeller portions 28 p. The pair of wind inlets 61pi and 61qi are located. Thus, the air blow Wp... Passes through the air intake duct portions 61p and 61q and the communication duct portion 61m, and further enters the hose members 16p and 16q from the supply outlet 15e, and from the spray port portions Sp and Sq at the tip to the outside. Released into the atmosphere. In this case, since pollen P discharged from the discharge port 3s is mixed with the air blown Wp ... taken in the communication duct portion 61m, the pollen P is mixed in the air blow Wp ... and stirred. Is done. And the pollen P discharge | released from the sprinkling part Sp and Sq is spread | dispersed under the drone 2 by the external ventilation W from the propeller part 28p ....

  Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the dispersed pollen P is artificially pollinated by adhering to the petals Tff blooming upward in the fruit tree Tf from above. Thus, the artificial pollinator 1 which concerns on this embodiment is comprised as an artificial pollinator which spreads pollen P to the fruit tree Tf used as a pollination object by mechanical dispersion means, and performs artificial pollination as a basic structure. In particular, the drone 2 that is wirelessly controlled by the remote controller 2c to fly, the pollen container 3 that is mounted on the drone 2 and contains the pollen P, and the pollen P that is contained in the pollen container 3 are A pollen discharger 4 that sequentially discharges according to a predetermined discharge amount, and a pollen sprayer 5 that sprays the pollen P discharged from the pollen discharger 4 by at least a part of the air blow W from the drone 2 are configured. To do.

  Therefore, since this artificial pollination machine 1 is based on a method of pollination by spreading pollen P throughout, it is possible to greatly reduce the work time related to pollination and enjoy the basic effect of greatly reducing work labor. In addition, since drone 2 can be used to spray pollen P from above on fruit tree Tf to be pollinated, pollen P falls from above against petals that bloom upwardly toward the sun, Efficient and effective artificial pollination with reduced waste of pollen P can be performed, and thus the amount of pollen P used can be greatly reduced.

  Moreover, since the certainty of pollination can be improved dramatically, it is possible to secure a high fertilization rate and finally increase the yield of fruits. In addition, it can contribute to quality improvement (homogeneity improvement), and also eliminates the need for large-scale equipment and a robot that requires high precision, thereby contributing to a reduction in initial cost.

  The preferred embodiment has been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and the gist of the present invention is described in detail configuration, shape, material, quantity, numerical value, method, and the like. Any change, addition, or deletion can be made without departing from the scope.

  For example, although the case where the general purpose drone generally marketed as a drone 2 was used was shown, as above-mentioned, you may comprise as an exclusive drone for comprising the artificial pollinator 1 which concerns on this invention. Various drones can be used, and their sizes and forms are arbitrary. Moreover, while the pollen storage part 3, the pollen discharge part 4 and the pollen spraying part 5 were assembled as a pollen spraying unit 10 integrally and illustrated as being detachable from the drone 2, as described above, When the drone 2 is configured as a dedicated drone for the artificial pollinator 1, the pollen storage unit 3, the pollen discharge unit 4, and the pollen spraying unit 5 may be assembled integrally with the drone 2. On the other hand, an example of the configuration of the mounting portion 11 that can be attached to or detached from the leg portion 2f of the drone 2 has been described. The configuration of the mounting portion 11 includes various drones 2, particularly various leg portions 2f. It can be configured as various types of attachments corresponding to the form.

  The pollen discharge unit 4 includes a discharge motor unit 12 and a screw mechanism unit 13 that is rotated by the discharge motor unit 12 and has a screw unit 13s inserted into a cylindrical discharge port 3s provided in the lower part of the pollen storage unit 3. Although the example which is provided and configured is given, various types such as, for example, applying vibration from a small hole and shaking off the pollen P stored in the pollen storage unit 3 have a function capable of sequentially discharging according to a predetermined discharge amount. It can be implemented depending on the form. Further, a part of the air blow Wp from the drone 2 is taken into the pollen spraying part 5, and the pollen P discharged from the pollen discharge part 4 by the taken air blow Wp is guided to the predetermined spraying ports Sp and Sq. Although the example which provided the guide part 14 to give was given, the case where the pollen P from the pollen discharge part 4 is directly discharged | emitted in the ventilation W in the exterior is not excluded. On the other hand, the case where hose holding mechanisms 17p and 17q capable of changing the direction and / or position of the spout port Sp and Sq by holding the hose members 16p and 16q is provided in the pollen spraying unit 10 is described. Whether or not the hose holding mechanisms 17p and 17q are provided is arbitrary. For example, when the hose members 16p and 16q are formed of a rigid pipe material having rigidity, it is not always necessary to provide them.

  The artificial pollination machine according to the present invention can be used when artificial pollination is performed by spraying pollen on various fruit trees to be pollinated, such as apples, pears, peaches, grapes, and mandarin oranges.

  1: artificial pollinator, 2: drone, 2f: drone leg, 2c: remote controller, 3: pollen container, 3s: discharge port, 4: pollen discharge unit, 5: pollen spraying unit, 10: pollen spraying unit , 11: mounting portion, 12: discharge motor portion, 13: screw mechanism portion, 13s: screw portion, 14: guide portion, 15: duct portion, 15e: supply outlet, 16p: hose member, 16q: hose member, 17p: Hose holding mechanism, 17q: hose holding mechanism, Tf: fruit tree to be pollinated, P: pollen, W: air blow from drone, Wp: partial blow, Sp: spraying port, Sq: spraying port

Claims (7)

  Artificial pollination machine that performs artificial pollination by spraying pollen on fruit trees to be pollinated by mechanical spraying means, and a drone that is wirelessly controlled by a remote controller and mounted on this drone, and pollen The pollen storage unit, the pollen discharge unit that sequentially discharges the pollen stored in the pollen storage unit according to a predetermined discharge amount, and the pollen discharged from the pollen discharge unit by at least part of the air blown from the drone An artificial pollination machine comprising a pollen spraying unit for spraying.   The artificial pollinator according to claim 1, wherein the pollen storage unit, the pollen discharge unit, and the pollen distribution unit are integrally assembled as a pollen distribution unit and are detachable from the drone.   The artificial pollinator according to claim 2, wherein the pollen spraying unit includes an attaching part that can be attached to or detached from the leg part of the drone.   The pollen discharge section includes a discharge motor section and a screw mechanism section that is rotated by the discharge motor section and has a screw inserted into a cylindrical discharge port provided at a lower portion of the pollen storage section. The artificial pollinator according to 1.   The pollen spraying unit includes a guide unit that takes in a part of the blown air from the drone and guides the pollen discharged from the pollen discharging unit to the predetermined spraying port by the taken-in airflow. The artificial pollinator according to claim 1 or 4.   The guide portion guides the air blown from the drone, and the duct portion from which pollen is discharged from the pollen discharge portion, the one end opening facing the supply outlet of the duct portion, and the other end opening The artificial pollinator according to claim 5, further comprising a hose member configured as the spray port portion.   The artificial pollinator according to claim 6, wherein the pollen spraying unit includes a hose holding mechanism capable of changing a direction and / or a position of the spraying port by holding the hose member.

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