JP2018011380A - Superconducting rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a superconducting rotary machine capable of improving energy efficiency in simple configuration.SOLUTION: A superconducting rotary machine comprises: an inner diameter shaft 14-4 including a discharge connection hole 14-4e which penetrates a peripheral surface at a position of a discharge refrigerant area S and communicates with a discharge pipe 19, and a supply connection hole 14-4d which penetrates a peripheral surface at an anti-load side rather than the discharge connection hole 14-4e and communicates with a supply pipe 18; a fixed pipe 20 for refrigerant supply/discharge including a supply flow passage 21 which is a flow passage for supplying a refrigerant from a refrigerator to a superconducting rotary machine body 1 and with which a supply flow passage opening part 21a penetrating a peripheral surface of the fixed pipe 20 for refrigerant supply/discharge is formed at a position corresponding to the supply connection hole 14-4d in an axial direction of the fixed pipe 20 for refrigerant supply/discharge, and a discharge flow passage 22 which is a flow passage for discharging the refrigerant from the superconducting rotary machine body 1 to the refrigerator and with which a discharge flow passage opening part 22a penetrating a distal end face 20f is formed; and a slide bearing 23 that is provided at a position between the supply flow passage opening part 21a and the discharge flow passage opening part 22a in the axial direction of the fixed pipe 20 for refrigerant supply/discharge.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a superconducting rotating machine including a refrigerant supply / discharge device that cools a superconducting field coil with a refrigerant.

  In a superconducting rotating machine that is a rotating machine using a superconducting field coil, it is necessary to maintain the superconducting field coil at a low temperature below the superconducting critical temperature Tc in order to keep the superconducting state during driving. Here, as a method of cooling a superconducting field coil having a superconducting field coil in the rotor, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, a refrigerant is injected through a rotating shaft in the central portion of the rotor and superconducting is performed. A method for cooling a field coil is known.

  Patent Document 1 below includes a flow path in which a refrigerant reciprocates in a rotating shaft, and the introduction (supply) side is connected to the fixed side by a pipe seal and the discharge side is connected by a magnetic fluid seal. That is, Patent Document 1 below discloses a structure in which a rotating part and a fixed part of a rotary joint are sealed with a magnetic fluid seal in order to maintain a vacuum state in the space inside the rotating machine.

  In Patent Document 2 below, a refrigerant cooled by a refrigerator is introduced, and after the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the superconducting field coil of the rotor, the vaporized refrigerant is cooled again by the refrigerator and returned to a liquid. Thus, a technique for circulating the refrigerant is disclosed.

JP 2009-290988 A European Patent Application No. 0261635

  In Patent Document 1, since the sealing function of the magnetic fluid seal is lost at low temperatures, a heater for warming the refrigerant discharged from the inside of the rotating machine must be provided in the middle of the refrigerant discharge pipe. Extra energy is required to heat the refrigerant, which is inefficient.

  In Patent Document 2, a condensing step such as siphon is required to liquefy the refrigerant once vaporized, and there is a problem that the cooling device becomes complicated.

  Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a superconducting rotating machine that can improve energy efficiency with a simple configuration.

The superconducting rotating machine according to the first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
A shaft main body having one axial end connected to a load and the other axial end being hollow;
A casing through which the shaft body is rotatably inserted in an axial direction;
Inside the casing, a rotor fixed to a side surface of the shaft body, and having a rotor core and a plurality of first vacuum vessels attached to the rotor core;
Superconducting field coils respectively stored in the first vacuum vessels;
It is formed in a cylindrical shape having a bottom at one end and an opening at the other end, and is concentrically fastened inside the shaft body so that the opening faces the other axial end of the shaft body inside the casing, An inner diameter shaft that rotates with the shaft body;
A pipe for supplying and discharging a refrigerant for cooling the superconducting field coil to and from the superconducting rotating machine main body, extending in the axial direction of the shaft main body so as to penetrate the other axial end of the shaft main body, and the inner diameter shaft On the other hand, a refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe concentrically connected via a slide bearing from the other end side of the inner diameter shaft;
One end communicates with one end of a supply pipe to which the refrigerant is supplied from the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe via the inner diameter shaft, and the other end communicates with the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe via the inner diameter shaft. A heat exchange refrigerant pipe having a region in which heat exchange between the superconducting field coil and the refrigerant is performed by communicating with one end of a discharge pipe for discharging the refrigerant,
The inner diameter shaft is
A first connection of the inner diameter shaft that passes through a peripheral surface at a position of a space provided between the front end surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube and the bottom and communicates with the other end of the discharge tube or the supply tube. Holes,
The inner diameter shaft includes a second connection hole that penetrates the circumferential surface on the other axial end side of the inner diameter shaft from the first connection hole and communicates with the other end of the supply pipe or the discharge pipe.
The refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe is:
A flow path for supplying the refrigerant from the refrigerator to the superconducting rotator main body or discharging the refrigerant from the superconducting rotator main body to the refrigerator, and in the second connection hole in the axial direction of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe A first flow path in which a first flow path opening penetrating the peripheral surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe is formed at a corresponding position;
A flow path for discharging the refrigerant from the superconducting rotator body to the refrigerator or supplying the refrigerant from the refrigeration machine to the superconducting rotator body, and forming a second flow path opening that penetrates the tip surface. A second flow path,
The sliding bearing is
It is provided at a position between the supply channel opening and the discharge channel opening in the axial direction of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube.

A superconducting rotating machine according to the second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
In the superconducting rotating machine according to the first invention,
One end of a heat insulating tube that is extended and disposed on the outer peripheral side of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube through a gap is fixed to the other axial end of the inner diameter shaft.

A superconducting rotating machine according to a third invention for solving the above-described problem is
In the superconducting rotating machine according to the first or second invention,
The shaft main body is arranged so as to cover a protruding portion from the casing on the other axial end side, one end is an opening attached to the casing, and the other end is the refrigerant supply / discharge fixing pipe. A second vacuum vessel, which is a bottom portion in which a through-hole to be inserted is formed, is provided.

A superconducting rotating machine according to a fourth invention for solving the above-described problem is
In the superconducting rotating machine according to the third invention,
A fixed outer ring whose one end is fixed to the casing inside the second vacuum vessel, a rotating inner ring fixed to the peripheral surface of the projecting portion on the inner peripheral side of the fixed outer ring, and rotating together with the shaft body; A first magnetic fluid seal portion having a first magnetic fluid injected between the stationary outer ring and the rotating inner ring;
Inside the second vacuum vessel, one end is fixed to the end surface of the protruding portion and rotates together with the shaft body, and is fixed to the peripheral surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixing tube on the inner peripheral side of the rotation side outer ring. A fixed inner ring, and a second magnetic fluid seal portion having a second magnetic fluid injected between the rotating outer ring and the fixed inner ring,
The other end of the thermal insulating tube is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the protruding portion by expanding the diameter to the outer peripheral side.

A superconducting rotating machine according to a fifth invention for solving the above-described problem is
In the superconducting rotating machine according to the fourth invention,
Between the first magnetic fluid seal portion and the second magnetic fluid seal portion in the protruding portion, there is a through hole that penetrates the peripheral surface of the protruding portion and communicates with the internal space of the second vacuum vessel. Formed,
An internal space including the projecting portion of the shaft main body communicates with an internal space of the first vacuum vessel.

  According to the superconducting rotating machine according to the present invention, the energy efficiency can be improved with a simple configuration.

It is the schematic of the superconducting rotary machine which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is an expanded sectional arrow line view of the anti-load side of the superconducting rotating machine concerning the example of the present invention. It is an expanded sectional arrow view of the rotary connection part (rotary joint) of the internal-diameter shaft of the superconducting rotating machine main body in the Example of this invention, and the refrigerant | coolant supply / discharge fixed pipe of a refrigerant | coolant supply / discharge device. It is an expanded sectional perspective view of the rotary joint with the internal-diameter shaft of the superconducting rotating machine main body in the Example of this invention, and the refrigerant | coolant supply / discharge fixed pipe of a refrigerant | coolant supply / discharge device. It is the elements on larger scale around the front-end | tip part of the refrigerant | coolant supply / discharge fixed pipe in the Example of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the superconducting rotating machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings in the embodiments.

  The superconducting rotating machine according to the present embodiment has one axial end connected to a load and a refrigerant supply / discharge device at the other axial end. The refrigerant supply / discharge device is connected to the refrigerator. In the following, the side on which the load is provided (one axial end side) may be referred to as the “load side”, and the opposite side (the other axial end side) may be referred to as the “anti-load side”.

  The refrigerator has a function of cooling the fluid and sending it out as a refrigerant for cooling the superconducting field coil. The refrigerant supply / discharge device discharges the refrigerant returned from the superconducting rotator main body to the refrigeration machine, and a supply pipe which is a pipe for supplying the refrigerant sent from the refrigerator to the superconducting rotator main body. It has a discharge pipe which is a pipeline. Since the superconducting rotating machine according to the present embodiment has these configurations, the refrigerant can be circulated and the low temperature state of the superconducting field coil can be maintained.

  The superconducting rotating machine main body 1 will be described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram of the superconducting rotating machine according to this embodiment shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, the right side of the page is the load side and the left side of the page is the anti-load side. As shown in FIG. 1, the superconducting rotating machine main body 1 includes a casing 12, a shaft (shaft main body) 14, a rotor 15, and a stator 16, and the refrigerant supply / discharge device 2 is connected to the non-load side. .

  The casing 12 includes a substantially cylindrical frame 12A, a load-side bracket 12B attached to the load-side opening end surface of the frame 12A, and an anti-load-side bracket 12C attached to the anti-load-side opening end surface of the frame 12A. ing. The shaft 14 is inserted through the casing 12 in the axial direction, one end in the axial direction is connected to a load (not shown), and can be rotated to the load side bracket 12B and the anti-load side bracket 12C via rolling bearings 13A and 13B, respectively. Supported by The rotor 15 is fixed to the side surface of the shaft 14 inside the casing 12 and rotates together with the shaft 14. The stator 16 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface side of the frame 12A via the rotor 15 and a gap.

  The rotor 15 has a configuration in which a plurality of vacuum containers (first vacuum containers) 15-2 are attached to the rotor core 15-1. A superconducting field coil 15-3 is housed in each of the plurality of vacuum vessels 15-2, and a flow of a coolant for cooling the superconducting field coil 15-3 flows through the superconducting field coil 15-3. The heat exchange refrigerant pipe 17 is in contact with the road. One end of the heat exchange refrigerant pipe 17 communicates with one end of a supply pipe, which will be described later, and the other end communicates with one end of a discharge pipe, which will be described later. A region in which heat exchange between the superconducting field coil 15-3 and the refrigerant is performed. Have.

  Furthermore, the shaft 14 includes a superconducting rotating machine side shaft 14-1, a relay shaft 14-2, and a refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3, which are fixed to each other in order from the load side.

  The superconducting rotating machine side shaft 14-1 is rotatably supported by the load side bracket 12B via the rolling bearing 13A, the axial load side end is connected to an external load, and the rotor 15 is fixed. . The relay shaft 14-2 is formed in a hollow disk shape and is fastened to an end portion on the axially opposite load side of the superconducting rotating machine side shaft 14-1.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional arrow view of the superconducting rotating machine according to this embodiment on the non-load side. As shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 is a hollow member including a large-diameter disk portion 14-3a on the load side and a small-diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b on the anti-load side.

  The large-diameter disk portion 14-3a has a hollow disk shape disposed inside the casing 12, and the small-diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b has a hollow cylindrical shape with a smaller diameter than the large-diameter disk portion 14-3a. The inner space communicates with the disk portion 14-3a and the small diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b. The small-diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b protrudes outside the casing 12 so as to penetrate the anti-load side bracket 12C, and the flange portion 14- 3c is formed.

  A refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe 20 is inserted in the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 in the axial direction via an inner diameter shaft 14-4.

  The inner diameter shaft 14-4 is arranged inside the large-diameter disk portion 14-3a, and in order from the anti-load side, the inner-diameter cylindrical portion 14-4a and the large-inner-diameter cylindrical portion 14-4a (thickness is on the inner peripheral side). A bottomed cylindrical body having a small inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4b having a small inner diameter and a bottom portion 14-4c formed at an end of the small inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4b. (That is, a cylindrical shape having a bottom at one end and an opening at the other end (facing the opposite end of the shaft 14)). The bottom portion 14-4c is concentrically fastened to the relay shaft 14-2 (not shown), and the inner diameter shaft 14-4 is a rotating member that rotates with the relay shaft 14-2 (that is, with the shaft 14).

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant supply / discharge device 2 includes a refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 that supplies and discharges the refrigerant for cooling the superconducting field coil 15-3 to the superconducting rotating machine body 1. And a bottom portion 25a in which a through hole through which the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 is inserted is formed, and a protruding portion from the casing 12 on the side opposite to the load of the shaft 14 (that is, as described above, a small diameter cylindrical portion) A vacuum bracket (second vacuum container) 25 is mainly provided as a container that covers a portion 14-3b that protrudes from the anti-load side bracket 12C to the anti-load side.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional arrow view of a rotary connection portion (rotary joint) between the inner diameter shaft 14-4 of the superconducting rotating machine body 1 and the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 of the refrigerant supply / discharge device 2. One end of a heat insulating tube 24 made of a member having low thermal conductivity is fitted (for example, by welding) to the inner peripheral surface of the end portion on the side opposite to the load of the large inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4a of the inner diameter shaft 14-4. ing. The heat insulating tube 24 extends in the axial direction from the large inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4a to the counter load side end portion 14-3bb of the small diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b of the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the anti-load side end portion 24-1 of the heat insulating tube 24 is located in the vacuum bracket 25 provided in the refrigerant supply / discharge device 2 (because the wall thickness is increased on the outer peripheral side). ) The outer diameter is expanding. The outer peripheral surface of the anti-load side end portion 24-1 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the anti-load side end portion 14-3bb of the small inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b.

  By the fitting portion between the outer peripheral surface of the anti-load side end portion 24-1 of the heat insulating tube 24 and the inner peripheral surface of the anti-load side end portion 14-3bb of the small inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b, On the outer peripheral surface of the non-load side end, vacuum heat insulation regions B1, B2, and B3 that are evacuated for heat insulation, and supply that is a space into which refrigerant supplied from a refrigerator (not shown) flows. The refrigerant regions A1, A2, and A3 are isolated. Note that an O-ring 24 a is provided at the fitting portion of the non-load side end portion 24-1 of the heat insulating tube 24.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a superconducting field (except for a cover 20e described later) is provided between the load-side tip surface 20f of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 and the bottom portion 14-4c of the inner diameter shaft 14-4. A discharged refrigerant region S, which is a disk-shaped space into which refrigerant discharged after cooling the magnetic coil 15-3 flows, is provided. Further, a substantially annular shape into which the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerator flows is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the large inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4a of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 and the peripheral surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20. A supply refrigerant region A2 is provided.

  A supply connection hole 14-4 d that penetrates the peripheral surface of the large inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4 a in the radial direction and communicates with the other end of the supply pipe 18 is formed. In addition, a discharge connection hole 14-4e is formed which penetrates the circumferential surface at the position of the discharge refrigerant region S of the small inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4b in the radial direction and communicates with the other end of the discharge pipe 19. The supply connection hole 14-4d is located on the side opposite to the load than the discharge connection hole 14-4e.

  The refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 extends in the axial direction of the shaft 14 so as to pass through the counter-load side end 14-3bb of the small-inner-diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b. This is a pipe line of a fixed member that is concentrically connected via a slide bearing (oilless bearing) 23 from the side. The refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 includes a cylindrical outermost cylindrical portion 20b provided on the inner peripheral side of the heat insulating tube 24 with an optional gap, and an inner peripheral side of the outermost cylindrical portion 20b. And a supply flow path 21 and a discharge flow path 22 that extend in the axial direction of the shaft 14 and supply and discharge the refrigerant.

  The periphery of the load side end (tip portion 20a) of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 is inserted into the inner diameter shaft 14-4, and the end opposite to the load is connected to the refrigerator. Supply and discharge of the refrigerant to and from the superconducting rotating machine main body 1 are performed through the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe 20. The outermost cylindrical portion 20b is not formed up to the tip 20a. That is, the load side end surface of the outermost cylindrical portion 20b is located on the side opposite to the load side from the supply connection hole 14-4d. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the end portion on the side opposite to the load of the outermost cylindrical portion 20b is located in the vacuum bracket 25, and the outer diameter is increased (by increasing the wall thickness) (expanded diameter). Part 20b-1).

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional perspective view of a rotary joint of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 and the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe 20 (however, the space of the supply refrigerant region A1 is omitted in FIG. 4). The supply flow path 21 is a flow path for supplying the refrigerant from the refrigerator to the superconducting rotating machine body 1, and is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the outermost cylindrical portion 20b as shown in FIGS. It is formed by a cylindrical supply flow path cylindrical portion 21b having a smaller diameter than the cylindrical portion 20b.

  The discharge flow path 22 is a flow path for discharging the refrigerant from the superconducting rotating machine main body 1 to the refrigerator, and is arranged non-concentrically with the supply flow path 21 on the inner peripheral side of the outermost cylindrical portion 20b, like the supply flow path 21. It is formed by a cylindrical discharge channel cylindrical portion 22b having a smaller diameter than the outermost cylindrical portion 20b. In addition, since the supply flow path 21 and the discharge flow path 22 are mutually independent structures, it is also possible to insert a heat insulating material in a mutual space | gap.

  FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the periphery of the distal end portion 20 a of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20. 3-5, the front-end | tip part 20a (load side rather than supply connection hole 14-4d) of the fixed pipe 20 for refrigerant | coolant supply / discharge is smaller diameter than the outermost cylindrical part 20b, and this front-end | tip part 20a A sliding bearing 23 that separates the supplied refrigerant region A2 and the discharged refrigerant region S is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the small inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4b of the inner diameter shaft 14-4. 3 shows a state in which a cover 20e is attached to the load-side distal end surface 20f of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20, this cover 20e is omitted in FIG.

  The supply channel 21 has a load-side tip at a position corresponding to the opening of the supply connection hole 14-4d in the axial direction (that is, on the load side of the load-side end surface of the outermost cylindrical portion 20b). The tip portion is provided with a supply flow passage opening 21a that opens the circumferential surface in the radial direction. Further, the discharge flow path 22 is formed to extend so as to penetrate the solid tip portion 20a, and at the tip thereof, discharge that penetrates the load side end face of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 in the axial direction. A flow path opening 22a is formed. That is, the supply flow path opening 21a is located on the side opposite to the load than the discharge flow path opening 22a.

  A cover opening 20e-1 penetrating the cover 20e in the axial direction is formed at a position corresponding to the discharge flow path opening 22a of the cover 20e.

  In other words, the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 is provided with a solid portion 20d inside the outermost cylindrical portion 20b via the hollow portion 20c and non-concentrically with the outermost cylindrical portion 20b. The actual part 20d is provided with a supply flow path cylindrical part 21b (supply flow path 21) and a discharge flow path cylindrical part 22b (discharge flow path 22) that are non-concentric with each other, and is on the load side of the outermost cylindrical part 20b. At the end, the solid portion 20d is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the outermost cylindrical portion 20b, and the portion from which the solid portion 20d extends further to the load side is the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20. It becomes the front-end | tip part 20a.

  Further, the supply flow path 21 and the discharge flow path 22 are formed concentrically, and a tip end portion 20a having a smaller diameter than the outermost cylindrical portion 20b is formed at the load side end portion of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20. The load channel end of the supply channel 21 is located at the base of the tip 20a, and a supply channel opening 21a that opens in the radial direction is formed here. Further, a discharge flow path 22 is formed in the tip end portion 20a non-concentrically with the supply flow path 21, and a discharge flow channel opening 22a is formed in the end face of the tip end portion 20a. It has become.

  Thus, in the rotary joint of the present embodiment, the supply flow passage opening 21a on the refrigerant supply side and the discharge flow passage opening 22a on the refrigerant discharge side are provided at different positions in the axial direction and the radial direction. Yes.

  The sliding bearing 23 is a partition ring that is made of a resin such as tetrafluoroethylene resin and separates the supply refrigerant region A2 and the exhaust refrigerant region S. Further, the slide bearing 23 is provided at a position between the supply flow path opening 14-4d and the discharge flow path opening 14-4e in the axial direction of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20.

  The outer peripheral surface of the tip portion 20a is fitted to the inner peripheral side of the slide bearing 23, and the inner peripheral surface of the small inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4b of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 is slip-connected to the outer peripheral side of the slide bearing 23. The bearing supply refrigerant | coolant area | region A2 and the discharge | emission refrigerant | coolant area | region S are divided in the rotary joint of a stationary side and a rotation side.

  The supply pipe 18 is a pipe line through which the refrigerant is supplied from the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe 20 via the inner diameter shaft 14-4. In addition, the superconducting field coil 15-3 in the vacuum vessel 15-2 is disposed adjacent to the supply pipe 18 from the supply connection hole 14-4d that is slidably connected to the supply flow path opening 21a via the supply refrigerant region A2. The heat exchange refrigerant pipe 17 is communicated with one end (inlet).

  The discharge pipe 19 is a pipe that discharges the refrigerant to the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe 20 via the inner diameter shaft 14-4. Further, the discharge pipe 19 is disposed adjacent to the superconducting field coil 15-3 in the vacuum vessel 15-2 through a discharge connection hole 14-4e slidingly connected to the discharge flow passage opening 22a through the discharge refrigerant region S. The other end (exit) of the heat exchange refrigerant pipe 17 is communicated.

  The supply pipe 18 and the discharge pipe 19 are stored in the internal space (vacuum heat insulation region B3) of the large-diameter disk portion 14-3a of the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3.

  The protruding portion (the portion protruding from the anti-load side bracket 12C of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b to the anti-load side) penetrates the peripheral surface of the protruding portion in the radial direction and communicates with the internal space of the vacuum bracket 25. A plurality of through holes 14-3ba (two facing each other with the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe 20 interposed therebetween in FIG. 2) are formed.

  Further, the small diameter cylindrical portion 14-3 b of the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 is covered with a vacuum bracket 25. And the flange part 14-3c formed in the anti-load side edge part (namely, edge part of a protrusion part) of the small diameter cylindrical part 14-3b of the refrigerant | coolant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 is a substantially annular shape. .

  The number of supply pipes 18, supply connection holes 14-4d, discharge pipes 19, and discharge connection holes 14-4e is equal to the number of superconducting field coils 15-3, respectively.

  The rotation side members (the shaft 14, the rotor 15, the heat exchange refrigerant pipe 17, the supply pipe 18, the discharge pipe 19, the heat insulating pipe 24, etc.) of the superconducting rotating machine body 1 are positioned in the radial direction by the rolling bearings 13A and 13B. Then, it is positioned in the axial direction by the load side bracket 12B and the anti-load side bracket 12C.

  The vacuum bracket 25 is a bottomed bracket (container) whose one end (load side) is an opening attached to the anti-load side bracket 12C and whose other end (non-load side) is the bottom 25a. A flange portion 25b is provided in the opening, and the vacuum bracket 25 is attached to the anti-load side of the superconducting rotating machine body 1 by a fastener (bolt) 25e that passes through a through hole provided on the same circumference with respect to the flange portion 25b. It is fixed to the outside of the bracket 12C. Furthermore, a through hole 25c serving as a connection portion with a vacuum pump (not shown) for vacuuming is provided in an arbitrary portion of the outer peripheral surface of the vacuum bracket 25.

  The bottom 25a is formed with a through hole 25aa through which the refrigerant supply / discharge fixing tube 20 is inserted. Further, a bracket cover 26 is fastened to the bottom portion 25a by a fastener (bolt) 25ab. The bracket cover 26 is a disc-shaped cover, and includes a through hole 26a through which the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 is inserted.

  In the vacuum bracket 25, magnetic fluid seal portions 27A and 27B are arranged on the outer periphery of the small diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b of the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 in order from the axial load side. More specifically, the magnetic fluid seal portions 27A and 27B are disposed across the position where the through hole 14-3ba is formed in the axial direction.

  The magnetic fluid seal portion 27A includes a fixed side outer ring 27A-1, a rotation side inner ring 27A-2, and a magnetic fluid 27A-3 injected between the fixed side outer ring 27A-1 and the rotation side inner ring 27A-2. This is a three-layered cylinder.

  An annular flange portion 27A-1a is formed at the load side end portion of the stationary outer ring 27A-1 of the magnetic fluid seal portion 27A. The flange portions 27A-1a are fixed to the anti-load side bracket 12C by fasteners (bolts) 27A-1b that are provided radially and penetrate the flange portions 27A-1a in the axial direction. The contact surface 12C-1 of the anti-load side bracket 12C with the magnetic fluid seal portion 27A has a concave structure that does not contact at least the rotation side inner ring 27A-2 and the magnetic fluid 27A-3.

  In addition, the rotation-side inner ring 27A-2 of the magnetic fluid seal portion 27A has an inner peripheral surface on the inner peripheral side of the fixed-side outer ring 27A-1, with the protruding portion (small-diameter cylindrical portion 14 being exposed via the O-ring 27A-2a). -3b is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the anti-load side bracket 12C protruding from the anti-load side.

  Thereby, the magnetic fluid seal portion 27A becomes a fixing member in which the fixed outer ring 27A-1 is fastened to the anti-load side bracket 12C, and the rotating inner ring 27A-2 is coupled with the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 (the shaft 14). The magnetic fluid 27A-3 becomes a boundary between the fixed side and the rotating side.

  The magnetic fluid seal portion 27B includes a rotating outer ring 27B-1, a fixed inner ring 27B-2, and a magnetic fluid 27B-3 injected between the rotating outer ring 27B-1 and the fixed inner ring 27B-2. This is a three-layered cylinder.

  An annular flange portion 27B-1a is provided at the load side end portion of the rotation side outer ring 27B-1 of the magnetic fluid seal portion 27B. The flange portion 27B-1a is provided on the end surface of the flange portion 14-3c formed in the small diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b by a fastener (bolt) 27B-1b that is provided radially and penetrates the flange portion 27B-1a in the axial direction. It is fixed. The contact surface 14-3ca of the flange portion 14-3c of the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 with the magnetic fluid seal portion 27B is a recess that does not contact at least the fixed side inner ring 27B-2 and the magnetic fluid 27B-3. It has a structure.

  Further, the fixed inner ring 27B-2 of the magnetic fluid seal portion 27B has an inner peripheral surface on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating outer ring 27B-1, whose inner peripheral surface is enlarged in diameter at the outermost cylindrical portion 20b via the O-ring 27B-2a. It is being fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the part 20b-1.

  Thereby, the magnetic fluid seal portion 27B becomes a rotating member in which the rotating side outer ring 27B-1 rotates together with the shaft 14, and the fixed side inner ring 27B-2 becomes a fixing member fixed to the refrigerant supply / discharge fixing pipe 20, 27B-3 is the boundary between the fixed side and the rotating side.

  Here, the outermost shell cylindrical portion 20b of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 on the fixed side and the heat insulating tube 24 on the rotation side arranged to extend to the outer peripheral side of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 The gap at the boundary becomes the supply refrigerant region A1, and the space surrounded by the inner diameter shaft 14-4, the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 and the heat insulating tube 24 becomes the supply refrigerant region A2, and the flange portion 14-3c The space in the concave portion of the contact surface 14-3ca becomes the supply refrigerant region A3. In addition, supply refrigerant | coolant area | region A1, A2, A3 is connected.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, the sealing function of the magnetic fluid seal is lost at low temperatures. In the superconducting rotating machine according to the present embodiment, the supply refrigerant region A1 is narrow, so the pressure loss is high, and the amount of refrigerant flowing from the supply refrigerant region A2 into the supply refrigerant region A1 is small. In the supply refrigerant region A1, a temperature gradient is generated in the axial direction (due to a separation distance from the end on the inner diameter shaft 14-4 side to the end on the flange portion 14-3c side), and the refrigerant that has reached the supply refrigerant region A3 is Since the temperature has already risen or vaporized, the sealing function of the magnetic fluid 27B-3 is not lost. In the magnetic fluid 27A-3, since the heat insulating tube 24 and the vacuum heat insulating region B2 are provided between the supply refrigerant region A1 and the sealing function is not lost.

  Further, the through hole 25c communicates with a vacuum pump (not shown) through a vacuum pipe (not shown), so that the inside of the vacuum bracket 25 becomes a vacuum heat insulating region B1, and the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft is passed through the through hole 14-3ba. The space between the inner peripheral surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b of 14-3 and the outer peripheral surface of the heat insulating tube 24 becomes the vacuum heat insulating region B2, and further, by communication with the vacuum heat insulating region B2, the refrigerant supply / discharge device side A space between the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter disk portion 14-3a of the shaft 14-3 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 becomes a vacuum heat insulating region B3. And the inside of the vacuum vessel 15-2 communicating with the vacuum heat insulation region B3 becomes the vacuum heat insulation region B4. The outside air C at the load side end (around the rolling bearing 13B) of the magnetic fluid seal portion 27A and the vacuum heat insulation region B1 at the non-load side end are sealed with the magnetic fluid 27A-3.

  The superconducting field coil 15-3 and the refrigerant are insulated from the outside air C by the vacuum heat insulation regions B1 to B4.

The operation of the superconducting rotating machine main body 1 in this embodiment is as shown in the following order (1) to (4).
(1) A stator coil provided in the stator 16 generates a rotating magnetic field by a three-phase AC power source (not shown).
(2) The superconducting field coil 15-3 receives a field current supplied from a field power source through a current collector to form a field pole (not shown), and the rotor 15 is driven by the rotating magnetic field of the stator coil. Rotate.
(3) With the rotation of the rotor 15, the rotational force is transmitted to the superconducting rotating machine side shaft 14-1, and the relay shaft 14-2 and the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 also rotate.
(4) Since the other end surface of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 is fastened to the relay shaft 14-2, together with the superconducting rotating machine side shaft 14-1, the relay shaft 14-2, and the refrigerant supply / discharge device side shaft 14-3 Rotate.

Further, the refrigerant circulation operation in the present embodiment is performed in the order shown in the following (1) to (5).
(1) The refrigerant sent out by the pump from an external refrigerator passes through the supply flow path 21 and flows into the supply refrigerant region A2 from the supply flow path opening 21a at the rotary joint.
(2) The refrigerant in the supply refrigerant region A2 flows into the supply pipe 18 from the supply connection hole 14-4d (in this case, slightly flows into the supply refrigerant region A1).
(3) The refrigerant that has flowed into the supply pipe 18 flows into the heat exchange refrigerant pipe 17 and flows through the heat exchange refrigerant pipe 17 (while flowing around the superconducting field coil 15-3), while superconducting field magnets. Superconducting field coil 15-3 is cooled by exchanging heat with coil 15-3.
(4) The refrigerant after heat exchange with the superconducting field coil 15-3 flows from the heat exchange refrigerant pipe 17 into the exhaust pipe 19, and enters the exhaust refrigerant area S through the exhaust connection hole 14-4e.
(5) The refrigerant in the discharged refrigerant region S flows into the discharge flow path 22 from the cover opening 20e-1 and the discharge flow path opening 22a, flows through the discharge flow path 22, and returns to the refrigerator.

  In the present embodiment, when the refrigerant circulates, the magnetic fluid seal portions 27A and 27B are not in contact with each other because the vacuum is separated, and a heater as in Patent Document 1 is not necessary. Further, the supply refrigerant contacts the inner peripheral surface of the heat insulating tube 24 in the supply refrigerant region A1, but the heat insulating tube 24 has a heat insulating vacuum region B2 on the outer peripheral surface side, and these configurations are separated from the outside air C. It functions as a thermal barrier that thermally insulates heat intrusion. Similarly, the outer peripheral surface of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 is also an adiabatic vacuum region B1, and functions as a thermal barrier that thermally insulates heat intrusion from the outside air C.

  In the above description, the inner diameter shaft 14-4 penetrates the peripheral surface of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 at the position of the space provided between the front end surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 and the bottom portion 14-4c, A discharge connection hole (first connection hole) 14-4e communicating with the other end of the discharge pipe 19, and the other end side in the axial direction of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 than the first connection hole 14-4e And a supply connection hole (second connection hole) 14-4d that communicates with the other end of the supply pipe 18, and the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe 20 rotates the refrigerant from the refrigerator in a superconducting manner. It is a flow path for supplying to the machine main body 1, and the circumferential surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 is located at a position corresponding to the supply connection hole (second connection hole) 14-4 d in the axial direction of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20. A supply flow path opening (first flow path opening) 21a penetrating through A flow path (first flow path) 21 and a flow path for discharging the refrigerant from the superconducting rotating machine main body 1 to the refrigerator, and a discharge flow path opening (second flow path) penetrating the front end surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 In this embodiment, the flow of the refrigerant is not limited to this, and the flow of the refrigerant is not limited to this. The flow may be reversed.

  That is, the inner diameter shaft 14-4 penetrates the peripheral surface of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 at the position of the space provided between the front end surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube 20 and the bottom portion 14-4c, and the supply tube 18-4. The first connecting hole 14-4e communicating with the other end of the inner diameter of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 passes through the peripheral surface on the other end side in the axial direction of the inner diameter shaft 14-4 rather than the first connecting hole 14-4e. The second connection hole 14-4d communicating with the other end of the pipe 19 is provided, and the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe 20 is a flow path for discharging the refrigerant from the superconducting rotating machine body 1 to the refrigerator. A first flow path opening portion 21 a penetrating the peripheral surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixing tube 20 is formed at a position corresponding to the second connection hole 14-4 d in the axial direction of the discharge fixing tube 20. A passage 21 and a passage for supplying refrigerant from the refrigerator to the superconducting rotating machine body 1. , Second channel opening 22a penetrating the front end surface of the coolant supply and discharge fixing tube 20 is formed, may alternatively and a second flow path 22.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the refrigerant is thermally insulated from the outside air C by the heat insulating tube 24, the vacuum heat insulating regions B1, B2, and the like. It is possible to circulate in the apparatus without causing phase transition, and there are no parts that are vulnerable to low temperatures such as magnetic fluid in the vicinity of the refrigerant flow path, making temperature management easy. Become.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the refrigerant circulation path of the rotation-side member of the superconducting rotating machine is thermally insulated from the outside air, so that it is possible to cool the superconducting field coil with a liquid-phase refrigerant. Superconductivity that improves energy efficiency with a simple structure because the refrigerant circulation path is thermally isolated from the magnetic fluid that is vulnerable to low temperatures, eliminating the need for temperature management to evaporate the refrigerant using a heater as in the past. The object is to provide a rotating machine.

  The present invention is suitable as a superconducting rotating machine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Superconducting rotary machine body 2 Refrigerant supply / discharge device 12 Casing 12A Frame 12B, 12C Bracket 12C-1 Contact surface 13A, 13B (of bracket 12C) Rolling bearing 14 Shaft (shaft body)
14-1 Superconducting Rotator Side Shaft 14-2 Relay Shaft 14-3 Refrigerant Supply / Discharge Device Side Shaft 14-3a Large Diameter Disc Part 14-3b Small Diameter Cylindrical Part 14-3ba Through Hole 14 (Small Diameter Cylindrical Part 14-3b) -3bb Anti-load side end portion 14-3c (of small diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b) Flange portion 14-3ca (of small diameter cylindrical portion 14-3b) Contact surface 14-4 (of flange portion 14-3c) Inner diameter shaft 14- 4a Large inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4b Small inner diameter cylindrical portion 14-4c Bottom portion 14-4d (inside diameter shaft 14-4) Supply connection hole 14-4e Discharge connection hole 15 Rotor 15-1 Rotor core 15-2 Vacuum container (first Vacuum vessel)
15-3 Superconducting Field Coil 16 Stator 17 Heat Exchange Refrigerant Pipe 18 Supply Pipe 19 Discharge Pipe 20 Refrigerant Supply / Discharge Fixed Pipe 20a Tip 20b Outermost Shell Cylindrical Part 20b-1 Expanded Part 20c Hollow Part 20d Solid Part 20e Cover 20e-1 Cover opening 20f End face 21 Supply flow path 21a Supply flow path opening 21b Supply flow path cylindrical part 22 Discharge flow path 22a Discharge flow path opening 22b Discharge flow path cylindrical part 23 Sliding bearing (partition ring)
24 Thermal insulation tube 24-1 Anti-load side end 24a (of thermal insulation tube 24) O-ring 25 (Anti-load side end 24-1) O-ring 25 Vacuum bracket (second vacuum vessel)
25a (vacuum bracket 25) bottom 25aa (vacuum bracket 25) through hole 25ab (through hole 25aa) fastener 25b (vacuum bracket 25) flange 25c (bottom 25a) through hole 25e (flange 25b) Fastener 26 Bracket cover 26a Through hole 27A (of bracket cover 26) (First) Magnetic fluid seal portion 27A-1 Fixed side outer ring 27A-1a (Fixed side outer ring 27A-1) Flange portion 27A-1b (Fixed side outer ring) 27A-1) Fastener 27A-2 Rotation side inner ring 27A-2a (Rotation side inner ring 27A-2) O-ring 27A-3 (First) Magnetic fluid 27B (Second) Magnetic fluid seal part 27B-1 Rotation side Outer ring 27B-1a Flange portion 27B-1b (of rotation side outer ring 27B-1) Fastener 27B-2 (of rotation side outer ring 27B-1) Jogawa inner ring 27B-2a (the fixed side inner ring 27B-2) O-ring 27B-3 (second) magnetic fluid A1, A2, A3 supplied refrigerant region B1, B2, B3, B4 vacuum insulation region C outside air S discharged refrigerant region

Claims (5)

A shaft main body having one axial end connected to a load and the other axial end being hollow;
A casing through which the shaft body is rotatably inserted in an axial direction;
Inside the casing, a rotor fixed to a side surface of the shaft body, and having a rotor core and a plurality of first vacuum vessels attached to the rotor core;
Superconducting field coils respectively stored in the first vacuum vessels;
It is formed in a cylindrical shape having a bottom at one end and an opening at the other end, and is concentrically fastened inside the shaft body so that the opening faces the other axial end of the shaft body inside the casing, An inner diameter shaft that rotates with the shaft body;
A pipe for supplying and discharging a refrigerant for cooling the superconducting field coil to and from the superconducting rotating machine main body, extending in the axial direction of the shaft main body so as to penetrate the other axial end of the shaft main body, and the inner diameter shaft On the other hand, a refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe concentrically connected via a slide bearing from the other end side of the inner diameter shaft;
One end communicates with one end of a supply pipe to which the refrigerant is supplied from the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe via the inner diameter shaft, and the other end communicates with the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe via the inner diameter shaft. A heat exchange refrigerant pipe having a region in which heat exchange between the superconducting field coil and the refrigerant is performed by communicating with one end of a discharge pipe for discharging the refrigerant,
The inner diameter shaft is
A first connection of the inner diameter shaft that passes through a peripheral surface at a position of a space provided between the front end surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed tube and the bottom and communicates with the other end of the discharge tube or the supply tube. Holes,
The inner diameter shaft includes a second connection hole that penetrates the circumferential surface on the other axial end side of the inner diameter shaft from the first connection hole and communicates with the other end of the supply pipe or the discharge pipe.
The refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe is:
A flow path for supplying the refrigerant from the refrigerator to the superconducting rotator main body or discharging the refrigerant from the superconducting rotator main body to the refrigerator, and in the second connection hole in the axial direction of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe A first flow path in which a first flow path opening penetrating the peripheral surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe is formed at a corresponding position;
A flow path for discharging the refrigerant from the superconducting rotator body to the refrigerator or supplying the refrigerant from the refrigeration machine to the superconducting rotator body, and forming a second flow path opening that penetrates the tip surface. A second flow path,
The sliding bearing is
A superconducting rotating machine provided at a position between the supply flow path opening and the discharge flow path opening in the axial direction of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixed pipe. The one end of the heat insulation pipe | tube extended and arrange | positioned through the clearance gap to the outer peripheral side of the said refrigerant | coolant supply / discharge fixed pipe is being fixed to the axial direction other end of the said internal diameter shaft. The superconducting rotating machine according to 1. The shaft main body is arranged so as to cover a protruding portion from the casing on the other axial end side, one end is an opening attached to the casing, and the other end is the refrigerant supply / discharge fixing pipe. The superconducting rotating machine according to claim 1, further comprising a second vacuum vessel, which is a bottom portion in which a through-hole to be inserted is formed. A fixed outer ring whose one end is fixed to the casing inside the second vacuum vessel, a rotating inner ring fixed to the peripheral surface of the projecting portion on the inner peripheral side of the fixed outer ring, and rotating together with the shaft body; A first magnetic fluid seal portion having a first magnetic fluid injected between the stationary outer ring and the rotating inner ring;
Inside the second vacuum vessel, one end is fixed to the end surface of the protruding portion and rotates together with the shaft body, and is fixed to the peripheral surface of the refrigerant supply / discharge fixing tube on the inner peripheral side of the rotation side outer ring. A fixed inner ring, and a second magnetic fluid seal portion having a second magnetic fluid injected between the rotating outer ring and the fixed inner ring,
The superconducting rotating machine according to claim 3, wherein the other end of the thermal insulation tube is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the protruding portion by expanding the diameter to the outer peripheral side. Between the first magnetic fluid seal portion and the second magnetic fluid seal portion in the protruding portion, there is a through hole that penetrates the peripheral surface of the protruding portion and communicates with the internal space of the second vacuum vessel. Formed,
The superconducting rotating machine according to claim 4, wherein an internal space including the protruding portion of the shaft body communicates with an internal space of the first vacuum vessel.

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