JP2018084022A - Basic structure of a house - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a foundation structure that, while a bore hole for injecting drug solution for termite prevention is formed on an earthen floor, enables the injected drug solution to expand in a horizontal direction along an earthen floor concrete layer.SOLUTION: A foundation structure 100 for a dwelling house comprises: a foundation 10 of the dwelling house; a ground layer 11 provided along the foundation 10; a high hardness layer 12 stacked on the ground layer 11; a drug solution diffusion layer 13 stacked on the high hardness layer 12, the drug solution diffusion layer making drug solution for termite prevention flow and diffuse in horizontal directions; and an earthen floor concrete layer 14 stacked on the drug solution diffusion layer 13. The high hardness layer 12's material is material having hardness higher than that of material constituting the drug solution diffusion layer 13.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a basic structure of a house.

  FIG. 6 shows a foundation structure 500 between the front doors of a house. The interstices such as the entrance soil are located at the same height as the ground, so termites can easily enter. On the outer edge of the soil, a floor ridge 120 is arranged. Since this cocoon 120 is made of wood, it is susceptible to termite damage. Therefore, when a new house is built, a chemical for ant protection is sprayed in the soil between the soils, and then a finished portion between the soils is constructed. The effect of the sprayed drug is lost over time. Therefore, after a certain period of time has elapsed since the new construction, a work for spraying the ant-preventive chemical again on the soil between the soils is carried out.

  The interstices are configured by, for example, laminating concrete layers 114, mortar layers 115, and tiles 117 in order. In the above-described construction, a drill is used to perforate 123 in the vertical direction from the joints of the tiles 117 to the soil concrete layer 114 and the mortar layer 115. The perforations 123 reach the ground layer 111, and an anti-ant chemical is injected into the ground layer 111 through the perforations 123. Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a building suitable for such construction.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-94713

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the injected chemical solution penetrates the ground layer 111 and spreads in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. In FIG. 6A, the density of the ground layer 111 is substantially uniform. The chemical solution spreads the ground layer 111 into a spherical shape. The maximum horizontal length of the range 501 in which the chemical solution spreads is, for example, about 40 cm. In FIG. 6 (b), the density of the ground layer 111 is uneven. The density of the ground layer 111 is small in the portion close to the foundation 110. Such density density may be caused by, for example, a bias in the work of applying pressure to the ground layer 111, and it is difficult to apply pressure near the foundation 110. The chemical solution is likely to spread in places where the density of the ground layer 111 is small. Therefore, the range 502 where the chemical solution spreads is formed obliquely from the perforation 123 toward the foundation 110.

  In order to ensure ant protection in construction after a predetermined period of time, it is desirable that the chemical solution is diffused in the ground layer 111 particularly in the entire horizontal direction. Although there is a limit to the range in which the chemical injected from one perforation 123 spreads the ground layer 111, for example, it is necessary to form a plurality of perforations 123 in the soil concrete layer 114 and the mortar layer 115 at a pitch of 30 centimeters. . However, it is not realistic to form a plurality of perforations 123 in the joints of the tile 117 because the appearance of the soil is impaired. Therefore, it is desired that the chemical solution is sufficiently diffused into the ground layer 111 without damaging the appearance of the soil.

  In the building disclosed in Patent Document 1, a water-permeable sheet and a water-repellent sheet that diffuse chemicals are disposed in the soil between the soils. The chemical solution injected through the perforations between the soils spreads in the horizontal direction while penetrating the water-permeable sheet. Thereby, a chemical | medical solution can be spread | diffused in a wide range, reducing the number of perforations for inject | pouring a chemical | medical solution as much as possible.

  However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, when a drill hole is formed between soils, the drill may penetrate the water-permeable sheet and the water-repellent sheet. If it does so, there exists a possibility that the chemical | medical solution inject | poured into the perforation may flow below a water-permeable sheet and a water-repellent sheet, and cannot fully spread in a horizontal direction along a water-permeable sheet.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and its purpose is to minimize the number of perforations for injecting a chemical solution for ant protection, and the chemical solution injected into the perforations is below the soil concrete layer. It is to provide a foundation structure that can be expanded horizontally.

  (1) The foundation structure of a house according to the present invention is a foundation of a house, a ground layer provided along the foundation, a high hardness layer laminated on the ground layer, and a laminate on the high hardness layer, It comprises a chemical solution diffusion layer for horizontally flowing a chemical solution for ant-proofing and diffusing, and a soil concrete layer laminated on the chemical solution diffusion layer, and the material of the high hardness layer constitutes the chemical solution diffusion layer. It is a material having a hardness higher than the hardness of the material.

  According to the above configuration, the high hardness layer is disposed below the chemical liquid diffusion layer, and the material of the high hardness layer has a hardness higher than the hardness of the material constituting the chemical liquid diffusion layer. For this reason, the operator can easily grasp that the drill has reached the high hardness layer when the drill is used to form the hole for injecting the chemical solution for ant protection. This suppresses perforation from penetrating the high hardness layer. It is difficult to cause a problem that perforations are formed below the chemical diffusion layer. Accordingly, in the foundation structure, the injected chemical liquid can spread in the horizontal direction along the soil-concrete concrete layer while the perforations for injecting the chemical solution for ant protection are formed in the soil.

  (2) Preferably, the said chemical | medical solution diffusion layer is comprised with the nonwoven fabric.

  (3) Preferably, a heat insulating material layer is provided between the chemical solution diffusion layer and the soil concrete layer.

  According to the said structure, a heat insulating material layer is located on a chemical | medical solution diffusion layer. Therefore, the heat insulating material layer is also protected from the damage caused by ants such as termites by the chemical solution in the chemical solution diffusion layer.

  (4) Preferably, the high hardness layer permeates the chemical solution in the vertical direction.

  According to the said structure, the chemical | medical solution which was inject | poured into the perforation and spread | diffused the chemical | medical solution diffusion layer in the horizontal direction can permeate | transmit a high-hardness layer, and can be made to impregnate a ground layer.

  (5) Preferably, the high hardness layer is a plate made of plastic, rubber, or iron.

  (6) Preferably, a foundation of a house, a ground layer provided along the foundation, a plate laminated on the ground layer and preventing a chemical solution for ant protection from flowing downward, and laminated on the plate. And a soil layer in which a chemical solution for ant protection is allowed to flow in the horizontal direction and diffused, and an interstitial concrete layer laminated on the soil layer, wherein the plate material is higher than the hardness of the material constituting the soil layer Has hardness.

  According to the said structure, since the board | plate material is arrange | positioned under the soil layer, the chemical | medical solution can flow and diffuse in the horizontal direction in the soil layer without flowing downward. Moreover, the material of a board | plate material has hardness higher than the hardness of the material which comprises a soil layer. For this reason, when forming a drill hole for injecting a chemical solution for ant protection using a drill, the operator can easily grasp that the drill has reached the plate material, and the drill hole is less likely to penetrate the high hardness layer. It is difficult to cause a defect that perforations are formed below the soil layer. Accordingly, the foundation structure is capable of spreading the injected chemical solution in the horizontal direction along the soil-concrete concrete layer while the perforations for injecting the chemical solution for ant protection are formed in the soil.

  The basic structure of the house according to the present invention has as few perforations as possible for injecting chemicals for preventing ants, and the chemicals injected into the perforations can spread horizontally below the soil concrete layer.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the basic structure of the house according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of an essential part of the basic structure of the house according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of an essential part of the basic structure of the house according to the first embodiment provided with perforations. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the main part of the basic structure of the house according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the main part of the basic structure of the house according to the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a conventional basic structure of a house, FIG. 6 (a) is a view showing a state in which a chemical solution spreads in a spherical shape, and FIG. It is.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. Note that each embodiment is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and it is needless to say that the embodiment can be changed without changing the gist of the present invention.

[Basic structure 100 of the house according to the first embodiment]
With reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the basic structure (henceforth, basic structure) 100 of the house which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated. The foundation structure 100 is a structure that prevents the entry of ants such as termites between the soils of a house. In the present embodiment, the soil is the entrance soil. The foundation structure 100 includes a residential foundation 10, a ground layer 11, a high hardness layer 12, a chemical solution diffusion layer 13, a soil concrete layer 14, a mortar layer 15, and a tile layer 16. The ground layer 11, the high hardness layer 12, the chemical solution diffusion layer 13, the soil concrete layer 14, the mortar layer 15, and the tile layer 16 each cover the entire region in the horizontal direction between the entrance soils.

  The foundation 10 is a fabric foundation having an inverted T-shaped cross-sectional structure. The foundation 10 includes a horizontal portion 21 extending in the horizontal direction and a vertical portion 22 extending vertically upward from the horizontal portion 21. A structural member of a house is disposed on the vertical portion 22. In FIG. 1, a floor ridge 20 is disposed on a vertical portion 22.

  The ground layer 11 is a layer provided along the horizontal portion 21. The ground layer 11 is made of soil.

  The high hardness layer 12 is a layer laminated on the ground layer 11. In the first embodiment, the high hardness layer 12 is configured by an iron plate. As long as the high hardness layer 12 is configured to cover the entire area between the entrance soils, the high hardness layer 12 may be configured by a single iron plate or a plurality of connected iron plates.

  The chemical solution diffusion layer 13 is a layer that is laminated on the high hardness layer 12 and diffuses the chemical solution for ant protection by flowing in the horizontal direction. In 1st Embodiment, the chemical | medical solution diffusion layer 13 is comprised with the nonwoven fabric. The hardness of iron which is a material of the high hardness layer 12 is higher than the hardness of a nonwoven fabric which is a material constituting the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13.

  The soil concrete layer 14 is a layer made of concrete. The soil concrete layer 14 constitutes the lower layer of the finish portion between the soil.

  The mortar layer 15 is a layer composed of mortar. The mortar layer 15 constitutes an intermediate layer of the finish portion between the soils.

  The tile layer 16 is a layer configured by a plurality of tiles 17 arranged along the horizontal direction and joint portions 18 that fill the joints between the tiles 17. The joint portion 18 is composed of the same mortar as the mortar of the mortar layer 15. The tile layer 16 constitutes the upper layer of the finished portion between the soils.

[Reconstruction work for ant protection]
When a new house is constructed, the chemical solution diffusion layer 13 impregnated with the chemical solution for ant protection is disposed as a construction for ant protection. Or the solid chemical | medical agent for ant protection is arrange | positioned along with the horizontal direction between the chemical | medical solution diffusion layer 13 and the soil concrete layer 14, and is arrange | positioned. The solid drug is liquefied and diffused by moisture in the soil. Note that a liquid medicine may be used instead of the solid medicine. Since these chemicals or chemicals disappear with the passage of time, re-construction work of chemicals for ant protection is performed. The re-installation work of the chemical solution for ant protection is a work for injecting the chemical solution for ant protection into the chemical solution diffusion layer 13.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the re-construction work for ant proofing, the perforations 23 for injecting the chemical solution for ant proofing are formed in the foundation structure 100. The perforations 23 are formed by cutting the tile layer 16 and the like from the joints between the tiles 17 vertically downward using, for example, a drill. The perforations 23 reach the high hardness layer 12 from the joint portion 18 via the mortar layer 15, the soil concrete layer 14, and the chemical solution diffusion layer 13. The perforations 23 only need to be formed up to the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13. The installer feels a greater resistance than the resistance generated when the drilling 23 is formed in the soil concrete layer 14 when the tip of the drill reaches the high hardness layer 12. Thus, the installer grasps that the perforation 23 has reached the upper side of the high hardness layer 12 and stops using the drill before the perforation 23 penetrates the high hardness layer 12.

  When the perforations 23 are formed, a liquid chemical liquid is injected into the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13 through the perforations 23. Since the chemical solution diffusion layer 13 is composed of a nonwoven fabric, the injected chemical solution flows in the horizontal direction along the chemical solution diffusion layer 13 and diffuses. When the injection of the chemical solution is completed, the perforations 23 are filled with joints. The formation of the perforations 23 is performed, for example, at each of the four corners between the entrance soils. A chemical solution is injected from each of the formed perforations 23. In this way, the re-construction work for ant protection is completed.

[Effects of First Embodiment]
According to the basic structure 100 according to the first embodiment, the high hardness layer 12 is disposed below the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13, and the material of the high hardness layer 12 is higher than the hardness of the material constituting the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13. Have Therefore, the operator can easily grasp that the drill has reached the high hardness layer 12 when forming the perforation 23 for injecting the chemical solution for ant protection using the drill. Thereby, it is suppressed that the perforation 23 penetrates the high hardness layer 12. Therefore, in the foundation structure 100, the injected chemical solution can spread in the horizontal direction along the soil concrete layer 14 while the perforations 23 for injecting the chemical solution for ant protection are formed in the soil.

  Moreover, the high hardness layer 12 permeate | transmits a chemical | medical solution to a perpendicular direction. Accordingly, the chemical solution injected into the perforations 23 and diffused in the horizontal direction in the chemical solution diffusion layer 13 can be impregnated into the ground layer 11 through the high hardness layer 12.

[Fundamental structure 200 according to the second embodiment]
With reference to FIG. 4, the foundation structure 200 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated. The foundation structure 200 according to the second embodiment is different from the foundation structure 100 according to the first embodiment in that a heat insulating material layer 24 is provided. In other points, the foundation structure 200 according to the second embodiment has the same configuration as the foundation structure 100 according to the first embodiment. The description of the same configuration is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the foundation structure 200 includes a heat insulating material layer 24 laminated on the chemical solution diffusion layer 13 and the soil concrete layer 14. That is, the heat insulating material layer 24 is laminated on the chemical solution diffusion layer 13, and the soil concrete layer 14 is laminated on the heat insulating material layer 24. The heat insulating material layer 24 is a layer composed of a heat insulating material. In the second embodiment, the heat insulating material of the heat insulating material layer 24 is, for example, glass wool.

  In the re-construction work for ant protection, the perforations 23 are formed from the joint portion 18 to the high hardness layer 12. The perforations 23 extend from the joint portion 18 to above the high hardness layer 12 through the mortar layer 15, the soil concrete layer 14, the heat insulating material layer 24, and the chemical solution diffusion layer 13. That is, the perforations 23 are also formed in the heat insulating material layer 24. The perforations 23 only need to be formed up to the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13.

[Effects of Second Embodiment]
According to the foundation structure 200 according to the second embodiment, the heat insulating material layer 24 is positioned on the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13. Therefore, the heat insulating material layer 24 is also protected from the damage caused by ants such as termites by the chemical solution in the chemical solution diffusion layer 13.

[Fundamental structure 300 according to the third embodiment]
With reference to FIG. 5, the foundation structure 300 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated. The foundation structure 300 according to the third embodiment is different from the foundation structure 200 according to the second embodiment in that a soil layer 25 is provided instead of the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13 made of a nonwoven fabric. In other points, the foundation structure 300 according to the third embodiment has the same configuration as the foundation structure 200 according to the second embodiment. The description of the same configuration is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the foundation structure 300 includes a soil layer 25 between the high hardness layer 12 and the heat insulating material layer 24. The soil layer 25 is made of soil as with the ground layer 11. The soil layer 25 is a layer in which a chemical solution for ant protection is allowed to flow in the horizontal direction and diffused.

  As described above, the high hardness layer 12 is made of an iron plate. The iron plate constituting the high hardness layer 12 is a plate material that not only limits the formation range of the perforations 23 but also prevents the chemical liquid from flowing downward. Therefore, when the high hardness layer 12 is composed of a plurality of iron plates, the gap between the iron plates is closed by, for example, a sealing material so as to ensure the sealing between the iron plates. Since the chemical solution does not flow downward due to the iron plate of the high hardness layer 12, the chemical solution can stay in the soil layer 25 laminated on the high hardness layer 12. Therefore, compared with the case where the high hardness layer 12 does not exist, the chemical solution easily spreads the soil layer 25 in the horizontal direction.

  Further, the iron plate of the high hardness layer 12 may be arranged such that the upper surface thereof is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. In this case, the upper surface of the iron plate is disposed so as to descend toward the vertical portion 22 of the foundation 10 from the center side between the soils. With this arrangement, the chemical solution flows toward the connection portion between the iron plate and the vertical portion 22 of the foundation 10 and diffuses into the soil around the connection portion. Here, ants such as termites do not enter the steel plate itself due to damage. It is a connection part with the vertical part 22 of the foundation 10 that an ant such as a termite may enter. Since the chemical solution is diffused into the soil of the connecting portion, entry of ants such as termites is prevented.

[Operational effects according to the third embodiment]
According to the foundation structure 300 according to the third embodiment, since the iron plate is disposed below the soil layer 25, the chemical solution flows in the horizontal direction and diffuses without flowing the chemical solution downward. Further, the material of the iron plate has a hardness higher than the hardness of the material constituting the soil layer 25. Therefore, when forming the perforation 23 which inject | pours the chemical | medical solution for ant prevention using a drill, it is easy to grasp | ascertain that the drill reached | attained the iron plate, and there exists a possibility that the perforation 23 may penetrate the high hardness layer 12. Few. Therefore, in the foundation structure 300, the injected chemical solution can spread in the horizontal direction along the soil concrete layer 14 while the perforations 23 for injecting the chemical solution for ant protection are formed in the soil.

[Modification]
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention has been described in detail, the above description is only illustration of this invention in all the points. It goes without saying that various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Regarding each component of the foundation structures 100, 200, and 300 according to this embodiment, the component may be omitted, replaced, and added as appropriate according to the embodiment. In addition, the shape and size of each component of the foundation structures 100, 200, and 300 may be appropriately set according to the embodiment. For example, the following changes can be made.

  In the basic structures 100 and 200 according to the first and second embodiments, the material constituting the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13 is a nonwoven fabric. The material constituting the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13 may be any material that can easily penetrate the chemical liquid for ant protection, and may be, for example, a foamed resin material. In particular, a low foam in which the expansion ratio of the foamed resin material is about 2 times is preferable.

  In the foundation structures 100, 200, and 300 according to the first to third embodiments, the high hardness layer 12 is formed of an iron plate, but is not limited to this configuration.

  In the basic structures 100 and 200 according to the first and second embodiments having the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13, the high hardness layer 12 only needs to be made of a material having a hardness higher than that of the chemical liquid diffusion layer 13. The material of the high hardness layer 12 is not limited to iron, and may be plastic or rubber, for example. When the material of the high hardness layer 12 is plastic or rubber, the high hardness layer 12 is preferably a plate material made of plastic or rubber. In this case, it is preferable to have a certain thickness so that the drill is not drilled even if it touches instantaneously. In particular, a rubber plate is preferable because drilling with a drill is not easy. Moreover, the form of the high hardness layer 12 is not limited to a plate material. The high hardness layer 12 may be composed of, for example, a Kepler fiber cloth, or may be a punching metal that is a plate material in which a large number of holes are formed. Further, the high hardness layer 12 may be a layer in which a plurality of iron balls are spread or a layer in which gravel is spread. Thereby, the tip of the drill comes into contact with the high-hardness layer 12 to make the installer feel the resistance when forming the perforations 23 and is injected into the perforations 23 to diffuse the chemical diffusion layer 13 in the horizontal direction. Can be impregnated in the ground layer 11 through the high hardness layer.

  In the foundation structure 300 according to the third embodiment having the soil layer 25, the high hardness layer 12 is made of a material having higher hardness than the material of the soil layer 25, and is a plate material that can prevent the chemical liquid from flowing downward. There is no limitation as long as there is. As the plate material that is the high hardness layer 12, for example, a plate material made of plastic, rubber, or aluminum may be used.

  Although the foundation structures 100, 200, and 300 according to the first to third embodiments include the mortar layer 15, the mortar layer 15 may not be provided. Moreover, although the foundation structure 300 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is equipped with the heat insulating material layer 24, the heat insulating material layer 24 does not need to be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Foundation 11 ... Ground layer 12 ... High hardness layer 13 ... Chemical-diffusion layer 14 ... Dirt concrete layer 24 ... Thermal insulation layer 25 ... Soil layer 100, 200, 300 ... Basic structure

Claims (6)

The basics of housing,
A ground layer provided along the foundation,
A high hardness layer laminated on the ground layer,
A chemical solution diffusion layer that is laminated on the high hardness layer and diffuses the chemical solution for ant protection by flowing in the horizontal direction;
A soil concrete layer laminated on the chemical diffusion layer,
The basic structure of a house, wherein the material of the high hardness layer is a material having a hardness higher than the hardness of the material constituting the chemical liquid diffusion layer.   The residential chemical structure according to claim 1, wherein the chemical liquid diffusion layer is made of a nonwoven fabric.   The basic structure of a house according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a heat insulating material layer between the chemical solution diffusion layer and the soil concrete layer.   The basic structure of a house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high-hardness layer allows the chemical liquid to permeate in the vertical direction.   5. The basic structure of a house according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the high hardness layer is a plate material made of plastic, rubber, or iron. The basics of housing,
A ground layer provided along the foundation,
Plated on the ground layer and prevents the ant-preventive chemical from flowing downward,
A soil layer that is laminated on the plate material and spreads by flowing a chemical solution for ant protection horizontally.
A soil concrete layer laminated on the soil layer,
The said board | plate material is a foundation structure of the house which has hardness higher than the hardness of the material which comprises the said soil layer.

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