JP2017128263A - Railway vehicle carriage with protective film and leaf spring with protective film - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a configuration in which a surface of a protection object member can be readily exposed and has fire-resistance while improving a degree of freedom of choosing a protected region of a railway vehicle bogie and reducing a weight of the vehicle.SOLUTION: An adhesive face of a protective film in which a shock absorption layer and a flame retardant layer are laminated in this order from a side of the protection object member and the shock absorption layer is thicker than the flame retardant layer, is attached to the protection object member of the railway bogie.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a railcar bogie provided with a protective film and a leaf spring with a protective film for the railcar bogie.

  Conventionally, in order to reduce the weight of railway vehicles, carts using fiber reinforced resin have been developed. The cart of Patent Document 1 includes a plate spring made of fiber reinforced resin and a plate spring cover that covers the plate spring from above. According to this, the stepping spring or the like is prevented from colliding with the leaf spring by the leaf spring cover, and the fiber reinforced resin is prevented from being damaged.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-3559

  However, the leaf spring cover of Patent Document 1 cannot protect the lower surface of the leaf spring, and the degree of freedom in selecting a protection region is low. In addition, since the leaf spring cover is large and a rotation mechanism for moving the leaf spring cover following the deformation of the leaf spring is necessary, the vehicle weight is increased.

  On the other hand, if the surface of the leaf spring is covered with a coating to protect the leaf spring, the degree of freedom in setting the protection area is increased and an increase in weight can be suppressed. However, it is desirable that the surface of the leaf spring can be easily exposed in order to inspect the deterioration of the leaf spring during maintenance. Moreover, in a railway vehicle, fire resistance performance is also required for the material used. The matters described above are not limited to the leaf springs, and can be applied to other members constituting the railway vehicle.

  Therefore, the present invention has an object to provide a configuration in which the surface of a member to be protected can be easily exposed and has fire resistance performance while improving the degree of freedom of selection of a protection region of a railway vehicle carriage and reducing the vehicle weight. To do.

  A railway vehicle carriage including a protective film according to an aspect of the present invention includes a protection target member of a railway vehicle, and a protection film having an adhesive surface that is attached to the protection target member. The shock absorbing layer and the flame retardant layer are laminated in order from the protection target member side, and the shock absorbing layer is thicker than the flame retardant layer.

  According to the above configuration, since only the protective film is attached to the protection target member of the railway vehicle carriage, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom of selection of the protection area of the railway vehicle carriage and reduce the vehicle weight. The impact-absorbing layer can favorably protect the member to be protected of the running railway vehicle bogie from the collision of ballast, snow mass, and other flying objects. Moreover, since the surface of a protection object member can be easily exposed by peeling a protection film from a protection object member, the inspection of the protection object member at the time of a maintenance can also be performed easily. Furthermore, it can be set as the protective film which satisfy | filled the fireproof performance calculated | required by a rail vehicle by the flame-retardant layer of a protective film.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the structure which can expose the surface of a protection object member easily and can have fireproof performance can be provided, improving the freedom degree of selection of the protection area | region of a rail vehicle bogie and reducing a vehicle weight.

It is a side view of a railway vehicle provided with the protective film which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an expanded sectional view of the protective film shown in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the protective film which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the direction in which the railway vehicle travels and the direction in which the vehicle body extends is defined as the vehicle longitudinal direction, and the lateral direction perpendicular thereto is defined as the vehicle width direction.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a side view of a railway vehicle 1 including a protective film 20 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the railway vehicle 1 includes a carriage 2 and a vehicle body 3 supported by the carriage 2 from below. The carriage 2 includes a carriage frame 5 that supports the vehicle body 3 via an air spring 4 serving as a secondary suspension. The carriage frame 5 includes the horizontal beams 5a extending in the vehicle width direction, but does not include the side beams extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction from both ends of the horizontal beams 5a in the vehicle width direction. A pair of axles 6 extending along the vehicle width direction is disposed on both sides of the transverse beam 5a in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Wheels 7 are provided on both sides of the axle 6 in the vehicle width direction. Bearings 8 that rotatably support the axle 6 on the outer side of the wheel 7 in the vehicle width direction are provided at both ends of the axle 6 in the vehicle width direction. The bearing 8 is accommodated in the axle box 9.

  The end of the transverse beam 5a in the vehicle width direction is connected to the axle box 9 by the axle beam type axle box support device 10. The axle box support device 10 includes an axle beam 11 extending from the axle box 9 toward the lateral beam 5a in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The carriage frame 5 has a pair of receiving seats 12 projecting from the horizontal beam 5a toward the shaft beam 11 and spaced apart from each other in the vehicle width direction, and the tip end portion of the shaft beam 11 has a rubber bush ( (Not shown) and elastically coupled. The pair of axle boxes 9 separated in the vehicle longitudinal direction respectively support the end portions 13b on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring 13 extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction. The central portion 13a in the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring 13 supports the end of the transverse beam 5a in the vehicle width direction from below. As a result, the horizontal beam 5 is supported by the axle box 9 via the leaf spring 13. That is, the leaf spring 13 has both a primary suspension function and a conventional side beam function.

  The leaf spring 13 is made of fiber reinforced resin. For example, the plate spring 13 is formed of CFRP at least at a portion including the upper and lower surfaces. A pressing member 14 having an arc-shaped lower surface that protrudes downward is provided at the lower part of the end of the transverse beam 5a in the vehicle width direction. The pressing member 14 can be placed on the central portion 13a of the leaf spring 13 from above and separated. Contact. That is, the pressing member 14 comes into contact with the upper surface of the leaf spring 13 by a downward load due to gravity from the cross beam 5a without fixing the leaf spring 13 in the vertical direction with respect to the pressing member 14. That is, the pressing member 14 is not fixed to the leaf spring 13 by a fixture, but is brought into contact with the upper surface of the leaf spring 13 by the contact pressure between the downward load due to gravity from the lateral beam 5a and the reaction force of the leaf spring 13 against it. Is maintained.

  A support member 15 is attached to the upper end portion of the axle box 9, and an end portion 13 b of the leaf spring 13 is supported from below by the axle box 9 via the support member 15. The upper surface of the support member 15 is inclined toward the center of the carriage in a side view. The end portion 13b of the leaf spring 13 is also placed on the support member 15 from above without being fixed to the support member 15 in the vertical direction. The support member 15 includes a base member 16 (for example, an anti-vibration rubber) installed on the axle box 9 and a receiving member 17 installed on the base member 16 and positioned on the base member 16.

  The receiving member 17 has a concave portion 17a in which the end portion 13b of the leaf spring 13 is accommodated, and the concave portion 17a is opened upward and toward the center of the carriage. Between the bottom surface of the recess 17a of the receiving member 17 and the end portion 13b of the leaf spring 13, a sheet (for example, a rubber sheet) (not shown) having a hardness lower than that of the leaf spring 13 and the receiving member 17 is sandwiched. A cover 18 that covers the end 13b of the leaf spring 13 accommodated in the recess 17a from above is detachably attached to the receiving member 17 using a fastener (for example, a bolt).

  The leaf spring 13 passes through the space between the pair of receiving seats 12. The central portion 13a of the leaf spring 13 is disposed lower than the end portion 13b, and the leaf spring 13 has a bow shape that protrudes downward in a side view. An intermediate portion 13c, which is an intermediate region between the central portion 13a and the end portion 13b, of the leaf spring 13 is spaced apart from each component of the carriage 2 and is freely arranged in the air. The intermediate part 13c of the leaf spring 13 is inclined toward the center of the carriage. The upper surface and the lower surface of the leaf spring 13 have inclined regions that are inclined with respect to the horizontal plane when viewed from the vehicle width direction at the end portion 13b and the intermediate portion 13c.

  The intermediate portion 13c of the leaf spring 13 has an upper surface and a lower surface exposed to the outside. Therefore, the protective film 20 is attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate portion 13c of the leaf spring 13. However, the protective film 20 is affixed to the portions of the leaf spring 13 that are covered with other members (for example, the upper surface of the central portion 13a of the leaf spring 13 and the upper and lower surfaces of the end portion 13b of the leaf spring 13). Absent. Moreover, the protective film 20 is not affixed also to the side surface parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction of the leaf | plate spring 13, and the said side surface is exposed outside.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the protective film 20 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the protective film 20 includes an adhesive layer 21, a shock absorbing layer 22, a colored layer 23, and a flame retardant layer 24. The adhesive layer 21, the shock absorbing layer 22, the colored layer 23, and the flame retardant layer 24 are laminated in this order from the leaf spring 13 (a member to be protected). The adhesive layer 21 has an adhesive surface 21 a attached to the leaf spring 13, and the flame retardant layer 24 is a surface layer exposed to the outside of the protective film 20. Thus, the protective film 20 is in the form of a single sheet in which the layers are combined.

  The adhesive layer 21 has an adhesive surface 21a attached to the leaf spring 13 on the side opposite to the shock absorbing layer 22 side. The adhesive layer 21 is preferably made of a material having an adhesive force of the adhesive surface 21a with respect to the leaf spring 13 of 5 N / 20 mm or more and 35 N / 20 mm or less, more preferably 10 N / 20 mm or more and 30 N / 20 mm or less. This adhesive strength was determined in accordance with JIS Z 0237 (2009), after 30 minutes after being attached to the adherend, under the conditions of a tensile speed of 300 mm / min and a tensile angle of 180 ° (SUS304BA steel plate). ). The adhesive layer 21 has, for example, an acrylic adhesive. As an example, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 21 may consist of a single pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, or may be a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape obtained by applying a pressure-sensitive adhesive to one side or both sides of a nonwoven fabric or the like. The thickness of the adhesive layer 21 is preferably 10 μm or more and 200 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or more and 180 μm or less, and even more preferably 70 μm or more and 160 μm or less. It should be noted that a release liner (for example, a PET sheet) (not shown) may be attached to the adhesive surface 21a of the adhesive layer 21 during storage before the protective film 20 is attached to the leaf spring 13.

  The shock absorbing layer 22 is made of a soft material for mechanically protecting the leaf spring 13 from flying objects. For example, the soft material has a tan δ peak in a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement measured at a frequency of 1 Hz between −50 ° C. and 50 ° C. For example, the shock absorbing layer 22 is made of a porous resin. The porosity of the porous resin is preferably 0.1 to 50% by volume. The shock absorbing layer 22 has adhesiveness. The adhesive strength of the shock absorbing layer 22 is greater than the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer 21. In other words, the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 21 to the leaf spring 13 is smaller than the adhesive force of the shock absorbing layer 22 to the adhesive layer 21. As an example, the shock absorbing layer 22 is an acrylic foam adhesive. The thickness of the shock absorbing layer 22 is preferably 500 μm or more and 4000 μm or less, and more preferably 700 μm or more and 1000 μm or less.

  The colored layer 23 is sandwiched between the impact absorbing layer 22 and the flame retardant layer 24 and includes a colorant (for example, a pigment). As an example, the colored layer 23 is a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape in which a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to both surfaces of a nonwoven fabric and the pressure-sensitive adhesive contains a colorant. The pressure-sensitive adhesive for the colored layer 23 is, for example, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. The thickness of the colored layer 23 is preferably 1 μm or more and 200 μm or less, and more preferably 3 μm or more and 160 μm or less. As another example, the colored layer 23 may be a colorant applied to the flame retardant layer 24 by printing or the like.

  The flame retardant layer 24 has flame retardance and is thinner than the shock absorbing layer 22. The tensile strength of the flame retardant layer 24 is higher than the tensile strength of any one of the adhesive layer 21, the shock absorbing layer 22, and the colored layer 23. The thermal expansion coefficient of the flame retardant layer 24 is lower than the thermal expansion coefficient of any one of the adhesive layer 21, the shock absorbing layer 22, and the colored layer 23. The flame retardant layer 24 is, for example, a resin selected from polyimide or vinyl chloride, a thermoplastic resin containing a flame retardant (for example, a phosphorus flame retardant, a halogen flame retardant, a metal hydroxide flame retardant, etc.), It is a glass fiber sheet or a metal film (for example, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, titanium, or iron). The flame retardant layer 24 is transparent or translucent. In the present embodiment, polyimide having high weather resistance is used for the flame retardant layer 24. The thickness of the flame retardant layer 24 is preferably 10 μm or more and 400 μm or less, and more preferably 30 μm or more and 350 μm or less. The thickness of the flame retardant layer 24 is preferably 1% or more and 50% or less of the thickness of the shock absorbing layer 22, and more preferably 5% or more and 40% or less.

  According to the configuration described above, the leaf spring 13 is protected simply by attaching the protective film 20 to the leaf spring 13 of the railway vehicle 1, and the degree of freedom in selecting the protection region of the railway vehicle 1 is improved and the vehicle weight is reduced. be able to. Further, since the shock absorbing layer 22 is thicker than the flame retardant layer 24, the leaf spring 13 of the traveling railway vehicle 1 can be well protected from the collision of flying objects by the shock absorbing layer 22. Moreover, since the surface of the leaf | plate spring 13 can be easily exposed by peeling off the protective film 20 from the leaf | plate spring 13, the test | inspection (for example, ultrasonic flaw detection test | inspection) of the leaf | plate spring at the time of a maintenance can also be performed easily. Furthermore, it can be set as the protective film which satisfy | filled the fireproof performance calculated | required by the rail vehicle by the flame-resistant layer 24 of the protective film 20. FIG.

  Since the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 21 with respect to the leaf spring 13 is smaller than the adhesive force of the shock absorbing layer 22 with respect to the adhesive layer 21, when the protective film 20 is peeled off from the leaf spring 13, the protective film 20 is partially exposed to the leaf spring. 13 is prevented, and the inspection of the leaf spring 13 at the time of maintenance can be performed accurately. Since the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 21 is smaller than the adhesive force of the shock absorbing layer 22, the adhesive layer 21 is not the boundary between the adhesive layer 21 and the shock absorbing layer 22 when the protective film 20 is peeled off from the leaf spring 13. And the leaf spring 13 can be stably peeled off at the boundary.

  Since the adhesive force of the adhesive surface 21a attached to the leaf spring 13 is 35 N / 20 mm or less, the protective film 20 partially remains on the leaf spring 13 when the protective film 20 is peeled off from the leaf spring 13. It can prevent more suitably. Since the adhesive force of the adhesive surface 21a affixed to the leaf spring 13 is 5 N / 20 mm or more, even if the leaf spring 13 is bent or vibrated while the railway vehicle 1 is running, the protective film 20 is prevented from being displaced or dropped. it can.

  Since the flame retardant layer 24 as a surface layer is transparent or translucent, the color of the protective film 20 viewed from the outside can be changed by changing the color of the colored layer 23 without changing the flame retardant layer 24. Therefore, the degree of freedom of color selection can be increased without changing the performance of the flame retardant layer 24.

  Since the tensile strength of the flame retardant layer 24 is high, when the protective film 20 is peeled off from the leaf spring 13, it is possible to prevent the protective film 20 from being cut by the tensile force and partially remaining on the leaf spring 13. .

  Since the thickness of the flame retardant layer 24 is 10 μm or more, when the protective film 20 is peeled off from the leaf spring 13, it is possible to more suitably prevent the protective film 20 from being cut by a tensile force. Further, the thickness of the flame retardant layer 24 can prevent wrinkles from being generated on the surface of the protective film 20 and can ensure aesthetics. Since the thickness of the flame retardant layer 24 is 400 μm or less, the thickness of the shock absorbing layer 22 is sufficiently ensured while suppressing the increase in thickness of the entire protective film 20, and good impact resistance can be obtained. In addition, since the shock absorbing layer 22 is sufficiently thick, even if the leaf spring 13 is repeatedly elastically deformed, strain due to the deformation is absorbed by the shock absorbing layer 22 and the stress transmission to the flame retardant layer 24 can be suppressed.

  For the flame retardant layer 24, by selecting a material such as polyimide that has little deterioration due to ultraviolet rays, discoloration hardly occurs and a good aesthetic appearance can be maintained.

  Since the protective film 20 is selectively affixed to a portion exposed to the outside in the inclined areas of the upper and lower surfaces of the plate spring 13, the plate of the rail vehicle 1 during high-speed traveling is suppressed while suppressing the amount of the protective film 20 used. It is possible to satisfactorily prevent the leaf spring 13 from being damaged when a portion exposed to the outside in the inclined region of the spring 13 collides with a flying object in the traveling direction. Since the protective film 20 is not attached to a portion that is not exposed to the outside (for example, the upper and lower surfaces of the end portion 13b of the leaf spring 13), the protective film 20 is attached to the intermediate portion 13c that is exposed to the outside. The protective film 20 can be easily attached to and detached from the leaf spring 13 in the state.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the protective film 120 according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the protective film 120 of the second embodiment differs from the protective film 20 of the first embodiment in that it does not have the adhesive layer 21. That is, the protective film 120 is formed by laminating the impact absorbing layer 122, the colored layer 23, and the flame retardant layer 24 in this order from the leaf spring 13 side. As an example, the shock absorbing layer 122 is an acrylic foam adhesive. The shock absorbing layer 122 has an adhesive surface 122a attached to the leaf spring 13 on the side opposite to the colored layer 23 side.

  If the adhesive surface 122a of the shock absorbing layer 122 has an adhesive strength of 35 N / 20 mm or less, the protective film 120 partially remains on the leaf spring 13 when the protective film 120 is peeled off from the leaf spring 13. This is preferable because it can be prevented. If the adhesive surface 122a of the shock absorbing layer 122 has an adhesive force of 5 N / 20 mm or more, even if the leaf spring 13 is bent or vibrated during traveling of the railway vehicle 1, the protective film 120 is prevented from being displaced or dropped. This is preferable. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, description thereof is omitted.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to each embodiment mentioned above, The structure can be changed, added, or deleted. The members to be protected of the railway vehicle are not limited to leaf springs, and include members that should be protected from flying objects such as other parts of the carriage, a part of the carriage frame or the vehicle body, an under-floor board, and the like. At that time, the member to be protected is preferably made of fiber reinforced resin. Moreover, it is not necessary to provide a colored layer in a protective film.

1 Railcar 2 Bogie 13 Leaf Spring (Protection Target)
13c Middle part (inclined area)
20, 120 Protective film 21 Adhesive layer 21a, 122a Adhesive surface 22, 122 Shock absorbing layer 23 Colored layer 24 Flame retardant layer

Claims (8)

A member to be protected of a railway vehicle bogie;
A protective film having an adhesive surface attached to the member to be protected,
The protective film, in order from the protection target member side, a shock absorbing layer and a flame retardant layer are laminated,
A railcar bogie in which the shock absorbing layer is thicker than the flame retardant layer. From the protection target member side, an adhesive layer having the adhesive surface is laminated on the shock absorbing layer,
The railway vehicle carriage according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive force of the adhesive layer to the protection target member is smaller than an adhesive force of the shock absorbing layer to the adhesive layer.   The railcar bogie according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesive force of the adhesive surface to the member to be protected is 5 N / 20 mm or more and 35 N / 20 mm or less. A colored layer is laminated between the flame retardant layer and the shock absorbing layer,
The rail vehicle bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flame retardant layer is transparent or translucent.   The railway according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the flame retardant layer is a resin selected from polyimide or vinyl chloride, a thermoplastic resin containing a flame retardant, a glass fiber sheet, or a metal film. Vehicle trolley.   The railcar bogie according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the flame retardant layer is 10 µm or more and 400 µm or less. A leaf spring made of fiber reinforced resin,
A leaf spring with a protective film for a railway vehicle carriage, comprising: the protective film according to any one of claims 1 to 6 attached to the leaf spring. The upper and lower surfaces of the plate spring have inclined regions inclined with respect to a horizontal plane when viewed from the vehicle width direction,
The said protection film is a location exposed to the outside among the said inclination area | regions, Comprising: The leaf | plate spring with a protection film for rail vehicle bogies of Claim 7 currently affixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the said leaf | plate spring.

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