JP2017166168A - Vibration control device and vibration control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system which can efficiently attenuate the vibration of a building and can be constructed compactly and inexpensively. SOLUTION: In vibration damping devices 1A and 1B provided between two relative displaceable members of a building BL (for example, between a Y-shaped brace Br1 and a pillar P, and between upper and lower brace members Br2a and Br2b). The damping portion 10 having the damping characteristic in the axial direction extending between the two members and the axially variable portion 20 in which at least one of the rigidity and the length in the axial direction is variable are connected in series with each other. [Selection diagram] Fig. 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system.

Various vibration control devices have been developed as earthquake countermeasures for buildings such as skyscrapers. The vibration control device mainly includes a passive method, an active method, and a semi-active method.
The passive method does not require energy such as electric power and attenuates the vibration of the building based on the damping characteristics of an oil damper or the like. For this reason, stable performance can be exhibited without being affected by a power failure or the like.
In the active method and the semi-active method, a vibration of a building is detected by a sensor, and a vibration damper or the like is controlled based on the detection result.

Patent Document 1 discloses a brace damper for attenuating vibration. In this brace damper, a first hydraulic damper and a second hydraulic damper are connected in series so as to operate in opposite directions.
Patent Document 2 discloses a hydraulic damper that can achieve the same efficiency as the semi-active system without requiring a controller or the like. In this hydraulic damper, hydraulic dampers having the same structure are symmetrically arranged opposite to each other with a brace interposed therebetween.

JP-A-11-270179 JP 2004-52922 A

By the way, when an earthquake occurs, shakes (earthquakes) with various periods occur. In particular, high-rise buildings are strongly affected by long-period ground motion.
There is a problem that it is difficult to sufficiently cope with such various fluctuations in the passive method.
On the other hand, the active method can cope with fluctuations of various periods, but for example, a large actuator or pump is required like an active mass damper, or a special damper is used in the form that changes the damping characteristics of the damper itself. There is a need to develop and manufacture. For this reason, there exists a problem that an apparatus tends to become large sized and expensive.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and provides a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system that can efficiently dampen the vibration of a building and can be configured to be small and inexpensive. Objective.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The vibration damping device of the present invention is a vibration damping device interposed between two members capable of relative displacement in a building, and includes a damping portion having an axial damping characteristic between the two members, and the axial rigidity. And an axial direction variable portion that can change at least one of the lengths, and the axial direction variable portion and the attenuation portion are connected in series.
According to this configuration, the transmission load between the two members can be arbitrarily changed by arbitrarily changing at least one of the rigidity and the length of the axially variable portion, and the vibration of the building can be efficiently performed. Can be attenuated. For this reason, it is particularly effective as a countermeasure for long-period ground motion in high-rise buildings. Further, since it is only necessary to connect the axial direction variable part independent of the attenuation part in series with the attenuation part, it can be configured smaller and cheaper than the case where an active damper having an actuator incorporated in the attenuation part is used. .

Further, the above vibration damping device may be configured to be connected to a brace of a building.
In this case, the transmission load to the brace can be arbitrarily changed by the operation of the axial direction variable portion, and the vibration of the building can be efficiently damped.

Further, the above vibration damping device may be configured such that the axial direction variable portion is an MR damper.
In this case, active control can be realized in a small and inexpensive manner using an existing MR damper.

The vibration damping device may be configured such that the axial direction variable portion is an electric actuator.
In this case, active control can be realized in a small and inexpensive manner using an existing electric actuator.

Further, the above vibration damping device may be configured such that the damping portion is any one of an oil damper, a viscous damper, a viscoelastic damper, a steel damper, and a friction damper.
In this case, the vibration damping device can be configured easily and inexpensively using an existing damper device.

Moreover, said damping device is good also as a structure where the said attenuation | damping part is a connection member which connects the said axial direction variable part to a building.
In this case, the vibration damping device can be configured easily and inexpensively using the connecting member as the attenuation portion.

  A vibration damping system of the present invention includes any one of the above vibration damping devices, a vibration sensor that detects vibration of the building, a control device that operates the axial direction variable unit based on a detection result of the vibration sensor, It has.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system capable of efficiently attenuating vibrations of a building and being configured to be small and inexpensive.

It is explanatory drawing of the vibration suppression system in embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the damping device in an embodiment of the present invention, (a) shows an example connected to a Y-shaped brace, and (b) shows an example connected to one brace, respectively. It is explanatory drawing of the damping characteristic of the said damping device, In the example which connected the viscous damper and MR damper, (a) changes the axial rigidity of MR damper, (b) shows the axis of MR damper Comparative examples in the case where the MR damper has a constant characteristic that does not deform in the axial direction without changing the rigidity in the direction are shown. It is explanatory drawing of the damping characteristic of the said damping device, In the example which connected the steel damper and MR damper, (a) changes the axial rigidity of MR damper, (b) shows the axis of MR damper Comparative examples in the case where the MR damper has a constant characteristic that does not deform in the axial direction without changing the rigidity in the direction are shown. It is explanatory drawing of the damping characteristic of the said damping device, In the example which connected the viscous damper and the electric actuator, (a) changes an electric actuator, (b) does not change an electric actuator, and an electric actuator does not change Comparative examples in the case of constant characteristics that do not deform in the axial direction are shown. It is explanatory drawing of the damping characteristic of the said damping device, In the example which connected the steel material damper and the electric actuator, (a) changes an electric actuator, (b) does not change an electric actuator, but an electric actuator does not change It is a figure which shows each the comparative example at the time of setting it as the fixed characteristic which does not deform | transform in an axial direction.

Hereinafter, a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A vibration suppression system 5 shown in FIG. 1 detects vibrations of a building BL attached to a plurality of vibration control devices 1 attached to, for example, a lower layer of a high-rise building BL, and an appropriate layer of the building BL. A plurality of vibration sensors 6 and a control device 7 that controls the operation of the vibration damping device 1 based on the detection result of the vibration sensors 6 are provided. The vibration suppression system 5 senses and records the vibration of the building BL with each vibration sensor 6, calculates the control force with the control device 7 according to the detection result, and each vibration control device according to the calculation result. 1 controls the vibration of the building BL. Note that the installation location of the vibration damping device 1 is not limited to the low-rise part, and may be installed in any layer.

  The vibration damping device 1 is interposed between two members of the building BL that can be relatively displaced. The vibration damping device 1 includes an attenuation portion 10 having an attenuation characteristic in the axial direction (length direction) between the connecting portions with respect to the two members, and an axis in which at least one of rigidity and length in the axial direction is variable. And a direction variable unit 20. The vibration damping device 1 is configured by connecting an axial direction variable portion 20 and an attenuation portion 10 in series in the axial direction. The axial direction variable portion 20 and the attenuation portion 10 may be separate from each other or may be integrated.

  The vibration damping device 1A shown in FIG. 2A is connected to the top (lower end) Br1a of the Y-shaped brace Br1 across the upper ends of the pair of pillars P in the building BL. The vibration damping device 1A is disposed substantially horizontally between the top portion Br1a of the Y-shaped brace Br1 and the base Pa of the pillar P of the building BL. The vibration damping device 1A has both end portions connected to the top portion Br1a and the pillar P, respectively. The vibration damping device 1A shown in FIG. 2 (a) includes the damping unit 10 and the axial direction variable unit 20, and further includes a connecting member extending in the axial direction, and the damping unit 10 is interposed via the connecting member. And at least one of the axial direction variable portions 20 may be connected to the corresponding one of the brace and the column P.

  The vibration damping device 1B shown in FIG. 2B is connected (installed) to an intermediate portion of the one brace Br2 extending between the upper and lower ends of the pair of pillars P in the building BL. The vibration damping device 1B is disposed between the brace center side ends of the upper and lower brace members Br2a and Br2b divided in the upper and lower directions in the one brace Br2. The vibration damping device 1B is arranged such that the axial direction is parallel to and substantially coincides with the axial direction (length direction) of the one brace Br2. The vibration damping device 1B has both ends connected to the ends of the upper and lower brace members Br2a and Br2b on the center side of the brace. The vibration damping device 1B shown in FIG. 2B is configured by the damping unit 10, the axial direction variable unit 20, and the upper and lower brace members Br2a and Br2b, but one of the upper and lower brace members Br2a and Br2b may be eliminated.

The damping unit 10 has a predetermined damping characteristic in the axial direction, and an oil damper, a viscous damper, a viscoelastic damper, a steel damper, a friction damper, or the like is used. That is, various commercially available damping dampers can be used. Further, the attenuating portion 10 may be constituted by any one of the connecting member having the attenuation characteristic in the axial direction and the upper and lower brace members Br2a and Br2b. Further, either the connecting member or the brace member may be provided between the attenuation unit 10 and the axial direction variable unit 20.
In addition, the brace which connects the damping device 1 is not limited to the Y-shaped brace Br1 and the single brace Br2, but may be other forms such as an X-shaped brace and a V-shaped brace.

  The axial direction variable unit 20 changes the damping characteristic of the vibration damping device 1 including the damping unit 10 by changing at least one of the rigidity and length in the axial direction. The axial directions of the axial direction variable portion 20 and the attenuation portion 10 coincide with the axial direction.

The axial direction variable part 20 is inserted in series between the building BL and the damping part 10, and the transmission load between the two members is arbitrarily changed according to the vibration of the building BL. It is possible to effectively suppress the vibration of the entire building BL by arbitrarily changing the characteristics.
The axial direction variable unit 20 can be configured by, for example, an MR damper. That is, a commercially available MR damper can be used.
The MR damper includes an MR fluid (Magnetorheological Fluid) inside, and generates a desired damping force by changing the viscosity of the MR fluid in accordance with a magnetic field applied to the MR fluid.

If no magnetic field is applied to the MR fluid, the damping force (reaction force) of the MR damper becomes almost zero and the axial rigidity becomes almost zero, disabling load transmission between the two members. At this time, the damping force of the vibration damping device 1 as a whole becomes substantially zero, and the vibration of one of the two members is not transmitted to the other, so that the vibration can be controlled between the two members.
On the other hand, by applying a magnetic field to the MR fluid and appropriately increasing the damping force of the MR damper, the axial rigidity is increased, and the damping force of the entire vibration damping device 1 can be generated and increased or decreased. At this time, it is possible to transmit the load between the two members and increase or decrease the transmission load. As a result, vibration can be effectively damped between the two members.
In this way, by operating the MR damper according to the vibration of the building BL, an active vibration control action is achieved, and vibration control can be performed more efficiently than the passive system.

On the other hand, the axial direction variable part 20 can also be comprised, for example with an electric actuator. That is, a commercially available electric actuator can be used.
And by extending and contracting the electric actuator according to the vibration of the building BL, it becomes possible to disable or increase or decrease the load transmission between the two members. As a result, it is possible to increase or decrease the damping force of the entire vibration damping device 1 to eliminate load transmission between the two members or to attenuate the vibration.
In this way, by operating the electric actuator according to the vibration of the building BL, an active vibration control action is achieved, and vibration control can be performed more efficiently than the passive method.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the operation when the MR damper (shaft stiffness varying device) is used for the axial direction variable portion 20 will be described.
FIG. 3A shows the damping characteristics of the damping device 1 in which a damping unit 10 made of a viscous damper and an axially variable part 20 made of an MR damper are combined in series. FIG. 4A shows the damping characteristics of a steel damper. The damping characteristic by the damping device 1 which combined the damping part 10 and the axial direction variable part 20 which consists of MR dampers in series is shown.
In these cases, the damping characteristics of the entire damping device 1 can be changed by operating the MR damper at an arbitrary timing. In the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, the load transmission between the two members is partially canceled by setting the axial rigidity of the MR damper to almost infinite at an arbitrary timing and substantially zero at other timings. .
In this way, by controlling the vibration damping device 1 based on the record obtained by the vibration sensor 6, it is possible to control more effectively than the passive vibration damping in consideration of the burden on the building BL, efficiency, and the like. It is possible to shake. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, not only the axial rigidity of the MR damper is set to be almost infinite or zero, but the control width of the vibration damping device 1 may be widened by setting an intermediate axial rigidity.

FIG. 3 (b) shows a vibration damping device having a constant characteristic in which the MR damper is not deformed in the axial direction without increasing and changing the axial rigidity of the axial direction variable portion 20 while including the damping section 10 made of a viscous damper. FIG. 4 (b) shows the damping characteristics of the apparatus 1, while the damping part 10 made of a steel damper is provided, while the axial rigidity of the axial direction variable part 20 is not increased and changed, and the MR damper is deformed in the axial direction. The damping characteristic by the vibration damping device 1 having a certain characteristic that is not shown is shown.
In these cases, the damping characteristic of the damping device 1 as a whole is a damping characteristic in which the damping unit 10 is fixed.

With reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, an operation when an electric actuator (axial length variable device) is used for the axial direction variable portion 20 will be described.
Fig.5 (a) shows the damping characteristic by the damping device 1 which combined the damping part 10 which consists of a viscous damper, and the axial direction variable part 20 which consists of an electric actuator in series, FIG.6 (a) shows from a steel material damper. The damping characteristic by the damping device 1 which combined the damping part 10 and the axial direction variable part 20 which consists of an electric actuator in series is shown.
In these cases, the damping characteristics of the vibration damping device 1 as a whole can be changed by operating (stretching) the electric actuator at an arbitrary timing. In the examples of FIGS. 5 and 6, the load transmission between the two members is arbitrarily increased or decreased by expanding or contracting the axial length of the electric actuator and changing the speed or amount of the axial deformation of the attenuation unit 10. .
In this way, by controlling the vibration damping device 1 based on the record obtained by the vibration sensor 6, it is possible to control more effectively than the passive vibration damping in consideration of the burden on the building BL, efficiency, and the like. It is possible to shake.

FIG. 5B shows the damping characteristic by the vibration damping device 1 that includes the damping part 10 made of a viscous damper, but does not change the axial direction variable part 20 and has a constant characteristic that the electric actuator does not change in the axial direction. 6 (b) shows the damping characteristic by the vibration damping device 1 having a constant characteristic in which the electric actuator does not change in the axial direction without changing the axial direction variable part 20 while including the damping part 10 made of a steel damper. Show.
In these cases, the damping characteristic of the vibration damping device 1 is a fixed damping characteristic of the damping unit 10.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the vibration suppression system 5 detects the vibration of the building BL by the vibration sensor 6, and the control device 7 operates the vibration suppression device 1 based on the detection result of the vibration sensor 6 (the axial direction variable portion 20. Control). Thereby, it becomes possible to increase or decrease the damping force of the vibration damping device 1 as a whole according to the vibration of the building BL, thereby eliminating load transmission between the two members or damping the vibration.

  By introducing the vibration damping system 5 into the building BL, vibration of the building BL can be easily and actively controlled, and efficient damping can be performed with less dampers compared to passive damping. Further, the vibration damping system can be easily introduced into the existing building BL, and the existing vibration damping damper can be used as a damper for active vibration damping. The damping unit 10 used in the vibration damping system 5 has abundant commercially available vibration damping dampers and can be obtained at a low cost. On the other hand, the axial direction variable unit 20 has a simple function, and an MR damper, a small actuator, or the like can be used.

  As described above, the vibration damping device 1 in the above-described embodiment is between two members (for example, between the Y-shaped brace Br1 and the pillar P and between the upper and lower brace members Br2a, Br2b) of the building BL. An attenuating portion 10 having an axial attenuation characteristic and an axially variable portion 20 that changes at least one of the axial rigidity and length are connected in series to each other. Therefore, the transmission load between the two members can be arbitrarily changed by arbitrarily changing at least one of the rigidity and the length of the axial direction variable portion 20, and can be arbitrarily changed with respect to the building BL. The vibration of the building BL can be efficiently damped by giving a damping force and a restoring force to. In addition, since it is only necessary to connect the axial direction variable unit 20 independent of the attenuation unit 10 in series with the attenuation unit 10, the configuration is smaller and less expensive than the case where an active damper having an actuator incorporated in the attenuation unit is used. be able to.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in the vibration suppression system 5, the number and type of vibration sensors 6 can be arbitrarily selected. Also, the control by the control device 7 may be optimized by feedback or learning as appropriate.
The shaking of the building BL is not limited to earthquake motion but also includes vibrations caused by wind.
The vibration damping device 1 can be installed at an arbitrary place of the building BL, and the number of installations is various. Moreover, the format of the brace B which connects the damping device 1 does not need to be unified, and various types of braces B may be mixed. Further, the vibration damping device 1 method (shaft stiffness variable method, shaft length variable method) does not need to be unified, and a plurality of vibration damping devices 1 may be mixed.
The shaft stiffness variable device is not limited to the MR damper and may be a mechanical mechanism device. The shaft length variable device is not limited to an electric actuator but may be a hydraulic actuator or the like.
The configuration in the above embodiment is an example of the present invention, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, such as replacing the component of the embodiment with a known component.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A, 1B ... Damping device 5 ... Damping system 6 ... Vibration sensor 7 ... Control device 10 ... Damping part 20 ... Axial direction variable part BL ... Building P ... Pillar Pa ... Base Br1 ... Y type brace (brace )
Br2 ... single brace (brace)
Br1a ... Top Br2a ... Upper brace member (connecting member)
Br2b: Lower brace member (connecting member)

Claims (7)

In a vibration damping device interposed between two members capable of relative displacement of a building,
An attenuating part having an axial attenuating characteristic between the two members; and an axially variable part capable of varying at least one of the axial rigidity and length, the axially variable part and the damping Damping device in which parts are connected in series.   The vibration control device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration control device is connected to a brace of a building.   The vibration damping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the axial direction variable portion is an MR damper.   The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the axial direction variable portion is an electric actuator.   The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the damping portion is any one of an oil damper, a viscous damper, a viscoelastic damper, a steel damper, and a friction damper.   The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the attenuation portion is a connecting member that connects the axially variable portion to a building.   The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, a vibration sensor that detects vibration of the building, and a control device that operates the axial direction variable unit based on a detection result of the vibration sensor; , Equipped with vibration control system.

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