JP2017028869A - Supply and demand plan creation device, program - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To reduce the contract power and thereby reduce the basic charge by leveling the received power of the system. An optimization unit 18 uses, as an objective function for evaluation of an operation schedule of a generator or the like, a power generation cost by a generator in a predetermined period, a power purchase cost of system received power, and a maximum value of system received power. / Use the one that minimizes the total cost due to the cost according to the minimum value. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply and demand plan creation method.

  Electricity demand changes from moment to moment depending on various factors such as the season, time of day, day of the week, etc., but if the balance between electricity demand and supply is disrupted, power system frequency and voltage changes, power outages, etc. occur and are stable. Troubles in the supply of power.

Therefore, it is important to control the power system so that power demand is accurately predicted and the balance between demand and supply is maintained.
As described above, in the operation of the power system, the operation cost (= generator power generation cost + power purchase fee−power sale fee) is minimized after considering various operation constraints with respect to the predicted power demand. Develop and operate a supply and demand plan.

In recent years, with the spread of distributed power sources using renewable energy such as sunlight and wind power, the spread of storage batteries is also progressing, and it has become a presence that cannot be ignored when considering supply and demand plans.
For this reason, an optimization planning method that considers the constraints of the storage battery has been considered. For example, in the invention of Patent Document 1, in the power system including the storage battery, the operation cost (= the power generation cost of the generator + the power purchase fee−the power sale). A method for formulating a supply and demand plan that minimizes the price) has been proposed.

  In general, the monthly electricity charge (electricity purchase charge) that a customer purchases from an electric power company is the “basic charge” determined by the size of contracted electric power (ampere) and the “electric energy” calculated by the amount of electric power used. This is the total price. Electricity rate contracts between electric power companies and customers are contracted with contracted power that does not exceed the customer's maximum demand throughout the year. In other words, in order to lower the basic charge, it is important to reduce the maximum demand of the customer throughout the year.

  As is well known, when the consumer is a general household, the breaker drops when the maximum demand of the consumer exceeds the contract power even if it is temporary. On the other hand, in the case of a factory or the like, a penalty is imposed if the maximum demand of the customer exceeds the contract power.

  The purpose of introducing a storage battery to control the electricity charge of the consumer is to reduce the maximum demand by leveling the load, thereby lowering the contract power itself and making a contract with a low “basic charge”.

Japanese Patent No. 5540698

  However, in the conventional method of Patent Document 1, “electricity charge” calculated based on daily power consumption is taken into consideration in the electricity charge, but it does not take into account the reduction of the annual maximum demand of consumers. There is a possibility that the “basic charge” determined by the size of contracted power will not drop.

  Many of the electric power systems have low loads and low charges at night (low power charge unit price) and high loads and high charges during the day (high power charge unit price). There is a possibility that the plan for load leveling by the storage battery is output and the contract power is lowered. However, in the future, when the types of loads are diversified with the spread of further distributed power sources, load leveling may not be expected with the method described in Patent Document 1.

  An object of the present invention relates to a power generation facility in a power system including a power generation facility and a power storage facility, an apparatus for creating a supply and demand plan for the power storage facility, etc., and reduces the contract power by leveling the power received by the system. In other words, it is possible to provide a supply and demand plan creation device, a program, and the like that can reduce the overall cost by reducing the basic charge.

  The supply and demand plan creation apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus that generates an operation schedule of a generator and a storage battery in a predetermined future period with respect to an electric power system including a generator, a storage battery, and a load facility, and has the following configuration.

Load power prediction means for predicting load power that is power consumed by the load facility during the predetermined period;
The generator and the storage battery using a first objective function related to the power generation cost by the generator, the power purchase cost of the system received power and the cost according to the maximum value / minimum value of the system received power in the predetermined period An operation schedule generation unit that generates an operation schedule of the generator and storage battery that minimizes the first objective function based on various constraint conditions related to the load power prediction value obtained by the load power prediction unit.

  According to the supply and demand plan creation device, the program, etc. of the present invention, it relates to a power generation facility in a power system including a power generation facility and a storage facility, and a device that creates a supply and demand plan for the storage facility. The overall cost can be reduced by lowering the contract power so that the basic charge can be reduced.

It is a system configuration figure of the electric power system plan creation device of this example. It is a figure which shows the specific example of electric power demand performance DB. It is a specific example of a weather results DB.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of the power system plan creation device 10 of this example.
Note that, among the configurations of the illustrated power system plan creation device 10, there may be configurations that may be substantially the same as the configurations of Patent Document 1 and the prior application (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-114945). For example, there is a configuration that may be substantially the same as the configuration of FIG. From the above, the configuration shown in FIG. 1 may be substantially the same as the configuration of the above-mentioned prior application, Patent Document 1 or the like, and may be simply described, and may not be described in detail. To do.

  The power system plan creation device 10 has various DBs (databases), such as a power demand record DB 11, a weather record DB 12, a generator characteristic DB 13, a storage battery characteristic DB 14, and an operation constraint DB 15. The power system plan creation device 10 includes various processing function units such as a power demand prediction unit 16, an objective function / constraint condition generation unit 17, and an optimization unit 18.

  The power system plan creation device 10 is a device that creates a supply and demand plan for a power generation facility and a power storage facility in a power system including a power generation facility (not shown), a power storage facility (not shown), and a load facility (not shown). This power system is provided, for example, in a facility (factory or the like) of an arbitrary consumer. The power generation facility (generator) is basically an internal combustion power generation facility (thermal power generation facility) or the like, but is not limited to this example.

  The consumer covers the power demand from the load facility with the power generation facility or the like, but may purchase power from the outside. The external power purchase is, for example, the purchase of grid received power by an electric power company. As described above, a consumer contracts with an electric power company in advance with an arbitrary contract power, and also pays a “basic charge” determined by the size of the contract power. In this method, it is possible to reduce the overall cost by reducing the contract power and thereby reducing the basic charge by leveling the received power of the system. Details will be described later.

  The power system plan creation device 10 is realized on a general-purpose computer device such as a personal computer or a server device. Therefore, although not shown in particular, a hardware configuration of a general personal computer or the like is provided. For example, a CPU, a storage unit such as a memory and a hard disk, a communication function unit, and the like are provided. A predetermined application program is stored in the storage unit in advance. When the CPU executes this application program, for example, processing functions of various functional units such as the power demand prediction unit 16, the objective function / constraint condition generation unit 17, and the optimization unit 18 are realized.

  The communication function unit (not shown) can communicate with other computers via a network (not shown) to acquire power demand data and weather data (results, forecasts, etc.).

  The electric power system plan creation apparatus 10 uses the stored data of the various DBs (databases) 11 to 15 to execute the processes of the various functional units 16 to 18. A power generation plan of the internal combustion power generation facility) and a charge / discharge plan of a storage battery (not shown) are generated.

  As described above, although not particularly illustrated, the power system plan creation device 10 of the present example includes, for example, the above-described Patent Document 1, a prior application (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-114945), and a reference (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-94649). Similarly, an operation schedule (power generation plan and charge / discharge plan) for these generators and storage batteries is generated for a power system having a generator (internal combustion power generation facility) and a storage battery. However, unlike the prior application and the like, the target power system may not have a renewable energy power generation facility (solar power generation or the like), and is described as not being the present example, but is not limited to this example.

  The power generation plan and the charge / discharge plan (sometimes collectively referred to as a supply power plan) are data for each predetermined unit time in a predetermined future time range (predetermined period). This unit time is, for example, a unit of 30 minutes or a unit of one hour, and can be arbitrarily set by a user or the like. The predetermined time range (predetermined period) is, for example, one day (24 hours), one week, or the like, and the user can arbitrarily set the time range.

  Here, the power demand record DB 11 may be substantially the same as the load DB 16 of the prior application (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-114945), and the weather record DB 12 may be substantially similar to the weather DB 17 of the prior application. The prediction unit 16 may be substantially the same as the load prediction unit 11 of the prior application. First, these will be briefly described below.

(1) Electricity demand record DB11
The power system plan creation device 10 acquires the actual value of power demand every predetermined time unit, and accumulates it in the power demand result DB 11. The power system plan creation device 10, for example, obtains the actual value (measured value, etc.) of a load (power demand) of each consumer (factory, etc.) (not shown) from an external device / equipment (not shown). And the like are acquired every predetermined unit time (every 30 minutes, every hour, etc.) and stored in the power demand record DB 11.

  For example, from a power measurement device (not shown) installed in each load facility (not shown), a measured value (power consumption by the load facility) obtained by the power measurement device is periodically acquired via a communication network (not shown). And you may accumulate | store in electric power demand performance DB11. At that time, the sum of power consumption by all load facilities may be calculated and stored in the power demand record DB 11 as the power demand record value. In addition, you may consider that "electric power demand" of this example is synonymous with "load electric power" in a prior application.

  As the unit time, an arbitrary value such as 30 minutes or 60 minutes can be set by the user or the like. In the power demand record DB 11, record values of loads (power demand) per unit time are stored in association with dates and time zones.

FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the power demand record DB 11 when the unit time is 60 minutes.
The power demand record DB 11 includes data items such as a date 21, a time zone 22, and a load power record value 23 shown in the figure, for example. For each date 21 and time zone 22, the load power actual value 23 which is the acquired power demand actual value is stored. The time zone 22 corresponds to the unit time, and in the example shown in the figure, it is in units of 60 minutes (one hour unit).

(2) Weather results DB12
The power system plan creation device 10 acquires the actual values / forecasts of weather data every predetermined unit time and accumulates them in the weather results DB 12. For example, as in the previous application, weather data may be acquired from a weather server (not shown) via a network (not shown), but the present invention is not limited to this example.

  The meteorological data is actual data / forecast data such as temperature and humidity. As the unit time, an arbitrary value such as 30 minutes or 60 minutes can be set by the user or the like. The weather record DB 12 stores weather record values for each unit time. That is, the actual weather value is stored in association with the date and the time zone. An example of the weather record DB 12 when the unit time is 60 minutes (one hour unit) is shown in FIG.

  The weather record DB 12 includes data items such as a date 31, a time zone 32, and a temperature record 33, for example. For each date 31 and time zone 32, past temperature data, which is an example of the acquired weather data, stores a temperature actual value 33. The time zone 32 corresponds to the predetermined unit time, and in the illustrated example, it is in units of 60 minutes (one hour unit).

  Basically, weather forecast data (not shown) (meteorological forecast values (predicted values of temperature, etc.) on the prediction target day) not shown is also stored in the weather performance DB 12. The prediction target date is an example of the predetermined future period.

(3) Electric power demand prediction unit 16
The power demand prediction unit 16 uses the power demand record stored in the power demand record DB 11, the weather record stored in the weather record DB 12, and the weather forecast value for the prediction target day to determine the unit in the future predetermined period. Predict hourly power demand. The future predetermined period (date of prediction, etc.) is, for example, the next day (24 hours), and the unit time is set to the same interval as the power demand record DB 11 and the weather record DB 12 (that is, in this example, one hour unit).

  As a method for predicting power demand, various methods can be used according to the form of demand. For example, there are various methods such as the method of making it the same as the past actual value of the same day of the week as the prediction target day, the method of making it the same as the actual value the day before the prediction target day, and the method of modeling the relationship between power demand and temperature by a neural network Can be used.

  For example, the processing of the power demand prediction unit 16 is considered to have disclosed substantially the same function in the above-mentioned prior application (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-114945), Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-82932, and the like. It doesn't matter. For example, the process of the power demand prediction unit 16 may be substantially the same as the process of the load prediction unit 11 described in the prior application. Therefore, the details of the processing of the power demand prediction unit 16 are not particularly described here.

  The objective function / constraint condition generation unit 17 uses the power demand prediction value obtained by the processing of the power demand prediction unit 16 and the stored data of various databases such as the generator characteristic DB 13, the storage battery characteristic DB 14, and the operation restriction DB 15. The objective function value and the constraint condition are calculated. This processing itself and the data stored in each database (13, 14, 15) may be the same as those in Patent Document 1 and the prior application, and will not be described in detail. The objective function to be performed is different from the conventional one (Patent Document 1, prior application, etc.). The objective function will be described later. First, the data stored in each of the databases (13, 14, 15) will be briefly described with specific examples.

(4) Generator characteristic DB13
The generator characteristic DB 13 is a DB (database) for storing predetermined characteristic data of each generator used when creating a power generation plan. Examples of the characteristics of the generator include the following characteristics, but are not limited to these examples.

-Fuel cost characteristics-Startup cost characteristics-Output lower limit value-Output upper limit value-Output change rate lower limit-Output change rate upper limit-Minimum continuous stop time-Minimum continuous operation time

(5) Battery characteristics DB14
The storage battery characteristic DB 14 is a DB (database) that stores predetermined characteristic data of each storage battery used when creating a charge / discharge plan. As characteristics of the storage battery, for example, the following characteristics are listed as specific examples, but the characteristics are not limited to these examples.

・ Charging loss ・ Charging power lower limit value ・ Charging power upper limit value ・ Discharge power lower limit value ・ Discharge power upper limit value ・ Charging energy lower limit ・ Charging energy upper limit

(6) Operation restriction DB 15
The operation constraint DB 15 is a DB (database) that stores various constraint conditions to be considered when creating a power generation plan and a charge / discharge plan. As a constraint condition, the following various constraints are generally considered. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and other constraints can also be considered.

(A) Supply-demand balance constraints
However,
Dt: predicted power demand at time t
P _{i, t} : Power generation output of generator i at time t
BD _{j, t} : Discharge power of storage battery j at time t
BC _{j, t} : Charging power of storage battery j at time t
vd _{j, t} : discharge mode flag of storage battery j at time t (0: charge mode, 1: discharge mode)
vc _{j, t} : Charge mode flag of storage battery j at time t (0: discharge mode, 1: charge mode)
P _Bt : Power received at time t of system power reception

(B) Generator output upper and lower limit constraints
However,
P _i ^min : Output lower limit value of generator i
P _i ^max : Output upper limit value of generator i

(C) Generator output change rate upper and lower limit constraints
However,
ΔP _i ^downmax : Maximum downward change rate of generator _i ΔP _i ^upmax : Maximum upward change rate of generator i

(D) Generator minimum continuous stop constraint
However,
u _{i, t} : Start / stop variable at time t of generator i (0: stop, 1: run)
mint _i : Minimum continuous stop time of generator i

(E) Generator minimum continuous operation restriction
However,
minr _i : Minimum continuous operation time of generator i

(F) Storage battery charge / discharge upper and lower limit constraints
However,
HG _{j, t} : Charging power of storage battery j at time t
HG _j ^min : Lower limit of charging power of storage battery j
HG _j ^max : Upper limit of charging power of storage battery j
HP _{j, t} : Discharge power of storage battery j at time t
HP _j ^min : discharge power lower limit value of storage battery j
HP _j ^max : Upper limit of discharge power of storage battery j

(G) Storage battery charge power upper and lower limit constraints
However,
LH _j ^min : Lower limit of charge energy of storage battery j
LH _j ^max : Upper limit value of charge energy of storage battery j

(7) Objective function / constraint condition generation unit 17
The objective function / constraint condition generation unit 17 is used for the optimization calculation by using various data of various DBs (databases) such as the power demand record DB11, the weather record DB12, the generator characteristic DB13, the storage battery characteristic DB14, and the operation constraint DB15. Generate objective functions and constraints.

  The objective function may be used by selecting one of a plurality of preset objective functions. As an example, one of objective function A and objective function B, which will be described later, is selected. However, it is not limited to this example. A specific example of this selection process will be described later.

(8) Optimization unit 18
The optimization unit 18 generates a power generation plan and charge / discharge so that the objective function is minimized based on the constraint conditions generated by the objective function / constraint condition generation unit 17 with respect to the power demand predicted by the power demand prediction unit 16. Create a plan. As the optimization method, various methods can be used depending on the form of the objective function and the constraint condition. For example, linear programming, quadratic programming, and various metaheuristic techniques can be used.

  In any case, the processing itself of the objective function / constraint condition generation unit 17 and the optimization unit 18 may be an existing method and will not be described in detail here. The processing method described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-114945) may be used.

  For example, the optimization unit 18 uses the objective function and the constraint condition generated by the objective function / constraint condition generation unit 17 to generate a generator operation plan and a storage battery that minimize the objective function (total cost) while satisfying the constraint condition. The optimal solution is obtained with the plan variable of the charge / discharge plan as the decision variable.

  In general, the optimization method based on the search of the decision variable calculates the objective function value for the set decision variable, and based on the result, anything that brings the decision variable closer to the optimum value from the previous value. The decision variable is adjusted based on these rules. When the set decision variable does not satisfy the constraint condition, the decision variable is adjusted in a direction that satisfies the constraint condition. The objective function value is calculated again based on the adjusted decision variable, and the result is evaluated repeatedly. By repeating this, the decision variable approaches the optimum value, and if the calculated objective function value satisfies the optimum condition, it is determined that the decision variable has converged to the optimum solution, and the process ends.

  Or the optimization part 18 determines arbitrarily the candidate of a power generation schedule, the candidate of a charging / discharging schedule etc., for example so that the said various restrictions conditions may be satisfy | filled. For example, schedule candidates are determined so as to maintain the following restriction items (supply / demand balance) at each point in the planning target period (predetermined future period).

Estimated total demand power = generator generated power total + storage battery charge / discharge total + purchased power total And, by repeatedly performing the evaluation using the objective function for the schedule candidate, the highest evaluation ( Schedule candidates that minimize the value of the objective function are determined as the power generation plan and the charge / discharge plan.

  The schedule candidates may be determined so as to satisfy various constraint conditions other than the supply / demand balance. Alternatively, after determining the schedule candidate so as to maintain the supply and demand balance, it is determined whether or not the schedule candidate satisfies various constraint conditions other than the supply and demand balance. The schedule candidate may not be selected by increasing the value.

  For example, the effective power output value of each generator included in the schedule candidate and the electric energy charge of the grid received power (electricity charge for power purchase) are expressed by an objective function A or an objective function B described later (expressions other than min) ) To calculate the objective function value (cost value corresponding to the schedule candidate). This is repeated to determine when the objective function value is the smallest (this means min), and the schedule candidates used at that time are determined as the power generation plan and the charge / discharge plan.

In the prior art, for example, the above processing is performed using an objective function A described later. In the case of a specific example of the objective function A to be described later, for example, the plan period (predetermined future period) is 24 hours on the next day, and the schedule candidates in units of one hour are arbitrarily generated. The schedule candidate, P _Gi in a specific example of the objective function A to be described later (t) (t = 1~24) is, will be included, P _Gi and (t) (t = 1~24) This is substituted for the objective function A.

  In addition, for each time zone t (t = 1 to 24), the sum of the active power output values of all the generators is obtained, and if this is less than the predicted load value in that time zone t, the shortage is received as the system received power. It will be supplemented with. That is, the shortage will be purchased from the outside, and the cost (electricity charge) according to the amount of power received by the grid power received for each time zone t (t = 1 to 24) will be the objective function A described later. Although it is an example of PBcost (t) in a specific example, it is not limited to this example.

  Then, a minimum value and a maximum value within a predetermined period are obtained from the power purchase amount of the system received power for each time period t (t = 1 to 24), and these values are PB (t) in the objective function B described later. min, PB (t) max. For example, a minimum value can be considered when t = 5, and a maximum value can be considered when t = 14.

However, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the values of PB (t) min and PB (t) max may be arbitrarily (randomly) generated.
It should be noted that, for example, the amount of power received from the grid power purchased from an electric power company must not exceed the contract power determined in advance by the contract even if it is temporary. In other words, the peak value of the system received power needs to be equal to or less than the contract power. However, as explained in the background art, if the contract power is high, the “basic charge” becomes high. In this method, instead of the objective function A, the objective function B described later can be used to suppress the peak value of the system received power, thereby reducing the contract power, thereby reducing the “basic charge”. I can expect. By reducing the “basic charge”, it can be expected that the overall cost will be lowered even if the power generation cost by the generator rises somewhat.

As already described, even though the processing of the optimization unit 18 is substantially the same as the conventional one, the objective function to be used is different from the conventional one. This will be described below using a specific example.
First, it can be considered that the objective function used in the past basically uses the following objective function A. Note that the objective function A may be regarded as an extraction of a basic part of the objective function disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to this example, and a charge loss cost of the storage battery may be added.

* "Objective function A"

Where Gi is the generator number, Gn is the number of generators, P _Gi (t) is the active power output value of the Gi generator at time t, a _Gi , b _Gi , and c _Gi are the active power and cost of the generator Gi Is a coefficient indicating the relationship. Since the cost is approximated by a quadratic function of the active power output of the generator, such a formulation is performed.

  Further, PBcost (t) is the amount of grid power received at time t. PBcost (t) is a power purchase cost, which is a purchase cost of grid received power (power purchase cost from outside; power purchase cost from a power company).

As an example, at each time t, if the estimated total power demand is greater than the total power generated by the generator (the sum of P _Gi (t)) and the amount discharged by the storage battery and the total value, Although purchased from outside (system power), it is not limited to this example. For example, if R (t) is the amount of power shortage at time t (power purchase amount) and j is the unit price of power purchase, then PBcost (t) = R (t) × j.

It can be said that the objective function A is intended to minimize the total value (total cost) of “the power generation cost by the generator” and “the purchase cost of the grid received power (electricity charge)”.
Thus, in the objective function A, the “electricity charge” calculated based on the daily power consumption in the electricity charge is taken into consideration, but the maximum annual demand of the consumers that is important for reducing the basic charge We do not consider the reduction. The annual maximum demand is a load value when the most substantial load (electric power demand) is large throughout the year. The substantial load (power demand) means, for example, a load viewed from the power company side. Therefore, even if the load by the load facility of the consumer is large, if the load can be covered by the generator and the storage battery, the substantial load (power demand) can be considered as “0”.

  It is necessary that the substantial load value does not exceed the contracted power value corresponding to the basic charge even temporarily. In other words, it can be expected that the contract power value will be lowered by creating a power generation plan, etc., so that the maximum value of the grid received power within the planning period will be as small as possible, thus lowering the basic charge. I can expect that.

Therefore, it is proposed to use the following objective function B in this method.
Here, the following three types are proposed as the objective function B. That is, the following three types of objective function B-1, objective function B-2, and objective function B-3 are proposed. Any of the three types may be used, but the objective function B-1 is considered to be most effective. Further, the objective function B is not always used, and it may be used separately from the objective function A according to some condition (time etc.). This will be described later.

* "Objective function B-1"

* "Objective function B-2"

* "Objective function B-3"

Where Gi is the generator number, Gn is the number of generators, P _Gi (t) is the active power output value of the Gi generator at time t, a _Gi , b _Gi , and c _Gi are the active power and cost of the generator Gi Is a coefficient indicating the relationship. P _B (t) is the received power at the time t of system power reception, and PBcost (t) is the power charge (usage charge) of the system received power at time t. Further, k and s are penalty coefficients, for example, coefficients for converting power values into costs (charges), and may be arbitrarily determined and set by a developer or the like. PB (t) max is the maximum value within the planned period of the system received power, and PB (t) min is the minimum value within the planned period of the system received power. Note that k ≠ s or k = s.

  From the above, the objective function B-1 is regarded as an objective function A with the term “k (PB (t) max−PB (t) min) + sPB (t) max” added. Good. Similarly, the objective function B-2 may be regarded as an addition of the term “sPB (t) max” to the objective function A. The objective function B-3 may be regarded as an addition of the term “k (PB (t) max−PB (t) min)” to the objective function A.

  The objective function B-1 can reduce the maximum value of the system received power within the planning period by the term “k (PB (t) max−PB (t) min) + sPB (t) max”. At the same time, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value becomes small, and it becomes possible to contribute to leveling the load form when the fluctuation is large. Contract power can be lowered by reducing the maximum value of the grid power reception power, and thus the basic charge of electricity charges can be expected to be lowered.

  In addition, the objective function B-2 can reduce the maximum value of the system received power within the planned period by the term “sPB (t) max”, and thereby the contract power can be lowered. Therefore, it can be expected to lower the basic electricity bill. Moreover, it can be expected that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is reduced as the maximum value is reduced, and thus it is possible to contribute to the leveling of the system received power.

  Further, the objective function B-3 is leveled with respect to the load form when the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value becomes small and the fluctuation is large due to the term “k (PB (t) max−PB (t) min)”. It becomes possible to contribute to. In addition, the possibility that the maximum value can be reduced can be expected by reducing the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value.

  As described above, the objective function B minimizes the total cost of the power generation cost by the generator, the power purchase cost of the system received power, and the cost according to the maximum value / minimum value of the system received power in a predetermined period. It is. The objective function B is determined according to the power generation cost and the power purchase cost of the grid received power in the predetermined period, and “the maximum value of the grid received power” or / and “the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value”. The total cost due to the cost to be saved is minimized.

  In this description, “/” means an OR condition (“or” or “or”). Therefore, the above “or / and” means “or OR”. Thus, the above “cost according to the maximum value of the grid received power” and / or “cost according to the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value” means one of the following three types. .

・ “Cost according to the maximum value of the grid power”
・ "Cost according to the difference between the maximum and minimum values"
・ "Cost according to the maximum value of the grid received power" and "Cost according to the difference between the maximum value and minimum value"

  It can be said that all of the objective functions B-1, B-2, and B-3 are intended to level the system received power. In other words, both the suppression of the maximum value (peak value) of the system received power and the reduction of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the system received power are considered to achieve leveling of the system received power. I can do it. As a result, the contract power can be reduced, and thus the basic charge can be reduced, so that the overall cost can be reduced.

In addition, from the above, the objective function A minimizes the total cost due to the power generation cost by the generator and the power purchase cost of the system received power in the predetermined period.
Here, as already described, in this method, the objective function B is not always used, and either the objective function A or the objective function B may be selectively used.

  For example, as an example, a method for selectively using the objective function A and the objective function B according to the time is presented. The objective function B has an effect of reducing the daily maximum demand, and is therefore effective in reducing contract power. However, in order to reduce the maximum daily demand, there is a problem that there is a possibility that a plan that is disadvantageous to the operation cost compared to the objective function A may be made.

  Contract power is generally determined by the annual maximum demand of the customer. Therefore, if the maximum demand during the year when demand is high (for example, summer and winter) can be reduced by using the objective function B, the contract power can be reduced. Is valid. However, during periods other than summer and winter, that is, spring and autumn, the maximum demand is reduced by the objective function B, but it is better to minimize the operation cost by the objective function A than to create a plan that is disadvantageous to the operation cost. This leads to overall cost reduction.

  Based on the above, the past demand record stored in the power demand record DB 11 is analyzed by, for example, a computer, the day when the annual maximum demand occurs is detected, and a predetermined period including this day (for example, this day, for example) Dozens of days before or after, or the month in which this day is included and the period of several months before and after that), that is, a predetermined period including the date of occurrence of annual maximum demand is determined as the application period of objective function B. Decides to use the objective function A.

  Of course, this is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this example. In any case, it is possible to automatically determine the application period of the objective function B and the application period of the objective function A within one year by using any method. By using the objective function A and the objective function B separately, Overall cost reduction can be realized.

  As described above, the power system plan creation device 10 of the present example uses the power generation facility in the power system including the power generation facility and the power storage facility based on the predicted value of the power consumption of the load facility during the target period of the supply and demand plan. A power supply / demand plan creation device that performs a power supply / demand plan for a power storage facility, and can reduce or minimize the operating costs of a power generation facility and a power storage facility while reducing contract power. As a result, it is possible to reduce the basic charge while balancing the generated power and the power demand, and to create a power supply and demand plan that can further achieve a cost reduction effect.

  According to the present invention, by performing load leveling with a storage battery with a certain degree of forcing, it is possible to minimize costs by reducing contract power and thus lowering basic charges.

10 Power system plan creation device 11 Power demand record DB
12 Weather DB
13 Generator characteristics DB
14 Battery characteristics DB
15 Operation Constraint DB
16 Power demand prediction unit 17 Objective function / constraint condition generation unit 18 Optimization unit 21 Date 22 Time zone 23 Actual load power value 31 Date 32 Time zone 33 Actual temperature value

Claims (10)

Regarding an electric power system including a generator, a storage battery, and a load facility, an apparatus for generating an operation schedule of the generator and the storage battery in a predetermined period in the future,
Load power prediction means for predicting load power, which is power consumption by the load facility during the predetermined period;
Using the first objective function relating to the power generation cost by the generator, the power purchase cost of the grid received power, and the cost according to the maximum / minimum value of the grid received power in the predetermined period, the generator and the storage battery Based on various constraint conditions and the load power prediction value obtained by the load power prediction means, an operation schedule generation means for generating an operation schedule of the generator and storage battery that minimizes the first objective function;
A supply and demand plan creation device characterized by comprising:   The first objective function is a cost according to a difference between the power generation cost, the power purchase cost of the grid received power, and / or the maximum value or / and the maximum value and minimum value of the grid received power in the predetermined period. The supply and demand plan creation device according to claim 1, wherein the total cost due to is minimized. The first objective function is
The supply and demand plan creation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The first objective function is
The supply and demand plan creation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The first objective function is
The supply and demand plan creation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The operation schedule generation means includes
It further has a second objective function related to the power generation cost by the generator and the power purchase cost of the grid received power, and selects and uses either the first objective function or the second objective function The supply and demand plan creation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The supply and demand plan according to claim 6, wherein the second objective function minimizes the total cost of the power generation cost by the generator and the power purchase cost of the grid received power during the predetermined period. Creation device. The second objective function is
The supply and demand plan creation device according to claim 7, wherein: The operation schedule generation means selects and uses one of the first objective function and the second objective function,
9. The supply and demand plan creation device according to claim 1, wherein the selection of the first objective function and the second objective function is determined based on a day when the annual maximum demand occurs. Regarding a power system including a generator, a storage battery, and a load facility, a computer that generates an operation schedule of the generator and the storage battery in a predetermined period in the future,
Load power prediction means for predicting load power, which is power consumption by the load facility during the predetermined period;
Using the first objective function relating to the power generation cost by the generator, the power purchase cost of the grid received power, and the cost according to the maximum / minimum value of the grid received power in the predetermined period, the generator and the storage battery Based on various constraint conditions and the load power prediction value obtained by the load power prediction means, an operation schedule generation means for generating an operation schedule of the generator and storage battery that minimizes the first objective function;
Program to function as.