JP2017072124A - Exhaust heat recovery system - Google Patents

Abstract

An exhaust heat recovery system capable of improving the energy utilization rate of a power generation system is provided. According to one embodiment, an exhaust heat recovery system recovers exhaust heat of a power generation system. The power generation system includes: a first heat source fluid; a second heat source fluid heated by the heat of the first heat source fluid; a fluid flow path that conveys at least the working fluid of the working fluid; and the working fluid is expanded. And an expander that is rotationally driven, and a condenser that condenses the working fluid. The exhaust heat recovery system includes a water flow path that supplies water to the condenser, cools the working fluid with the water in the condenser, and transports the water at a first temperature discharged from the condenser. To do. The exhaust heat recovery system further heats the water from the water flow path using the first heat source fluid, the second heat source fluid, or the working fluid, and the water at a second temperature used as hot water. A heater for producing or producing steam is provided. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an exhaust heat recovery system.

  FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first example of a configuration of a conventional power generation system.

  The power generation system of FIG. 25 includes a heat source fluid heater 1, a heat source fluid pump 2, a heat source fluid flow path 3, an evaporator 4, a working fluid pump 5, a working fluid flow path 6, an expander 7, A generator 8, a condenser 9, a cooling water pump 11, a cooling water flow path 12, a cooling tower 13, a blower 14, and an air introduction part 15 are provided.

  The heat source fluid is conveyed by the heat source fluid pump 2 through the heat source fluid flow path 3 and heated by the heat source fluid heater 1. An example of the heat source fluid heater 1 is a small biomass boiler that burns biomass fuel such as wood chips, and an example of the heat source fluid is gas or liquid water. In this case, the heat source fluid heater 1 heats liquid water with combustion exhaust gas generated by burning biomass fuel, and changes the liquid water to gaseous water (steam). Another example of the heat source fluid heater 1 is a solar heat collector, and an example of the heat source fluid in this case is a heat transfer oil. Furthermore, another example of the heat source fluid heater 1 is an exhaust heat recovery unit that recovers factory exhaust heat and the like, and an example of the heat source fluid in this case is water. The heat source fluid discharged from the heat source fluid heater 1 flows into the evaporator 4, and the temperature is lowered by heating the working fluid in the evaporator 4. The heat source fluid circulates between the heat source fluid heater 1 and the evaporator 4 via the heat source fluid flow path 3.

  The liquid working fluid is conveyed by the working fluid pump 5 through the working fluid flow path 6, heated by the evaporator 4, and changed into a gaseous working fluid. That is, the working fluid evaporates. An example of the working fluid is a low boiling point medium such as Freon. The working fluid discharged from the evaporator 4 flows into the expander 7, expands in the expander 7, and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. An example of the expander 7 is a turbine. The rotating shaft of the expander 7 is connected to the generator 8, and the generator 8 generates electric power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. The working fluid decreases in pressure and temperature in the expander 7, is discharged from the expander 7, and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by the cooling water in the condenser 9 and changes to a liquid working fluid. That is, the working fluid is condensed. The working fluid circulates between the evaporator 4, the expander 7, and the condenser 9 through the working fluid flow path 6.

  The cooling water is conveyed by the cooling water pump 11 via the cooling water flow path 12 and heated by the condensation heat of the working fluid in the condenser 9. The cooling water discharged from the condenser 9 is cooled by the atmosphere in the cooling tower 13. The cooling water circulates between the condenser 9 and the cooling tower 13 via the cooling water channel 12.

  The blower 14 conveys the air introduced from the air introduction unit 15 to the cooling tower 13. This atmosphere is heated in the cooling tower 13 by the condensation heat absorbed by the cooling water. Therefore, the heat of condensation of the working fluid is given to the atmosphere via the cooling water and released to the outside by the atmosphere.

  The cycle in which the working fluid circulates is the Rankine cycle. The power generation system in FIG. 25 is called a binary turbine system because it uses two types of heat media, a heat source fluid and a working fluid.

  FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second example of a configuration of a conventional power generation system. In FIG. 26, the same or similar components as those shown in FIG. 25 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description overlapping with the description of FIG. 25 is omitted (the same applies to the third and fourth examples described later). .

  The power generation system of FIG. 26 includes a heat source fluid heater 21, a heat source fluid pump 22, and a heat source fluid flow path 23 in addition to the components shown in FIG. In the description of FIG. 26, the components denoted by reference numerals 1 to 3 are referred to as the first heat source fluid heater 1, the first heat source fluid pump 2, and the first heat source fluid flow path 3. Are referred to as a second heat source fluid heater 21, a second heat source fluid pump 22, and a second heat source fluid flow path 23. In addition, the heat source fluid conveyed through the first heat source fluid flow path 3 is referred to as a first heat source fluid, and the heat source fluid conveyed through the second heat source fluid flow path 23 is referred to as a second heat source fluid.

  The first heat source fluid is conveyed by the first heat source fluid pump 2 via the first heat source fluid flow path 3 and heated by the first heat source fluid heater 1. The first heat source fluid discharged from the first heat source fluid heater 1 flows into the second heat source fluid heater 21 and heats the second heat source fluid in the second heat source fluid heater 21 to increase the temperature. descend. The first heat source fluid circulates between the first heat source fluid heater 1 and the second heat source fluid heater 21 via the first heat source fluid flow path 3.

  The second heat source fluid is transported by the second heat source fluid pump 22 via the second heat source fluid flow path 23 and heated by the second heat source fluid heater 21. Examples of the second heat source fluid are heat transfer oil and water. The second heat source fluid discharged from the second heat source fluid heater 21 flows into the evaporator 4, and the temperature is lowered by heating the working fluid in the evaporator 4. The second heat source fluid circulates between the second heat source fluid heater 21 and the evaporator 4 via the second heat source fluid flow path 23.

  Here, the power generation systems of FIG. 25 and FIG. 26 will be compared.

  In FIG. 25, since deposits accumulate in the evaporator 4 depending on the components contained in the heat source fluid, the evaporator 4 needs to be frequently disassembled and cleaned. In this case, since the working fluid flow path 6 containing a low boiling point medium such as Freon is decomposed, the decomposition is not desirable. On the other hand, in FIG. 26, not the evaporator 4 but the second heat source fluid heater 21 is disassembled and cleaned, so there is no need to disassemble the working fluid flow path 6.

  FIG. 27 is a supplementary diagram for explaining a conventional power generation system. FIG. 27 shows a part of the power generation system of FIGS. 25 and 26 in the same drawing for convenience of explanation.

  In FIG. 25, the heat source fluid circulates, but it does not need to circulate only by passing through the evaporator 4 as shown in FIG. In this case, an example of the heat source fluid is hot spring water that springs from the ground 10, and the power generation system does not include the heat source fluid heater 1. When the heat source fluid is hot spring water, precipitates are likely to accumulate in the evaporator 4 of FIG. 27, and the evaporator 4 needs to be frequently disassembled and cleaned. At this time, in this example, the working fluid flow path 6 is disassembled.

  Similarly, in FIG. 26, the first heat source fluid circulates, but it does not need to circulate only by passing through the second heat source fluid heater 21 as shown in FIG. In this case, an example of the first heat source fluid is hot spring water that springs from the ground 10, and the power generation system does not include the first heat source fluid heater 1. When the heat source fluid is hot spring water, precipitates are likely to accumulate in the second heat source fluid heater 21 of FIG. 27, and the second heat source fluid heater 21 needs to be frequently disassembled and cleaned. At this time, it is not necessary to disassemble the working fluid flow path 6 in this example.

  FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing a third example of the configuration of a conventional power generation system.

  The power generation system of FIG. 28 does not include the heat source fluid heater 1, the heat source fluid pump 2, the heat source fluid flow path 3, the evaporator 4, and the working fluid pump 5 shown in FIG. The example of the working fluid which flows through the working fluid flow path 6 of FIG. 28 is gas, such as geothermal steam.

  The gaseous working fluid flows into the expander 7 from the working fluid flow path 6 and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. The generator 8 generates power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. Thereafter, the working fluid is discharged from the expander 7 to the working fluid flow path 6 and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by the cooling water of the condenser 9, changes to a liquid working fluid, and is returned to the ground.

  FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fourth example of a configuration of a conventional power generation system.

  The power generation system of FIG. 29 does not include the heat source fluid heater 1, the heat source fluid pump 2, and the heat source fluid flow path 3 shown in FIG. The example of the evaporator 4 in FIG. 29 is a small biomass boiler that burns biomass fuel such as wood chips, and the example of the working fluid flowing through the working fluid flow path 6 in FIG. 29 is gas or liquid water. In this case, the evaporator 4 heats liquid water with combustion exhaust gas generated by burning biomass fuel, and changes the liquid water into gaseous water (steam). Another example of the evaporator 4 is a solar collector that collects solar heat, and an example of the working fluid in this case is gas or liquid chlorofluorocarbon. Further, another example of the evaporator 4 is an exhaust heat recovery unit that recovers factory exhaust heat or the like, and an example of the working fluid in this case is gas or liquid water.

  The liquid working fluid is conveyed by the working fluid pump 5 through the working fluid flow path 6, heated by the evaporator 4, and changed into a gaseous working fluid. The working fluid discharged from the evaporator 4 flows into the expander 7 and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. The generator 8 generates power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. The working fluid is then discharged from the expander 7 and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by the cooling water of the condenser 9 and changes to a liquid working fluid. The working fluid circulates between the evaporator 4, the expander 7, and the condenser 9 through the working fluid flow path 6.

JP 2012-127201 A

  In turbine power generation using hot spring heat, solar heat, small biomass boiler, factory exhaust heat, geothermal steam, and the like as heat sources, the temperature difference before and after the evaporator 4 is small, and the pressure difference before and after the expander 7 is small. Furthermore, since the expander 7 is small in size, the power generation efficiency and energy utilization rate of the power generation system are low.

  The power generation efficiency is a ratio between the heat energy given to the working fluid by the evaporator 4 and the electric energy generated by the generator 8 (see the first, second, and fourth examples). However, the power generation efficiency of the third example is the ratio of the thermal energy that the working fluid initially has to the electrical energy generated by the generator 8.

  In addition, what is referred to as an energy utilization rate in this specification is a ratio between the heat energy that the heat source fluid heater 1 gives to the heat source fluid and the energy that the power generation system uses (first and second). See example). However, the energy utilization rate of the third example is the ratio between the thermal energy that the working fluid initially has and the energy that is used by the power generation system. Further, the energy utilization rate of the fourth example is a ratio between the thermal energy given to the working fluid by the evaporator 4 and the energy utilized by the power generation system. A conventional example of energy used by the power generation system is electrical energy generated by the generator 8.

  For example, the power generation efficiency of the first to fourth examples is 10% or less, and 90% or more of the thermal energy given to the working fluid is released to the cooling water as the heat of condensation of the working fluid. However, the temperature of the cooling water from which the heat of condensation has been recovered is low and its utility value is low. For example, the temperature of the cooling water when the heat of condensation is recovered using tap water as the cooling water is about 30 ° C. Therefore, the heat of condensation of the working fluid in the first to fourth examples is discarded.

  For example, in the power generation system of FIG. 25 (first example), assuming that the heat energy given to the working fluid by the evaporator 4 is 100, the heat energy given to the heat source fluid by the heat source fluid heater 1 is about 100. Further, the rotational energy of the expander 7 is about 10, and the electrical energy generated by the generator 8 is about 10. However, the power consumption of the pumps 2, 5, 11 and the blower 14 is ignored. Therefore, the power generation efficiency is about 10% (10/100), and the energy utilization rate is about 10% (10/100). The same applies to the power generation systems (second to fourth examples) shown in FIGS. 26, 28, and 29.

  Thus, in turbine power generation using heat from hot spring heat, solar heat, small biomass boilers, factory exhaust heat, geothermal steam, etc., energy is wasted. Therefore, it is desirable to improve the energy utilization rate of the power generation system and reduce energy waste.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the waste heat recovery system which can improve the energy utilization factor of an electric power generation system.

  According to one embodiment, the exhaust heat recovery system recovers the exhaust heat of the power generation system. The power generation system carries a first heat source fluid flow path for carrying a first heat source fluid, a second heat source fluid flow path for carrying a second heat source fluid heated by the heat of the first heat source fluid, and a working fluid. At least the working fluid flow path of the working fluid flow path, and the working fluid is conveyed via or without an evaporator that evaporates the working fluid using the first or second heat source fluid. A fluid flow path. The power generation system further includes an expander that expands and rotates the working fluid, a generator connected to a rotation shaft of the expander, and a condenser that condenses the working fluid. The exhaust heat recovery system supplies water to the condenser, cools the working fluid with the water in the condenser, and has a water flow path for transporting the water at the first temperature discharged from the condenser. It has. The exhaust heat recovery system further heats the water from the water flow path using the first heat source fluid, the second heat source fluid, or the working fluid, and the water at a second temperature used as hot water. Or a heater for producing steam.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 5th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 6th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 7th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 8th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 9th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of the modification of 9th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 10th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of the modification of 10th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 11th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 12th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 13th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 14th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 15th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 16th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 17th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 18th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 19th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 20th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 21st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generation system of 22nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 1st example of a structure of the conventional electric power generation system. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 2nd example of a structure of the conventional electric power generation system. It is a supplementary figure for demonstrating the conventional electric power generation system. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 3rd example of a structure of the conventional electric power generation system. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 4th example of a structure of the conventional electric power generation system. It is a supplementary figure for demonstrating the electric power generation system of 1st Embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 24 and 30, the same or similar components as those shown in FIGS. 25 to 29 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description overlapping with the description of FIGS. 25 to 29 is omitted.

(First embodiment)
Drawing 1 is a mimetic diagram showing the composition of the power generation system of a 1st embodiment.

  1 is the same as the power generation system of FIG. 25, the heat source fluid heater 1, the heat source fluid pump 2, the heat source fluid channel 3, the evaporator 4, the working fluid pump 5, the working fluid channel 6, and the expander. 7, a generator 8, and a condenser 9. The power generation system of FIG. 1 further includes a heater 31, a hot water tank 32, a water pump 33, and a water flow path 34 that constitute an exhaust heat recovery system that recovers exhaust heat of the power generation system.

  The heat source fluid (first heat source fluid) is conveyed by the heat source fluid pump 2 via the heat source fluid flow path 3 and heated by the heat source fluid heater 1. The heat source fluid of this embodiment is heated in the heat source fluid heater 1 that acquires heat from the heat source of the non-fossil fuel. Examples of such a heat source fluid heater 1 are a small biomass boiler using biomass fuel as a heat source, a solar heat collector using solar heat as a heat source, an exhaust heat recovery device using factory exhaust heat as a heat source, and the like. In addition, although factory waste heat itself is generally obtained from fossil fuel, this fossil fuel is burned not in the heat source fluid heater 1 but outside the heat source fluid heater 1. Therefore, factory waste heat is also classified as a heat source for non-fossil fuels. The heat source fluid discharged from the heat source fluid heater 1 flows into the evaporator 4, and the temperature is lowered by heating the working fluid in the evaporator 4.

  In addition, the heat source fluid of this embodiment is good also as the hot spring water which springs out from the earth 10, as shown in FIG. In this case, the power generation system of FIG. 1 may not include the heat source fluid heater 1. The heat source fluid of this embodiment may be circulated as shown in FIG. 25 or may not be circulated as shown in FIG. The same applies to second to tenth embodiments described later.

  The liquid working fluid is conveyed by the working fluid pump 5 through the working fluid flow path 6, heated by the evaporator 4, and phase-changed to a gaseous working fluid. An example of the working fluid is a low boiling point medium such as Freon. The working fluid discharged from the evaporator 4 flows into the expander 7, expands in the expander 7, and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. The rotating shaft of the expander 7 is connected to the generator 8, and the generator 8 generates electric power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. The working fluid decreases in pressure and temperature in the expander 7, is discharged from the expander 7, and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by the water in the condenser 9 and changes into a liquid working fluid.

  This water is conveyed by the water pump 33 via the water flow path 34 and heated by the condensation heat of the working fluid in the condenser 9. The water discharged from the condenser 9 is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and supplied to the heater 31.

  The heater 31 is provided in the heat source fluid flow path 3. The heater 31 heats the water from the water channel 34 using the heat source fluid of the heat source fluid channel 3 to produce water used as hot water. The hot water is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and stored in the hot water tank 32. The heater 31 of this embodiment heats water using a heat source fluid that flows downstream of the evaporator 4. The heat source fluid discharged from the evaporator 4 flows into the heater 31, and the temperature is lowered by heating the water in the heater 31. The heat source fluid circulates between the heat source fluid heater 1, the evaporator 4, and the heater 31 via the heat source fluid flow path 3.

  In the present embodiment, the heat of condensation discharged from the condenser 9 is given to the water before being heated by the heater 31 without being given to the cooling tower 13. An example of this water is tap water. Moreover, the temperature of the stored warm water is, for example, 60 ° C., which is a generally available warm water temperature. This hot water is effectively used for washing dishes at bathing facilities and restaurants. When warm water is used for hospital linen washing, it is desirable to heat the warm water to 80 ° C. In this embodiment, since there is no heat discarded to the outside, the energy utilization rate is improved to 100%.

  Here, the temperature of the water in the water pump 33 is 15 ° C., the temperature of the water heated by the condenser 9 is 30 ° C., and the temperature of the water heated by the heater 31 is 60 ° C. 30 ° C. is an example of the first temperature, and 60 ° C. is an example of the second temperature.

  In this case, assuming that the heat energy given to the heat source fluid by the heat source fluid heater 1 is 100, the electric energy generated by the generator 8, the heat energy given to the water by the condenser 9, and the heat energy given to the water by the heater 31 are respectively 3.6, 32.1 and 64.3. Therefore, the energy utilization rate is 100% ((3.6 + 32.1 + 64.3) / 100).

  FIG. 30 is a supplementary diagram for explaining the power generation system of the first embodiment.

  The power generation system of FIG. 30 includes a cooling water pump 11, a cooling water passage 12, a cooling tower 13, a blower 14, and an air introduction unit 15 in addition to the components shown in FIG. 1.

  In FIG. 30, the water in the water flow path 34 is heated only by the heater 31 and not heated by the condenser 9. The heat of condensation discharged from the condenser 9 is discarded to the outside. In this case, the energy utilization rate according to the above numerical example is 68% ((3.6 + 64.3) / 100).

  As described above, the power generation system of the present embodiment heats the first temperature water using the heat source fluid from the heat source fluid flow path 3 to produce the second temperature water used as the hot water. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the energy utilization rate of the power generation system.

  This embodiment can be applied even if the heat source in the heat source fluid heater 1 is a high temperature heat source, but the heat source in the heat source fluid heater 1 is a low temperature heat source such as biomass fuel, solar heat, factory exhaust heat, hot spring heat, etc. It can be effectively applied to. Moreover, this embodiment is effectively applicable when the temperature of the heat source fluid at the inlet of the evaporator 4 is 200 ° C. or lower regardless of the heat source. This is the same in the second to twenty-second embodiments described later. The reason is that when the heat source in the heat source fluid heater 1 is a low-temperature heat source, the power generation efficiency is lower, and the energy utilization rate when the present embodiment is not applied is low. According to this embodiment, the energy utilization factor when the heat source in the heat source fluid heater 1 is a low-temperature heat source can be greatly improved. This is the same in the second to twenty-second embodiments described later.

  The configuration of the present embodiment can be effectively applied when the maximum temperature of the heat source fluid in the heat source fluid flow path 3 is 200 ° C. or less.

  Moreover, the heater 31 may manufacture steam instead of manufacturing water used as hot water. That is, the heater 31 may produce gaseous water instead of producing liquid water. In this case, the hot water tank 32 is replaced with, for example, a facility for storing, transporting, or using steam. This is the same in the second to twenty-second embodiments described later (however, in the fourth and twentieth embodiments, the heat utilization destination 37 is replaced with, for example, equipment for storing, transporting, or using steam).

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 2, the same or similar components as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description overlapping with the description of FIG. 1 is omitted. The same applies to second to tenth embodiments described later.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the heater 31 of the first embodiment heats water using a heat source fluid that flows downstream of the evaporator 4. On the other hand, the heater 31 of 2nd Embodiment heats water using the heat-source fluid which flows upstream of the evaporator 4, as shown in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the temperature of the heat source fluid at the inlet of the heater 31 is higher than the temperature of the heat source fluid at the inlet of the evaporator 4. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it becomes easy to heat water to higher temperature. On the other hand, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to use a larger proportion of thermal energy for power generation by the generator 9.

(Third embodiment)
Drawing 3 is a mimetic diagram showing the composition of the power generation system of a 3rd embodiment.

  The evaporator 4 and the heater 31 of 1st and 2nd embodiment are arrange | positioned in series with respect to the flow of a heat source fluid, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. On the other hand, the evaporator 4 and the heater 31 of 3rd Embodiment are arrange | positioned in parallel with respect to the flow of a heat source fluid, as shown in FIG.

The heat source fluid flow path 3 in FIG. 3 branches into a first branch flow path 35 provided with the evaporator 4 and a second branch flow path 36 provided with the heater 31. The first and second branch flow paths 35 and 36 branch from _one flow path L 1 at the first point P ₁ , and merge into _one flow path L ₁ at the second point P ₂ . .

  In the present embodiment, the temperature of the heat source fluid at the inlet of the heater 31 is equal to the temperature of the heat source fluid at the inlet of the evaporator 4. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it becomes easy to heat both a working fluid and water to high temperature.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the fourth embodiment.

  In FIG. 4, the hot water tank 32 is replaced with a heat utilization destination 37, and the water flow path 34 is replaced with a circulating water flow path 38.

  The water of the present embodiment is conveyed by the water pump 33 via the circulating water flow path 38 and heated by the condensation heat of the working fluid in the condenser 9. The water discharged from the condenser 9 is conveyed via the circulating water flow path 38 and supplied to the heater 31. The heater 31 heats this water using the heat source fluid from the heat source fluid flow path 3 to produce water used as hot water. The hot water is conveyed via the circulating water flow path 38 and supplied to the heat utilization destination 37.

  An example of the heat utilization destination 37 is floor heating. The temperature of the water supplied to the heat utilization destination 37 is lowered by being used as a heat source in the heat utilization destination 37. The water discharged from the heat utilization destination 37 is transported through the circulating water flow path 38 and supplied again to the condenser 9. Thus, the water of this embodiment circulates between the condenser 9, the heater 31, and the heat utilization destination 37 via the circulating water flow path 38. In addition, when supplying vapor | steam to the heat utilization destination 37 instead of warm water, the example of the heat utilization destination 37 is steam type heating.

  When hot water is used for washing dishes in a bathing facility or restaurant, the hot water is disposable. On the other hand, when using warm water for floor heating, warm water can be used repeatedly. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to repeatedly use a limited amount of water by circulating water through the circulating water flow path 38. The heat utilization destination 37 may be equipment other than floor heating or steam heating.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the fifth embodiment.

  The heat source fluid flow path 3 in FIG. 5 includes a first bypass flow path 44 that bypasses the first flow path provided with the evaporator 4 and a second bypass flow that bypasses the second flow path provided with the heater 31. Path 48. A plurality of valves 41 to 43, 45 to 47 are provided in the heat source fluid flow path 3 of FIG.

The first bypass flow path 44, the first point _{P 1} is branched from the flow path _{L 1,} it is joined by the third point _{P 3} to the flow path _{L 1.} A flow path L ₁ between the first point P ₁ and the third point P ₃ is the first flow path. The valve 41 is provided in the first flow path between the first point P ₁ and the evaporator 4. The valve 42 is provided in the first flow path between the evaporator 4 and the third point P _3. The valve 43 is provided in the first bypass flow path 44.

The second bypass flow path 48 branches from the flow path L ₁ at the fourth point P ₄ and merges with the flow path L ₁ at the second point P ₂ . A flow path L ₁ between the fourth point P ₄ and the second point P ₂ is the second flow path. The valve 45 is provided in the second flow path between the fourth point P ₄ and the heater 31. The valve 46 is provided in the second flow path between the heater 31 and the second point P _2. The valve 47 is provided in the second bypass channel 48.

  In the present embodiment, when performing both power generation and hot water production, the valves 41, 42, 45, 46 are opened, and the valves 43, 47 are closed. In this case, the water is heated by the condenser 9 and the heater 31 and becomes hot hot water.

  Further, when only generating power, the valves 41, 42, 47 are opened, and the valves 43, 45, 46 are closed. In this case, water is heated only by the condenser 9, and becomes low temperature warm water.

  When only hot water production is performed, the valves 43, 45, and 46 are opened, and the valves 41, 42, and 47 are closed. In this case, water is heated only by the heater 31. Therefore, in the case where high-temperature hot water is produced without lowering the temperature in this situation, the production amount of hot water is reduced.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, by using the first and second bypass flow paths 44 and 48, it is possible to select three types of operations relating to power generation and hot water production. In the present embodiment, only one of the first and second bypass flow paths 44 and 48 may be provided in the power generation system so that two types of operation can be selected.

(Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a sixth embodiment.

The power generation system of FIG. 6 includes a plurality of valves 51 to 54 in addition to the components shown in FIG. The valve 51 is provided in the first branch flow path 35 between the first point P ₁ and the evaporator 4. The valve 52 is provided in the first branch flow path 35 between the evaporator 4 and the second point P _2. The valve 53 is provided in the second branch flow path 36 between the first point P ₁ and the heater 31. The valve 54 is provided in the second branch flow path 36 between the heater 31 and the second point P _2.

  In the present embodiment, the valves 51 to 54 are opened when performing both power generation and hot water production. In this case, the water is heated by the condenser 9 and the heater 31 and becomes hot hot water.

  Further, when only power generation is performed, the valves 51 and 52 are opened and the valves 53 and 54 are closed. In this case, water is heated only by the condenser 9, and becomes low temperature warm water.

  Moreover, when only warm water manufacture is implemented, the valves 53 and 54 are opened and the valves 51 and 52 are closed. In this case, water is heated only by the heater 31. Therefore, in the case where high-temperature hot water is produced without lowering the temperature in this situation, the production amount of hot water is reduced.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to select three types of operations relating to power generation and hot water production by using the first and second branch flow paths 37 and 38. In the present embodiment, two types of operation may be selected by providing only one of the pair of valves 51 and 52 and the pair of valves 53 and 54 in the power generation system.

(Seventh embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the seventh embodiment.

  The power generation system of FIG. 7 includes a heat source fluid heater 21, a heat source fluid pump 22, and a heat source fluid flow path 23 in addition to the components shown in FIG. In the description of FIG. 7, as in the description of FIG. 26, the components 1 to 3 are called the first heat source fluid heater 1, the first heat source fluid pump 2, and the first heat source fluid flow path 3. The components 21 to 23 are referred to as a second heat source fluid heater 21, a second heat source fluid pump 22, and a second heat source fluid flow path 23. In addition, the heat source fluid conveyed through the first heat source fluid flow path 3 is referred to as a first heat source fluid, and the heat source fluid conveyed through the second heat source fluid flow path 23 is referred to as a second heat source fluid.

  The first heat source fluid is conveyed by the first heat source fluid pump 2 via the first heat source fluid flow path 3 and heated by the first heat source fluid heater 1. The first heat source fluid discharged from the first heat source fluid heater 1 flows into the second heat source fluid heater 21 and heats the second heat source fluid in the second heat source fluid heater 21 to increase the temperature. descend.

  The second heat source fluid is transported by the second heat source fluid pump 22 via the second heat source fluid flow path 23 and heated by the second heat source fluid heater 21. The second heat source fluid discharged from the second heat source fluid heater 21 flows into the evaporator 4, and the temperature is lowered by heating the working fluid in the evaporator 4.

  The liquid working fluid is conveyed by the working fluid pump 5 through the working fluid flow path 6, heated by the evaporator 4, and phase-changed to a gaseous working fluid. An example of the working fluid is a low boiling point medium such as Freon. The working fluid discharged from the evaporator 4 flows into the expander 7, expands in the expander 7, and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. The rotating shaft of the expander 7 is connected to the generator 8, and the generator 8 generates electric power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. The working fluid decreases in pressure and temperature in the expander 7, is discharged from the expander 7, and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by the water in the condenser 9 and changes into a liquid working fluid.

  This water is conveyed by the water pump 33 via the water flow path 34 and heated by the condensation heat of the working fluid in the condenser 9. The water discharged from the condenser 9 is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and supplied to the heater 31.

  In the present embodiment, the heater 31 is provided in the second heat source fluid flow path 23. The heater 31 heats the water from the water flow path 34 using the second heat source fluid to produce water used as hot water. The hot water is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and stored in the hot water tank 32. The heater 31 of this embodiment heats water using the second heat source fluid that flows downstream of the evaporator 4. The second heat source fluid discharged from the evaporator 4 flows into the heater 31 and the temperature is lowered by heating the water in the heater 31. The second heat source fluid circulates between the second heat source fluid heater 21, the evaporator 4, and the heater 31 through the second heat source fluid flow path 23.

  Here, the power generation system of FIG. 1 and FIG. 7 will be compared.

  In FIG. 1, depending on the components contained in the heat source fluid, precipitates accumulate in the evaporator 4 and the heater 31. Therefore, the evaporator 4 and the heater 31 need to be frequently disassembled and cleaned. In this case, the working fluid flow path 6 containing a low boiling point medium such as Freon and the water flow path 34 used for washing dishes in bathing facilities or restaurants are disassembled. Not desirable. On the other hand, in FIG. 7, since the second heat source fluid heater 21 is disassembled and cleaned instead of the evaporator 4 and the heater 31, it is not necessary to disassemble the working fluid flow path 6.

  As described above, the power generation system of the present embodiment heats the first temperature water using the second heat source fluid to produce the second temperature water used as the hot water. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the energy utilization rate of the power generation system.

  In addition, you may apply the heat source fluid heater 21, the heat source fluid pump 22, the heat source fluid flow path 23, and the heater 31 of this embodiment to either of the 2nd-6th embodiment. The same applies to the heat source fluid heater 21, the heat source fluid pump 22, the heat source fluid flow path 23, and the heater 31 of the eighth to tenth embodiments described later.

  In addition, the second heat source fluid of the present embodiment is heated by the heat of the first heat source fluid without passing through another heat source fluid, but the heat of the first heat source fluid passes through one or more types of third heat source fluids. May be heated. That is, the second heat source fluid of this embodiment may be directly heated by the heat of the first heat source fluid or indirectly heated by the heat of the first heat source fluid. The same applies to the eighth to tenth embodiments described later.

  Moreover, although the 1st heat source fluid of this embodiment is heated without passing through another heat source fluid with the heat of low-temperature heat sources, such as biomass fuel, it passes through one or more types of 4th heat source fluids with the heat of a low-temperature heat source. May be heated. That is, the first heat source fluid of this embodiment may be directly heated by the heat of the low-temperature heat source or indirectly heated by the heat of the low-temperature heat source. The same applies to the eighth to tenth embodiments described later.

  The configuration of the present embodiment can be effectively applied when the maximum temperature of the second heat source fluid in the second heat source fluid flow path 23 is, for example, 200 ° C. or less.

(Eighth embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the eighth embodiment. In FIG. 8, the same or similar components as those shown in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description overlapping with the description of FIG. 7 is omitted. The same applies to the ninth and tenth embodiments described later.

  In the present embodiment, the heater 31 is provided in the first heat source fluid flow path 3. The heater 31 heats the water from the water flow path 34 using the first heat source fluid to produce water used as hot water. The hot water is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and stored in the hot water tank 32. The heater 31 of the present embodiment heats water using the first heat source fluid that flows downstream of the second heat source fluid heater 21. The first heat source fluid discharged from the second heat source fluid heater 21 flows into the heater 31, and the temperature is lowered by heating the water in the heater 31. The first heat source fluid circulates between the first heat source fluid heater 1, the second heat source fluid heater 21, and the heater 31 via the first heat source fluid flow path 3.

  The temperature of the first heat source fluid at the inlet of the heater 31 of the eighth embodiment is often higher than the temperature of the second heat source fluid at the inlet of the heater 31 of the seventh embodiment. Therefore, according to the eighth embodiment, water can be easily heated to a higher temperature. Further, according to the eighth embodiment, it is not necessary to disassemble and clean the water flow path 34. On the other hand, according to the seventh embodiment, it is possible to use a larger proportion of thermal energy for power generation by the generator 9.

(Ninth embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the ninth embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the heater 31 of the eighth embodiment heats water using the first heat source fluid that flows downstream of the second heat source fluid heater 21. On the other hand, the heater 31 of 9th Embodiment heats water using the 1st heat source fluid which flows upstream of the 2nd heat source fluid heater 21, as shown in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the temperature of the first heat source fluid at the inlet of the heater 31 is higher than the temperature of the first heat source fluid at the inlet of the second heat source fluid heater 21. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it becomes easy to heat water to higher temperature. On the other hand, according to the eighth embodiment, it is possible to use a larger proportion of thermal energy for power generation by the generator 9.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a modification of the ninth embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the heater 31 of the seventh embodiment heats water using a second heat source fluid that flows downstream of the evaporator 4. On the other hand, the heater 31 of this modification heats water using the 2nd heat-source fluid which flows upstream of the evaporator 4, as shown in FIG.

  In this modification, the temperature of the second heat source fluid at the inlet of the heater 31 is higher than the temperature of the second heat source fluid at the inlet of the evaporator 4. Therefore, according to this modification, it becomes easy to heat water to a higher temperature. Moreover, according to this modification, it is not necessary to disassemble and clean the water flow path 34. On the other hand, according to the seventh embodiment, it is possible to use a larger proportion of thermal energy for power generation by the generator 9.

(10th Embodiment)
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to the tenth embodiment.

  The power generation system of FIG. 11 includes first and second heaters 31 a and 31 b instead of the heater 31. The first heater 31 a is provided in the first heat source fluid flow path 3. The second heater 31 b is provided in the second heat source fluid flow path 23. The 1st and 2nd heaters 31a and 31b heat the water of 1st temperature, and manufacture the water of the 2nd temperature used as warm water.

  The first heat source fluid is conveyed by the first heat source fluid pump 2 via the first heat source fluid flow path 3 and heated by the first heat source fluid heater 1. The first heat source fluid discharged from the first heat source fluid heater 1 flows into the second heat source fluid heater 21 and heats the second heat source fluid in the second heat source fluid heater 21 to increase the temperature. descend.

  The second heat source fluid is transported by the second heat source fluid pump 22 via the second heat source fluid flow path 23 and heated by the second heat source fluid heater 21. The second heat source fluid discharged from the second heat source fluid heater 21 flows into the evaporator 4, and the temperature is lowered by heating the working fluid in the evaporator 4.

  The liquid working fluid is conveyed by the working fluid pump 5 through the working fluid flow path 6, heated by the evaporator 4, and phase-changed to a gaseous working fluid. An example of the working fluid is a low boiling point medium such as Freon. The working fluid discharged from the evaporator 4 flows into the expander 7, expands in the expander 7, and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. The rotating shaft of the expander 7 is connected to the generator 8, and the generator 8 generates electric power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. The working fluid decreases in pressure and temperature in the expander 7, is discharged from the expander 7, and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by the water in the condenser 9 and changes into a liquid working fluid.

  This water is conveyed by the water pump 33 via the water flow path 34 and heated by the condensation heat of the working fluid in the condenser 9. The water discharged from the condenser 9 is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and supplied to the second heater 31b. The temperature of water at the inlet of the condenser 9 is, for example, 15 ° C. The temperature of water at the outlet of the condenser 9 is, for example, 30 ° C. 30 ° C. is an example of the first temperature.

  The second heater 31b heats water from the water flow path 34 using the second heat source fluid. The water heated by the second heater 31b is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and supplied to the first heater 31a. The 1st heater 31a heats the water which flows downstream of the 2nd heater 31b using the 1st heat source fluid, and manufactures the water used as warm water. The temperature of this hot water is 60 ° C., for example. 60 ° C. is an example of the second temperature. The hot water is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and stored in the hot water tank 32.

  The first heater 31a of the present embodiment heats water using the first heat source fluid that flows downstream of the second heat source fluid heater 21. The 1st heat source fluid discharged | emitted from the 2nd heat source fluid heater 21 flows in into the 1st heater 31a, and temperature falls by heating the water in the 1st heater 31a. The first heat source fluid circulates between the first heat source fluid heater 1, the second heat source fluid heater 21, and the first heater 31a via the first heat source fluid flow path 3.

  Further, the second heater 31 b of the present embodiment heats water using the second heat source fluid that flows downstream of the evaporator 4. The 2nd heat source fluid discharged | emitted from the evaporator 4 flows in into the 2nd heater 31b, and temperature falls by heating the water in the 2nd heater 31b. The second heat source fluid circulates between the second heat source fluid heater 21, the evaporator 4, and the second heater 31b via the second heat source fluid flow path 23.

  In the present embodiment, the first heater 31a is heated by the second heater 31b and heats the water flowing out of the second heater 31b. However, the second heater 31b is heated by the first heater 31a. In addition, the configuration may be such that the water flowing out of the first heater 31a is heated. When the temperature of the first heat source fluid at the outlet of the first heater 31a is lower than the temperature of the second heat source fluid at the inlet of the second heater 31b, the first heater 31a is placed downstream of the second heater 31b. It is desirable to arrange. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the 1st and 2nd heater 31a, 31b is arrange | positioned in series with respect to the flow of water, the 1st and 2nd heater 31a, 31b is parallel to the flow of water. May be arranged.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a modification of the tenth embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the first heater 31 a of the tenth embodiment heats water using the first heat source fluid that flows downstream of the second heat source fluid heater 21. On the other hand, the 1st heater 31a of this modification heats water using the 1st heat source fluid which flows upstream of the 2nd heat source fluid heater 21, as shown in FIG.

  Moreover, the 2nd heater 31b of 10th Embodiment heats water using the 2nd heat-source fluid which flows downstream of the evaporator 4, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the 1st heater 31a of this modification heats water using the 2nd heat-source fluid which flows upstream of the evaporator 4, as shown in FIG.

  Thus, the 1st heater 31a may be arrange | positioned downstream of the 2nd heat source fluid heater 21, and may be arrange | positioned upstream of the 2nd heat source fluid heater 21. FIG. Similarly, the second heater 31 b may be disposed downstream of the evaporator 4 or may be disposed upstream of the evaporator 4. Further, one of the first and second heaters 31a and 31b may be arranged as shown in FIG. 11, and the other of the first and second heaters 31a and 31b may be arranged as shown in FIG.

  In the present modification, the first heater 31a heats the water flowing downstream of the second heater 31b, but the second heater 31b may heat the water flowing downstream of the first heater 31a. . Moreover, in this modification, although the 1st and 2nd heater 31a, 31b is arrange | positioned in series with respect to the flow of water, the 1st and 2nd heater 31a, 31b is parallel to the flow of water. May be arranged.

  As described above, the power generation system of the present embodiment includes the first and second heaters 31 a and 31 b instead of the heater 31. When such a configuration is adopted, the number of heat exchangers in the power generation system increases, but the temperature difference between the heated fluid and the heated fluid can be designed small. Specifically, the temperature difference between the first heat source fluid and the second heat source fluid and the temperature difference between the second heat source fluid and the working fluid can be designed to be small. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it becomes easy to heat water to higher temperature.

  Moreover, the 1st and 2nd heater 31a, 31b in FIG.11 and FIG.12 may manufacture a steam instead of manufacturing the water used as warm water. That is, the first and second heaters 31a and 31b may produce gaseous water instead of producing liquid water. In this case, the hot water tank 32 is replaced with, for example, a facility for storing, transporting, or using steam. The same applies to the third and fourth heaters 31c and 31d of the twelfth, fourteenth, sixteenth, eighteenth, twentieth, twenty-first, and twenty-second embodiments described later (however, the twentieth embodiment). Then, the heat utilization destination 37 is replaced with, for example, equipment for storing, transporting, or using steam).

(Eleventh embodiment)
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the eleventh embodiment.

  Comparing FIG. 1 with FIG. 13, the power generation system of FIG. 13 has the heat source fluid heater 1, the heat source fluid pump 2, the heat source fluid flow path 3, the evaporator 4, and the working fluid pump 5 shown in FIG. 1. Is not provided. An example of the working fluid flowing through the working fluid flow path 6 in FIG. 13 is a gas such as geothermal steam.

The working fluid channel 6 in FIG. 13 is branched into a first fluid channel 61 in which the expander 7 and the condenser 9 are provided, and a second fluid channel 62 in which the heater 31 is provided. First and second fluid paths 61 and 62 is branched from the fifth point _{P 5} in one channel _{L 2.} The gaseous working fluid flowing through the working fluid flow path 6 is diverted at the fifth point P ₅ and flows into the first and second fluid flow paths 61 and 62.

  The working fluid that has flowed into the first fluid flow path 61 is introduced into the expander 7 and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. The generator 8 generates power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. Thereafter, the working fluid is discharged from the expander 7 to the first fluid flow path 61 and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by water (cooling water) from the water flow path 34, is changed to a liquid working fluid, and is returned to the ground.

  On the other hand, the working fluid that has flowed into the second fluid flow path 62 is introduced into the heater 31. The heater 31 heats the water from the water channel 34 using the working fluid in the second fluid channel 62 to produce water used as hot water. The hot water is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and stored in the hot water tank 32. On the other hand, the working fluid in the second fluid flow path 62 is heated to water in the heater 31 to lower the temperature to become a condensed fluid and returned to the ground. The working fluid may be condensed entirely, or may be partially condensed, or may not be condensed at all (the same applies to the thirteenth, fifteenth, and seventeenth embodiments described later). .

  The fluid in the first fluid channel 61 is introduced into the expander 7 and used as a working fluid, but the fluid in the second fluid channel 62 is not used as a working fluid. However, since the fluid in the second fluid channel 62 is the same as the fluid in the first fluid channel 61, the fluid in the first fluid channel 62 is also the same as the fluid in the first fluid channel 61 in this embodiment. Similarly, it was written as working fluid. The same applies to the subsequent embodiments.

  According to this embodiment, the heater 31 can be applied to a power generation system that does not include the evaporator 4. The configuration of the present embodiment is effective when the maximum temperature of the working fluid in the working fluid flow path 6 is 200 ° C. or less, and the ratio of the heat of condensation to the amount of power generation increases.

(Twelfth embodiment)
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a twelfth embodiment.

  In FIG. 14, the heater 31 of FIG. 13 is replaced with the third and fourth heaters 31c and 31d. The third heater 31 c is provided in the second fluid flow path 62. The fourth heater 31d is provided downstream of the third heater 31c in the second fluid flow path 62.

Moreover, the water flow path 34 of FIG. 14 branches into the 1st water flow path 63 in which the condenser 9 was provided, and the 2nd water flow path 64 in which the 4th heater 31d was provided. The first and second water flow paths 63 and 64 are branched from one flow path L ₃ at the sixth point P ₆ , and merge into one flow path L ₃ at the seventh point P ₇ . The water flowing through the water flow path 34 is diverted to the first and second water flow paths 63 and 64 at the sixth point P ₆ , and merges from the first and second water flow paths 63 and 64 at the seventh point P ₇ . The third heater 31c is provided in the flow path L ₃ (third water flow path) after joining.

  The working fluid that has flowed into the first fluid flow path 61 is introduced into the expander 7 and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. The generator 8 generates power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. Thereafter, the working fluid is discharged from the expander 7 to the first fluid flow path 61 and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by water (cooling water) from the first water flow path 63, is changed to a liquid working fluid, and is returned to the ground.

On the other hand, the working fluid that has flowed into the second fluid flow path 62 is introduced into the third heater 31c and then into the fourth heater 31d. The fourth heater 31 d heats the water from the second water channel 64 using the working fluid in the second fluid channel 62. And water discharged to the first water passage 63 from the condenser 9, the water discharged from the fourth heater 31d to the second water passage 64 is merged with the seventh point P _7, the third heater 31c be introduced. The 3rd heater 31c heats this water using the working fluid of the 2nd fluid channel 62, and manufactures the water used as warm water. The hot water is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and stored in the hot water tank 32. On the other hand, the working fluid in the second fluid flow path 62 is heated to water in the third and fourth heaters 31c and 31d to lower the temperature to become a condensed fluid and returned to the ground. The working fluid may be condensed entirely, or may be partially condensed, or may not be condensed at all (14th, 16th, 18th, 23rd, The same applies to the 24th embodiment).

  In the eleventh embodiment, the temperature of the working fluid discharged from the heater 31 may be higher than the temperature of the water discharged from the condenser 9. In this case, it is possible to further collect the amount of heat retained by the working fluid. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the third heater 31c collects the retained heat amount of the working fluid with water, and the fourth heater 31d collects the retained heat amount of the working fluid with cooler water. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to sufficiently collect the retained heat amount of the working fluid.

(13th Embodiment)
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a thirteenth embodiment.

  Comparing FIG. 1 and FIG. 15, the power generation system of FIG. 15 does not include the heat source fluid heater 1, the heat source fluid pump 2, and the heat source fluid flow path 3 shown in FIG. Examples of the evaporator 4 in FIG. 15 are a small biomass boiler that burns biomass fuel, a solar heat collector that collects solar heat, and a waste heat recovery device that recovers factory exhaust heat and the like. An example of a working fluid is gaseous or liquid water.

The working fluid channel 6 in FIG. 15 is branched into a first fluid channel 61 provided with the expander 7 and the condenser 9 and a second fluid channel 62 provided with the heater 31. The first and second fluid flow paths 61 and 62 are branched from the single flow path L ₂ at the fifth point P ₅ , and merge into the single flow path L ₂ at the eighth point P ₈ . . The working fluid flowing through the hydraulic fluid channel 6, the fifth point _{P 5} is diverted to the first and second fluid flow paths 61 and 62, the first and second fluid flow paths 61, 62 in the eighth point _{P 8} Have joined. The evaporator 4 and the working fluid pump 5 are provided in the flow path L ₂ (third fluid flow path 66) after joining. A working fluid pump 65 is provided in the first fluid flow path 61.

The liquid working fluid is conveyed by the working fluid pump 5 through the working fluid flow path 6, heated by the evaporator 4, and changed into a gaseous working fluid. The gaseous working fluid discharged from the evaporator 4 is diverted at the fifth point P ₅ and flows into the first and second fluid flow paths 61 and 62.

The working fluid that has flowed into the first fluid flow path 61 is introduced into the expander 7 and drives the rotating shaft of the expander 7. The generator 8 generates power using the shaft power of the rotating shaft. Thereafter, the working fluid is discharged from the expander 7 to the first fluid flow path 61 and flows into the condenser 9. The working fluid that has flowed into the condenser 9 is cooled by water (cooling water) from the water flow path 34, is changed to a liquid working fluid, and is transported to the eighth point P ₈ by the working fluid pump 65.

On the other hand, the working fluid that has flowed into the second fluid flow path 62 is introduced into the heater 31. The heater 31 heats the water from the water channel 34 using the working fluid in the second fluid channel 62 to produce water used as hot water. The hot water is conveyed through the water flow path 34 and stored in the hot water tank 32. On the other hand, the working fluid in the second fluid flow path 62 is decreased temperature becomes condensed fluid by heating water in the heating unit 31 is discharged to the eighth point P _8.

The working fluid discharged from the condenser 9 to the first fluid flow path 61 and the working fluid discharged from the heater 31 to the second fluid flow path 62 are merged at the eighth point P ₈ and are then sent to the evaporator 4. be introduced. As described above, the working fluid circulates between the evaporator 4, the expander 7, the condenser 9, and the heater 31 through the working fluid flow path 6. Incidentally, hydraulic fluid pump 65, the pressure of the working fluid flowing from the first fluid path 61 to the 8 point P _8, and a pressure of the working fluid flowing from the second fluid flow path 62 to the 8 point P ₈ Provided as needed to equalize or approach.

  According to the present embodiment, the heater 31 can be applied to a power generation system that does not include the heat source fluid heater 1. This embodiment is applicable even if the heat source in the evaporator 4 is a high-temperature heat source, but is effective when the heat source in the evaporator 4 is a low-temperature heat source such as biomass fuel, solar heat, factory exhaust heat, or hot spring heat. Applicable. The same applies to the 14th, 17th and 18th embodiments described later. The reason is that when the heat source in the evaporator 4 is a low-temperature heat source, the power generation efficiency is lower, and the energy utilization rate when the present embodiment is not applied is low.

  The configuration of the present embodiment is effectively applicable when the maximum temperature of the heat source fluid in the working fluid flow path 6 is, for example, 200 ° C. or less.

(14th Embodiment)
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a fourteenth embodiment.

  In FIG. 16, the heater 31 of FIG. 15 is replaced with third and fourth heaters 31c and 31d. Moreover, the water flow path 34 of FIG. 16 branches into the 1st water flow path 63 in which the condenser 9 was provided, and the 2nd water flow path 64 in which the 4th heater 31d was provided. These configurations are the same as those shown in FIG.

  In the thirteenth embodiment, the temperature of the working fluid discharged from the heater 31 may be higher than the temperature of the water discharged from the condenser 9. In this case, it is possible to further collect the amount of heat retained by the working fluid. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the third heater 31c collects the retained heat amount of the working fluid with water, and the fourth heater 31d collects the retained heat amount of the working fluid with cooler water. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to sufficiently collect the retained heat amount of the working fluid.

(Fifteenth embodiment)
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the fifteenth embodiment.

  The working fluid channel 6 in FIG. 13 is branched into a first fluid channel 61 in which the expander 7 and the condenser 9 are provided, and a second fluid channel 62 in which the heater 31 is provided. On the other hand, the working fluid channel 6 in FIG. 17 conveys the working fluid exhausted (discharged) from the exhaust port 7 a of the expander 7, and the fourth fluid channel 67 provided with the condenser 9 and the expander 7. The 5th fluid flow path 68 which conveyed the working fluid extracted from the extraction port 7b of this, and was provided with the heater 31 is comprised. The bleed port 7b of the expander 7 is provided in a stage preceding the exhaust port 7a of the expander 7.

  The configuration and function of the fourth and fifth fluid channels 67 and 68 in FIG. 17 are the same as the configuration and function of the first and second fluid channels 61 and 62 in FIG. Therefore, the water discharged from the condenser 9 is heated by the working fluid in the heater 31 to produce hot water. According to this embodiment, the heater 31 can be applied to a power generation system that does not include the evaporator 4.

  The temperature and pressure of the working steam at the extraction port 7 b of the expander 7 are lower than the temperature and pressure of the working steam at the inlet of the expander 7. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to change the temperature and pressure of the working steam for the heater 31 by changing the position of the extraction port 7b. Further, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to use more energy of the working fluid for power generation than in the eleventh embodiment. On the other hand, according to the eleventh embodiment, it is possible to employ the heater 31 without providing the extraction port 7b in the expander 7. The same applies to the twelfth to fourteenth embodiments described above and the sixteenth to twenty-second embodiments described later.

(Sixteenth embodiment)
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the sixteenth embodiment.

  In FIG. 18, the first and second fluid channels 61 and 62 in FIG. 14 are replaced with fourth and fifth fluid channels 67 and 68. Therefore, the condenser 9 is provided in the fourth fluid flow path 67, and the third and fourth heaters 31 c and 31 d are provided in the fifth fluid flow path 68.

  According to the present embodiment, the retained heat amount of the working fluid can be sufficiently collected by the third and fourth heaters 31c and 31d.

(17th Embodiment)
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a seventeenth embodiment.

In FIG. 19, the first and second fluid flow paths 61, 62 of FIG. 15 are replaced with fourth and fifth fluid flow paths 67, 68. Therefore, the condenser 9 is provided in the fourth fluid channel 67 and the heater 31 is provided in the fifth fluid channel 68. Moreover, the fourth and fifth fluid flow path 67 and 68, are joined at the eighth point _{P 8} in one channel _{L 2.} The evaporator 4 and the working fluid pump 5 are provided in the flow path L ₂ (sixth fluid flow path 69) after joining. The fourth fluid channel 67 is provided with a working fluid pump 65.

  According to the present embodiment, the heater 31 can be applied to a power generation system that does not include the heat source fluid heater 1.

(Eighteenth embodiment)
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to an eighteenth embodiment.

In FIG. 20, the first and second fluid channels 61 and 62 in FIG. 16 are replaced with fourth and fifth fluid channels 67 and 68. Therefore, the condenser 9 is provided in the fourth fluid flow path 67, and the third and fourth heaters 31 c and 31 d are provided in the fifth fluid flow path 68. Moreover, the fourth and fifth fluid flow path 67 and 68, are joined at the eighth point _{P 8} in one channel _{L 2.} The evaporator 4 and the working fluid pump 5 are provided in the flow path L ₂ (sixth fluid flow path 69) after joining. The fourth fluid channel 67 is provided with a working fluid pump 65.

  According to the present embodiment, the retained heat amount of the working fluid can be sufficiently collected by the third and fourth heaters 31c and 31d.

(Nineteenth embodiment)
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the power generation system of the nineteenth embodiment.

  The working fluid channel 6 in FIG. 13 is branched into first and second fluid channels 61 and 62, and the first fluid channel 61 is provided with an expander 7 and a condenser 9. A heater 31 is provided at 62. On the other hand, the heater 31 of FIG. 21 is provided upstream of the expander 7 in the working fluid flow path 6 without branching. The heater 31 in FIG. 21 heats the water in the water flow path 34 using the working fluid upstream of the expander 7 and discharges the working fluid to the expander 7.

  In the eleventh embodiment, the temperature of the working fluid discharged from the heater 31 may be higher than the temperature of the water discharged from the condenser 9. In this case, it is possible to further collect the amount of heat retained by the working fluid. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, after the heater 31 collects a desired amount of heat retained by the working fluid, the working fluid is used in the expander 7 and discharged to the condenser 9. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to sufficiently collect the retained heat amount of the working fluid.

  In addition, arrangement | positioning of the heater 31 of this embodiment is applicable not only to 11th Embodiment but 13th, 20th, 21st Embodiment.

(20th embodiment)
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a twentieth embodiment.

  In FIG. 22, the hot water tank 32 in FIG. 14 is replaced with a heat utilization destination 37, and the water flow path 34 in FIG. 14 is replaced with a circulating water flow path 38. The details of the heat utilization destination 37 and the circulating water flow path 38 are the same as in FIG.

  For example, a working fluid may be supplied to the heat utilization destination 37 instead of hot water (or steam). However, when the working fluid is geothermal steam, the working fluid often contains corrosive components and earth and sand. In this case, it is necessary to take measures such as removing corrosive components and earth and sand from the working fluid. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to dispense with such measures by supplying clean hot water (or steam) to the heat utilization destination 37 instead of the working fluid.

  According to this embodiment, it is possible to repeatedly use hot water (or steam) as in the fourth embodiment. The heat utilization destination 37 and the circulating water flow path 38 of the present embodiment are applicable not only to the twelfth embodiment but also to the eleventh, thirteenth to nineteenth, twenty-first, and twenty-second embodiments.

(21st Embodiment)
FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a twenty-first embodiment.

  The power generation system of FIG. 23 includes valves 71 to 76 in addition to the components shown in FIG. The valve 71 is provided upstream of the expander 7 in the first fluid flow path 61. The valve 72 is provided upstream of the third heater 31 c in the second fluid flow path 62. The valve 73 is provided upstream of the condenser 9 in the first water flow path 63. The valve 74 is provided upstream of the fourth heater 31 d in the second water flow path 64. The valve 75 is provided downstream of the condenser 9 in the first fluid flow path 61. The valve 76 is provided in the second fluid flow path 62 downstream of the fourth heater 31d.

  In the case where only power generation is performed in the power generation system, the valves 71, 73, and 75 are opened, and the valve 72 is closed. At this time, the valve 74 is preferably closed, but the valve 76 may be opened or closed. In this case, since the water in the water flow path 34 is heated only by the condenser 9, it becomes low-temperature hot water. Further, the amount of power generated by the generator 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the valve 61, and the flow rate of water in the water flow path 34 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the valve 63.

  When only hot water production is performed in the power generation system, the valves 72, 74, and 76 are opened, and the valve 71 is closed. At this time, the valve 73 is desirably closed, but the valve 75 may be opened or closed. In this case, the flow rate of water in the water flow path 34 (that is, the hot water flow rate) can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the valve 74, and the temperature and heat quantity of the hot water are adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the valve 72. I can do things.

  When the power generation system performs both power generation and hot water production, all the valves 71 to 76 are opened. In this case, the power generation amount of the generator 8, the flow rate of hot water, the temperature, and the heat amount can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the valves 71 to 74.

  In this embodiment, the valves 74 to 76 need not be installed, but are preferably installed for flow path management.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to select three types of operation of the power generation system by the valves 71 to 76. That is, it is possible to select whether to perform only power generation, only hot water production, or both power generation and hot water production. Moreover, according to this embodiment, it becomes possible to adjust the electric power generation amount of the generator 8, the flow volume, temperature, and heat amount of warm water.

  The valves 71 to 76 of this embodiment are applicable not only to the twelfth embodiment but also to the eleventh, thirteenth, fourteenth and twentieth embodiments.

(Twenty-second embodiment)
FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a power generation system according to a twenty-second embodiment.

  The power generation system shown in FIG. 24 includes valves 73 and 74 and valves 77 and 78 in addition to the components shown in FIG. The valve 73 is provided upstream of the condenser 9 in the first water channel 63 as described above. The valve 74 is provided upstream of the fourth heater 31d in the second water flow path 64 as described above. The valve 77 is provided upstream of the third heater 31 c in the fifth fluid flow path 68. The valve 78 is provided in the fifth fluid flow path 68 downstream of the fourth heater 31d.

  When only power generation is performed in the power generation system, the valve 73 is opened and the valves 77 and 78 are closed. At this time, the valve 74 is preferably closed. In this case, since the water in the water flow path 34 is heated only by the condenser 9, it becomes low-temperature hot water.

  In the case where both power generation and hot water production are performed in the power generation system, when the hot water production is not emphasized, the valves 73, 77, and 78 are opened, and the valve 74 is closed. In this case, the water in the water channel 34 is heated only by the condenser 9 and the third heater 31c.

  In the case where both power generation and hot water production are performed in the power generation system, all of the valves 73, 74, 77, and 78 are opened when the hot water production is important. In this case, the water in the water flow path 34 is heated by the condenser 9, the third heater 31c, and the fourth heater 31d.

  In the present embodiment, the valves 73, 74, and 78 do not have to be installed, but are preferably installed for flow path management.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the three types of operation of the power generation system can be selected by the valves 73, 74, 77, and 78. Moreover, according to this embodiment, it becomes possible to adjust the electric power generation amount of the generator 8, the flow volume, temperature, and heat amount of warm water with these valves.

  The valves 73, 74, 77, and 78 of this embodiment are applicable not only to the sixteenth embodiment but also to the fifteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth embodiments.

1: heat source fluid heater, 2: heat source fluid pump, 3: heat source fluid flow path,
4: Evaporator, 5: Working fluid pump, 6: Working fluid flow path,
7: expander, 7a: exhaust port, 7b: extraction port, 8: generator, 9: condenser, 10: ground
11: Cooling water pump, 12: Cooling water flow path, 13: Cooling tower,
14: Blower, 15: Air introduction part,
21: Heat source fluid heater, 22: Heat source fluid pump, 23: Heat source fluid flow path,
31: heater, 31a: first heater, 31b: second heater,
31c: third heater, 31d: fourth heater, 32: hot water tank,
33: Water pump, 34: Water flow path, 35: First branch flow path, 36: Second branch flow path,
37: heat utilization destination, 38: circulating water flow path,
41, 42, 43: valve, 44: first bypass flow path,
45, 46, 47: valve, 48: second bypass flow path,
51, 52, 53, 54: valve,
61: First fluid channel, 62: Second fluid channel, 63: First water channel, 64: Second water channel,
65: Working fluid pump, 66: Third fluid flow path,
67: Fourth fluid channel, 68: Fifth fluid channel, 69: Sixth fluid channel,
71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78: Valve

Claims (20)

A first heat source fluid channel for conveying a first heat source fluid; a second heat source fluid channel for conveying a second heat source fluid heated by the heat of the first heat source fluid; and a working fluid channel for conveying a working fluid. A fluid flow comprising at least the working fluid flow path of the fluid, wherein the working fluid is conveyed through or without an evaporator that evaporates the working fluid using the first or second heat source fluid. Road,
An expander for expanding and rotating the working fluid;
A generator connected to the rotating shaft of the expander;
A condenser for condensing the working fluid;
An exhaust heat recovery system for recovering exhaust heat from a power generation system comprising:
A water flow path for supplying water to the condenser, cooling the working fluid with the water in the condenser, and transporting the water at a first temperature discharged from the condenser;
The water from the water flow path is heated using the first heat source fluid, the second heat source fluid, or the working fluid to produce the water at a second temperature used as hot water or produce steam. A heater,
An exhaust heat recovery system characterized by comprising:   2. The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the heater heats the water using the first or second heat source fluid downstream or upstream of the evaporator.   The first or second heat source fluid flow path is branched into a first branch flow path provided with the evaporator and a second branch flow path provided with the heater, The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 1.   The exhaust heat recovery according to claim 3, comprising at least one of a first valve provided in the first branch flow path and a second valve provided in the second branch flow path. system.   The first or second heat source fluid flow path includes a first bypass flow path that bypasses the first flow path provided with the evaporator and a second bypass that bypasses the second flow path provided with the heater. The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 1, comprising at least one of the flow paths. The power generation system further includes a heat source fluid heater that heats the second heat source fluid with heat of the first heat source fluid,
The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the heater heats the water using the first heat source fluid downstream or upstream of the heat source fluid heater.   The heater includes a first heater that heats the water by the heat of the first heat source fluid, and a second heater that heats the water by the heat of the second heat source fluid. The exhaust heat recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   One of the first and second heaters is heated by the other of the first and second heaters to heat the water flowing out of the other of the first and second heaters. The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 7.   The working fluid channel is branched into a first fluid channel in which the expander and the condenser are provided, and a second fluid channel in which the heater is provided. Item 2. An exhaust heat recovery system according to Item 1.   The first and second fluid flow paths merge with a third fluid flow path provided with the evaporator, and the third fluid flow path branches into the first and second fluid flow paths. The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 9.   The working fluid channel conveys the working fluid exhausted from the exhaust port of the expander, and the operation is extracted from the fourth fluid channel provided with the condenser and the bleed port of the expander. The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 1, further comprising a fifth fluid flow path that conveys a fluid and is provided with the heater.   The fourth and fifth fluid flow paths merge with a sixth fluid flow path provided with the evaporator, and the sixth fluid flow path conveys the working fluid to the expander. 11. The exhaust heat recovery system according to 11.   13. The device according to claim 9, comprising at least one of a valve provided in the first or fourth fluid flow path and a valve provided in the second or fifth fluid flow path. The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 1.   As the heater, a third heater provided in the second or fifth fluid channel, and a fourth heater provided downstream of the third heater in the second or fifth fluid channel, The exhaust heat recovery system according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized by comprising:   The water flow path is branched into a first water flow path provided with the condenser and a second water flow path provided with the fourth heater, and the first and second water flow paths are the first water flow path and the second water flow path. The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 14, wherein the exhaust heat recovery system joins a third water flow path provided with three heaters.   The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 14 or 15, comprising at least one of a valve provided in the first water flow path and a valve provided in the second water flow path.   The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the heater heats the water using the working fluid upstream of the expander.   The exhaust heat recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the water flow path circulates the water between the heater and the condenser.   19. The exhaust heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein a maximum temperature of the first heat source fluid, the second heat source fluid, or the working fluid is 200 ° C. or less.   20. The fluid according to claim 1, wherein the first heat source fluid is a hot water or a fluid heated in a heat source fluid heater that obtains heat from a heat source of non-fossil fuel. The exhaust heat recovery system described in 1.

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