JP2016539018A - Breaking and splitting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a break splitting device comprising a spreader element assembly (45) comprising a first spreader element and at least one second spreader element (41, 42), the first spreader element and at least one second spreader element, Is formed by the operating body (43) in order to form a fracture surface (90) extending radially away from the bearing opening (89) in the engine part (80). 89) and a spread position where the contact surface (52-55) of the outer periphery (46) contacts the inner periphery (94) of the bearing opening (89). According to the present invention, the contact surfaces (52 to 55) of the spreader element assembly (45) have contact surfaces (52 to 55) whose positions can be confirmed on both sides of the target breakage point (95) of the engine component (80). The corresponding contact surfaces (52 to 55) extend to a contact angle range (57) of a total of 35 ° to 120 ° around the target breakage point (95), respectively, and the inner periphery of the bearing opening (89). (94) is abutted in a planar manner, and a total of at least four raised abutment surfaces (52-55) of the spreader element assembly (45) are provided to abut against the bearing opening (89).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

  The present invention relates to a breaking and splitting device for breaking and splitting engine parts, in particular connecting rods, a spreader element assembly having a first spreader element and at least one second spreader element, and a first component of an engine part, in particular a connecting rod. An operating body for operating the spreader element assembly from a positioning position to a spread position for separating the cap from a second component of the engine part, in particular the large end of the connecting rod, when the spreader element is in the positioning position The spreader element can be inserted along the longitudinal axis into the bearing opening of the engine part, and when in the spread position, the spreader element pushes the inner periphery of the bearing opening with its abutment surface at its outer periphery, thereby The first component of the second component under the formation of the fracture split surface Away broken from Component, fracture splitting surface extends radially away from the bearing opening, to fracture splitting device.

  Such a break-splitting device is described, for example, in EP 0999912. In this patent specification it is proposed to introduce a pressing force over a partial surface area or line in the bearing opening during spread. Therefore, the spreader mandrel has, for example, a spherical shape or a conical shape, and in any case, no pressing force is applied to the entire surface of the bearing opening or the hole. However, satisfactory results are not always obtained when such a break is divided.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved fracture splitting device.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the break splitting device of the type described at the beginning, the contact surface of the spreader element assembly for contacting the bearing opening is one contact surface on each side of each break split surface. And the corresponding contact surface extends in a contact angle range of a total of 35 ° to 120 ° around the target breakage point, each contacted in a planar manner to the inner periphery of the bearing opening, and at least the entire spreader element assembly. Four contact surfaces are provided so as to contact the bearing opening.

  The basic idea in this case is that the fracture splitting device does not act on the entire surface of the bearing opening, but applies a pressing force exclusively to the area of the fracture splitting surface, that is, the target breakage area of the two engine component components. This means that a break and split occurs. However, in practice and by experiment, optimal breakage may not be obtained by introducing a force only in a thin linear region or a dotted region, as in a conical or spherical spread mandrel. It turns out that there is no. Thus, the break splitting device according to the present invention takes another approach, i.e., the surface of the spreader element assembly over the region of the target break point, for example over an angle range of 35 ° to 120 °, or more preferably 40 ° to 110 °. Make contact with each other.

  It is conceivable that the contact surface is formed by a mounting component that is mounted on the base of each spreader element. For example, a kind of half shell may be disposed on a crack mandrel element or crack mandrel substrate and may provide an abutment surface positioned according to the present invention. However, in the illustrated embodiment, a “single piece” spreader mandrel is shown, ie a spreader mandrel whose abutment surface is located directly on the base spreader mandrel. This spreader mandrel is not loaded with a half shell or the like.

  In this case, the target breakage points form so-called angle bisectors, that is, the angular range in which the contact surface acts on the bearing opening should extend substantially symmetrically about the respective target breakage points. Is purposeful.

In short, unlike the prior art, planar pressure introduction is performed, and at this time, the pressure introduction is performed toward the area surrounding the fracture split surface or the target fracture location.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the contact angle range of the contact surface is a total size of about 60 ° to 90 °. More preferably, if the contact angle range is narrower, that is, the contact angle range is, for example, only 50 ° to 80 °. In any case, a contact angle range of a narrow contact surface limited to a narrow angle range is preferable.

The following measures are advantageous in the sense of planar contact of the contact surface with the inner periphery of the bearing opening.
It is preferred that one or all of the outer radii of the abutment surface substantially correspond to the inner radius of the respective section of the inner periphery of the bearing opening against which the respective abutment surface abuts. Of course, it is preferable if the radii match exactly.

  In yet another advantageous measure, one or all abutment surfaces are cylindrical. This measure is also related to the purposely cylindrical bearing opening configuration, where optimum pressure introduction is possible based on the abutment surface of the spreader element assembly being cylindrical.

  In this sense, it can also be understood that the curvature of the inner circumference of the bearing opening is usually not provided with respect to the longitudinal axis, i.e. it is for example cylindrical. Even if curvature exists, the following advantageous measures are effective.

  It is preferred if one or all abutment surfaces have no curvature with respect to the longitudinal axis. This is related to the inner peripheral surface that is not curved in the longitudinal axis direction of the bearing opening. Alternatively, it is preferable if the longitudinal axis has a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the inner periphery of the bearing opening.

In all the three measures described above, it is achieved that the respective contact surfaces come into contact with the respective inner circumferential sections in a planar shape.
However, it must also be taken into account that neither the spreader element assembly nor the workpiece to be machined has the correct dimensions, and dimensional tolerances always occur in practice. In particular, for engine parts such as connecting rods, there are relatively large dimensional tolerances in practice, so the spreader element assembly may have the correct dimensions, i.e. the correct outer radius according to the above measures. Not all, but the engine parts assigned to it unfortunately are not dimensional and vary over a relatively large tolerance range. However, in other words, this also means that the abutment of the abutment surface to the bearing opening is particularly advantageous. In any case, in the area of the abutment surface, there are usually a plurality of abutment areas in which the spreader element assembly applies pressure to the components of the engine part.

  An angular distance is provided between the abutment surfaces of the spreader element assembly that is assigned to one of the components of the engine part, i.e. the first component or the second component, so that the spreader element assembly can have a bearing opening between the fracture split surfaces. In the apex region of the part, it is appropriate not to contact the inner periphery of the bearing opening at all or to contact it in the sense of pressing. This results in the introduction of pressure at break in the contact angle region and thereby in the break split surface region. Thus, in summary, the apex region of the bearing opening between the fracture split surfaces is unpressed or a slight pressure is applied, while the main pressure is applied to the fracture split region during the spread process. It is done.

  Advantageously, at least one abutment surface or all abutment surfaces have a fracture split surface angular distance with respect to their respective fracture split surfaces. Thereby, when in the tightening position, direct pressure introduction is not performed directly at the split fracture surface or at the target fracture location by at least one abutment surface or all abutment surfaces. Thus, that is, pressure is not applied directly towards the plane of the fracture splitting surface, but at an angular distance from it. That is, the abutment surface is arranged at a distance near the target breakage point, which is useful for optimal splitting.

  It is expedient for the aforementioned fracture splitting surface angular distance to be in the range of about 1 ° to 15 °, but preferably in a smaller range, for example 2 ° to 13 °. It is further preferable that the contact surface is not in direct contact with the inner periphery of the bearing opening in the region of the target breakage point or breakage split surface in the range of 5 ° to 12 °, and in any case does not come into contact for pressure introduction. .

  It is expedient for the at least one abutment surface to have a longitudinal distance, relative to the longitudinal axis, relative to at least one longitudinal end of the bearing opening at the end face of the engine part during the fracture split. In summary, therefore, the pressure introduction is not carried out up to the end face of the engine part or over the entire longitudinally extending direction of the bearing opening, but rather in the inner region of the bearing opening with respect to the longitudinal axis. It is preferable if such longitudinal distances are provided toward both ends in the longitudinal direction.

  In the longitudinal direction, each contact surface in the spreader element assembly, or a region acting on the bearing opening of the plurality of contact surfaces, is a contact surface during the fracture splitting, in particular the bearing opening in the longitudinal direction. Adjust to apply pressure to only about three-quarters of the total height or length, preferably only about two-thirds, more preferably only about one-half or one-third. It is further advantageous if

  In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one abutment surface is strip-shaped. It is also possible for the abutment surface to be circular or elliptical. In any case, it is always desirable and advantageous to contact the inner periphery of the bearing opening with the largest possible contact surface. As a matter of course, it is possible to combine a plurality of strip-shaped contact surfaces that extend in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal axis direction and overlap in the longitudinal axis direction, for example. In the embodiment according to the drawing, only one such abutment band is shown.

  Suitably, the first spreader element and / or the at least one second spreader element have a semicircular perimeter. Each abutment surface of this spreader element is provided in the region of the respective longitudinal end of the semicircle. However, as already described, the distance, that is, the above-described fracture split surface angular distance may be provided. In the case of these semicircular spreader elements, it is preferred that no abutment surface be provided in the apex region of each spreader element.

  Suitably, the first spreader element and the at least one second spreader element each have an outer circumference corresponding to a semicircle of about 180 °. This semicircular embodiment of the spreader element is particularly preferred, since the fracture splitting surfaces, for example, extend away from one another at the bearing openings.

  Of course, it is also conceivable that three spreader elements are provided. In this configuration, for example, the first spreader element has an angular range of about 180 ° (corresponding to a semicircle), while the other two spreader elements each have an angular range of, for example, a maximum of 60 ° each. Absent.

  In yet another configuration, a plurality of spreader elements, for example, four spreader elements, are provided, and each of the two spreader elements has a target breakage point or a contact surface angle range on both sides of the break split surface. It is in charge, that is, it has a contact surface according to the present invention. However, in the very apex region between these abutment surfaces, there is no need for a spreader element or a section of spreader elements. That is, pressurization to the bearing opening is performed over a predetermined angular distance only in the region of the target breakage point.

  Conveniently, the spreader element assembly is provided on a spreader mandrel. That is, it is expedient for the spreader mandrel to have an introduction ramp at the end face, whereby the spreader element assembly can be easily introduced into the bearing opening.

  Preferably, the first spreader element is assigned to the first component of the engine part and at least one second spreader element is assigned to the second component. It is expedient for no spreader element to be provided in the area between these components, i.e. the target break or break splitting surface. Conveniently, the spreader element is configured to apply pressure to each assigned component of the engine part when in the spread position.

  It is expedient to provide a wedge surface assembly between the operating body and the first spreader element and / or at least one second spreader element, via which the operating body is connected to the first spreader. Manipulate the element and / or the second spreader element. It is expedient that the operating body can be driven by a spreader drive, for example an electric motor type, a fluid type or a combined electrohydrodynamic spreader drive. For example, while the first spreader element is stationary, the second spreader element can arrange the spreader driving device so that the operating body can be operated between the positioning position and the spread position. However, it is also possible for two or all spreader elements to be operable or drivable by a spreader drive or operating body.

  The operating body is disposed on the driven head of the spreader driving device, and the spreader driving device has a hitting mass for generating hitting on the driven head and is movable relative to the driven head. It is expedient for the spreader drive device to include an impact drive device for driving the impacting body towards the driven head within the frame of the impact impact operation of the fracture splitting device.

Suitably, the fracture splitting device is formed so as to be disposed in a bearing opening of an engine component, for example, a hole in a connecting rod.
It is preferred that the break-splitting device is a component of the machine tool or the machining center or both.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The side view of the machine tool which has a fracture | rupture dividing apparatus based on this invention is shown. FIG. 2 shows a bottom view of the machine tool according to FIG. 1 and a front top view of the break-splitting device and the workpiece holding device. FIG. 3 shows a detail D1 from FIG. FIG. 4 shows a perspective perspective view of a spreader element assembly of a break splitting device. FIG. 4 shows a perspective perspective view of a connecting rod with a contact surface with a spreader element assembly marked. FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view (without hatching) along the section line AA of the spreader element assembly according to FIG. 4. FIG. 6 shows a partial view of the connecting rod cap of the connecting rod according to FIG. 5 approximately corresponding to the part D2 in FIG. 5 with the breaking progress schematically indicated by arrows in the breaking division process according to the invention (in the line-of-sight direction B). FIG. 8 shows the connecting rod cap according to FIG. 7 with a break-up progress in the case of conventional and not break-breaking processes according to the invention.

  The machine tool 10, which may be a machining center or a component of the machining center, schematically shown in the drawings, has a break dividing device 40 for breaking and dividing an engine component 80. The machine tool 10 is sometimes called a divider.

  The machine tool 10 is for processing a connecting rod 81 as an engine part 80, for example, but splitting of a bearing cap of an engine block, for example, is an alternative field of application of the present invention. Other workpieces can basically be broken and broken in this manner.

  The connecting rod 81 includes a connecting rod shank 82. The connecting rod shank has a so-called small hole 84, ie a bearing opening, a bearing hole or a bearing notch, and a large hole 83, likewise a bearing opening 89, a bearing hole or a bearing notch in one end region. Both bearing openings or holes 83 and 84 are provided for rotational connection with, for example, a crankshaft and a piston (not shown).

In the region of the large hole 83 or the bearing opening 89, the machine tool 10 performs the following processing.
The breaking component 40 separates the first component 91 of the engine part 80, i.e. the connecting rod cap 86, from the connecting rod large end 85, i.e. the second component 92 of the engine part 80, thereby defining laterally large holes 83 respectively. A fracture split surface 90 is formed along the side leg 93 of the connecting rod large end 85 and the side leg of the connecting rod cap 86. In an ideal case, since the surface topography of the two fracture split surfaces is the same, these fracture split surfaces 90 are fitted in a shape coupling manner.

  The machine tool 10 and / or machining center may have a notching tool for laser notching, for example, which is not shown in the drawings. In any case, it is advantageous to provide a notch 88 for facilitating fracture division in a region that will later become a fracture division surface or a fracture division line. However, the notch 88 may be provided in it from the beginning, for example, when the connecting rod 81 is manufactured as a cast or sintered part.

  The machine tool 10 includes a machine table 11, for example, a machine bed, and a workpiece holding device 12 is disposed on the machine bed. The workpiece, that is, the engine component 80 or the connecting rod 81 can be held by the workpiece holding device while another processing is performed by the fracture dividing device 40. The workpiece holding device 12 may constitute a component of the fracture dividing device 40.

  The connecting rod 81 or the engine component 80 is supported from below by the workpiece support device 13. The support device 13 can act directly on the engine component 80, ie directly support it, or support the cassette 23 containing, for example, the engine component 80 / connecting rod 81.

  During processing by the fracture splitting device 40, the connecting rod 81 is supported by support devices 14, 15, 16, 17 that act from the side. The support heads 18, 19 of the support device serve to support, for example, from the side of the connecting rod cap 86, while the support heads 20 and 21 of the support devices 16, 17 are connected to the other side, ie the connecting rod large end 85. Support from the side. Therefore, in any case, the connecting rod 81 is reliably held during the fracture split processing.

  Furthermore, the machine tool 10 supplies the round table 22 or other workpiece conveying device that can supply the workpiece, ie the engine part 80 or the connecting rod 81, to the fracture splitting device 40 or carry it away from the fracture splitting device 40 again. including. For example, a cassette 23 is disposed on the round table 22.

  In front of the machine base 11, a stand 25 formed in the form of, for example, a tower, a support frame or the like protrudes upward. The stand 25 carries the guide device 26 or forms a guide device. The guide device 26 includes a linear guide 27 that guides the fracture dividing device 40 linearly. Using a positioning drive 28, for example an electric drive, a pneumatic drive, or a fluid drive, the break separator 40 is moved to a lower working position in a state where it is ready to machine the engine part 80 or the connecting rod 81, When the dividing device 40 is moved away from the engine part 80 / connecting rod 81, for example, the round table 22 is switched first, and the unprocessed workpiece is supplied to another processing by the fracture dividing device 40, so that the workpiece can be replaced. It can be displaced between positions. The fracture dividing device 40 is arranged on a carriage 29 that is linearly guided along the linear guide 27 or the guide device 26, for example.

The break splitting device 40 includes a first spreader element 41 and a second spreader element 42 of the spreader element assembly 45.
The operating body 43 can push the spreader elements 41 and / or 42 radially outward. In this case, the spreader element separates the connecting rod cap 86 from the connecting rod large end 85 of the connecting rod 81. Then, as described above, a fracture split surface is generated in the region of the notch 88. In this embodiment, a wedge surface assembly (not shown) acts between the operating body 43 and the second spreader element 42, whereby the second spreader element 42 is connected to the connecting rod large end 85, that is, the second component 92 of the engine component 80. In this case, the first component 91, that is, the connecting rod cap 86 is splashed.

  The components 91 and 92 separated from each other are joined again to each other in a later work process, for example, when the machine tool 10 is a component of a machining center, and are screwed together, for example. For the screw, for example, mounting passages 87 or holes are provided through the two side legs 93.

The spreader elements 41 and 42 define a guide housing portion 44 for housing and guiding the operating body 43. The operation body 43 includes, for example, a so-called wedge spreader.
The two spreader elements 41, 42 have an outer peripheral contour on the outer periphery 46 that is in press contact with the bearing opening 89. This outer peripheral contour matches the inner peripheral contour of the bearing opening 89, that is, the inner periphery 94 of the hole 83. Thus, the spreader elements 41, 42 can abut the inner circumference 94 of the hole 83 in conformity with the shape. The spreader elements 41 and 42 are, for example, spreader jaws.

  The operating body 43 can be driven by the spreader driving device 50. The spreader drive device includes, for example, a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic drive device, or other fluid drive device similar thereto. Alternatively, a linear drive, for example an electrical linear drive, could be possible. The spreader drive 50 may include an impact drive and / or a strike mass.

  Both spreader elements 41, 42 each have an insertion ramp 47 that facilitates insertion into the bearing opening 89 in the region of the end face. When the operating body 43 or the wedge spreader is displaced in a direction away from the spreader elements 41 and 42, these spreader elements take a positioning position. When in this position, the spreader element assembly 45, which forms a single spreader mandrel 48, can be inserted along the longitudinal axis 35 into the bearing opening 89. The operating body 43 is then displaced by the spreader drive 50 towards the spreader elements 41 and 42, so that these spreader elements are radially outward and transverse to the longitudinal axis 35 (arrow 61). To displace and take the spread position. When in this spread position, the spreader elements 41 and 42 apply a pressing force radially outward to the components 91 and 92 of the engine part 80 at the bearing opening 89.

The spreader elements 41 and 42 are supported by a holding region 49, for example, on the carriage 29 so as to be movable laterally with respect to the longitudinal axis 35.
Both spreader elements 41 and 42 form a spreader mandrel 48.

  The introduction of force or pressing force at the time of fracture splitting is performed in the region of the fracture splitting surface 90 in the bearing opening 89, that is, in the region of the target breakage point 95 at the position facing each other. Is already in place.

  The outer periphery 46 of the two spreader elements 41, 42 is substantially cylindrical. This coincides with the cylindrical inner contour of the inner periphery 94 of the engine component 80 in the region of the bearing opening 89. As such, that is, as such, the entire outer contour of the two outer perimeters 46 will fit exactly into the bearing opening 89. And as a result, there will be a uniform pressure in itself. In the present invention, however, this is not desired, and force should be introduced in the region of the two target breaks 95.

  Abutment surfaces 52, 53, 54 and 55 project radially outwardly in front of the outer peripheral surface 51 which basically defines the outer periphery 46 of the spreader elements 41, 42, ie the spreader elements 41, 42 are broken and split. At times, the contact surfaces 52 to 55 contact the inner periphery 94 of the bearing opening 89. In this case, the contact surfaces 52 to 55 act on the contact regions 96 to 99 on the inner periphery 94 of the bearing opening 89. The contact regions 96 to 99 are similarly planar and coincide with the contact surfaces 52 to 55.

  The contact surfaces 52 to 55 protrude and protrude in front of the outer peripheral surface 51. The contact surfaces 52 to 55 substantially correspond to the outer peripheral surface 51, that is, have an outer contour that is substantially cylindrical. Thereby, the contact surfaces 52 to 55 contact the contact regions 96 to 99 in a planar shape, that is, pressure is applied uniformly.

  Each of the contact surfaces 52 to 55 has a fracture split surface angular distance 56 from the target fracture point 95 or the fracture split surface 90. Thus, the spreader element assembly 45 does not directly push the target break 95 but acts on the bearing opening 89 slightly laterally therefrom.

Here, the contact surfaces 52 to 55 are band-shaped. These extend in total over a contact angle range 57 of, for example, 60-90 °, where 90 ° is selected.
Furthermore, the abutment surfaces 52-55 extend only partly, not over the entire height 100 (with respect to the longitudinal axis 35) of the bearing opening 89. Here, the contact surfaces 52 to 55 have a longitudinal distance 58 from the upper end surface 101 of the engine component 80 and also from the opposite end surface of the engine component 80 that is not visible in the drawing. It is arranged. That is, the contact surfaces 52 to 55 act as a whole at the center of the height or the longitudinal direction with respect to the height 100 or the longitudinal axis 35 in the bearing opening 89 at the time of fracture division.

  7 is generated, that is, the main pressing force 59 is applied to the bearing opening 89 at the so-called height center or longitudinal center with respect to the longitudinal axis 35 in the contact region 96-99. It is advantageous that the breakage progress indicated by the arrows or the dissociation progress of the two components 91 and 92 occurs. In the region of the fracture splitting surface 90, the “separation arrows” are not directly facing each other on the opposite side of the force arrow of the pressing force 59, that is, in the segment 103 of the engine component 80. It becomes substantially stepless.

  This is in contrast to the prior art, that is, the conventional break-up splitting, in which the force is not introduced approximately at the center of the region of the mounting passage 87, but usually over the entire height 100 of the bearing opening 89. is there. However, the main pressing force 60 acts particularly in the immediate vicinity of the attachment passage 87. This is because the resistance of the wall 102 of the assembly passage 87 to the pressing force 60 is relatively small, that is, slightly deviates.

  As a matter of course, instead of the substantially rectangular contact surfaces 52 to 55, for example, circular or elliptical contact surfaces are also possible. Further, for example, each of the abutment surfaces 52 may be provided with interruptions in the circumferential direction of the spreader elements 41, 42, thereby forming eg 2 or 3 or more strip-like abutment surfaces, These may extend over the outer periphery 46 and extend transversely to the longitudinal axis 35.

A fracture split surface angular distance greater than or less than the fracture split surface angular distance 56 may be provided.
The contact angle range 57 may be larger or smaller. The contact angle range 57 does not need to be symmetric with respect to the target breakage point 95. For example, the contact surfaces 52 and 53 may extend over an angular range of the outer periphery 46 that is larger than the other two contact surfaces 54 and 55.

  Furthermore, instead of the abutment surface extending consistently over the outer peripheral section, it is also possible for the abutment surface to be provided at intervals over the peripheral section, as is the abutment surface 52-55. For example, it is conceivable that the abutment surfaces 52 and / or 53 are separated with respect to the outer periphery 46, i.e. have two circumferential sections 53a, 53b, respectively.

Claims (13)

  A break splitting device for splitting engine parts (80), in particular connecting rods (81), comprising a first spreader element (41) and at least one second spreader element (42). In order to separate the first component (91) of the engine part (80), in particular the connecting rod cap (86), from the second component (92) of the engine part (80), in particular the connecting rod large end (85). And an operating body (43) for operating the spreader element assembly (45) from a positioning position to a spread position, and when the spreader element (41, 42) is in the positioning position, a longitudinal axis (35 ) And can be inserted into the bearing opening (89) of the engine component (80) and the spread position At one time, the inner periphery (94) of the bearing opening (89) is pushed by the contact surfaces (52-55) on the outer periphery (46), thereby the first component (91) of the engine component (80). ) Ruptured away from the second component (92) under the formation of the fracture split surface (90), the fracture split surface (90) extending in a direction radially away from the bearing opening (89) In the fracture splitting device, the contact surfaces (52 to 55) of the spreader element assembly (45) that are in contact with the bearing opening (89) on both sides of the target fracture location (95) are the respective fracture split surfaces ( 90) each including one abutment surface (52-55), and the corresponding abutment surface (52-55) has a contact angle range (57 to 57 ° in total around the target breakage point (95)). ) The bearing opening (89) is in a planar contact with the inner periphery (94), and the spreader element assembly (45) has at least four contact surfaces (52 to 55) in the bearing opening (89). Breaking and splitting device provided so as to abut on.   The fracture splitting device according to claim 1, wherein the contact angle range (57) of the contact surfaces (52 to 55) is about 60 to 90 degrees in total.   The outer radius of one or all of the abutment surfaces (52-55) substantially corresponds to the inner radius of the respective section of the inner circumference (94) of the bearing opening (89) and / or One or all abutment surfaces (52-55) are cylindrical and / or one or all abutment surfaces (52-55) have a curvature with respect to the longitudinal axis (35). Or has a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the inner periphery (94) of the bearing opening (89) so that the respective contact surfaces (52-55) are planar in the respective inner peripheral sections. The fracture | rupture dividing apparatus of Claim 1 or 2 contact | abutted.   An angular distance is provided between the abutment surfaces (52-55) of the spreader element assembly (45) assigned to one of the components (91, 92) of the first component and the second component, The spreader element assembly (45) does not contact or press the inner periphery (94) of the bearing opening at the apex region of the bearing opening (89) between the fracture split surfaces (90). Non-contact, meaning that, during the break split, the pressure introduction takes place in the contact angle range (57) and thus in the region of the break split surface (90). Breaking and splitting device.   At least one abutment surface (52-55) or all abutment surfaces (52-55) have a fracture split surface angular distance (56) relative to said respective fracture split surface (90), thereby When in the spread position, the at least one abutment surface (52-55) or all the abutment surfaces (52-55) directly introduces pressure into the fracture split surface (90). The break dividing device according to any one of the preceding claims.   Any of the preceding claims, wherein the fracture split surface angular distance (56) is in the range of about 1-15 °, more preferably in the range of 2-13 °, and even more preferably in the range of 5 ° -12 °. The fracture splitting apparatus according to item 1.   During the fracture split, at least one abutment surface (52-55) is at least one of the bearing opening (89) in one end surface (101) of the engine component (80) with respect to the longitudinal axis (35). A fracture splitting device according to any one of the preceding claims, having a longitudinal distance (58) relative to the longitudinal end.   The break splitting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one abutment surface (52-55) or all abutment surfaces (52-55) are strip-shaped or circular.   The first spreader element (41) and / or the at least one second spreader element (42) have a semicircular perimeter (46) and the respective abutment surface of the spreader element (41, 42). (52-55) are provided in the region of the respective longitudinal ends of the semicircle and / or abut the region of the apex of the outer periphery (46) of the respective spreader element (41, 42). The fracture splitting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surfaces (52 to 55) are not provided.   The first spreader element (41) and the at least one second spreader element (42) each have an outer periphery (46) corresponding to a semicircle of about 180 °, and the fracture splitting surface (90) is Breaking and splitting device according to any one of the preceding claims, extending apart on the opposite side of the bearing opening (89).   The spreader element assembly (45) is provided on or forms a spreader mandrel (48) and / or the first spreader element (41) is the first of the engine component (80). Of the engine component (80) when assigned to the component (91) and when the at least one second spreader element (42) is assigned to the second component (92) and is in the spread position. Breaking and splitting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein pressure is applied to each assigned component (91, 92).   A wedge surface assembly is provided between the operating body (43) and the first spreader element (41) and / or the at least one second spreader element (42) and / or the operating body (43 The break splitting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the breaker can be driven by a spreader drive device (50).   Breaking and splitting device according to any one of the preceding claims, constituting a component of a machine tool (10) and / or a machining center.

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