JP2016532039A - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0871—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. by adjusting the dosing of reducing agent
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
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- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
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- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1473—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
- F02D41/1475—Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
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- F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
- F01N2370/02—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
- F01N2430/06—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by varying fuel-air ratio, e.g. by enriching fuel-air mixture
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F01N2900/0422—Methods of control or diagnosing measuring the elapsed time
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F01N2900/1614—NOx amount trapped in catalyst
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
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- F01N2900/1622—Catalyst reducing agent absorption capacity or consumption amount
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- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
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- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
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- F02D2200/0808—NOx storage capacity, i.e. maximum amount of NOx that can be stored on NOx trap
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Abstract
Description
図1を参照すると、1は機関本体、2は各気筒の燃焼室、3は各燃焼室2内に夫々燃料を噴射するための電子制御式燃料噴射弁、4は吸気マニホルド、5は排気マニホルドを夫々示す。吸気マニホルド4は吸気ダクト6を介して排気ターボチャージャ7のコンプレッサ7aの出口に連結され、コンプレッサ7aの入口は吸入空気量検出器8を介してエアクリーナ9に連結される。吸気ダクト6内にはアクチュエータにより駆動されるスロットル弁10が配置され、吸気ダクト6周りには吸気ダクト6内を流れる吸入空気を冷却するための冷却装置11が配置される。図1に示される実施例では機関冷却水が冷却装置11内に導かれ、機関冷却水によって吸入空気が冷却される。
この第2のNOx浄化方法では図12に示されるように塩基性層53に吸蔵された吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが予め定められた許容量MAXを越えたときに排気浄化触媒13に流入する排気ガスの空燃比(A/F)inが一時的にリッチにされる。排気ガスの空燃比(A/F)inがリッチにされると、排気ガスの空燃比(A/F)inがリーンのときに塩基性層53内に吸蔵されたNOxが塩基性層53から一気に放出されて還元される。それによってNOxが浄化される。
図21を参照すると、まず初めにステップ60において、排気浄化触媒13の触媒温度等から第1のNOX 浄化方法を行うべきか否が判別される。第1のNOX 浄化方法を行うべきでない、即ち第2のNOX 浄化方法を行うべきであると判別されたときにはステップ61に進んで図13に示すマップから単位時間当りの排出NOx量NOXAが算出される。次いでステップ62では、ΣNOXに単位時間当りの排出NOx量NOXAを加算することによって吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが算出される。次いでステップ63では吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが許容値MAXを越えたか否かが判別される。ΣNOX>MAXになると、燃焼室2内にリッチ空燃比の燃焼ガスを生成し得る運転状態であれば、ステップ64に進んで図15に示されるマップからリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射の燃料量WRが算出される。次いでステップ65ではこの燃料量WRに基づいてリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射を行うリッチ制御が行われ、このとき排気浄化触媒13に流入する排気ガスの空燃比は第1の目標リッチ空燃比AFとされる。次いで、ステップ66ではΣNOXがクリアされる。
図22を参照すると、まず初めにステップ70において、図15に示されるマップからリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射の燃料量WRが算出される。次いでステップ71では、この燃料量WRに予め定められた補正係数KFを乗算することによって最終的な燃料量WR(=KF・WR)が算出される。この補正係数KRは1.0よりも大きい一定値である。次いでステップ72ではこの最終的な燃料量WRに基づいてリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射を行うリッチ制御が行われ、このとき排気浄化触媒13に流入する排気ガスの空燃比は第2の目標リッチ空燃比AFMとされる。次いで、ステップ73ではΣNOXがクリアされる。
図23を参照すると、まず初めにステップ80において、図15に示されるマップからリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射の燃料量WRが算出される。次いでステップ81では、排気浄化触媒13の塩基性層53に吸蔵された吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが許容量NMAXを越えたか否かが判別される。吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが許容量NMAXを越えていないときにはステップ83に進む。ステップ83では、算出された燃料量WRに基づいてリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射を行うリッチ制御が行われ、このとき排気浄化触媒13に流入する排気ガスの空燃比は第1の目標リッチ空燃比AFとされる。これに対し、ステップ81において、吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが許容量NMAXを越えていると判別されたときにはステップ82に進み、ステップ80において算出された燃料量WRに予め定められた補正係数KFを乗算することによって最終的な燃料量WR(=KF・WR)が算出される。この補正係数KRは1.0よりも大きい一定値である。次いでステップ83に進む。ステップ83では、算出された最終的な燃料量WRに基づいてリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射を行うリッチ制御が行われ、このとき排気浄化触媒13に流入する排気ガスの空燃比は第2の目標リッチ空燃比AFMとされる。次いで、ステップ84ではΣNOXがクリアされる。
図24を参照すると、まず初めにステップ90において、図15に示されるマップからリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射の燃料量WRが算出される。次いでステップ91では、排気浄化触媒13に吸蔵されているNOx量ΣNOXDに基づいて、図20に示されるリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射の燃料量WRに対する補正係数KFが算出される。次いで、ステップ92では、燃料量WRにこの補正係数KFを乗算することによって最終的な燃料量WR(=KF・WR)が算出される。次いでステップ93ではこの最終的な燃料量WRに基づいてリッチ燃焼ガス生成噴射を行うリッチ制御が行われ、このとき排気浄化触媒13に流入する排気ガスの空燃比は第2の目標リッチ空燃比AFMとされる。次いで、ステップ94ではΣNOXがクリアされる。
5 排気マニホルド
7 排気ターボチャージャ
12 排気管
13 排気浄化触媒
14 パティキュレートフィルタ
15 炭化水素供給弁
Claims (4)
- 機関排気通路内に配置された排気浄化触媒と、排気浄化触媒上流の機関排気通路内に配置された炭化水素供給弁とを具備しており、該排気浄化触媒の排気ガス流通表面上には貴金属触媒が担持されていると共に該貴金属触媒周りには塩基性層が形成されており、炭化水素供給弁から予め定められた範囲内の周期でもって炭化水素を噴射することにより生成されかつ該塩基性層上に保持された還元性中間体により排気ガス中に含まれるNOX を還元する第1のNOX 浄化方法と、排気ガスの空燃比がリーンのときに排気浄化触媒に吸蔵されたNOX を排気浄化触媒から放出させて還元させるべく該予め定められた範囲よりも長い周期でもって排気浄化触媒に流入する排気ガスの空燃比がリッチにされる第2のNOX 浄化方法とが用いられている内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、第2のNOX 浄化方法が用いられているときに排気浄化触媒から吸蔵されたNOX を放出させるときには、燃焼室内にリッチ空燃比の燃焼ガスを生成することによって排気浄化触媒に流入する排気ガスの空燃比が第1の目標リッチ空燃比とされ、第2のNOX 浄化方法から第1のNOX 浄化方法に切替えられるときは、燃焼室内にリッチ空燃比の燃焼ガスを生成することによって排気浄化触媒に流入する排気ガスの空燃比が該第1の目標リッチ空燃比よりも小さな第2の目標リッチ空燃比とされる内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 上記第1の目標リッチ空燃比は機関の運転状態に応じて変化し、上記第2の目標リッチ空燃比は、第1の目標リッチ空燃比のうちで最小の目標リッチ空燃比よりも小さい請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 第2のNOX 浄化方法から第1のNOX 浄化方法に切替えられるときに排気浄化触媒に吸蔵されているNOX量が予め定められているNOX量よりも多いときに、排気浄化触媒に流入する排気ガスの空燃比が上記第2の目標リッチ空燃比とされる請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 第2のNOX 浄化方法から第1のNOX 浄化方法に切替えられるときに排気浄化触媒に吸蔵されているNOX量が多いほど、上記第2の目標リッチ空燃比が小さくされる請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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| PCT/JP2014/067849 WO2015025624A1 (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-06-27 | Exhaust purification system of internal combustion engine |
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| JP6183537B2 JP6183537B2 (ja) | 2017-08-23 |
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| WO2004097200A1 (ja) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
| JP4868096B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-03 | 2012-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| WO2013118254A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-07 | 2013-08-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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| DE10023439A1 (de) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-22 | Dmc2 Degussa Metals Catalysts | Verfahren zur Entfernung von Stickoxiden und Rußpartikeln aus dem mageren Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors und Abgasreinigungssystem hierfür |
| US7082753B2 (en) | 2001-12-03 | 2006-08-01 | Catalytica Energy Systems, Inc. | System and methods for improved emission control of internal combustion engines using pulsed fuel flow |
| EP2239432B1 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2013-05-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust purification device for internal combustion engine |
| KR101339523B1 (ko) | 2010-03-15 | 2013-12-10 | 도요타지도샤가부시키가이샤 | 내연 기관의 배기 정화 장치 |
| EP2460990B8 (en) | 2010-08-30 | 2016-12-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
| JP5152415B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-02 | 2013-02-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| JP2012057571A (ja) | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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| WO2004097200A1 (ja) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
| JP4868096B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-03 | 2012-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| WO2013118254A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-07 | 2013-08-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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| CN105473829A (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
| US9617936B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
| WO2015025624A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
| EP3036412A1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| US20160195032A1 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
| JP6183537B2 (ja) | 2017-08-23 |
| EP3036412B1 (en) | 2016-12-21 |
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