JP2016202124A - Plant cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to secure a wide cultivation area and to effectively use light from a lighting device.
The plant cultivation facility (1) is arranged such that each cultivation shelf (31) is arranged in one direction in the cultivation room (12), and each cultivation shelf (31) is operated between the cultivation shelves (31). It can move so that it may be in the cultivation shelf proximity | contact state which does not form a channel | path (101), and the work channel | path formation state which forms a work channel | path (101), and LED illumination (54) is the upper position of a cultivation bed for every cultivation floor Are arranged.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation facility for cultivating a plant in a cultivation floor arranged on a cultivation shelf by light from a lighting device.

  As this type of conventional cultivated plant equipment, for example, those disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are known. In the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1, a plurality of plant cultivation container shelves on which food cultivation containers are placed and a plurality of illumination shelves having light sources are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction. In each plant cultivation container shelf, food cultivation containers are arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction. The cultivated plants in these plant cultivation containers are irradiated with light from the illumination shelves on both sides of the plant cultivation container shelf. These plant cultivation container shelves and lighting shelves can be reciprocated in the direction in which these shelves are arranged, for example, along rails. Therefore, at the time of the operation | work with respect to the cultivation plant in a plant cultivation container, a work channel | path can be formed between a plant cultivation container shelf and an illumination shelf by moving a plant cultivation container shelf and an illumination shelf.

  On the other hand, in the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 2, a plurality of plant cultivation units each having a cultivation bed are provided in the vertical direction, and the plurality of plant cultivation units are arranged in a plurality of rows in the horizontal direction. In the upper position of each cultivation bed, a plurality of lighting rods extending in the row direction of the plant cultivation units are provided side by side in the direction in which the rows of the plant cultivation units are arranged. The row | line | column of a plant cultivation unit is arrange | positioned in the fixed position, and the row | line | columns of an adjacent plant cultivation unit are arrange | positioned at predetermined intervals so that a work channel | path may be ensured.

JP 2011-50288 A (published March 17, 2011) JP 2012-125196 A (published July 5, 2012)

  However, in the configuration described in Patent Document 1, since an illumination shelf exists between adjacent plant cultivation container shelves, the installation area of the plant cultivation container with respect to the installation area of the plant cultivation facility, that is, the cultivation area of the plant is reduced. . For this reason, a wide cultivation area cannot be ensured with respect to the installation area of plant cultivation equipment.

  On the other hand, in the structure of patent document 2, since the illuminating device (lighting basket) is provided in the upper position of the cultivation bed, it is an empty area | region between the rows of adjacent plant cultivation units. That is, since the rows of plant cultivation units are in a fixed state, it is necessary to provide a work path between the rows of adjacent plant cultivation units. For this reason, similarly, a wide cultivation area cannot be ensured with respect to the installation area of the plant cultivation equipment. In addition, a large amount of light emitted from the illumination device, particularly the illumination lamps at both ends, is also emitted to the empty area between the rows of plant cultivation units. For this reason, the light of an illuminating device cannot be used effectively.

  Therefore, this invention aims at provision of the plant cultivation equipment which can ensure a wide cultivation area with respect to the installation area of plant cultivation equipment, and can utilize the light of an illuminating device effectively.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a plant cultivation facility according to one aspect of the present invention includes a cultivation room, a plurality of cultivation floors arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction, and the cultivations. In a plant cultivation facility comprising a cultivation shelf having a lighting device that irradiates light to the floor, each of the cultivation shelves is arranged to line up in one direction of the cultivation room, and between adjacent cultivation shelves It is possible to move in the one direction and the opposite direction of the one direction so as to be a cultivation shelf proximity state that does not form a work passage and a work passage formation state that forms a work passage between adjacent cultivation shelves, The illuminating device is characterized by being arranged at an upper position of the cultivation bed for each cultivation floor.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, a wide cultivation area can be ensured with respect to the installation area of the plant cultivation facility, and the light of the lighting device can be used effectively.

It is a front view which shows the outline | summary of the plant cultivation equipment of embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. It is a side view of the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. It is a front view of the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the structure of the rear part of the caster attachment member of the foremost part of the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the front part of the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. It is a front view of the some cultivation shelf which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the proximity sensor in the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the arrangement | positioning state of LED lighting in the cultivation shelf shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the nutrient solution supply system, waste-liquid collection | recovery system, and the electrical system for illumination of the plant cultivation equipment shown in FIG. It is a block diagram about the structure of the control system of each apparatus with which the plant cultivation equipment shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is explanatory drawing which shows the irradiation state of the light with respect to the planter by LED illumination in the cultivation shelf proximity | contact state in the plant cultivation equipment shown in FIG. It is a block diagram about the composition of the control system of each device with which the plant cultivation equipment of other embodiments of the present invention is provided.

[Embodiment 1]
[Configuration of plant cultivation equipment 1]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an outline of a plant cultivation facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the plant cultivation facility 1 includes a cultivation room 12 surrounded by an inner wall 11, and the inner wall 11 is further surrounded by an outer wall 13. A gas blowing chamber 14 is formed between the lower wall of the inner wall 11 and the lower wall of the outer wall 13, that is, under the floor of the cultivation room 12, and between the side wall and the top wall of the inner wall 11 and the side wall and the top wall of the outer wall 13. The enclosure 15 is formed. A drainage recovery chamber 16 is formed below the lower wall of the outer wall 13, and a drainage recovery pump 17 is provided in the drainage recovery chamber 16.

  Ventilation holes are formed in the lower wall and upper wall of the cultivation room 12, and ventilation between the gas blowing chamber 14 and the cultivation room 12 and ventilation between the cultivation room 12 and the upper part of the enclosure room 15 are possible.

  The plant cultivation facility 1 further includes an air conditioner 18 outside the outer wall 13. The air conditioner 18 adjusts the temperature of air sucked from the outside to a predetermined temperature range (or a predetermined temperature range and a predetermined humidity range), supplies the air to the cultivation room 12, and sucks air. For this purpose, an air supply duct 19 and an intake duct 20 are connected to the air conditioner 18. In addition, in FIG. 1 (front view of the plant cultivation equipment 1), the air supply duct 19 and the intake duct 20 are arranged at the same height position, and thus are described in a partially overlapping state.

  In the present embodiment, the air supply duct 19 is branched into two air supply ducts 19a and 19b, and these air supply ducts 19a and 19b pass through the inside of the enclosure 15 from above the outer wall 13, respectively. It extends downward and reaches the gas blowing chamber 14. Specifically, the air outlet of the air supply duct 19 a is disposed at a position corresponding to one end of the cultivation room 12, and the air outlet of the air supply duct 19 b corresponds to the other end of the cultivation room 12. Placed in position. In addition, the position corresponding to one end part of the cultivation room 12 is a position corresponding to one end part in the arrangement direction of the cultivation shelf 31 to be described later in the cultivation room 12, and the other end part of the cultivation room 12. The corresponding position is a position corresponding to the other end portion in the arrangement direction of the cultivation shelves 31 in the cultivation room 12.

  Similarly, the intake duct 20 is branched into two intake ducts 20a and 20b. The intake ducts 20a and 20b are respectively connected to the upper wall and the outer wall of the inner wall 11 in the enclosure 15 from above the outer wall 13. It reaches between 13 upper walls. Specifically, the suction port of the intake duct 20a is disposed at a position corresponding to the one end portion of the cultivation room 12, and the suction port of the intake duct 20b is disposed at the other end portion of the cultivation room 12. It is arranged at the corresponding position.

  A carbon dioxide cylinder 22 is connected to the air supply duct 19 via an electromagnetic valve 21.

  A large number of cultivation shelves 31 are arranged in one direction inside the cultivation room 12. These cultivation shelves 31 are loaded with planters 32 that form a cultivation floor, and are movable in the direction in which the cultivation shelves 31 are arranged.

(Configuration of cultivation shelf 31)
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the cultivation shelf 31. FIG. 3 is a side view of the cultivation shelf 31 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of the cultivation shelf 31 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, in the present embodiment, one cultivation shelf 31 has an elongated shape in the front-rear direction, three in the front-rear direction, and two in the vertical direction (two stages), for a total of six. The planter 32 can be placed. For this reason, the cultivation shelf 31 has four pairs of left and right column members 41 provided at intervals corresponding to the width of the planter 32 in the front-rear direction, and connects a pair of column members 41 arranged in the front-rear direction. There are three pairs of horizontal bar members 42 in the vertical direction. Further, a width direction crosspiece member 43 is provided between the paired row direction horizontal bar members 42.

  A planter placement section 48 on which the planter 32 is placed is located above the first widthwise crosspiece member 43 from the bottom and above the second widthwise crosspiece member 43 from the bottom.

  A caster mounting member 44 extending in the left-right direction is provided at the lower end of each pair of column members 41 arranged in the front-rear direction, and a caster 45 is mounted below the caster mounting member 44. A plurality of casters 45 are provided in the left-right direction. Four casters 45 are provided on the foremost caster mounting member 44 and the last caster mounting member 44, and two are provided on the two central caster mounting members 44. Yes.

  A rotary shaft member 46 extending in the front-rear direction is provided above the two casters 45 provided at the center of each caster mounting member 44 so as to contact the two casters 45. As shown in FIG. 5, the rotary shaft member 46 is pressed by the presser roller 52 so as to be pressed by the two casters 45. FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure of the rear portion of the foremost caster mounting member 44. The presser roller 52 is provided at the rear of the foremost caster mounting member 44.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a pulley 47 is fixed to the rotary shaft member 46 in the vicinity of the front end portion of the rotary shaft member 46. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the structure of the front part of the cultivation shelf 31.

  An L-shaped handle 49 is provided above the pulley 47 of the rotary shaft member 46 and in the vicinity of the second-stage planter mounting portion 48 from the bottom. The handle 49 has a handle shaft portion 49a. When the handle 49 is rotated, the handle shaft portion 49a rotates. A pulley 50 is fixed to the handle shaft 49 a on the handle shaft 49 a, and a belt 51 is installed between the pulley 50 and the pulley 47. Therefore, the rotating shaft member 46 rotates by rotating the handle 49, the caster 45 rotates by rotating the rotating shaft member 46, and the cultivation shelf 31 moves in the lateral direction.

(Arrangement state of proximity sensor 53)
FIG. 7 is a front view of a plurality of cultivation shelves 31 showing the arrangement state of the proximity sensors 53. In addition, in FIG. 7, the structure of the cultivation shelf 31, such as the support | pillar member 41, is simplified and shown. As shown in FIG. 7, the proximity sensor 53 includes a light emitting unit 53a and a light receiving unit 53b. The light emitting part 53 a is attached to one end of the caster attaching member 44 of the cultivation shelf 31, and the light receiving part 53 b is attached to the other end of the caster attaching member 44. Therefore, the proximity sensor 53 is in a state in which the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 are close to each other within a predetermined distance (cultivation shelf proximity state) and in a state in which the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance (cultivation shelf non-proximity state). Is detected. The cultivation shelf non-proximity state includes a state where the work passage 101 is formed between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 (work passage formation state).

  In addition, in this Embodiment, the space | interval of the right and left support | pillar members 41 of the cultivation shelf 31 is about 300 mm. Moreover, in the state which the edge parts which the caster attachment member 44 of the adjacent cultivation shelf 31 opposes contact, the space | interval between the support | pillar members 41 of the adjacent cultivation shelf 31 is also about 300 mm. Therefore, in a state where the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 are brought close to each other so that the opposite ends of the caster mounting members 44 are in contact with each other, the operator cannot enter the work between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31. The width of the work passage 101 is about 1200 mm.

  In addition to the proximity sensor 53 having the light emitting unit 53a and the light receiving unit 53b, the sensor for detecting the cultivation shelf proximity state may have a conventionally known configuration such as a metal detection sensor or a limit switch.

(Arrangement state of LED lighting 54)
LED lighting 54 is provided above the planters 32 arranged on the cultivation shelf 31. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an arrangement state of the LED lighting 54 in the cultivation shelf 31. As shown in FIG. 8, the LED illumination 54 includes a plurality of straight LED-shaped LED illumination tubes 55. Specifically, the LED lighting tube 55 has LED elements arranged in a row inside the tube, and is arranged on the width-direction bar member 43 above the planter 32 so as to line up in the width direction of the cultivation shelf 31. It is attached.

  The LED illumination 54 includes, for example, about 10 to 12 LED illumination tubes 55, some of which are white lamps 55a and the other are magenta lamps 55b. For example, when the LED illumination 54 includes ten LED illumination tubes 55, two are white lamps 55a and the remaining eight are magenta lamps 55b.

(Configuration of nutrient solution supply system, waste solution recovery system, lighting electrical system)
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a nutrient solution supply system, a waste solution recovery system, and an illumination electrical system of the plant cultivation facility 1.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the plant cultivation facility 1 includes a nutrient solution supply device 61 constituting a nutrient solution supply system and a nutrient solution pipe 62 connected to the nutrient solution supply device 61. The nutrient solution supply device 61 is disposed at a rear position of the cultivation shelf 31, and the nutrient solution piping 62 is aggregated up to the rear portion of the cultivation shelf 31 and is branched at the rear portion. The branched nutrient solution piping 62 extends from the rear portion of the cultivation shelf 31 to the front portion of the cultivation shelf 31 and is disposed on each planter 32 disposed on the cultivation shelf 31. As a result, the nutrient solution supplied from the nutrient solution supply device 61 is supplied from the nutrient solution pipe 62 to each planter 32.

  Further, the plant cultivation facility 1 includes a waste liquid tank 71 constituting a waste liquid recovery system, a waste liquid pipe 72 connected to the waste liquid tank 71, and the waste liquid recovery pump 17 (see FIG. 1). The waste liquid tank 71 is disposed at a rear position of the cultivation shelf 31, and the waste liquid pipe 72 is connected to the planter 32 at the end of each row. The planters 32 in each row are connected to each other so that the waste liquid of the nutrient solution flows to the planter 32 in the rearmost part. That is, the waste liquid pipes 72 for collecting the waste liquid are collected at the rear part of the cultivation shelf 31 and connected to the waste liquid tank 71. Further, the connected planter 32 has an inclination of about 1/100 in the flow direction and is installed on the cultivation shelf.

  The waste liquid pipe 72 may extend from the rearmost planter 32 to the frontmost planter 32 in each row so that the waste liquid in each planter 32 can be collected instead of the above configuration. Good. As a result, the waste liquid recovered by the waste liquid pipe 72 is further recovered to the waste liquid tank 71. Further, the waste liquid collected in the waste liquid tank 71 is sent to a waste liquid treatment unit (not shown) outside the plant cultivation facility 1 by the waste liquid collection pump 17.

  The plant cultivation facility 1 includes an illumination power source 81 and an electrical wiring 82 that constitute an illumination electrical system. The electrical wiring 82 is connected to, for example, a commercial power source, extends from the rear of the cultivation shelf 31 to the front of the cultivation shelf 31, and is connected to an illumination power source 81 provided on the cultivation shelf 31. The power supply 81 for illumination is arrange | positioned on the LED illumination 54, and supplies electric power to each LED illumination tube 55 of each LED illumination 54. FIG.

(Control system configuration)
FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control system of each device included in the plant cultivation facility 1. As shown in FIG. 10, the plant cultivation facility 1 includes a control device 91, and the control device 91 includes a CO ₂ sensor 92, an LED changeover switch 93, a proximity sensor 53, an air conditioner 18, an electromagnetic valve 21, and a nutrient solution supply. The apparatus 61, the waste liquid collection pump 17, the power supply 81 for illumination, and the display apparatus 94 are connected.

The CO ₂ sensor 92 is provided in the cultivation room 12 and detects the carbon dioxide concentration in the cultivation room 12.

  The LED changeover switch 93 is operated by an operator when manually turning on / off each LED illumination tube 55 in the LED illumination 54. In the LED changeover switch 93, all LED lighting tubes 55 of the LED lighting 54 are turned on, all LED lighting tubes 55 are turned off, only the white LED lighting tube 55 is turned on, and only the magenta LED lighting tube 55 is turned on. You can switch to the state.

  The LED changeover switch 93 may be provided in each cultivation shelf 31 so as to collectively switch on the LED lighting 54 of each cultivation shelf. Or it is provided in each cultivation shelf 31, and lighting of each LED lighting 54 or lighting of the LED lighting 54 of two steps | paragraphs of upper and lower sides may be switched simultaneously. Alternatively, the LED changeover switch 93 may be configured to switch the lighting of the LED illumination 54 in the cultivation room 12 in one place.

  The control device 91 controls the operations of the air conditioner 18, the electromagnetic valve 21, the nutrient solution supply device 61, the waste solution collection pump 17, the illumination power supply 81, and the display device 94 when the plant cultivation facility 1 is in operation. The display device 94 displays each state of the plant cultivation facility 1.

Specifically, the control device 91 controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 21 so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the cultivation room 12 detected by the CO ₂ sensor 92 becomes a value suitable for plant cultivation. Thus, the concentration of carbon dioxide supplied from the carbon dioxide cylinder 22 to the air supply duct 19 is controlled.

  Further, the control device 91 controls the illumination power supply 81 in accordance with the switching operation of the LED selector switch 93 to switch the LED illumination tube 55 to be turned on and off.

  Moreover, for example, based on the detection result of the proximity sensor 53, the control device 91 is in a state where the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 are close to each other and the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 are separated from each other. It is displayed on the display device 94 that it is in a state (a state in which the work path 101 is formed between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31).

[Operation of plant cultivation equipment 1]
In said structure, the operation | movement of the plant cultivation equipment 1 is demonstrated below. In the operating state of the plant cultivation facility 1, the LED lighting 54, the air conditioner 18, the nutrient solution supply device 61, and the waste liquid collection pump 17 are operated. The operations of these devices are appropriately controlled by the control device 91 according to the type of cultivation plant and the cultivation environment by the plant cultivation facility 1. In addition, cultivated plants are fruits and vegetables, such as a strawberry, for example.

(Arrangement of cultivation shelf 31 in the cultivation state)
In the normal cultivation state of the cultivated plant in the cultivation room 12, the cultivation shelf 31 on which the planter 32 is loaded is arranged in a state where the cultivation shelf 31 is brought in one direction. This state is a cultivation shelf proximity state in which adjacent cultivation shelves 31 are close to each other, and this state is detected by the proximity sensor 53.

  In the cultivation shelf proximity state, since the space between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 is narrow and narrow, the operator usually cannot enter and work between the cultivation shelves 31. Moreover, it is displayed on the display device 94 that each cultivation shelf 31 is in the cultivation shelf proximity state.

(Arrangement of cultivation shelf 31 in a working state by an operator)
In the working state by the worker for the cultivated plant in the cultivation room 12, as shown in FIG. 7, a work path 101 is formed between the cultivation shelf 31 to be worked and the cultivation shelf 31 adjacent thereto. The work passage 101 is formed by the operator rotating the handle 49 provided on the cultivation shelf 31 and moving the cultivation shelf 31 in the direction in which the cultivation shelf 31 is arranged. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the operation on the cultivation shelf 31 from the cultivation shelf 31 at the end in the arrangement direction of the cultivation shelf 31 to the cultivation shelf 31 on the opposite side. The work passage formation state (cultivation shelf non-proximity state) is detected by the proximity sensor 53, and the number of the cultivation shelf 31 in the work passage formation state is displayed on the display device 94.

(Advantages of close to cultivation shelf)
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a light irradiation state with respect to the planter 32 by the LED illumination 54 in the state in which the cultivation shelf is close.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in the irradiation cultivation shelf proximity | contact state, the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 adjoin and the space between the cultivation shelves 31 is a narrow space. Therefore, the light of the LED illumination 54 arranged on the planter 32 of the cultivation shelf 31 is irradiated to the planter 32 directly below and to the planter 32 of the adjacent cultivation shelf 31. Thereby, a plant can be cultivated by effectively using the light emitted to the area outside the planter 32 directly under the LED illumination 54.

  As a result, the amount of light necessary for the LED illumination 54 can be suppressed, and the temperature increase of the cultivation room 12 due to the heat generated by the LED illumination 54 can be suppressed.

  Moreover, a wide cultivation area with respect to the installation area of the plant cultivation equipment 1 can be ensured by setting the cultivation shelf close state. Furthermore, when the cultivation shelf is in the proximity state, it is not necessary to load the planter 32 in three or more stages in order to secure a wide cultivation area. That is, a large cultivation area can be ensured even in a configuration in which the planters 32 are stacked in two upper and lower stages as in the cultivation shelf 31 of the present embodiment. Thereby, it is not necessary to perform work using a work table for working at high places, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in workability of the cultivation shelf 31 with respect to the cultivated plants.

  In addition, about the cultivation shelf 31 of the both ends of the arrangement direction of the cultivation shelf 31, the adjacent cultivation shelf 31 becomes only one side, and compared with the other cultivation shelf 31, the light quantity irradiated to the planter 32 falls. Therefore, for the cultivation shelves 31 at both ends, a banner-shaped reflection sheet may be arranged so as to cover the outer side surface between the LED lighting 54 and the planter 32. Thereby, it can prevent that the light from the LED illumination 54 of the cultivation shelf 31 of both ends is irradiated to the side where the adjacent cultivation shelf 31 does not exist wastefully, and can compensate the light quantity shortage of the cultivation shelf 31 of both ends. Moreover, it may replace with the said reflection sheet and may form the side wall inner surface of the cultivation room 12 facing the side surface of the cultivation shelf 31 of both ends in a wall surface with a high reflected light rate, for example, a white wall surface.

(Measurement results for effective use of light)
Next, in order to confirm the effect of the configuration of the plant cultivation facility 1 of the present embodiment (configuration of FIGS. 1, 7, and 11), the illuminance by LED illumination is measured for the following measurement examples (1) to (6). The measurement results will be described.

  In the measurement examples (1) to (6), the LED illumination used was a series of ten white straight tube LED lamps. Moreover, the distance from the lower end surface of LED illumination to the measurement surface of illuminance was 200 mm. This assumes that the distance from the lower end surface of the LED illumination to the upper surface of the medium is 300 mm, the distance from the upper surface of the medium to the upper end of the plant is 100 mm, and the upper end position of the plant is the measurement surface.

  The measurement example (1) is the illuminance of the measurement surface in a state where only one row of the cultivation shelves 31 is arranged in the cultivation room 12, that is, in a state where only one row of LED illumination is arranged.

  In the measurement example (2), the cultivation shelves 31 of the present embodiment are arranged in ten rows in the cultivation room 12 in the cultivation shelf proximity state (corresponding to the configuration of the present embodiment). It is the illuminance on the measurement surface. Since the cultivation shelf 31 has the LED illumination arranged in the upper and lower two stages, the illuminance on the measurement surface was measured in the upper and lower stages. In addition, the width | variety (distance between the outer end parts of the support | pillar member 41 which opposes right and left) of the cultivation shelf 31 is 328 mm, and the clearance gap between the cultivation shelves 31 in a cultivation shelf proximity state (between the support | pillar members 41 which the adjacent cultivation shelf 31 opposes) ) Is 332 mm.

  The measurement example (3) is a case where a plurality of rows of cultivation shelves provided with five-stage LED lighting and a cultivation floor in the vertical direction are arranged in a plurality of rows by providing 1 m-wide work passages between the rows. It is the illumination intensity of the measurement surface by the LED lighting of the lowest step of the cultivation shelf of this row. In each stage, a banner-like reflection sheet is provided downward from both side portions (both ends in the width direction) of the LED illumination so that light from the LED illumination does not leak to the working path side by the reflection sheet.

  The measurement example (4) is a case where a plurality of rows of cultivation shelves provided with 5-stage LED lighting and a cultivation floor in the vertical direction are arranged in a plurality of rows by providing a 1 m-wide work passage between each row. It is the illumination intensity of the measurement surface by the LED lighting of the lowest step of the cultivation shelf of this row. That is, in the measurement example (4), the arrangement of the cultivation shelf, the LED lighting, and the cultivation floor is the same as the measurement example (3). However, no reflection sheet is provided.

  In the measurement example (5), the cultivation shelf 31 of the present embodiment is in a state where a plurality of rows (the same number of rows as in the measurement examples (3) and (4)) are arranged by providing a 1 m-wide work passage between each row. It is the illuminance of the measurement surface in the center row. Since the cultivation shelf 31 has the LED illumination arranged in the upper and lower two stages, the illuminance on the measurement surface was measured in the upper and lower two stages.

  In the measurement example (6), the cultivation shelves 31 of the present embodiment are arranged in multiple rows, a 1 m wide work passage is provided in one of the multiple rows of cultivation shelves 31, and there is a work passage on one side. It is the illumination intensity of the measurement surface of the cultivation shelf 31 by which the other cultivation shelf 31 is arrange | positioned in the cultivation shelf proximity | contact state in the other side. Since the cultivation shelf 31 has the LED illumination arranged in the upper and lower two stages, the illuminance on the measurement surface was measured in the upper and lower two stages. The illuminance in the measurement examples (1) to (6) is as follows.

  Measurement example (1): 24, 341 (Lx), measurement example (2): lower stage 51, 478 (Lx), upper stage 47, 802 (Lx), measurement example (3): 33, 715 (Lx), measurement example (4): 33,098 (Lx), measurement example (5): lower stage 38, 165 (Lx), upper stage 37, 111 (Lx) measurement example (6): lower stage 50, 397 (Lx), upper stage 46, 738 (Lx).

  Sunlight in fine weather is about 50,000 (Lx). From the above measurement results, the measurement examples (2) and (6) corresponding to the present embodiment are compared with the cultivated plants in fine weather. It was found that the illuminance was comparable to that of sunlight.

  In the measurement example (3) provided with the reflection sheet, it is difficult to obtain sufficient illuminance, and the workability is deteriorated because the reflection sheet becomes an obstacle when working on the cultivated plants and the cultivation floor.

  Moreover, the LED illumination 54 used for the cultivation shelf 31 of the present embodiment includes a magenta LED illumination tube 55. The light emitted from the magenta LED lighting tube 55 includes blue light and red light in the center and does not include green light. Therefore, the illuminance measured by the illuminometer may be a low value of about 1/5, for example. However, there is no problem because it contains enough energy for plant growth.

(Operation of air conditioner 18 and advantages)
Moreover, when the air conditioner 18 is not operating, the space between the planter 32 and the LED illumination 54 (the space on the cultivated plant of the planter 32) and the upper part of the cultivation room 12 are generated by the heat generated by the LED illumination 54. The space tends to be hot.

  On the other hand, when the air conditioner 18 is operated, air is supplied from the air supply duct 19 (air supply ducts 19a and 19b) to the gas blowing chamber 14, and air is supplied from the intake duct 20 (intake air ducts 20a and 20b) above the enclosure 15 to the air. Is recovered. Thereby, in the cultivation room 12, between each cultivation shelf 31, the flow of the air which goes to the upper part of the enclosure room 15 above the cultivation room 12 from the gas blowing room 14 under the cultivation room 12 arises. Therefore, the air in the space between the planter 32 and the LED lighting 54 and the space above the cultivation room 12 is easily discharged to the outside of the cultivation room 12 by the air flow. Thereby, the situation which the temperature rise which has a bad influence on cultivation of a cultivation plant by the heat which the LED illumination 54 generate | occur | produces in the cultivation room 12 can be prevented efficiently.

(Switching the lighting state of LED lighting 54, etc.)
Each cultivation shelf 31 of the cultivation room 12 is brought into a cultivation shelf proximity state brought in one direction in which the cultivation shelves 31 are arranged in a prescribed lighting time zone (time zone to be lit) for growing the cultivated plant. . In this case, the LED illumination 54 is in a fully lit state of the LED illumination tube 55. On the other hand, each cultivation shelf 31 is completely turned off in a specified turn-off time zone. The full lighting operation of the LED lighting 54 in the specified lighting time zone and the full lighting operation in the specified lighting time zone are performed by the control device 91 controlling the illumination power supply 81, for example. In this case, the switching between the all-off operation and the all-off operation can also be performed by the operator operating the LED changeover switch 93.

  On the other hand, the LED illumination 54 is operated according to the operator's operation on the LED changeover switch 93 when the work path 101 is formed between a pair of adjacent cultivation shelves 31 in a specified lighting time zone. For the LED lighting 54 of the cultivation shelf 31 on one side of the passage 101, only the white LED lighting tube 55 is turned on. This is because when the magenta LED lighting tube 55 is lit, it is difficult for the operator to observe the state of the cultivated plant such as the leaf color or the fruit color when observing the cultivated plant. Thereby, the worker can easily observe the state of the cultivated plant such as the color of the leaves and the color of the fruits. In addition, when only the white LED lighting tube 55 is turned on, when the cultivated plant is photographed, a photograph with a clear state of the cultivated plant can be photographed.

  Moreover, when the lighting state of the LED lighting 54 of the cultivation shelf 31 to be worked becomes a lighting state different from the other cultivation shelf 31 (only the white LED lighting tube 55 is turned on), the operation is performed on the cultivation shelf 31. Workers other than the worker who is performing can easily recognize by visual observation that the cultivation shelf 31 is being worked on and the cultivation shelf 31 to be worked.

  In addition, during the work | work which forms the work channel | path 101, the liquid supply valve (not shown) provided in the nutrient solution piping 62 is controlled by the control apparatus 91, and is turned off. In this case, the nutrient solution piping 62 in which the supply valve is turned off may be the nutrient solution piping 62 corresponding to all the cultivation shelves 31. Or the nutrient solution piping 62 corresponding only to the cultivation shelf 31 of work object may be sufficient. In the latter case, it is preferable in that the nutrient solution is continuously supplied to the cultivation shelves 31 other than the cultivation shelf 31 to be worked. Moreover, the control apparatus 91 can recognize the cultivation shelf 31 of work object as the cultivation shelf 31 by which the lighting state of the LED illumination 54 was switched by the LED switch 93.

(Other advantages of plant cultivation equipment 1)
As shown in FIG. 9, the nutrient solution piping 62 connected to the nutrient solution supply device 61 branches at the rear of the cultivation shelf 31 so that the nutrient solution can be supplied to each planter 32 of the cultivation shelf 31. 31 extends to the front. In addition, the waste liquid pipe 72 for collecting the waste liquid is collected at the rear part of the cultivation shelf 31 and connected to the waste liquid tank 71.

  Therefore, there are no pipes such as the nutrient solution pipe 62 and the waste liquid pipe 72 on the front side of the cultivation shelf 31, and the worker forms the work passage 101 when the work passage 101 is formed between the cultivation shelves 31. 101 can easily enter and exit. Thereby, the fall of workability | operativity by piping existing in the work channel | path 101 can be prevented.

  Moreover, since the electrical wiring 82 of the electrical system for illumination also extends from the rear of the cultivation shelf 31 to the front of the cultivation shelf 31 and is connected to the power supply 81 for illumination, similarly, the work path 101 due to the presence of the electrical wiring 82. It is possible to prevent a decrease in workability. That is, when the worker forms the work path 101 between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31, the operator can enter the work path 101 from the front of the cultivation shelf 31 without being obstructed by the electrical wiring 82 of the lighting electrical system. On the other hand, it can easily enter and exit. Thereby, workability | operativity with respect to the cultivation shelf 31 can be improved.

[Embodiment 2]
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals and explanation thereof is omitted.

  In the plant cultivation facility 1 according to the present embodiment, the control device 91 shown in FIG. 10 has a work passage 101 formed between a pair of adjacent cultivation shelves 31 in a prescribed lighting time zone of the LED lighting 54. In this case, the LED lighting 54 of the cultivation shelf 31 on one side of the work path 101 is controlled so that only the white LED lighting tube 55 is turned on.

  The control device 91 can specify that the work passage 101 has been formed and the location based on the detection result of the proximity sensor 53. In addition, among the cultivation shelves 31 on both sides of the work passage 101, the cultivation shelf 31 that is the lighting control target (worker's work target) of the LED illumination 54 is based on the prescribed rule. Can be left as

  According to said structure, the working channel | path 101 is formed and switching of the lighting state of the LED illumination 54 in case an operator works with respect to the cultivation shelf 31 (cultivated plant of the planter 32 of the cultivation shelf 31) is automatic. To be done. Therefore, the operator does not have to switch the lighting state of the LED illumination 54 by operating the LED changeover switch 93, and the convenience of work can be improved.

[Embodiment 3]
Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control system of each device included in the plant cultivation facility 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, the plant cultivation facility 1 of the present embodiment includes a stopping device 102 and an operator sensor 103.

  Stop device 102 is provided in cultivation shelf 31, and prevents movement of cultivation shelf 31 in the direction in which each cultivation shelf 31 is arranged during operation. As the stopping device 102, a conventionally known configuration such as a rotation shaft member 46, a caster 45, a pulley 47, a pulley 50, a brake device that prevents the rotation of the belt 51, or a mechanism that prevents the rotation of the handle 49 can be used. it can. The stop device 102 is controlled to be moved and released by the control device 91.

  The worker sensor 103 detects the presence / absence of the worker in the work path 101 formed between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31. The worker sensor 103 is provided, for example, at the foremost part or the rearmost part of each cultivation shelf 31. As the worker sensor 103, a conventionally known configuration such as an infrared sensor or an image recognition device can be used.

  When the work path 101 is formed between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31, that is, when the proximity shelf 53 detects the cultivation shelf non-proximity state, the control device 91 grows on both sides of the work path 101. The stop device 102 of the shelf 31 is operated.

  In said structure, in the cultivation room 12, when the operator forms the working path 101 between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 and enters into the working path 101 and is working, both sides of the working path 101 The stop device 102 of the cultivation shelf 31 is operated. Thereby, when a worker enters the work passage 101 and is working, another worker mistakenly moves the cultivation shelf 31 to the cultivation shelf proximity state, and the worker who is working in the work passage 101 The situation of being pinched between the cultivation shelves 31 can be prevented.

[Summary]
The plant cultivation facility 1 according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a cultivation room 12, a plurality of cultivation beds (planters 32) arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction, and the respective cultivation beds. In the plant cultivation equipment 1 provided with the cultivation shelf 31 which has the illuminating device (LED illumination 54) which irradiates light with respect to each, the said cultivation shelf 31 is arrange | positioned so that it may line up in one direction of the said cultivation room 12 The one direction and the one direction are set so that a cultivation shelf proximity state where the work passage 101 is not formed between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 and a work passage formation state where the work passage 101 is formed between the adjacent cultivation shelves are formed. It can move in the direction opposite to the direction, and the lighting device is arranged at an upper position of the cultivation bed for each cultivation floor.

  According to said structure, each cultivation shelf 31 is the cultivation path proximity | contact state which does not form the working path 101 between the adjacent cultivation racks 31, and the working path formation state which forms the working path 101 between the adjacent cultivation racks. It is possible to move in one direction in the cultivation room 12 and in the opposite direction so that the lighting device is arranged above the cultivation floor for each cultivation floor.

  Therefore, in the cultivation state of the cultivated plant on the cultivation floor while irradiating light from the lighting device, each cultivation shelf 31 can be brought into a cultivation shelf proximity state in which the work path 101 is not formed between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31. . Thereby, a wide cultivation area is securable with respect to the installation area of the plant cultivation equipment 1.

  Moreover, in the state where the cultivation shelf 31 is in the cultivation shelf proximity state, the light irradiated from the lighting device is easily irradiated not only on the cultivation plant directly below but also on the cultivation plant on the adjacent cultivation shelf 31. Therefore, the light from the lighting device can be used effectively. Moreover, the light quantity required for an illuminating device can be suppressed and the temperature rise of the cultivation room 12 by the heat_generation | fever of an illuminating device can be suppressed.

  The plant cultivation facility 1 according to aspect 2 of the present invention includes the air conditioner 18 to which the air supply duct 19 and the air intake duct 20 are connected in the above aspect 1, and the air outlet of the air supply duct 19 is connected to the cultivation room 12. The suction duct 20 is disposed below the upper wall of the cultivation room 12 having the ventilation holes.

  According to the above configuration, when the air conditioner 18 operates, air is supplied from the air supply duct 19 to the bottom of the cultivation room 12, and the air above the cultivation room 12 is collected from the intake duct 20. Thereby, in the inside of the cultivation room 12, the flow of the air which goes to the cultivation room 12 from under the cultivation room 12 arises between each cultivation shelf 31. FIG. Therefore, the air in the space between the lighting device and the cultivation floor and the air in the upper space of the cultivation room 12 are easily discharged to the outside of the cultivation room 12 by the air flow. Thereby, even in the state where the cultivation shelf 31 is arranged in the cultivation shelf proximity state, the situation in which the temperature rise that adversely affects the cultivation of the cultivated plant occurs efficiently in the cultivation room 12 due to the heat generated by the lighting device. Can be prevented.

  The plant cultivation facility 1 according to aspect 3 of the present invention is the aspect 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of nutrient solution pipes 62 for supplying nutrient solution to the cultivation bed (planter 32) and recovering waste liquid from the cultivation bed. And a plurality of the same type of pipes are connected to each other at the rear part of the cultivation shelf 31 and aggregated.

  According to the above configuration, the plurality of pipes that are at least one of the plurality of nutrient solution pipes 62 and the waste liquid pipes 72 are aggregated such that the same kind of pipes are connected to each other at the rear portion of the cultivation shelf 31.

  Therefore, when the operator forms the work path 101 between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31, the worker can easily enter and leave the work path 101 from the front of the cultivation shelf 31 without being disturbed by the piping. Can do. Thereby, workability | operativity with respect to the cultivation shelf 31 can be improved.

  The plant cultivation facility 1 according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the lighting operation of the proximity sensor 53 that detects the cultivation shelf proximity state and the lighting device (LED lighting 54) in any one of the first to third aspects. The lighting device includes a plurality of lighting tubes (LED lighting tubes 55) including a white lamp 55a and a magenta color lamp 55b, and the control device 91 lights up the lighting device. When the cultivation shelf proximity state is detected for all the cultivation shelves 31 by the proximity sensor 53 in the power time zone, all the illumination tubes of the lighting device are turned on, while the proximity sensor 53 When a cultivation shelf non-proximity state that is not a cultivation shelf proximity state is detected for the matching cultivation shelves 31, at least one cultivation of the cultivation shelf 31 that is in the cultivation shelf non-proximity state The lighting device 31 and the lighting state of only the white light 55a.

  According to said structure, in the time slot | zone which the lighting apparatus should light, when all the cultivation shelves 31 are in a cultivation shelf proximity | contact state, all the illumination tubes of an illumination device will be in a lighting state. On the other hand, when any adjacent cultivation shelf 31 is in a cultivation shelf non-proximity state, that is, in a work path formation state, an illumination device for at least one cultivation shelf in the cultivation shelf non-proximity state is provided. Only the white light 55a is turned on.

  Therefore, when the worker works on the cultivated plants on the cultivation shelf 31 in the work path, the lighting device is in the lighting state of only the white light 55a, and the magenta LED lighting tube 55 inappropriate for observation of the cultivated plants is provided. Turns off. Thereby, the worker can easily observe the state of the cultivated plant such as the color of the leaves and the color of the fruits. Moreover, when taking a photograph of a cultivated plant, it is possible to take a photograph with a clear state of the cultivated plant.

  Moreover, workers other than the worker who is working with respect to the cultivation shelf 31 by the lighting state of the illuminating device of the cultivation shelf 31 to be operated being different from the other cultivation shelves 31, It can be easily recognized visually that the cultivation shelf 31 is being worked on and the cultivation shelf 31 to be worked on.

  The plant cultivation facility 1 according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the one in any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the proximity sensor 53 that detects the proximity state of the cultivation shelf and the person between the adjacent cultivation shelves 31. The operator sensor 103 that detects the presence of the plant, the control device 91, and the stop device 102 that is provided on the cultivation shelf 31 and is controlled by the control device 31 to perform a movement blocking operation that blocks the movement of the cultivation shelf 31. The control device 91 detects a cultivation shelf non-proximity state that is not a cultivation shelf proximity state between any of the adjacent cultivation shelves 31 by the proximity sensor 53, and the operator sensor 103 detects the cultivation shelf. When the presence of an operator is detected between the cultivation shelves 31 in the non-proximity state, a movement blocking operation is performed on the stop device 102 of the cultivation shelf 31 in the non-proximity shelf. That.

  According to said structure, when any adjacent cultivation shelves 31 are cultivation shelf non-proximity states, ie, a work path formation state, and an operator exists in the formed work path, cultivation shelf non- The movement of the cultivation shelf in the proximity state is prevented.

  Thereby, when a worker enters the work passage 101 and is working, another worker mistakenly moves the cultivation shelf 31 to the cultivation shelf proximity state, and the worker who is working in the work passage 101 The situation of being pinched between the cultivation shelves 31 can be prevented.

  In the plant cultivation facility 1 according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the cultivation shelf 31 at both ends in the arrangement direction of the cultivation shelf 31 has the illumination device (LED illumination 54). ), A banner-like reflection sheet extending downward from the outer end in the width direction of the cultivation shelf 31 is provided.

  According to said structure, in the cultivation shelf 31 of the both ends of the arrangement direction of the cultivation shelf 31, since the adjacent cultivation shelf 31 exists only in one side, it tends to produce the light quantity shortage with respect to a cultivation floor. Therefore, the cultivation shelves 31 at both ends in the arrangement direction of the cultivation shelves 31 are provided with a banner-shaped reflection sheet extending downward from the outer end in the width direction of the cultivation shelf 31 in the lighting device, so that the cultivation shelves 31 at both ends are separated from each other. It is possible to prevent light from being irradiated unnecessarily to the side where the adjacent cultivation shelf 31 does not exist, and to compensate for the shortage of light quantity of the cultivation shelf 31 at both ends.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims, and embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments. Is also included in the technical scope of the present invention. Furthermore, a new technical feature can be formed by combining the technical means disclosed in each embodiment.

  The present invention can be effectively used in a plant factory that cultivates plants using a lighting device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant cultivation equipment 11 Inner wall 12 Cultivation room 13 Outer wall 14 Gas blowout room 15 Enclosure room 16 Drainage collection room 17 Waste liquid collection pump 18 Air conditioner 19 Air supply duct
19a, 19b Air supply duct 20 Air intake duct
20a, 20b Air intake duct 21 Solenoid valve 22 Carbon dioxide cylinder 31 Cultivation shelf 32 Planter (cultivation floor)
45 Caster 46 Rotating shaft member 49 Handle 53 Proximity sensor 54 LED illumination (illumination device)
55 LED lighting tube 55a White light 55b Magenta color lamp 61 Nutrient solution supply device 62 Nutrient solution piping 71 Waste solution tank 72 Waste solution piping 81 Illumination power supply 82 Electrical wiring 91 Control device 92 CO2 sensor 93 LED changeover switch 101 Work path 102 Stop device 103 Worker sensor

Claims (6)

Plant cultivation provided with a cultivation room, a plurality of cultivation floors arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction in the cultivation room, and a cultivation shelf having a lighting device for irradiating light to each of the cultivation beds In equipment,
Each said cultivation shelf is arrange | positioned so that it may line up in one direction of the said cultivation room, and forms a work path between the cultivation shelf proximity | contact state which does not form a work path between adjacent cultivation shelves, and an adjacent cultivation shelf It is movable in the one direction and the opposite direction of the one direction so as to be in a working path forming state,
The plant cultivating facility, wherein the lighting device is arranged at an upper position of the cultivation bed for each cultivation floor. It is equipped with an air conditioner to which an air supply duct and an intake duct are connected,
The outlet of the air supply duct is disposed under the lower wall having the ventilation hole of the cultivation room,
The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein a suction port of the intake duct is disposed on an upper wall having a ventilation hole of the cultivation room.   Provided with at least one of a plurality of nutrient solution pipes for supplying nutrient solution to the cultivation bed and a waste solution pipe for recovering waste solution from the cultivation bed, The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the plant cultivation facilities are connected to each other at the rear and integrated. A proximity sensor for detecting the cultivation shelf proximity state;
A control device for controlling the lighting operation of the lighting device,
The lighting device includes a plurality of lighting tubes including a white lamp and a magenta lamp.
In the time zone when the lighting device should be turned on, when the cultivation shelf proximity state is detected for all the cultivation shelves from the proximity sensor, the control device turns on all the lighting tubes of the lighting device, When the proximity sensor detects a cultivation shelf non-proximity state that is not a cultivation shelf proximity state between any adjacent cultivation shelves, the lighting device of at least one of the cultivation shelves in the cultivation shelf non-proximity state The plant cultivation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein only the white light is turned on. A proximity sensor for detecting the cultivation shelf proximity state;
An operator sensor for detecting the presence of a person between the adjacent cultivation shelves;
A control device;
A stop device that is provided on the cultivation shelf and controlled by the control device to perform a movement blocking operation that inhibits the movement of the cultivation shelf;
The said control apparatus detects the cultivation shelf non-proximity state which is not a cultivation shelf proximity state about any adjacent said cultivation shelves by the said proximity sensor, and the said cultivation shelves in the said cultivation shelf non-proximity state by the said operator sensor 4. When the presence of an operator is detected during the period, the stop device of the cultivation shelf in the non-proximity state of the cultivation shelf is caused to perform a movement prevention operation. 5. Plant cultivation equipment as described in.   The said cultivation shelf of the both ends of the arrangement direction of the said cultivation shelf is provided with the banner-like reflection sheet extended below from the outer end part of the width direction of the said cultivation shelf in the said illuminating device. The plant cultivation equipment according to any one of 1 to 5.

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