JP2016131470A - Abnormality detection system for photovoltaic power generation facilities - Google Patents
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- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、太陽光発電設備の異常検出システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to an abnormality detection system for photovoltaic power generation equipment.
近年、再生可能エネルギーとして、太陽光発電への期待が高まり、各地で、メガソーラー等の大規模な太陽光発電施設が建設されている。 In recent years, expectations for solar power generation as a renewable energy have increased, and large-scale solar power generation facilities such as mega solar have been constructed in various places.
これらの太陽光発電施設において、太陽電池アレイやストリングあるいはモジュール等（以下、まとめて、「太陽電池ユニット」という）の盗難を検知する技術として、ストリング単位ごとに、上流のパワーコンディショナーとの接続を切り離す開閉手段を備え、順に、この開閉手段を操作して、ストリング単位で、他のシステム全体から電気的に切り離しながら、その切り離されたストリングに対して入力信号を印加して、この入力信号に対するストリングからの応答信号（＝出力信号）を引き出し、これらの入出力信号の比較によって、太陽光発電設備の異常を検出する技術が知られている。 In these photovoltaic power generation facilities, as a technology for detecting theft of solar cell arrays, strings or modules (hereinafter collectively referred to as “solar cell units”), connection with upstream power conditioners is performed for each string unit. An opening / closing means for separating is provided, and the opening / closing means is sequentially operated to apply an input signal to the separated string while electrically disconnecting from the entire other system in units of strings. A technique is known in which a response signal (= output signal) is extracted from a string and an abnormality of the photovoltaic power generation facility is detected by comparing these input / output signals.
しかし、一般に、開閉器には、規定に定められた条件下で安全に使用できる開閉回数の限度として「耐久性」の上限が定められているため、異常検出を目的とした、開閉手段の繰り返し操作が必要となる上記の技術では、所定期間ごとに開閉手段を交換する必要があり、コストが嵩み、手間がかかるという問題があった。また、複雑な制御システムを必要とするという問題もあった。 However, in general, since the upper limit of “durability” is set as the limit of the number of switching operations that can be safely used under the conditions stipulated in the regulations, the switching means for the purpose of detecting an abnormality is repeated. In the above-mentioned technique that requires operation, it is necessary to replace the opening / closing means every predetermined period, and there is a problem that the cost is increased and time is required. There is also a problem that a complicated control system is required.
また、太陽電池ユニットの盗難を検出するその他の技術として、盗難監視システムに盗難観測装置本体を備え、この盗難観測装置本体と太陽電池モジュールとを信号線で繋ぎ、この信号線と太陽モジュールとの接続部に応答素子を設けて、盗難観測装置本体から送信された監視信号を受けた応答素子が返送する受信信号の有無に基づいて盗難を検出する技術が開示されている（特許文献１）。 In addition, as another technique for detecting theft of the solar cell unit, the theft monitoring system is provided with a theft observation device main body, and this theft observation device main body and the solar cell module are connected by a signal line, and the signal line and the solar module are connected. A technology is disclosed in which a response element is provided in a connection unit and a theft is detected based on the presence or absence of a reception signal returned by a response element that has received a monitoring signal transmitted from a theft observation apparatus body (Patent Document 1).
しかし、特許文献１の技術も、複数の応答素子の使用を前提とするものであり、コストが嵩むという問題があった。 However, the technique of Patent Document 1 is also premised on the use of a plurality of response elements, and has a problem of increasing costs.
その他、監視カメラを設置する盗難対策も知られているが、盗難は、主に、夜間に、配線ケーブルを狙って行われることが多く、このようなケースでは、監視カメラによる監視は有効とはいえない、という問題があった。 Other anti-theft measures that install surveillance cameras are also known, but in many cases theft is mainly aimed at wiring cables at night. In such cases, surveillance with surveillance cameras is effective. There was a problem that could not be said.
本発明の目的は前記の各問題を解決し、低コストに、かつ、簡易なシステム構成によって、夜間にも確実に、盗難等の異常を検出することができる、太陽光発電設備の異常検出システムを提供することである。 The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to detect an abnormality such as theft reliably at night by a low cost and simple system configuration. Is to provide.
本発明では、上記の課題を解決する手段として、太陽電池ユニットで作り出された直流電力を集約する下位ユニットと、前記の下位ユニットに集めた直流電力を集約する上位ユ
ニットとを備える太陽光発電設備の異常検出システムにおいて、該下位ユニットを、該上位ユニットに、複数並列接続し、これらの各下位ユニットと前記上位ユニットを繋ぐ各配線ケーブルに、インピーダンスを計測する計測器を設けるとともに、太陽電池ユニットの非発電時に、前記計測の結果に基づいて、前記の異常を検出する判定部を設け、前記の計測器では、前記のインピーダンスとして、上位ユニットに並列接続された全ての下位ユニットに、各々、集約される太陽電池ユニットの合成インピーダンスを計測する構成を採用した。
In the present invention, as means for solving the above problems, a photovoltaic power generation facility comprising: a lower unit that collects DC power produced by a solar cell unit; and an upper unit that collects DC power collected in the lower unit In the abnormality detection system, a plurality of the lower units are connected in parallel to the upper unit, and a measuring instrument for measuring impedance is provided on each wiring cable connecting the lower units and the upper unit, and a solar cell unit. At the time of non-power generation, a determination unit for detecting the abnormality is provided based on the result of the measurement, and in the measuring instrument, as the impedance, all the lower units connected in parallel to the upper unit, A configuration that measures the combined impedance of the integrated solar cell units was adopted.
前記の判定部は、予め登録された合成インピーダンスの設定値と、前記の計測結果を比較して、両者が一致しない場合に、異常判定を行うことが好ましく、また、前記の判定部は、前記の異常判定後、他の計測器に順次動作命令を送信し、これらの各測定器の計測結果に基づいて、異常原因を特定する異常原因特定機能を有することが好ましい。 The determination unit preferably compares the set value of the composite impedance registered in advance with the measurement result, and performs an abnormality determination when both do not match. After the abnormality determination, it is preferable to have an abnormality cause identifying function for sequentially transmitting an operation command to other measuring devices and identifying the cause of the abnormality based on the measurement results of these measuring devices.
また、前記の上位ユニットを、第２の下位ユニットとして、この第２の下位ユニットに集めた直流電力を集約する第２の上位ユニットを、更に備え、該第２の下位ユニットを、該第２の上位ユニットに、複数並列接続し、これらの各下位ユニットと前記第２の上位ユニットを繋ぐ各配線ケーブルに、インピーダンスを計測する第２の計測器を設けるとともに、太陽電池ユニットの非発電時に、前記の計測結果に基づいて、前記の異常を検出する第２の判定部を設け、前記の判定部は、第２の判定部の異常判定後、計測器に動作命令を送信して異常判定を開始するものとすることが好ましい。 In addition, the high-order unit is used as a second low-order unit, and a second high-order unit that collects DC power collected in the second low-order unit is further provided, and the second low-order unit is provided as the second low-order unit. A plurality of parallel connections are made to the upper unit of each, and a second measuring instrument for measuring impedance is provided on each of the wiring cables connecting each of the lower units and the second upper unit, and at the time of non-power generation of the solar cell unit, Based on the measurement result, a second determination unit for detecting the abnormality is provided, and the determination unit transmits an operation command to the measuring instrument after the abnormality determination of the second determination unit, and performs the abnormality determination. It is preferable to start.
太陽電池ユニットで作り出された直流電力を集約する下位ユニットと、前記の下位ユニットに集めた直流電力を集約する上位ユニットとを備える太陽光発電設備の異常検出システムにおいて、該下位ユニットを、該上位ユニットに、複数並列接続し、これらの各下位ユニットと前記上位ユニットを繋ぐ各配線ケーブルに、インピーダンスを計測する計測器を設けるとともに、太陽電池ユニットの非発電時に、前記計測の結果に基づいて、前記の異常を検出する判定部を設け、前記の計測器では、前記のインピーダンスとして、上位ユニットに並列接続された全ての下位ユニットに、各々、集約される太陽電池ユニットの合成インピーダンスを計測する本発明によれば、簡易なシステム構成によって、夜間にも確実に、盗難等の異常を検出することができる。
なお、計測部の内部には、小容量の開閉器は必要となるが、上流のパワーコンディショナーとの接続を切り離す開閉手段（＝大容量の開閉手段）を繰り返し操作して異常検出を行う従来技術と比べて、開閉器の交換に伴うコストを大幅に抑制することができる。
In an abnormality detection system for a solar power generation facility, comprising: a lower unit that aggregates DC power generated by a solar cell unit; and an upper unit that aggregates DC power collected in the lower unit. The unit is connected in parallel, and each wiring cable connecting the lower unit and the upper unit is provided with a measuring instrument for measuring impedance, and at the time of non-power generation of the solar cell unit, based on the measurement result, The determination unit for detecting the abnormality is provided, and the measuring instrument measures the combined impedance of the solar cell units that are aggregated in all the lower units connected in parallel to the upper unit as the impedance. According to the present invention, an abnormality such as theft is reliably detected even at night by a simple system configuration. Door can be.
In addition, although a small capacity switch is required inside the measuring unit, conventional technology that detects abnormalities by repeatedly operating switching means (= large capacity switching means) that disconnects from the upstream power conditioner. Compared with, it is possible to greatly reduce the cost associated with replacement of the switch.
以下に本発明の好ましい実施形態を示す。 Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown below.
（実施形態１）
本実施形態では、図１に示すように、太陽電池モジュール１を直列または並列につなげた太陽電池ストリング２を、配線ケーブル３を介して、接続箱４に接続している。なお、図１において、中段及び下段の接続箱の下流については、電気回路の図示を省略している
が、これらも、上段に図示した接続箱と同様の電気回路を有するものとする。
(Embodiment 1)
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a solar cell string 2 in which solar cell modules 1 are connected in series or in parallel is connected to a connection box 4 via a wiring cable 3. In FIG. 1, the electric circuit is not shown in the downstream of the middle and lower connection boxes, but these also have the same electric circuit as the connection box shown in the upper stage.
接続箱４に引き込まれた配線ケーブル３は、並列接続された開閉器５に、各々、配線され、逆流防止ダイオード６を介したのち、配線ケーブル７に集約されて、接続箱４から引き出される。 The wiring cables 3 drawn into the connection box 4 are respectively wired to the switches 5 connected in parallel, and after passing through the backflow prevention diode 6, are aggregated into the wiring cable 7 and drawn out from the connection box 4.
本実施形態では、並列接続された３つの接続箱４から、それぞれ、引き出された配線ケーブル７を、１つの集電箱８に集めている。これら、各配線ケーブル７は、集電箱８の中で配線ケーブル９に集約されて、集電箱８から引き出され、続いて、パワーコンディショナー１０に引き込まれる。パワーコンディショナー１０では、引き込まれた電力を直流から交流にかえる処理が行われる。メガソーラー等の大規模な太陽光発電施設に設置されたパワーコンディショナー１０は、前記機能の他、ＭＰＰＴ制御（最大電力点追従制御）、高調波抑制対策（ＰＷＭ制御）、系統連系制御（電圧形/電流制御）、力率制御（電圧上昇抑制対策）、系統連系保護（ＯＶＲ、ＵＶＲ、ＯＦＲ、ＵＦＲ、単独運転保護装置：受動/能動）、モニター（入出力電圧、電流、電力、無効電力、力率、系統異常、直流電圧・電流異常）等の機能も備えている。 In the present embodiment, the wiring cables 7 drawn from the three connection boxes 4 connected in parallel are collected in one current collection box 8. Each of the wiring cables 7 is collected in the wiring cable 9 in the current collection box 8, drawn out from the current collection box 8, and then drawn into the power conditioner 10. In the power conditioner 10, a process of changing the drawn power from direct current to alternating current is performed. In addition to the above functions, the power conditioner 10 installed in a large-scale photovoltaic power generation facility such as a mega solar power supply system also has MPPT control (maximum power point tracking control), harmonic suppression measures (PWM control), grid interconnection control (voltage) Type / current control), power factor control (voltage rise suppression measures), grid connection protection (OVR, UVR, OFR, UFR, single operation protection device: passive / active), monitor (input / output voltage, current, power, invalid) It also has functions such as power, power factor, system abnormality, and DC voltage / current abnormality.
本発明は、太陽電池ユニットで作り出された直流電力を集約する下位ユニットと、前記の下位ユニットに集めた直流電力を集約する上位ユニットとを備える太陽光発電設備の異常検出システムにおいて、該下位ユニットを、該上位ユニットに、複数並列接続し、これらの各下位ユニットと前記上位ユニットを繋ぐ各配線ケーブルに、インピーダンスを計測する計測器を設けるとともに、これらの各計測部の上流には、太陽電池ユニットの非発電時に、前記計測の結果に基づいて、前記の異常を検出する判定部を設け、前記の計測器では、前記のインピーダンスとして、上位ユニットに並列接続された全ての下位ユニットに、各々、集約される太陽電池ユニットの合成インピーダンスを計測するものであり、本実施形態は、接続箱４を「下位ユニット」とし、集電箱８を「上位ユニット」としたものである。なお、小規模な太陽光発電設備では、集電箱８は省略される場合もあるため、この場合、接続箱４を「下位ユニット」とし、パワーコンディショナー１０を「上位ユニット」とすることができる。
なお判定部は各計測部の上流に限らず、太陽光発電設備の任意の箇所に設置することができる。
The present invention relates to an abnormality detection system for a photovoltaic power generation facility comprising: a lower unit that collects DC power produced by a solar cell unit; and an upper unit that collects DC power collected in the lower unit. Are connected in parallel to the upper unit, and a measuring instrument for measuring impedance is provided on each wiring cable connecting the lower unit and the upper unit, and a solar cell is provided upstream of each measuring unit. A determination unit that detects the abnormality is provided based on a result of the measurement when the unit is not generating power.In the measuring instrument, all the lower units connected in parallel to the upper unit as the impedance The combined impedance of the solar cell units to be aggregated is measured. And Tsu door ", is a collector box 8 that a" higher-level unit ". In a small-scale photovoltaic power generation facility, the current collection box 8 may be omitted. In this case, the connection box 4 can be a “lower unit” and the power conditioner 10 can be a “higher unit”. .
In addition, a determination part can be installed not only in the upstream of each measurement part but in the arbitrary places of photovoltaic power generation equipment.
また、本実施形態では、太陽電池ストリング２を「太陽電池ユニット」としているが、太陽電池アレイを「太陽電池ユニット」とすることもできる。 In the present embodiment, the solar cell string 2 is a “solar cell unit”, but the solar cell array may be a “solar cell unit”.
接続箱４を「下位ユニット」とし、集電箱８を「上位ユニット」とした本実施形態では、接続箱４に引き込まれた２本の配線ケーブル３を、１本に集約した配線ケーブル７に計測器１１（１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃ）が繋がれている。 In the present embodiment in which the connection box 4 is the “lower unit” and the current collection box 8 is the “upper unit”, the two wiring cables 3 drawn into the connection box 4 are combined into one wiring cable 7. Measuring instrument 11 (11a, 11b, 11c) is connected.
計測器１１は、判定部１２からの動作命令を受けて、電圧印加を開始し、合成抵抗を計測する。具体的には、１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃの何れかの計測器は、一定時間電圧を印加して、電流値を計測することにより、その計測器（例えば、１１ａ）が収容されている接続箱（例えば、４ａ）に集約される電気回路の抵抗と、並列された他の接続箱（４ｂ、４ｃ）に集約される電気回路（図示を省略）の抵抗からなる合成抵抗を計測する。なお、本実施形態では、計測器１１および判定部１２の動作電源として、太陽光発電により発電された電力を蓄える蓄電池を利用している。 In response to the operation command from the determination unit 12, the measuring instrument 11 starts voltage application and measures the combined resistance. Specifically, any one of the measuring instruments 11a, 11b, and 11c applies a voltage for a certain period of time and measures a current value, thereby connecting a connection box (for example, 11a) in which the measuring instrument (for example, 11a) is accommodated. For example, the combined resistance composed of the resistance of the electrical circuit aggregated in 4a) and the resistance of the electrical circuit (not shown) aggregated in the other connection boxes (4b, 4c) arranged in parallel is measured. In the present embodiment, a storage battery that stores electric power generated by solar power generation is used as an operating power source for the measuring instrument 11 and the determination unit 12.
計測器１１により計測された合成抵抗は、判定部１２に向けて出力される。本実施形態では、計測器１１と判定部１２との通信を、有線で行っているが、無線通信とすることもできる。 The combined resistance measured by the measuring instrument 11 is output toward the determination unit 12. In the present embodiment, communication between the measuring instrument 11 and the determination unit 12 is performed by wire, but wireless communication may be used.
本実施形態では、判定部１２を集電箱８内に設置している。 In the present embodiment, the determination unit 12 is installed in the current collection box 8.
判定部１２は、全ストリングの出力がゼロとなっていること、および、パワーコンディショナー内部の開閉器が開路状態となって、パワーコンディショナー１０が停止したことを確認すると、この太陽光発電設備が「非発電状態」にある、との判定を行う。 The determination unit 12 confirms that the output of all the strings is zero, and that the switch inside the power conditioner is in an open circuit state and the power conditioner 10 is stopped. It is determined that it is in the “non-power generation state”.
判定部１２は、前記の判定を受けて、異常検出を開始する。具体的には、まず、各計測器１１に向けて、前記の動作命令を発する。このとき、一の計測器が起動時には、他の計測器が起動しないように、前記の動作命令は、所定間隔で、各計測器１１に向けて、順に、行われる。 The determination unit 12 starts the abnormality detection in response to the determination. Specifically, first, the operation command is issued to each measuring instrument 11. At this time, when one measuring device is activated, the operation command is sequentially performed toward each measuring device 11 at a predetermined interval so that other measuring devices are not activated.
以下、図２のフローを用いて、判定部１２による異常検出の流れを説明する。 Hereinafter, the flow of abnormality detection by the determination unit 12 will be described using the flow of FIG.
（ＳＴ１）
前記のように、判定部１２は、全ストリングの出力がゼロとなっていること、および、パワーコンディショナー内部の開閉器が開路状態となって、パワーコンディショナー１０が停止したことを確認すると、この太陽光発電設備が「非発電状態」にある、との判定を行う。
(ST1)
As described above, when the determination unit 12 confirms that the output of all the strings is zero, and that the switch inside the power conditioner is in an open circuit state, the power conditioner 10 is stopped. It is determined that the photovoltaic power generation facility is in the “non-power generation state”.
（ＳＴ２）
判定部１２は、前記の判定を受けて、異常検出を開始し、一つの計測器（１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃの何れか）に向けて、動作命令１を発する。計測器（本実施形態では、１１ａ）は、この動作命令を受けて電圧印加を開始し、接続箱４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃに、各々、集約される電気回路の抵抗からなる合成抵抗（Ｚ１）を計測する。計測器１１ａにより計測された合成抵抗は、判定部１２に向けて出力される。
(ST2)
The determination unit 12 receives the above determination, starts abnormality detection, and issues an operation command 1 toward one measuring instrument (any one of 11a, 11b, and 11c). In response to this operation command, the measuring instrument (11a in the present embodiment) starts voltage application, and each of the junction boxes 4a, 4b, and 4c is provided with a combined resistance (Z1) composed of the resistance of the electric circuit that is aggregated. measure. The combined resistance measured by the measuring instrument 11a is output toward the determination unit 12.
（ＳＴ３）
判定部１２には、予め、各下位ユニットに集約される電気回路の抵抗値（Ｒ１〜Ｒ３）が初期設定値として記憶されている。
判定部１２は、この初期設定値（Ｒ１〜Ｒ３）と、前記の合成抵抗に基づいて判定を行う。具体的には、例えば、計測器１１ａが電圧印加を行った際に計測された合成抵抗が「Ｚ１」の場合、この「Ｚ１」と、前記の初期設定値から求めた理論抵抗値「１／（１／Ｒ１+１／Ｒ２+１／Ｒ３）」を比較し、Ｚ１＝１／（１／Ｒ１+１／Ｒ２+１／Ｒ３）ならば、正常判定（盗難や故障等がない「正常な状態」であるとの判定）を行い、ここで、異常検出のルーティンを終了する。
(ST3)
The determination unit 12 stores in advance the resistance values (R1 to R3) of the electric circuits that are aggregated in each lower unit as initial setting values.
The determination unit 12 performs determination based on the initial set values (R1 to R3) and the combined resistance. Specifically, for example, when the combined resistance measured when the measuring instrument 11a applies a voltage is “Z1”, the theoretical resistance value “1/1” obtained from this “Z1” and the above-mentioned initial set value is used. (1 / R1 + 1 / R2 + 1 / R3) ”is compared. If Z1 = 1 / (1 / R1 + 1 / R2 + 1 / R3), it is judged as normal (no theft or failure) Determination of “status”), and the routine of abnormality detection is terminated here.
（ＳＴ４）
Ｚ１＝１／（１／Ｒ１+１／Ｒ２+１／Ｒ３）以外の場合には、異常判定となり、警告表示を行う。
(ST4)
In cases other than Z1 = 1 / (1 / R1 + 1 / R2 + 1 / R3), an abnormality is determined and a warning is displayed.
（ＳＴ５）
異常判定の場合、続いて、判定部１２は、他の計測器（本実施形態では、１１ｂ、１１ｃ）に向けて、動作命令２を発する。
(ST5)
In the case of abnormality determination, subsequently, the determination unit 12 issues an operation command 2 toward other measuring instruments (11b and 11c in the present embodiment).
（ＳＴ６）
動作命令を受けた計測器１１ｂ、１１ｃは、それぞれ、一定時間電圧を印加して、合成抵抗「Ｚ２（＝計測器１１ｂが電圧印加を行った際に計測された合成抵抗）」「Ｚ３（＝計測器１１ｃが電圧印加を行った際に計測された合成抵抗）」を計測する。この合成抵抗「Ｚ２」「Ｚ３」は、判定部１２に向けて出力される。判定部１２は、合成抵抗「Ｚ１」
「Ｚ２」「Ｚ３」と、前記の初期設定値（Ｒ１〜Ｒ３）に基づいて判定を行う。
(ST6)
The measuring instruments 11b and 11c that have received the operation command respectively apply a voltage for a certain period of time, and combine resistance “Z2 (= the combined resistance measured when the measuring instrument 11b applies the voltage)” “Z3 (= The combined resistance measured when the measuring instrument 11c applied the voltage) is measured. The combined resistances “Z2” and “Z3” are output toward the determination unit 12. The determination unit 12 is the combined resistance “Z1”
The determination is performed based on “Z2” and “Z3” and the initial setting values (R1 to R3).
（ＳＴ７）
Ｚ１＝Ｒ１、かつ、Ｚ２＝Ｚ３＝１／（１／Ｒ２+１／Ｒ３）の場合には、接続箱１と集電箱８を繋ぐ配線ケーブルが盗難された、との判定を行う。
Ｚ１＝Ｒ１、かつ、Ｚ２＝Ｒ２、かつ、Ｚ３＝Ｒ３の場合には、接続箱と集電箱を繋ぐ配線ケーブルの全部が盗まれた、との判定を行う。
(ST7)
When Z1 = R1 and Z2 = Z3 = 1 / (1 / R2 + 1 / R3), it is determined that the wiring cable connecting the connection box 1 and the current collection box 8 has been stolen.
When Z1 = R1, Z2 = R2, and Z3 = R3, it is determined that all the wiring cables connecting the connection box and the current collection box have been stolen.
（ＳＴ８）
なお、太陽光モジュール自体が盗難された場合にはその接続方式に関わらずインピーダンスは増加または∞となる。このため、Ｚ１≠Ｒ１、Ｚ２≠Ｒ２、Ｚ３≠Ｒ３、かつ、Ｚ１＞１／（１／Ｒ１+１／Ｒ２+１／Ｒ３）の場合には、いずれかの太陽光モジュールが盗難されたと判定、との判定を行う。
(ST8)
When the solar module itself is stolen, the impedance increases or becomes ∞ regardless of the connection method. Therefore, if Z1 ≠ R1, Z2 ≠ R2, Z3 ≠ R3, and Z1> 1 / (1 / R1 + 1 / R2 + 1 / R3), it is determined that one of the solar modules has been stolen. The determination is made.
（実施形態２、３）
図３に示すように、集電箱８を「下位ユニット」とし、パワーコンディショナー１０を「上位ユニット」としたり、図４に示すように、太陽電池ストリング２を「下位ユニット」とし、接続箱４を「上位ユニット」とすることもできる。なお、図３、図４においても、図１と同様、一部の接続箱の下流については、電気回路の図示を省略しているが、これらも、最上段に図示した接続箱と同様の電気回路を有するものとする。
(Embodiments 2 and 3)
As shown in FIG. 3, the current collection box 8 is a “lower unit” and the power conditioner 10 is a “upper unit”. As shown in FIG. 4, the solar cell string 2 is a “lower unit”. Can also be referred to as an “upper unit”. In FIGS. 3 and 4, as in FIG. 1, the electrical circuit is not shown in the downstream of some of the junction boxes. It shall have a circuit.
（実施形態４）
更に、これらの実施形態を組み合わせて、「下位ユニット」と「上位ユニット」を重畳的に設置して、上位から下位に向かって、順番に、異常個所を絞り込んでいくシステムとすることもできる。例えば、図５、図６に示すように、前記の上位ユニット（集電箱８）を、第２の下位ユニットとして、この第２の下位ユニットに集めた直流電力を集約する第２の上位ユニット（パワーコンディショナ１０）を、更に備え、この第２の下位ユニットを、前記の第２の上位ユニットに、複数並列接続し、これらの各下位ユニットと第２の上位ユニットを繋ぐ各配線ケーブルの途中には、各々、太陽電池ユニットの非発電時に、下流のインピーダンスを計測する第２の計測器１３を設けるとともに、これらの各計測部の上流には、前記の計測結果に基づいて、前記の異常を検出する第２の判定部１４を設け、前記の判定部１２は、第２の判定部１４の異常判定後、計測器１１に動作命令を送信して異常判定を開始するものとすることもできる。
(Embodiment 4)
Furthermore, by combining these embodiments, a “lower unit” and an “upper unit” may be installed in a superimposed manner, and a system that narrows down abnormal portions in order from the upper level to the lower level may be provided. For example, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the upper unit (collection box 8) is used as the second lower unit, and the second upper unit that collects the DC power collected in the second lower unit. (Power conditioner 10), and a plurality of the second lower units are connected in parallel to the second upper unit, and each of the wiring cables connecting the lower units and the second upper unit is connected. In the middle, each of the solar cell units is provided with a second measuring instrument 13 for measuring the downstream impedance at the time of non-power generation, and the upstream of each of these measuring units is based on the measurement result, A second determination unit 14 for detecting an abnormality is provided, and the determination unit 12 transmits an operation command to the measuring instrument 11 after the abnormality determination of the second determination unit 14 to start the abnormality determination. You can also.
１ 太陽電池モジュール
２ 太陽電池ストリング
３ 配線ケーブル
４（４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃ） 接続箱
５ 開閉器
６ 逆流防止ダイオード
７ 配線ケーブル
８ 集電箱
９ 配線ケーブル
１０ パワーコンディショナー
１１（１１ａ、１１ｂ、１１ｃ） 計測器
１２ 判定部
１３ 第２の計測器
１４ 第２の判定部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar cell module 2 Solar cell string 3 Wiring cable 4 (4a, 4b, 4c) Connection box 5 Switch 6 Backflow prevention diode 7 Wiring cable 8 Current collection box 9 Wiring cable 10 Power conditioner 11 (11a, 11b, 11c) Measurement Device 12 determination unit 13 second measuring instrument 14 second determination unit
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