JP2016170240A - Liquid crystal device, driving method for liquid crystal device, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal device with the excellent durability quality, a driving method for the liquid crystal device, and an electronic apparatus with the liquid crystal device.SOLUTION: The liquid crystal device includes a first liquid crystal panel to which blue light is incident, and a second liquid crystal panel to which the color light other than the blue light is incident. Each of the first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel includes a peripheral electrode that electrically traps the ionic impurities. The peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel includes a first electrode to which a first potential is supplied, a second electrode to which a second potential is supplied, and a third electrode to which a third potential is supplied and the electrodes are disposed at intervals from an outer edge of a display region toward a sealing material. To each of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode, AC signals whose phases are deviated by Δt with the same frequency are supplied. To the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel, the DC potential different from the potential supplied to a common electrode is supplied.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device, a driving method of the liquid crystal device, and an electronic apparatus.

  The liquid crystal device includes a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates. When light enters such a liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal material or the alignment film constituting the liquid crystal panel may cause a photochemical reaction by incident light, and ionic impurities may be generated as a reaction product. In addition, it is known that ionic impurities diffuse into the liquid crystal layer from a sealing material or a sealing material during the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal panel. In particular, in a liquid crystal device used for a light modulation means (light valve) of a projection display device (projector), the luminous flux density of incident light is higher than that in a direct-view type liquid crystal device, so that ionic impurities affect the display. It is necessary to suppress the effect.

  For example, Patent Document 1 includes a pixel region electrode provided in a pixel region and a peripheral region electrode provided in a peripheral region, and a voltage value of a driving voltage applied to the peripheral region electrode is applied to the pixel region electrode. A liquid crystal display device having a voltage value higher than the applied drive voltage is disclosed. According to the liquid crystal display device of Patent Document 1, ionic impurities mixed in the liquid crystal layer are moved from the pixel region to the peripheral region, so that the influence of the ionic impurities on the display can be reduced.

  Further, for example, in Patent Document 2, in a non-display operation mode in which a substantially ring-shaped electronic parting area is provided around the display area and no image is displayed in the display area, an electronic parting solid provided in the electronic parting area is provided. A liquid crystal display device is disclosed in which a predetermined drive voltage, which is an AC voltage for sweeping ions inside the liquid crystal, is applied to electrodes for a predetermined time. The predetermined time during which the predetermined drive voltage is applied to the electronic parting solid electrode is about 30 minutes to 3 hours.

  Also, for example, in Patent Document 3, a first peripheral electrode provided in a region sandwiched between an image display region and a sealing material of an element substrate and supplied with a first drive signal is opposed to the element substrate. A second peripheral electrode provided in a region facing the first peripheral electrode on the substrate and supplied with a second drive signal that alternately repeats a potential higher and lower than a predetermined potential, and a potential difference with respect to the second drive signal There is disclosed a liquid crystal device including a third peripheral electrode to which a third drive signal that changes with the above is supplied. According to Patent Document 3, an electric field is generated in the layer thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer between the first peripheral electrode, the second peripheral electrode, and the third peripheral electrode, and the second peripheral electrode and the third peripheral electrode Since a horizontal electric field is generated in the meantime, ionic impurities are attracted to each of the first peripheral electrode, the second peripheral electrode, and the third peripheral electrode and stay in the peripheral region.

JP 2007-279172 A JP 2007-316119 A JP 2012-220911 A

The liquid crystal panel is subjected to a light resistance test and a moisture resistance test in order to evaluate the durability quality. In a light resistance test, when light is applied to a liquid crystal panel, for example, light acts on a liquid crystal layer composed of a plurality of organic compounds, and the terminal group is removed from the skeleton portion of the organic compound and becomes an ionic impurity. It is done. Such deterioration of the organic compound is more likely to occur as the wavelength of the irradiated light is shorter. In addition, when moisture enters the liquid crystal panel in the moisture resistance test, ionic impurities such as a curing initiator contained in the sealing material of the liquid crystal panel may be carried to the liquid crystal layer due to the entered moisture.
As described above, the liquid crystal layer may contain various ionic impurities. It is considered that the mobility of ionic impurities in the liquid crystal layer varies depending on the type. Therefore, even if the ion trap mechanism and the driving method of Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3 described above are applied to trap the ionic impurities, the ionic impurities that affect the display quality are selectively or effectively trapped. There is a risk that it cannot be done.
In addition, when a liquid crystal panel is provided for each color light of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) as the light modulation means (light valve) described above, blue (B ) Has a problem that display quality may be deteriorated faster than other liquid crystal panels irradiated with red (R) and green (G) color lights.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following forms or application examples.

  [Application Example] A liquid crystal device according to this application example is a liquid crystal device including a first liquid crystal panel on which blue color light is incident and a second liquid crystal panel on which color light other than blue is incident. The panel and the second liquid crystal panel are provided on one of the pair of substrates, a pair of substrates disposed opposite to each other with a sealant interposed therebetween, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and the pair of substrates. A pixel electrode, a peripheral electrode disposed between an outer edge of a display region in which the pixel electrode is disposed and the sealing material, and the other substrate of the pair of substrates, and the liquid crystal layer A common electrode facing the pixel electrode, and the peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel is supplied with a first electric potential arranged at an interval from an outer edge of the display region toward the sealing material. A first electrode and a second power supplied with a second potential. And a third electrode to which a third potential is supplied, and after the first potential transitions from a positive polarity or a reference potential to a negative polarity, before the transition to the reference potential or the positive polarity, the second potential After the potential transitions from positive polarity or the reference potential to negative polarity and the second potential transitions to negative polarity, before the transition to the reference potential or positive polarity, the third potential is positive polarity or the reference After the transition from potential to negative polarity, the first potential transitions from negative polarity or the reference potential to positive polarity, and before the transition to the reference potential or negative polarity, the second potential becomes negative polarity or the reference After the transition from potential to positive polarity and the second potential transitions from negative polarity or the reference potential to positive polarity, before the transition to the reference potential or negative polarity, the third potential is negative polarity or the reference The first electrode and the first electrode so as to transition from a potential to a positive polarity; An AC signal having the same frequency is supplied to each of the electrode and the third electrode, and a DC potential different from the potential supplied to the common electrode is supplied to the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel. To do.

  According to this application example, in the peripheral electrodes of the first liquid crystal panel, alternating current signals having the same frequency are supplied to the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode in a state of being out of phase with each other. The electric field generated between the electrodes moves from the first electrode side closer to the display area toward the third electrode side far from the display area. Since the ionic impurities move in the liquid crystal layer as the electric field moves in the peripheral electrode, they are attracted from the first electrode to the third electrode. In the first liquid crystal panel in which blue color light is incident, the liquid crystal or alignment film undergoes a photochemical reaction due to the incident light, and ionic impurities are easily generated over the display region. The drive that is provided is effective in ensuring reliability in light resistance. On the other hand, in the second liquid crystal panel in which color light other than blue is incident, the liquid crystal, the alignment film, and the like are less likely to cause a photochemical reaction due to incident light, and there is no possibility that ionic impurities are generated over the display region. Therefore, it is preferable that the driving of the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel is different from the driving of the peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel, and in particular, ionic impurities are prevented from being carried to the display region by moisture entering from the outside. It is preferable to supply a DC potential that can be used. Thereby, a liquid crystal device having excellent reliability quality in light resistance and moisture resistance can be provided.

In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel is disposed closer to an outer edge of the display region than the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel.
According to this configuration, the first liquid crystal panel can efficiently draw ionic impurities contained in the display region from the first electrode toward the third electrode, as compared with the second liquid crystal panel.

In the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel includes a fourth electrode, a fifth electrode, and a fourth electrode, which are spaced from the outer edge of the display area toward the seal material. The sixth electrode may be supplied with a DC potential different from the potential supplied to the common electrode.
According to this configuration, in the second liquid crystal panel, ionic impurities carried from the sealing material side toward the display region can be attracted to the sixth electrode far from the display region.

In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, in the adjacent electrodes among the fourth electrode, the fifth electrode, and the sixth electrode, an electrode closer to the display region, an electrode farther from the display region, The DC potential is preferably supplied so as to generate a potential difference between the two.
According to this configuration, in the second liquid crystal panel, ionic impurities carried from the seal material side toward the display region can be attracted to the electrode far from the display region.

In the liquid crystal device according to the application example, each of the first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel includes a dummy pixel electrode disposed inside the display area along an outer edge of the display area. The electrode is supplied with the same potential as that supplied to the common electrode.
According to this configuration, the liquid crystal layer between the dummy pixel electrode and the common electrode is not displayed. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the influence of the lateral electric field generated between the pixel electrode and the peripheral electrode on the display state in the display region, compared to the case where no dummy pixel electrode is provided.

In the liquid crystal device according to the application example, in the first liquid crystal panel, an interval between the first electrode of the peripheral electrode and the dummy pixel electrode is between the first electrode and the second electrode of the peripheral electrode. It is preferable that it is larger than the interval.
According to this configuration, the movement of the electric field between the electrodes in the peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel is not easily inhibited by the potential of the dummy pixel electrode. That is, even when the dummy pixel electrode is provided, ionic impurities can be efficiently drawn from the display region to the third electrode side.

  [Application Example] The driving method of the liquid crystal device according to this application example is a driving method of a liquid crystal device including a first liquid crystal panel on which blue color light is incident and a second liquid crystal panel on which color light other than blue is incident. The first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel include a pair of substrates disposed to face each other with a sealant interposed therebetween, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and the pair of substrates. A pixel electrode provided on one substrate, a peripheral electrode disposed between an outer edge of a display region in which the pixel electrode is disposed and the sealing material, and provided on the other substrate of the pair of substrates, A common electrode facing the pixel electrode through the liquid crystal layer, and the peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel is disposed at an interval from the outer edge of the display region toward the sealing material. A first electrode to which a first potential is applied; Including a second electrode to which a third potential is applied and a third electrode to which a third potential is applied, and after the first potential transitions from a positive polarity or a reference potential to a negative polarity, transitions to the reference potential or the positive polarity Before the second potential transitions from the positive potential or the reference potential to the negative polarity, the second potential transitions to the negative polarity, and before the transition to the reference potential or the positive polarity. The potential changes from the positive polarity or the reference potential to the negative polarity, and the first potential changes from the negative polarity or the reference potential to the positive polarity before the transition to the reference potential or the negative polarity. The potential changes from negative polarity or from the reference potential to positive polarity, and after the second potential changes from negative polarity or from the reference potential to positive polarity, before changing to the reference potential or negative polarity, the third potential is changed. In order for the potential to change from negative polarity or from the reference potential to positive polarity, An AC signal having the same frequency is applied to each of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode, and a DC potential different from the potential supplied to the common electrode is applied to the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel. Is applied.

  According to this application example, in the peripheral electrodes of the first liquid crystal panel, AC signals having the same frequency are applied to the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode in a state of being out of phase with each other. The electric field generated between the electrodes moves from the first electrode side closer to the display area toward the third electrode side far from the display area. Since the ionic impurities move in the liquid crystal layer as the electric field moves in the peripheral electrode, they are attracted from the first electrode to the third electrode. In the first liquid crystal panel in which blue color light is incident, the liquid crystal or alignment film undergoes a photochemical reaction due to the incident light, and ionic impurities are easily generated over the display region. The resulting driving method is effective in ensuring reliability in light resistance. On the other hand, in the second liquid crystal panel in which color light other than blue is incident, the liquid crystal, the alignment film, and the like are less likely to cause a photochemical reaction due to incident light, and there is no possibility that ionic impurities are generated over the display region. Therefore, the driving method for the peripheral electrodes of the second liquid crystal panel is preferably different from the driving method for the peripheral electrodes of the first liquid crystal panel, and in particular, ionic impurities are carried to the display region by moisture entering from the outside. It is preferable to apply a DC potential capable of preventing the above. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a driving method of a liquid crystal device capable of realizing an excellent reliability quality in light resistance and moisture resistance.

In the driving method of the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel includes a fourth electrode arranged at an interval from an outer edge of the display region toward the seal material, A DC potential different from the potential supplied to the common electrode may be applied to the sixth electrode, including five electrodes and a sixth electrode.
According to this method, in the second liquid crystal panel, ionic impurities carried from the sealing material side toward the display region can be attracted to the sixth electrode far from the display region.

In the driving method of the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, of the fourth electrode, the fifth electrode, and the sixth electrode, neighboring electrodes that are closer to the display region and those farther from the display region It is preferable to apply the DC potential so as to generate a potential difference with the other electrode.
According to this method, in the second liquid crystal panel, ionic impurities carried from the sealing material side toward the display area can be attracted to the electrode far from the display area.

In the driving method of the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel have dummy pixel electrodes disposed inside the display area along an outer edge of the display area, The dummy pixel electrode is applied with the same potential as that applied to the common electrode.
According to this method, the liquid crystal layer between the dummy pixel electrode and the common electrode is not displayed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the influence of the lateral electric field generated between the pixel electrode and the peripheral electrode on the display state in the display region.

[Application Example] An electronic apparatus according to this application example includes the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above.
According to this application example, it is possible to provide an electronic device having excellent reliability quality in light resistance and moisture resistance.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a projection display device as an electronic apparatus. (A) is a schematic plan view which shows the structure of the 1st liquid crystal panel in the liquid crystal device of 1st Embodiment, (b) is a schematic cross section which shows the structure of the 1st liquid crystal panel cut | disconnected by the HH 'line of (a). Figure. FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the first liquid crystal panel. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of a pixel of a first liquid crystal panel. The schematic plan view which shows the relationship between the diagonal vapor deposition direction of an inorganic material, and the display defect resulting from an ionic impurity. (A) And (b) is a schematic plan view which shows the structure of the ion trap mechanism of a 1st liquid crystal panel. (A) And (b) is a schematic sectional drawing explaining an effect | action of the ion trap mechanism of a 1st liquid crystal panel. The timing chart which shows the waveform of the signal applied to each of the peripheral electrode and dummy pixel electrode in the ion trap mechanism of a 1st liquid crystal panel. (A) And (b) is a schematic plan view which shows the structure of the ion trap mechanism of a 2nd liquid crystal panel. (A) And (b) is a schematic sectional drawing explaining an effect | action of the ion trap mechanism of a 2nd liquid crystal panel. The timing chart which shows the waveform of the signal applied to each of the peripheral electrode and dummy pixel electrode in the ion trap mechanism of a 2nd liquid crystal panel. (A) is a table showing the relationship between light usage and IS drive and DC drive in the light valve, and (b) is a table showing the relationship between IS drive and DC drive in the light valve and moisture resistance. (A) And (b) is a schematic plan view which shows the structure of the ion trap mechanism of the 2nd liquid crystal panel in 2nd Embodiment. (A) And (b) is a schematic sectional drawing explaining the effect | action of the ion trap mechanism of the 2nd liquid crystal panel in 2nd Embodiment. 9 is a timing chart showing waveforms of signals applied to peripheral electrodes and dummy pixel electrodes in an ion trap mechanism of a second liquid crystal panel according to the second embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings to be used are appropriately enlarged or reduced so that the part to be described can be recognized.

  In the present embodiment, a liquid crystal device including an active matrix liquid crystal panel including a thin film transistor (TFT) as a pixel switching element will be described as an example. This liquid crystal device can be suitably used as a light modulation means (light valve) of a projection display device (liquid crystal projector) as an electronic apparatus.

(First embodiment)
<Electronic equipment>
First, a projection display device as an electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a projection display device as an electronic apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a projection display apparatus 1000 as an electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a polarization illumination apparatus 1001, a color light separation optical system 1002, a liquid crystal device 1003, a display light combining optical system 1008, and a projection optical system. 1009, an operation panel 1010, a control unit 1011, and a video signal processing unit 1012. The liquid crystal device 1003 includes three light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006 provided corresponding to red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color lights, and a light valve driving unit 1007.

  The polarization illumination device 1001 includes a white light source such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp or a halogen lamp, and a polarization conversion element that converts white light emitted from the white light source into a polarized light beam. That is, the polarization illumination device 1001 emits a polarized light beam.

  The polarized light beam emitted from the polarization illumination device 1001 enters the color light separation optical system 1002. The color light separation optical system 1002 separates an incident polarized light beam into red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color lights, and enters the light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006 corresponding to the color lights. . As the color light separation optical system 1002, for example, a dichroic mirror that transmits light in a specific wavelength range and reflects light in a wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range can be used.

  The video signal processing unit 1012 converts the input video signal into a display control signal corresponding to red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color light, and outputs the display control signal to the light valve driving unit 1007. The light valve driving unit 1007 drives the light valves 1004, 1005, 1006 based on the display control signal from the video signal processing unit 1012, and displays the color light incident on each of the light valves 1004, 1005, 1006 as display light. Convert to

  The display light emitted from each of the light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006 is combined by the display light combining optical system 1008. The display light combining optical system 1008 includes, for example, a cross dichroic prism in which four right angle prisms are bonded, and a dielectric multilayer film that reflects red light and a dielectric multilayer film that reflects blue light are formed in a cross shape on the inner surface thereof. Can be used. The color image synthesized by the display light synthesis optical system 1008 is enlarged and projected onto the screen 1300, for example, by the projection optical system 1009.

  The control unit 1011 is configured to receive an operation signal from the operation panel 1010 and to turn on / off the polarization illumination device 1001 and adjust the illuminance. Similarly, the video signal processing unit 1012 can be controlled in response to an operation signal from the operation panel 1010, and for example, the hue and contrast of the projected video can be adjusted.

  In the liquid crystal device 1003, the light valve 1006 into which blue (B) color light is incident includes the first liquid crystal panel 110. The light valve 1004 that receives red (R) color light and the light valve 1005 that receives green (G) color light each include a second liquid crystal panel 120. As will be described in detail later, each of the first liquid crystal panel 110 and the second liquid crystal panel 120 includes an ion trap mechanism that can electrically trap (trap) ionic impurities contained in the liquid crystal layer in a region other than the display region. ing. The light valve driving unit 1007 can drive the ion trap mechanism in each of the first liquid crystal panel 110 and the second liquid crystal panel 120 by an electrically different method. Thereby, the durability quality (light resistance and moisture resistance) of the first liquid crystal panel 110 and the second liquid crystal panel 120 is ensured. Hereinafter, the first liquid crystal panel 110 and the second liquid crystal panel 120 in the liquid crystal device 1003 and the driving method thereof will be described in order.

<First LCD panel>
Next, the first liquid crystal panel 110 in the liquid crystal device 1003 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of the first liquid crystal panel in the liquid crystal device of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a first liquid crystal panel cut along the line HH ′ in FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows this structure. FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the electrical configuration of the first liquid crystal panel, and FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the pixels of the first liquid crystal panel.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the first liquid crystal panel 110 according to the present embodiment includes an element substrate 10 and a counter substrate 20 that are disposed to face each other, and a liquid crystal layer 50 that is sandwiched between the pair of substrates. Have As the base material 10s of the element substrate 10 and the base material 20s of the counter substrate 20, for example, transparent quartz substrates or glass substrates are used, respectively. The element substrate 10 corresponds to one substrate of the present invention, and the counter substrate 20 corresponds to the other substrate of the present invention.

The element substrate 10 is larger than the counter substrate 20, and the two substrates are bonded to each other with a sealant 40 disposed along the outer edge of the counter substrate 20. An interrupted portion of the sealing material 40 is an injection port 41, and a liquid crystal having a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy is injected from the injection port 41 at the above interval by a vacuum injection method, and injected using a sealing material 42. An inlet 41 is enclosed. Note that the method of encapsulating the liquid crystal in the interval is not limited to the vacuum injection method. For example, the liquid crystal is dropped inside the sealing material 40 arranged in a frame shape, and the element substrate 10 and the substrate under reduced pressure. An ODF (One Drop Fill) method in which the counter substrate 20 is bonded may be employed.
As the sealing material 40, for example, an adhesive such as a thermosetting or ultraviolet curable epoxy resin is employed. Spacers (not shown) are mixed in the sealing material 40 to keep the distance between the pair of substrates constant.

  Inside the sealing material 40, a display area E including a plurality of pixels P arranged in a matrix is provided. Further, a parting part 21 as a light shielding layer is provided between the sealing material 40 and the display area E so as to surround the display area E. The parting portion 21 is made of, for example, a light shielding metal or metal oxide.

  The element substrate 10 is provided with a terminal portion in which a plurality of external connection terminals 104 are arranged. A data line driving circuit 101 is provided between the first side portion along the terminal portion and the sealing material 40. In addition, an inspection circuit 103 is provided between the sealing material 40 and the display area E along the second side facing the first side. Further, a scanning line driving circuit 102 is provided between the seal material 40 and the display region E along the third and fourth sides that are orthogonal to the first side and face each other. A plurality of wirings 105 that connect the two scanning line driving circuits 102 are provided between the sealing material 40 on the second side and the inspection circuit 103.

Wirings connected to the data line driving circuit 101 and the scanning line driving circuit 102 are connected to a plurality of external connection terminals 104 arranged along the first side. The arrangement of the inspection circuit 103 is not limited to this, and the inspection circuit 103 may be provided at a position along the inner side of the sealing material 40 between the data line driving circuit 101 and the display area E.
In the following description, the direction along the first side is defined as the X direction, and the direction along the third side is defined as the Y direction. Further, viewing along the direction from the counter substrate 20 side toward the element substrate 10 side is referred to as “plan view” or “planar”.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, on the surface of the element substrate 10 on the liquid crystal layer 50 side, a transparent pixel electrode 15 provided for each pixel P and a thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as TFT) as a switching element. 30), signal wirings, and an alignment film 18 covering them. In addition, a light shielding structure is employed that prevents light from entering the semiconductor layer in the TFT 30 to make the switching operation unstable. The element substrate 10 includes a base material 10s, a pixel electrode 15, a TFT 30, a signal wiring, and an alignment film 18 formed on the base material 10s.

  The counter substrate 20 disposed to face the element substrate 10 includes a base material 20s, a parting portion 21 formed on the base material 20s, a planarization layer 22 formed so as to cover the base material 20s, and a planarization layer 22. And a common electrode 23 provided over at least the display region E, and an alignment film 24 covering the common electrode 23.

  The parting part 21 surrounds the display area E as shown in FIG. 2A, and is provided at a position overlapping the scanning line driving circuit 102 and the inspection circuit 103 in plan view. This serves to shield the light incident on these circuits from the counter substrate 20 side and prevent these circuits from malfunctioning due to the light. Further, unnecessary stray light is shielded from entering the display area E, and high contrast in the display of the display area E is ensured.

  The planarization layer 22 is made of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, for example, and is provided so as to cover the parting portion 21 with light transmittance. As a method for forming such a planarizing layer 22, for example, a method of forming a film using a plasma CVD method or the like can be given.

  The common electrode 23 is made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), for example, covers the planarization layer 22 and is provided in the upper and lower sides provided at the lower corners of the counter substrate 20 as shown in FIG. It is electrically connected to the conduction portion 106. The vertical conduction part 106 is electrically connected to the wiring on the element substrate 10 side.

  The alignment film 18 that covers the pixel electrode 15 and the alignment film 24 that covers the common electrode 23 are selected based on the optical design of the first liquid crystal panel 110. The alignment films 18 and 24 are organic materials in which a substantially horizontal alignment process is performed on liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy, for example, by forming an organic material such as polyimide and rubbing the surface thereof. Examples thereof include an alignment film and an inorganic alignment film formed by depositing an inorganic material such as SiOx (silicon oxide) using a vapor phase growth method so that the liquid crystal molecules have a negative dielectric anisotropy and are substantially perpendicularly aligned. .

The first liquid crystal panel 110 is of a transmissive type and has a normally white mode in which the transmittance of the pixel P is maximized when no voltage is applied, or a no-white mode in which the transmittance of the pixel P is minimized when no voltage is applied. The optical design of Marie Black mode is adopted. Polarizing elements are arranged and used according to the optical design on the light incident side and the light exit side of the first liquid crystal panel 110, respectively.
In the present embodiment, an example in which a normally black mode optical design is applied using the inorganic alignment film described above as the alignment films 18 and 24 and a liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy will be described.

  Next, the electrical configuration of the first liquid crystal panel 110 will be described with reference to FIG. The first liquid crystal panel 110 includes a plurality of scanning lines 3a and a plurality of data lines 6a as signal wirings insulated and orthogonal to each other at least in the display region E, and capacitance lines 3b arranged in parallel along the data lines 6a. Have The direction in which the scanning line 3a extends is the X direction, and the direction in which the data line 6a extends is the Y direction.

  A pixel electrode 15, a TFT 30, and a storage capacitor 16 are provided in a region divided by the scanning line 3a, the data line 6a, the capacitor line 3b, and these signal lines, and these constitute a pixel circuit of the pixel P. doing.

  The scanning line 3 a is electrically connected to the gate of the TFT 30, and the data line 6 a is electrically connected to the source of the TFT 30. The pixel electrode 15 is electrically connected to the drain of the TFT 30.

  The data line 6a is connected to the data line driving circuit 101 (see FIG. 2), and supplies image signals D1, D2,..., Dn supplied from the data line driving circuit 101 to the pixels P. The scanning line 3a is connected to the scanning line driving circuit 102 (see FIG. 2), and supplies scanning signals SC1, SC2,..., SCm supplied from the scanning line driving circuit 102 to the pixels P.

  The image signals D1 to Dn supplied from the data line driving circuit 101 to the data lines 6a may be supplied line-sequentially in this order, or may be supplied for each of a plurality of adjacent data lines 6a for each group. Good. The scanning line driving circuit 102 supplies the scanning signals SC1 to SCm to the scanning line 3a in a pulse-sequential manner at a predetermined timing.

  In the first liquid crystal panel 110, the TFT 30 as a switching element is turned on for a certain period by the input of the scanning signals SC1 to SCm, so that the image signals D1 to Dn supplied from the data line 6a are pixels at a predetermined timing. The electrode 15 is written. The predetermined level of image signals D1 to Dn written to the liquid crystal layer 50 via the pixel electrode 15 is held for a certain period between the pixel electrode 15 and the common electrode 23 arranged to face each other via the liquid crystal layer 50. The The frequency of the image signals D1 to Dn is 60 Hz, for example.

  In order to prevent the held image signals D1 to Dn from leaking, a storage capacitor 16 is connected in parallel with a liquid crystal capacitor formed between the pixel electrode 15 and the common electrode 23. The storage capacitor 16 is provided between the drain of the TFT 30 and the capacitor line 3b.

  2A is connected to the data line 6a, and the operation of the first liquid crystal panel 110 is detected by detecting the image signal in the manufacturing process of the first liquid crystal panel 110. Although it is configured to be able to confirm defects and the like, illustration is omitted in the equivalent circuit of FIG.

  Peripheral circuits that drive and control the pixel circuits in this embodiment include a data line driving circuit 101, a scanning line driving circuit 102, and an inspection circuit 103. The peripheral circuit includes a sampling circuit that samples the image signal and supplies it to the data line 6a, and a precharge circuit that supplies a precharge signal of a predetermined voltage level to the data line 6a prior to the image signal. Also good.

  Next, the structure of the pixel P in the first liquid crystal panel 110 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the scanning line 3 a is first formed on the base material 10 s of the element substrate 10. The scanning line 3a is, for example, a simple metal or alloy containing at least one of metals such as Al (aluminum), Ti (titanium), Cr (chromium), W (tungsten), Ta (tantalum), and Mo (molybdenum). Further, metal silicide, polysilicide, nitride, or a laminate of these can be used and has light shielding properties.

  A first insulating film (base insulating film) 11a made of, for example, silicon oxide is formed so as to cover the scanning lines 3a, and a semiconductor layer 30a is formed in an island shape on the first insulating film 11a. The semiconductor layer 30a is made of, for example, a polycrystalline silicon film and is doped with impurity ions to have an LDD (Lightly Doped Drain) structure having a first source / drain region, a junction region, a channel region, a junction region, and a second source / drain region. Is formed.

  A second insulating film (gate insulating film) 11b is formed so as to cover the semiconductor layer 30a. Further, a gate electrode 30g is formed at a position facing the channel region with the second insulating film 11b interposed therebetween.

  A third insulating film 11c is formed so as to cover the gate electrode 30g and the second insulating film 11b, and penetrates the second insulating film 11b and the third insulating film 11c at positions overlapping with respective end portions of the semiconductor layer 30a. Two contact holes CNT1 and CNT2 are formed.

  Then, a conductive film is formed using a light-shielding conductive material such as Al (aluminum) or an alloy thereof so as to fill the two contact holes CNT1 and CNT2 and cover the third insulating film 11c, and patterning the conductive film Thus, the source electrode 31 and the data line 6a connected to the first source / drain region through the contact hole CNT1 are formed. At the same time, the drain electrode 32 (first relay electrode 6b) connected to the second source / drain region via the contact hole CNT2 is formed.

  Next, a first interlayer insulating film 12 is formed to cover the data line 6a, the first relay electrode 6b, and the third insulating film 11c. The first interlayer insulating film 12 is made of, for example, silicon oxide or nitride. Then, a flattening process is performed to flatten the unevenness of the surface caused by covering the region where the TFT 30 is provided. Examples of the planarization method include chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) and spin coating.

  A contact hole CNT3 penetrating the first interlayer insulating film 12 is formed at a position overlapping the first relay electrode 6b. A conductive film made of a light-shielding metal such as Al (aluminum) or an alloy thereof is formed so as to cover the contact hole CNT3 and the first interlayer insulating film 12, and by patterning this, a wiring 7a is formed. Then, a second relay electrode 7b that is electrically connected to the first relay electrode 6b through the contact hole CNT3 is formed. The wiring 7a is formed so as to overlap with the semiconductor layer 30a and the data line 6a of the TFT 30 in a plan view, and functions as a shield layer when given a fixed potential.

  A second interlayer insulating film 13a is formed so as to cover the wiring 7a and the second relay electrode 7b. The second interlayer insulating film 13a can also be formed using, for example, silicon oxide, nitride, or oxynitride.

  A contact hole CNT4 is formed at a position overlapping the second relay electrode 7b of the second interlayer insulating film 13a. A conductive film made of a light-shielding metal such as Al (aluminum) or an alloy thereof is formed so as to cover the contact hole CNT4 and cover the second interlayer insulating film 13a. By patterning this, a first capacitor is formed. An electrode 16a and a third relay electrode 16d are formed.

  The insulating film 13b is patterned to cover the outer edge of the portion of the first capacitor electrode 16a that faces the second capacitor electrode 16c with the dielectric layer 16b formed later. In addition, the insulating film 13b is formed by patterning so as to cover the outer edge of the third relay electrode 16d excluding the portion overlapping the contact hole CNT5.

A dielectric layer 16b is formed covering the insulating film 13b and the first capacitor electrode 16a. As the dielectric layer 16b, a silicon nitride film, a single layer film such as humic oxide (HfO ₂ ), alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), tantalum oxide (Ta ₂ O ₅ ), or at least one of these single layer films is used. A multilayer film in which two types of single-layer films are stacked may be used. The portion of the dielectric layer 16b that overlaps the third relay electrode 16d in plan view is removed by etching or the like. A conductive film such as, for example, TiN (titanium nitride) is formed so as to cover the dielectric layer 16b. By patterning the conductive film, the second capacitive electrode is disposed opposite to the first capacitive electrode 16a and connected to the third relay electrode 16d. 16c is formed. The storage capacitor 16 is configured by the dielectric layer 16b, and the first capacitor electrode 16a and the second capacitor electrode 16c that are arranged to face each other with the dielectric layer 16b interposed therebetween.

  Next, a third interlayer insulating film 14 that covers the second capacitor electrode 16c and the dielectric layer 16b is formed. The third interlayer insulating film 14 is also made of, for example, silicon oxide or nitride, and is subjected to a planarization process such as a CMP process. A contact hole CNT5 that penetrates through the third interlayer insulating film 14 is formed so as to reach a portion of the second capacitor electrode 16c that is in contact with the third relay electrode 16d.

  A transparent conductive film (electrode film) such as ITO is formed so as to cover the contact hole CNT5 and cover the third interlayer insulating film. The transparent conductive film (electrode film) is patterned to form a pixel electrode 15 that is electrically connected to the second capacitor electrode 16c and the third relay electrode 16d through the contact hole CNT5.

  The second capacitor electrode 16c is electrically connected to the drain electrode 32 of the TFT 30 via the third relay electrode 16d, the contact hole CNT4, the second relay electrode 7b, the contact hole CNT3, and the first relay electrode 6b, and also the contact hole CNT5. It is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 15 via

  The first capacitor electrode 16a is formed so as to straddle a plurality of pixels P, and functions as the capacitor line 3b in the equivalent circuit (see FIG. 3). A fixed potential is applied to the first capacitor electrode 16a. Thereby, the potential applied to the pixel electrode 15 via the drain electrode 32 of the TFT 30 can be held between the first capacitor electrode 16a and the second capacitor electrode 16c.

  As described above, a plurality of wirings are formed on the base material 10 s of the element substrate 10, and the wiring layers are represented by using the reference numerals of insulating films and interlayer insulating films that insulate the wirings. That is, the first insulating film 11a, the second insulating film 11b, and the third insulating film 11c are collectively referred to as the wiring layer 11. A typical wiring of the wiring layer 11 is the scanning line 3a. A typical wiring of the wiring layer 12 is the data line 6a. The second interlayer insulating film 13a, the insulating film 13b, and the dielectric layer 16b are collectively referred to as a wiring layer 13, and a representative wiring is the wiring 7a. Similarly, the representative wiring of the wiring layer 14 is the first capacitor electrode 16a (capacitor line 3b).

  An alignment film 18 is formed so as to cover the pixel electrode 15, and an alignment film 24 is formed so as to cover the common electrode 23 of the counter substrate 20 disposed to face the element substrate 10 with the liquid crystal layer 50 interposed therebetween. As described above, the alignment films 18 and 24 are inorganic alignment films, and are made of an aggregate of columns 18a and 24a grown in a columnar shape by, for example, oblique deposition of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide from a predetermined direction. The liquid crystal molecules LC having negative dielectric anisotropy with respect to the alignment films 18 and 24 have a pretilt angle of 3 to 5 degrees in the inclination direction of the columns 18a and 24a with respect to the normal direction of the alignment film surface. Substantially vertical alignment (VA) with θp. By applying an alternating voltage (drive signal) between the pixel electrode 15 and the common electrode 23 to drive the liquid crystal layer 50, the liquid crystal molecules LC are inclined in the direction of the electric field generated between the pixel electrode 15 and the common electrode 23. Behaves (vibrates).

  FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing the relationship between the oblique deposition direction of the inorganic material and the display defect caused by the ionic impurities. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, on the element substrate 10 side, the oblique deposition direction of the inorganic material forming the columns 18a and 24a is a predetermined azimuth angle θa from the upper right to the lower left as indicated by the dashed arrow. The direction intersects with the Y direction. On the counter substrate 20 side arranged to face the element substrate 10, the direction intersects the Y direction at a predetermined azimuth angle θa from the lower left to the upper right as indicated by the solid arrow. The predetermined angle θa is 45 degrees, for example. Note that the oblique deposition direction shown in FIG. 5 is a direction when the first liquid crystal panel 110 is viewed from the counter substrate 20 side.

  By driving the liquid crystal layer 50, the behavior (vibration) of the liquid crystal molecules LC occurs, and the oblique deposition direction indicated by the broken line or the solid line arrow shown in FIG. 5 near the interface between the liquid crystal layer 50 and the alignment films 18 and 24. A flow of the liquid crystal molecules LC is generated. If the liquid crystal layer 50 contains positive or negative ionic impurities, the ionic impurities may move toward the corners of the display region E along the flow of the liquid crystal molecules LC and may be unevenly distributed. There is. When the insulation resistance of the liquid crystal layer 50 is lowered in the pixel P located at the corner due to the uneven distribution of ionic impurities, the drive potential is lowered in the pixel P, and the display unevenness and the burn-in phenomenon due to energization as shown in FIG. 5 are remarkable. It becomes. In particular, when an inorganic alignment film is used for the alignment films 18 and 24, the inorganic alignment film easily adsorbs ionic impurities, so that display unevenness and image sticking are more conspicuous than the organic alignment film.

  It is conceivable that the ionic impurities are contained in members such as the sealing material 40 and the sealing material 42 used in the process of manufacturing the first liquid crystal panel 110, or enter from the process environment. In addition, the first liquid crystal panel 110 of the present embodiment is applied to the light valve 1006 in which blue (B) color light having a shorter wavelength than the red (R) or green (G) color light is incident in the projection display apparatus 1000 described above. Since it is used, when the blue (B) color light is incident on the liquid crystal layer 50, the terminal group of the liquid crystal molecule LC, which is an organic compound, may be removed and become an ionic impurity. Further, scientific analysis has revealed that the above-described display unevenness and image sticking phenomenon are caused by positive (+) ionic impurities rather than negative (−) ionic impurities.

<Ion Trap Mechanism of First Liquid Crystal Panel and Driving Method of First Liquid Crystal Panel>
Next, an ion trap mechanism of the first liquid crystal panel 110 and a driving method of the first liquid crystal panel 110 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic plan views showing the configuration of the ion trap mechanism of the first liquid crystal panel, and FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic views for explaining the operation of the ion trap mechanism of the first liquid crystal panel. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view (specifically, a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ in FIG. 6A). FIG. 8 is a timing chart showing waveforms of signals applied to the peripheral electrode and the dummy pixel electrode in the ion trap mechanism of the first liquid crystal panel.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the display area E in the first liquid crystal panel 110 of the present embodiment is arranged so as to surround the actual display area E1 and the actual display area E1 in which the pixels P contributing to display are arranged. And a dummy pixel region E2 having a plurality of dummy pixels DP. The parting part 21 having the light shielding property described above is provided between the area where the sealing material 40 is arranged in a frame shape and the dummy pixel area E2, and the part where the parting part 21 is provided is the first liquid crystal panel 110. The parting area E3 does not depend on ON / OFF.

  In the dummy pixel area E2, two dummy pixels DP are arranged with the actual display area E1 in the X direction and two dummy pixels DP in the Y direction with the actual display area E1 in between. Note that the number of dummy pixels DP arranged in the dummy pixel region E2 is not limited to this, and at least one dummy pixel DP is arranged across the actual display region E1 in each of the X direction and the Y direction. It only has to be. Moreover, three or more may be sufficient and the number of arrangement | positioning in a X direction and a Y direction may differ. In the present embodiment, the dummy pixel DP is caused to function as an electronic parting part.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, each of the plurality of dummy pixels DP arranged so as to surround the actual display area E1 has a dummy pixel electrode 15d. The ion trap mechanism of this embodiment includes a peripheral electrode 130 provided in a ring shape so as to surround the display region E. The peripheral electrode 130 of the present embodiment includes a first electrode 131, a second electrode 132, and a third electrode 133 that are electrically independent from each other. The first electrode 131, the second electrode 132, and the third electrode 133 are each provided in a ring shape so as to surround the display region E. Further, they are arranged so as to gradually move away from the display area E as they go from the first electrode 131 to the third electrode 133. The first electrode 131 is electrically connected to an external connection terminal 104 (It1) to which a first potential as an ion trap signal is supplied. The second electrode 132 is electrically connected to the external connection terminal 104 (It2) to which a second potential as an ion trap signal is supplied. The third electrode 133 is electrically connected to the external connection terminal 104 (It3) to which a third potential as an ion trap signal is supplied.

  The common electrode 23 provided on the counter substrate 20 side is disposed so as to face the plurality of pixel electrodes 15 and the dummy pixel electrodes 15d in the display region E. In other words, the common electrode 23 is disposed so as not to overlap the peripheral electrode 130 in plan view. The common electrode 23 is electrically connected to the vertical conduction part 106 through the wiring 23a. The vertical conduction part 106 is electrically connected to an external connection terminal 104 (LCCOM) to which a fixed potential is supplied.

  In the driving method of the first liquid crystal panel 110 of this embodiment, the same potential as the potential of the common electrode 23 is applied to the dummy pixel electrode 15 d during the display period in which the pixel electrode 15 is driven. Then, after the first potential transitions from the positive polarity or the reference potential to the negative polarity, and before the transition to the reference potential or the positive polarity, the second potential transits from the positive polarity or the reference potential to the negative polarity, After the potential transitions to negative polarity, before the transition to reference potential or positive polarity, the third potential transitions from positive polarity or reference potential to negative polarity, and the first potential changes from negative polarity or reference potential to positive polarity. After the transition, before the transition to the reference potential or the negative polarity, the second potential transitions from the negative polarity or the reference potential to the positive polarity, and the second potential transitions from the negative polarity or the reference potential to the positive polarity. Before the transition to the reference potential or the negative polarity, the first electrode 131, the second electrode 132, and the third electrode 133 of the peripheral electrode 130 are configured so that the third potential changes from the negative polarity or the reference potential to the positive polarity. An AC signal having the same frequency is applied to each.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the potential (LCCOM) and reference potential of the common electrode 23 are set to 0 V, for example, and the same potential (for example, 0 V) as that of the common electrode 23 is applied to the dummy pixel electrode 15d. For example, each of the first electrode 131, the second electrode 132, and the third electrode 133 has a positive polarity of 5.0 V and a negative polarity with respect to the reference potential (0 V) in one cycle of time t _{0 to} t ₂ . A rectangular wave whose potential changes between −5.0 V is applied. The period t ₁ ~t ₂ as the period t ₀ ~t ₁ as a positive (+) in the square wave and a negative polarity are the same. In addition, rectangular waves whose phases are shifted from each other by Δt are applied to the first electrode 131, the second electrode 132, and the third electrode 133. In this embodiment, the phase difference Δt of the rectangular wave is 1/3 period. Since the rectangular waves whose phases are shifted in this way are applied to the first electrode 131, the second electrode 132, and the third electrode 133, the lateral electric field generated between these electrodes changes with the first electrode 131 and the second electrode over time. It shifts (moves) from between the electrode 132 and between the second electrode 132 and the third electrode 133. In this way, the driving method of the first liquid crystal panel 110 that temporally shifts the lateral electric field generated in the peripheral electrode 130 from the first electrode 131 to the third electrode 133 is referred to as “IS (Ion Surf) driving” hereinafter. I will call it.

According to the IS driving, in the display period in which the pixel electrode 15 is driven, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the liquid crystal layer 50 contains, for example, positive (+) ionic impurities, positive (+) ions The ionic impurities are moved by the flow of the liquid crystal molecules LC and are attracted to the parting region E3 where the peripheral electrode 130 is provided, and the third electrode is generated by a lateral electric field that temporally shifts from the first electrode 131 side to the third electrode 133 side. Carried to 133.
On the other hand, in the non-display period in which the pixel electrode 15 is not driven, since the liquid crystal molecules LC on the dummy pixel electrode 15d are in a substantially vertical alignment state, positive (+) ionic impurities attracted to the parting region E3 are not displayed in the display region. It is difficult to move to E (re-diffusion).
Note that, even when the liquid crystal layer 50 includes negative (−) ionic impurities, the negative (−) ionic impurities are caused by the movement of the horizontal electric field in the peripheral electrode 130 during the display period. It is attracted from 131 to the third electrode 133 and hardly moves (re-diffuses) to the display area E during the non-display period.

The inventor derived a preferable frequency f (Hz) of an alternating current signal in the ion trap mechanism of the present embodiment as follows. In the following description, each of the first electrode 131, the second electrode 132, and the third electrode 133 of the peripheral electrode 130 is referred to as an ion trap electrode.
The moving speed v (m / s (seconds)) of the ionic impurities in the liquid crystal layer is expressed by the electric field strength e (V / m) between the adjacent ion trap electrodes and the ionic impurities, as shown in Equation (1). Is given by the product of the mobility μ (m ² / V · s (seconds)).
That is, v = e × μ (1).
The electric field strength e (V / m) is a value obtained by dividing the potential difference Vn between the adjacent ion trap electrodes by the arrangement pitch p (m) of the ion trap electrodes, as shown in Equation (2). That is, e = Vn / p (2).
Since the potential difference Vn between the adjacent ion trap electrodes corresponds to twice the effective voltage Ve in the AC signal, the following formula (3) is derived.
That is, e = 2 Ve / p (3). As shown in FIG. 8, the effective voltage Ve in the rectangular wave AC signal corresponds to a potential with respect to the rectangular wave reference potential, and is 5 V in the present embodiment.
By applying Equation (3) to Equation (1), the moving speed v (m / s) of the ionic impurity becomes Equation (4).
That is, v = 2 μVe / p (4).
The time td during which the ionic impurities move between the adjacent ion trap electrodes is a value obtained by dividing the arrangement pitch p of the adjacent ion trap electrodes by the moving speed v of the ionic impurities, as shown in Equation (5). Become.
In other words, it is ^{td = p / v = p 2} / 2μVe ··· (5).
Accordingly, a preferable frequency f (Hz) is obtained by moving the lateral electric field in accordance with the time td during which the ionic impurities move between adjacent ion trap electrodes. Since the movement time of the transverse electric field corresponds to the phase difference Δt of the AC signal, a preferable frequency f (Hz) is derived by the following equation (6), where the phase difference Δt is 1 / n period. n is the number of ion trap electrodes.
That is, f = 1 / n / td = ² μVe / np ² (6).

As shown in FIG. 8, when the phase difference Δt of the AC signal applied to the adjacent ion trap electrodes is, for example, 1/3 period, the potential difference Vn between the adjacent ion trap electrodes in the ion trap mechanism of this embodiment is In the case of a rectangular wave AC signal that transitions between 5V and -5V with 0V as the reference potential, it becomes 10V. Further, when the width of the ion trap electrode is, for example, 4 μm, the arrangement pitch p of the ion trap electrode is, for example, 8 μm, and the mobility μ of the ionic impurity is 2.2 × 10 ⁻¹⁰ (m ² / V · s), a preferable frequency f is approximately 12 Hz according to Equation (6).
The value of the mobility μ of the ionic impurity is, for example, A. Sawada, A. Manabe and S. Naemura, “A Comparative Study on the Attributes of Ions in Nematic and Isotropic Phases”, Jpn. J. Appl Phys Vol. .40, p220-p224 (2001).

  If the frequency f of the AC signal is greater than 12 Hz, the movement of the lateral electric field cannot be performed due to ionic impurities, so the frequency f is preferably equal to or less than 12 Hz. When the arrangement pitch of the ion trap electrodes is smaller than 8 μm, the preferable frequency f can be increased. In addition, in order to sweep away ionic impurities further from the display region E, it is preferable to further increase the number of ion trap electrodes from three.

  As shown in FIG. 7B, when the width of the ion trap electrode is L2 and the interval (arrangement pitch) of the ion trap electrode is S2, the width L2 may be the same as or smaller than the interval S2. preferable. When the width L2 is larger than the interval S2, the time for the ionic impurity to move on the ion trap electrode on which the movement of the horizontal electric field is less likely to occur than the time for the ionic impurity to move between the ion trap electrodes due to the movement of the horizontal electric field. This is because the effect of sweeping ionic impurities may be reduced.

  Further, when the width of the dummy pixel electrode 15d is L1, and the interval between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the first electrode 131 is S1, the interval S1 is preferably larger than the interval S2. As a result, the lateral electric field generated between the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 132 is less likely to affect the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules LC on the dummy pixel electrode 15d. That is, it is difficult for the electronic parting function of the dummy pixel region E2 to deteriorate. In this embodiment, the width L1 of the dummy pixel electrode 15d is, for example, 7 μm, and the distance S1 between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the first electrode 131 is, for example, 10 μm. The values of the width L1 and the interval S1 are not limited to this.

  The alignment film 18 that substantially vertically aligns the liquid crystal molecules LC having negative dielectric anisotropy in the element substrate 10 may be formed so as to cover at least the pixel electrode 15 and the dummy pixel electrode 15d. In the case of this embodiment, it is preferable that the peripheral electrode 130 is not covered with the alignment film 18 from the viewpoint of generating a lateral electric field between the ion trap electrodes of the peripheral electrode 130 to move the ionic impurities.

<Ion Trap Mechanism of Second Liquid Crystal Panel and Driving Method of Second Liquid Crystal Panel>
Next, an ion trap mechanism of the second liquid crystal panel 120 and a driving method of the second liquid crystal panel 120 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic plan views showing the configuration of the ion trap mechanism of the second liquid crystal panel, and FIGS. 10A and 10B are schematic views for explaining the operation of the ion trap mechanism of the second liquid crystal panel. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view (specifically, a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ in FIG. 9A). FIG. 11 is a timing chart showing waveforms of signals applied to the peripheral electrode and the dummy pixel electrode in the ion trap mechanism of the second liquid crystal panel.

  The basic configuration of the second liquid crystal panel 120 is the same as that of the first liquid crystal panel 110, and the configuration of the peripheral electrodes is different from that of the first liquid crystal panel 110. That is, the second liquid crystal panel 120 includes the liquid crystal layer 50 sandwiched between the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20. Therefore, in the 2nd liquid crystal panel 120, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same structure as the 1st liquid crystal panel 110, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, the display area E in the second liquid crystal panel 120 of the present embodiment is arranged so as to surround the actual display area E1 and the actual display area E1 in which the pixels P contributing to display are arranged. And a dummy pixel region E2 having a plurality of dummy pixels DP. The aforementioned parting part 21 having the light shielding property is provided between the area where the sealing material 40 is arranged in a frame shape and the dummy pixel area E2, and the part where the parting part 21 is provided is the second liquid crystal panel 120. The parting area E3 does not depend on ON / OFF.

  Similar to the first liquid crystal panel 110, two dummy pixels DP are arranged in the X direction with two of the actual display areas E1 in between, and two dummy pixels DP in the Y direction with the actual display area E1 in between. The dummy pixel region E2 functions as an electronic parting part.

  As shown in FIG. 9B, each of the plurality of dummy pixels DP arranged so as to surround the actual display area E1 has a dummy pixel electrode 15d. The ion trap mechanism of the second liquid crystal panel 120 includes a peripheral electrode 130B provided in a ring shape so as to surround the display region E. The peripheral electrode 130B is electrically connected to an external connection terminal 104 (It) to which an ion trap signal is supplied.

  The common electrode 23 provided on the counter substrate 20 side is disposed so as to face the plurality of pixel electrodes 15 and dummy pixel electrodes 15d in the display region E and the peripheral electrode 130B. The common electrode 23 is electrically connected to the vertical conduction part 106 through the wiring 23a. The vertical conduction part 106 is electrically connected to an external connection terminal 104 (LCCOM) to which a fixed potential is supplied.

  When the pixel electrode 15 is driven in the second liquid crystal panel 120, the behavior (vibration) of the liquid crystal molecules LC is generated in the liquid crystal layer 50 between the pixel electrode 15 and the common electrode 23, and the liquid crystal layer 50, the alignment films 18 and 24, A flow of liquid crystal molecules LC occurs in the vicinity of the interface.

  In the driving method of the second liquid crystal panel 120 of the present embodiment, a DC potential lower than the potential of the common electrode 23 is applied to the peripheral electrode 130B during the display period in which the pixel electrode 15 is driven. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, the potential (LCCOM) of the common electrode 23 is set to 0 V, for example, and a DC potential of −5.0 V is applied to the peripheral electrode 130B. Thus, when the liquid crystal layer 50 contains positive (+) ionic impurities during the display period, as shown in FIG. 10A, the positive (+) ionic impurities are transferred to the liquid crystal molecules LC. It moves in the liquid crystal layer 50 along with the behavior (vibration) and is attracted to the peripheral electrode 130 </ b> B whose potential is lower than that of the common electrode 23. Further, for example, positive (+) ionic impurities diffused from the sealing material 40 to the liquid crystal layer 50 can also be attracted to the peripheral electrode 130B.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, a dummy pixel electrode 15 d is provided between the peripheral electrode 130 </ b> B and the pixel electrode 15. As shown in FIG. 11, the dummy pixel electrode 15d is given the same potential as the potential of the common electrode 23 (for example, 0 V). Therefore, since no electric field is generated between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the common electrode 23, the liquid crystal molecules LC are maintained in a substantially vertical alignment state. That is, assuming that the optical design of the second liquid crystal panel 120 is a normally black mode as in the first liquid crystal panel 110, the dummy pixel region E2 provided with the dummy pixel DP including the dummy pixel electrode 15d is in the display period. It becomes black display and functions as an electronic parting part. Since the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the dummy pixel region E2 is affected by the behavior (vibration) of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the adjacent actual display region E1, positive (+) ionic impurities are present in the peripheral electrode 130B during the display period. Does not prevent you from being attracted. On the other hand, since no potential is applied to the peripheral electrode 130B in the non-display period, the liquid crystal molecules LC in the dummy pixel region E2 and the parting region E3 are both in a substantially vertical alignment state, and are positive (+) attracted to the peripheral electrode 130B. ) Is suppressed from diffusing to the display region E side.

  In this manner, the driving method in which the direct current potential is applied to the peripheral electrode 130B in the second liquid crystal panel 120 is hereinafter referred to as “DC driving”.

  As shown in FIG. 10B, in the second liquid crystal panel 120, the width of the peripheral electrode 130B is, for example, the same as the width L2 of each electrode of the peripheral electrode 130 in the first liquid crystal panel 110, and is 4 μm, for example. The distance S3 between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the peripheral electrode 130B is preferably the same as or larger than the distance S1 between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the first electrode 131 in the first liquid crystal panel 110. In this way, ionic impurities carried by moisture entering the liquid crystal layer 50 from the sealing material 40 side can be effectively trapped. As described above, if the distance S1 between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the first electrode 131 in the first liquid crystal panel 110 is 10 μm, for example, the distance S3 between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the peripheral electrode 130B in the second liquid crystal panel 120 is 10 μm. For example, the thickness is set to 30 μm.

  As described above, in the liquid crystal device 1003 of the present embodiment, the light valve 1006 to which the blue (B) color light is incident is IS-driven, and the red (R) light valve 1004 or green (G) other than blue (B). The light valve 1005 is DC driven. Hereinafter, the effect of using the IS drive and the DC drive properly will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12A is a table showing the relationship between IS drive and DC drive in the light valve and light resistance, and FIG. 12B shows the relationship between IS drive and DC drive in the light valve and moisture resistance. It is a table.

  Evaluation of light resistance is shown in FIG. 5 when colored light corresponding to each of the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006 is incident at a predetermined intensity and is driven by IS. The performance degradation time until the displayed unevenness reaches a predetermined state is defined as 100, and the performance degradation time when DC driving is performed and when the peripheral electrode is not driven (displayed as “None” in FIG. 12) is quantified. It is what. The predetermined state of display unevenness is, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 when each pixel P is driven so as to be halftone (for example, about 10% of brightness of white display) in the display area E. A state in which the halftone luminance at the pixel P at the corner of the region E is reduced by about 50% compared to the initial halftone luminance.

  Evaluation of moisture resistance is performed for a predetermined period of time when the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006 are each in the same moisture-resistant environment (for example, 85 ° C. and relative humidity of 60% or more) Leave (for example, 100 hours). While left in a moisture-resistant environment, each light valve 1004, 1005, 1006 is selected from the conditions selected from the IS driving, DC driving, or the peripheral electrode not driving (displayed as “none” in FIG. 12). It is driven by. After being left for a predetermined time, the amount of ions at the corners of the display area E is measured, and the amount of ions under other driving conditions is quantified, with the amount of ions when DC driving is taken as 100.

  In FIG. 12, when the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006 are IS-driven, the first liquid crystal panel 110 is employed for evaluation. In addition, when the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006 are DC driven, the second liquid crystal panel 120 is employed for evaluation. In the case of absence, the second liquid crystal panel 120 is used for the red (R) and green (G) light valves 1004 and 1005, and the first liquid crystal panel 110 is used for the blue (B) light valve 1006. The peripheral electrode is not driven.

As shown in FIG. 12A, in the light resistance evaluation, the red (R) light valve 1004 and the green (G) light valve 1005 deteriorate in performance under any conditions of IS drive, DC drive, and none. Time is equivalent (100). In other words, when colored light having a wavelength longer than that of blue (B) is incident, the photochemical reaction is unlikely to occur due to the incident light, and thus there is no difference depending on the driving method.
On the other hand, in the light valve 1006 in which colored light having a shorter wavelength than red (R) or green (G) is incident, a photochemical reaction is likely to occur due to incident light, which is compared with the performance degradation time (90) without DC driving. This indicates that the IS drive performance degradation time (100) is longer, that is, the IS drive can efficiently trap ionic impurities that are products of the photochemical reaction.

  As shown in FIG. 12 (b), in the evaluation of moisture resistance, the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light valves are all driven by IS compared to the DC driven ion amount (100). The amount of ions (300) is larger, and the amount of ions (800) having no ions is larger than that of IS driving. In other words, it can be seen that the DC drive is more effective than the IS drive from the viewpoint of ensuring the moisture resistance.

  According to the driving method of the liquid crystal device 1003 and the liquid crystal device 1003 (the first liquid crystal panel 110 and the second liquid crystal panel 120) of the above embodiment, blue (B) having a shorter wavelength than red (R) and green (G). The first liquid crystal panel 110 is used in the light valve 1006 where the colored light is incident, and the first liquid crystal panel 110 is IS-driven. On the other hand, the second liquid crystal panel 120 is used for the red (R) light valve 1004 and the green (G) light valve 1005, and the second liquid crystal panel 120 is DC-driven. Therefore, a liquid crystal device 1003 having excellent durability in both light resistance and moisture resistance can be provided. In addition, a driving method of the liquid crystal device 1003 capable of realizing excellent durability can be provided. That is, it is possible to realize the projection display device 1000 having excellent durability quality.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a liquid crystal device according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIGS. 13A and 13B are schematic plan views showing the configuration of the ion trap mechanism of the second liquid crystal panel in the second embodiment, and FIGS. 14A and 14B are the second liquid crystal panel in the second embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing explaining the effect | action of this ion trap mechanism (specifically, schematic sectional drawing when cut | disconnecting along CC 'line of Fig.13 (a)). FIG. 15 is a timing chart showing waveforms of signals applied to the peripheral electrode and the dummy pixel electrode in the ion trap mechanism of the second liquid crystal panel in the second embodiment.
In the liquid crystal device of the second embodiment, the configuration of the second liquid crystal panel 120 in the liquid crystal device 1003 of the first embodiment is different. That is, the first liquid crystal panel 110 described in the first embodiment is used for the blue (B) light valve 1006, and IS driving is performed. Therefore, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 13A, the display area E in the second liquid crystal panel 220 of the present embodiment is arranged so as to surround the actual display area E1 in which the pixels P contributing to display are arranged, and the actual display area E1. And a dummy pixel region E2 having a plurality of dummy pixels DP. The parting part 21 having the light shielding property described above is provided between the area where the sealing material 40 is arranged in a frame shape and the dummy pixel area E2, and the part where the parting part 21 is provided is the second liquid crystal panel 220. The parting area E3 does not depend on ON / OFF. The dummy pixel region E2 of the present embodiment also functions as an electronic parting part as in the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 13B, each of the plurality of dummy pixels DP arranged so as to surround the actual display area E1 has a dummy pixel electrode 15d. The ion trap mechanism of this embodiment includes a peripheral electrode 130 </ b> C provided in a ring shape so as to surround the display region E. The peripheral electrode 130 </ b> C of this embodiment includes a fourth electrode 134, a fifth electrode 135, and a sixth electrode 136 that are electrically independent from each other. The fourth electrode 134, the fifth electrode 135, and the sixth electrode 136 are each provided in a ring shape so as to surround the display region E. Further, they are arranged so as to gradually move away from the display area E as they go from the fourth electrode 134 to the sixth electrode 136. The fourth electrode 134 is electrically connected to the external connection terminal 104 (It4) to which the fourth potential is supplied. The fifth electrode 135 is electrically connected to the external connection terminal 104 (It5) to which the fifth potential is supplied. The sixth electrode 136 is electrically connected to the external connection terminal 104 (It6) to which the sixth potential is supplied.

  The common electrode 23 provided on the counter substrate 20 side is disposed so as to face the plurality of pixel electrodes 15 and the dummy pixel electrodes 15d in the display region E. In other words, the common electrode 23 is disposed so as not to overlap the peripheral electrode 130C in plan view. The common electrode 23 is electrically connected to the vertical conduction part 106 through the wiring 23a. The vertical conduction part 106 is electrically connected to an external connection terminal 104 (LCCOM) to which a fixed potential is supplied. That is, the second liquid crystal panel 220 of the present embodiment has three electrodes that surround the display area E similarly to the first liquid crystal panel 110.

  In the driving method of the second liquid crystal panel 220 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the same potential as the potential of the common electrode 23 (for example, 0 V) is applied to the dummy pixel electrode 15d during the display period. The same potential as the potential of the common electrode 23 (for example, 0 V) is also applied to the fourth electrode 134 and the fifth electrode 135 near the display region E of the peripheral electrode 130C. On the other hand, a DC potential (for example, −5.0 V) lower than the potential of the common electrode 23 is applied to the sixth electrode 136 located farthest from the display region E among the peripheral electrodes 130C. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 14A, a transverse electric field is generated between the fourth electrode 134 and the sixth electrode 136 and between the fifth electrode 135 and the sixth electrode 136.

  In the display period, when the liquid crystal layer 50 contains positive (+) ionic impurities, as shown in FIG. 14A, the positive (+) ionic impurities cause the behavior (vibration) of the liquid crystal molecules LC. ) Moves in the liquid crystal layer 50 and is attracted to the sixth electrode 136 having a lower potential than the common electrode 23. For example, positive (+) ionic impurities diffused from the sealing material 40 to the liquid crystal layer 50 can also be attracted to the sixth electrode 136.

  On the other hand, in the non-display period, as shown in FIG. 14B, no potential is applied to the peripheral electrode 130C, and the liquid crystal molecules LC in the dummy pixel region E2 and the parting region E3 are both in a substantially vertical alignment state. The diffusion of positive (+) ionic impurities attracted to the sixth electrode 136 to the display region E side is suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 14B, in the direction from the outer edge of the display region E toward the sealing material 40, the width L2 of the fourth electrode 134, the fifth electrode 135, and the sixth electrode 136 is, for example, 4 μm. The distance S2 between these electrodes is, for example, 8 μm larger than the width L2. In addition, the distance S3 between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the fourth electrode 134 is preferably the same as or larger than the distance S1 between the dummy pixel electrode 15d and the first electrode 131 in the first liquid crystal panel 110. In this way, ionic impurities carried by moisture entering the liquid crystal layer 50 from the sealing material 40 side can be effectively trapped.

  Note that the potential supplied (applied) to the fourth electrode 134 and the fifth electrode 135 in the peripheral electrode 130 </ b> C is not limited to being the same as the potential of the common electrode 23 (for example, 0 V), but the potential of the common electrode 23. And an intermediate potential between the first electrode 136 and the sixth electrode 136. In other words, among the fourth electrode 134, the fifth electrode 135, and the sixth electrode 136 that are adjacent to each other, a potential difference is generated between an electrode closer to the display region E and an electrode farther from the display region E. A DC potential may be supplied (applied) to the.

According to the liquid crystal device of the second embodiment (configuration including the first liquid crystal panel 110 and the second liquid crystal panel 220) and its driving method, compared to the peripheral electrode 130B of the second liquid crystal panel 120 of the first embodiment. The position of the sixth electrode 136 that is DC-driven is farther from the display area E and closer to the sealing material 40. Therefore, the ionic impurities carried by moisture entering from the outside in moisture resistance can be captured (trapped) at an early stage, and the trapped ionic impurities can be prevented from rediffusing into the display region E.
In addition, since the configuration of the peripheral electrode 130C is composed of a plurality of (three or more) electrodes in the same manner as the peripheral electrode 130 of the first liquid crystal panel 110, it is possible to drive using both DC driving and IS driving separately. It becomes. In other words, the first liquid crystal panel for IS driving can be used as the second liquid crystal panel without preparing a second liquid crystal panel dedicated for DC driving.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit or concept of the invention that can be read from the claims and the entire specification. The driving method of the liquid crystal device and the electronic apparatus to which the liquid crystal device is applied are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. Various modifications other than the above embodiment are conceivable. Hereinafter, a modification will be described.

  (Modification 1) In each of the above embodiments, the peripheral electrode is not limited to be disposed so as to surround the display area E. As shown in FIG. 5, when a location where a display defect occurs due to uneven distribution of ionic impurities is specified, a peripheral electrode may be arranged corresponding to the location where the display failure occurs.

(Modification 2) The AC signal supplied (applied) to each of the first electrode 131, the second electrode 132, and the third electrode 133 in the peripheral electrode 130 of the first liquid crystal panel 110 is positive with respect to the reference potential. And the period of negative polarity are not limited to the same period. For example, if the period of negative polarity is longer than the period of positive polarity, positive (+) ionic impurities can be actively attracted to the peripheral electrode 130.
The AC signal is not limited to a rectangular wave, and may be a sine wave or a triangular wave.

  (Modification 3) The liquid crystal panel to which the ion trap mechanism and its driving method of the above embodiment can be applied is not limited to the VA system, but is an IPS (In Plane Switching) system, FFS (Fringe Field Switching) system, OCB (Optically Compensated Birefringence) can also be applied. Further, the present invention is not limited to the transmissive type, and can be applied to a reflective liquid crystal panel in which the pixel electrode 15 is formed using a light reflective material.

  (Modification 4) In the projection display apparatus 1000 of the above embodiment, the second liquid crystal panel 120 in which the ion trap mechanism is DC-driven applies the red (R) light valve 1004 and the green (G) light. The valve 1005 is not limited to both. It may be applied to either one of the light valves. That is, the first liquid crystal panel 110 is used for the blue (B) light valve 1006 among the three light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006, and the second liquid crystal panel 120 (or the second liquid crystal panel) is used for one of the other light valves. 220) may be used. For example, in the red (R) light valve 1004, a DMD (digital mirror device) may be used instead of the second liquid crystal panel. In addition, the light source in the projection display apparatus 1000 is not limited to being a white light source, and may include a light source that emits color light corresponding to each of the light valves 1004, 1005, and 1006.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Element substrate, 15 ... Pixel electrode, 15d ... Dummy pixel electrode, 20 ... Opposite substrate, 23 ... Common electrode, 50 ... Liquid crystal layer, 110 ... First liquid crystal panel, 120, 220 ... Second liquid crystal panel, 130 ... First 1 liquid crystal panel peripheral electrode, 130B, 130C, second liquid crystal panel peripheral electrode, 131, first electrode, 132, second electrode, 133, third electrode, 134, fourth electrode, 135, fifth electrode, 136 ... Sixth electrode, 1000... Projection display device as an electronic device, 1003... Liquid crystal device, E.

Claims (11)

A liquid crystal device comprising a first liquid crystal panel on which blue color light is incident and a second liquid crystal panel on which color light other than blue is incident,
The first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel have a pair of substrates disposed to face each other with a sealing material interposed therebetween,
A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates;
A pixel electrode provided on one of the pair of substrates;
A peripheral electrode disposed between an outer edge of a display region in which the pixel electrode is disposed and the sealing material;
A common electrode provided on the other substrate of the pair of substrates and facing the pixel electrode through the liquid crystal layer;
The peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel is provided with a first electrode to which a first potential is supplied and a second potential which are arranged at an interval from the outer edge of the display area toward the sealing material. Including a second electrode and a third electrode to which a third potential is supplied;
After the first potential transitions from positive polarity or reference potential to negative polarity, before the transition to the reference potential or positive polarity, the second potential transitions from positive polarity or the reference potential to negative polarity,
Before the transition from the second potential to the negative polarity and before the transition to the reference potential or the positive polarity, the third potential transitions from the positive polarity or the reference potential to the negative polarity,
Before the transition from the first potential to the negative polarity or the reference potential to the positive polarity and before the transition to the reference potential or the negative polarity, the second potential transitions from the negative polarity or the reference potential to the positive polarity,
The third potential transitions from negative polarity or from the reference potential to positive polarity before transitioning from the negative potential or from the reference potential to positive polarity and before transitioning to the reference potential or negative polarity. AC signals having the same frequency are supplied to the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode,
The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein a DC potential different from a potential supplied to the common electrode is supplied to the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel.   2. The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel is disposed closer to an outer edge of the display region than the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel. The peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel includes a fourth electrode, a fifth electrode, and a sixth electrode, which are spaced from the outer edge of the display region toward the sealing material,
3. The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein a DC potential different from a potential supplied to the common electrode is supplied to the sixth electrode.   Of the fourth electrode, the fifth electrode, and the sixth electrode, the DC electrodes are arranged so as to generate a potential difference between an electrode closer to the display region and an electrode farther from the display region. The liquid crystal device according to claim 3, wherein a position is supplied. The first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel have dummy pixel electrodes disposed inside the display area along an outer edge of the display area,
The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the dummy pixel electrode is supplied with the same potential as that supplied to the common electrode.   In the first liquid crystal panel, an interval between the first electrode of the peripheral electrode and the dummy pixel electrode is larger than an interval between the first electrode and the second electrode of the peripheral electrode. Item 6. The liquid crystal device according to Item 5. A driving method of a liquid crystal device including a first liquid crystal panel on which blue color light is incident and a second liquid crystal panel on which color light other than blue is incident,
The first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel have a pair of substrates disposed to face each other with a sealing material interposed therebetween,
A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates;
A pixel electrode provided on one of the pair of substrates;
A peripheral electrode disposed between an outer edge of a display region in which the pixel electrode is disposed and the sealing material;
A common electrode provided on the other substrate of the pair of substrates and facing the pixel electrode through the liquid crystal layer;
The peripheral electrode of the first liquid crystal panel is provided with a first electrode to which a first potential is applied and a second potential that are arranged at an interval from the outer edge of the display area toward the sealing material. Including a second electrode and a third electrode to which a third potential is applied;
After the first potential transitions from positive polarity or reference potential to negative polarity, before the transition to the reference potential or positive polarity, the second potential transitions from positive polarity or the reference potential to negative polarity,
Before the transition from the second potential to the negative polarity and before the transition to the reference potential or the positive polarity, the third potential transitions from the positive polarity or the reference potential to the negative polarity,
Before the transition from the first potential to the negative polarity or the reference potential to the positive polarity and before the transition to the reference potential or the negative polarity, the second potential transitions from the negative polarity or the reference potential to the positive polarity,
The third potential transitions from negative polarity or from the reference potential to positive polarity before transitioning from the negative potential or from the reference potential to positive polarity and before transitioning to the reference potential or negative polarity. And applying an AC signal having the same frequency to each of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode,
A driving method of a liquid crystal device, wherein a DC potential different from a potential supplied to the common electrode is applied to the peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel. The peripheral electrode of the second liquid crystal panel includes a fourth electrode, a fifth electrode, and a sixth electrode, which are spaced from the outer edge of the display region toward the sealing material,
8. The method of driving a liquid crystal device according to claim 7, wherein a DC potential different from the potential supplied to the common electrode is applied to the sixth electrode.   Of the fourth electrode, the fifth electrode, and the sixth electrode, the DC electrodes are arranged so as to generate a potential difference between an electrode closer to the display region and an electrode farther from the display region. The method of driving a liquid crystal device according to claim 8, wherein a position is applied. The first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel have dummy pixel electrodes disposed inside the display area along an outer edge of the display area,
The method for driving a liquid crystal device according to claim 7, wherein the same potential as that applied to the common electrode is applied to the dummy pixel electrode.   An electronic apparatus comprising the liquid crystal device according to claim 1.

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