JP2016141944A - dam - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a filling material inspection work and a damaged segment replacement work.SOLUTION: A dam (1) comprises: an upstream wall part (3), which is constructed by connecting multiple segments (31) by fasteners (32) and disposed so as to face the upstream side of a river; and a downstream wall part (4), which is constructed by connecting the multiple segments (31) by the fasteners (32) and disposed so as to face the downstream side of the river. A segment (31) composing a wall part of at least either the upstream wall part (3) or the downstream wall part (4) is partly or entirely connected by the fastener (32) to a segment (31) adjacent to the segment (31) outside the wall part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a dam provided in a river.

  Sabo dams are known to prevent disasters caused by debris flows. The sabo dam includes an upstream wall portion provided to face the upstream side of the river, and a downstream wall portion provided to face the downstream side of the river. Some sabo dams have an upstream wall constructed by connecting a plurality of steel sheet piles. In the space formed between the two wall portions, soil cement is placed as a filling material.

  The upstream wall portion is configured by joining steel sheet piles having grip-shaped slide joint portions on both side edges and connecting the slide joint portions to each other. The steel sheet pile is inserted between two steel sheet piles that are spaced apart from each other, and the steel sheet pile is further inserted while joining the slide joint portion (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As another upstream wall portion, there is one in which a plurality of steel sheet piles including flange portions provided with a first joint portion and a second joint portion are connected to both side portions. Engage the first joint portion of one of the adjacent steel sheet piles and the second joint portion of the other steel sheet pile disposed adjacent to the first joint portion to connect the adjacent steel sheet piles (for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent No. 4060135 JP 2014-214532 A

  By the way, the soil cement cast as a filling material for the dam changes in properties or deteriorates over time, so it is necessary to inspect it regularly. Moreover, the steel sheet pile which comprises a wall part may be damaged by the collision of a falling thing, and the necessity to replace | exchange the damaged steel sheet pile may arise.

However, when the steel sheet piles are connected to each other via the slide joint part as in Patent Document 1 at the time of inspection / repair of the dam, it is necessary to pull out the steel sheet pile again in order to release the connection at the slide joint part. There is. As in Patent Document 2, when the steel sheet piles are connected to each other via the joint portion, the engagement between the joint portions must be released. Since the connection between the steel sheet piles can only be slid in the longitudinal direction, the work after the construction of the dam is extremely difficult. Therefore, in order to check the state of the soil cement and replace the damaged steel sheet pile, the target steel sheet pile must be cut.
In addition, after the inspection of soil cement and replacement of steel sheet piles, the section where the steel sheet piles were cut had to be repaired, and the work at the time of inspection and repair of the dam was time consuming.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and improves the connecting structure of the segments constituting the wall, and checks the filling material such as soil cement and replaces damaged segments. An object is to provide a dam that can reduce the dam.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a plurality of segments connected by fasteners, and an upstream wall portion provided so as to face the upstream side of a river, and the plurality of segments connected by fasteners. And a downstream wall portion provided so as to be opposed to the downstream side of the river, and one of the segments constituting at least one of the upstream wall portion and the downstream wall portion. A part or the whole is connected to a segment adjacent to the segment outside the wall.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said fastener is equipped with a volt | bolt and the nut screwed together in the said volt | bolt.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the segment has a hole through which the bolt is inserted when connecting to an adjacent segment, and the nut is fixed to the segment on the same axis as the hole.

  In addition, the segment includes a plate that receives what flows from the upstream of the river, and a rib that is erected on the outer edge of the plate and has the hole formed therein. Are arranged opposite to the other segments so that the hole is exposed to the outside of the wall, and is adjacent to the part of the segment, and the hole is exposed to the inside of the wall. The nut is preferably fixed on the same axis as the hole.

  Further, the filling material filled in the space formed between the upstream wall portion and the downstream wall portion, one end is connected to a locking piece provided in the partial segment, and the other end is A first reinforcing member embedded in the filling material, and a second reinforcing member having one end connected to the hole of the other segment and the other end buried in the filling material. preferable.

  In addition, it is preferable that all of the segments constituting the wall portion are connected by the fastener on the outside of the wall portion.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said locking piece is clamped between adjacent segments.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said segment arrange | positioned so that the said hole may be exposed to the outer side of the said wall part is arrange | positioned at the sleeve part adjacent to the at least one bank of the said river.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to greatly reduce the inspection work of the filling material inside the dam and the replacement work of the damaged segment.

It is the perspective view which looked at a part of dam. It is the perspective view which looked at the upstream wall part of the dam of 1st Embodiment from the dam inner side. It is a figure explaining the connection structure of the segments shown in FIG. 2, Fig.3 (a) is the perspective view seen from the dam outer side, FIG.3 (b) is the perspective view seen from the dam inner side. . It is a figure explaining the attachment structure of the reinforcement member to the segment shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which looked at the upstream wall part of the dam of 2nd Embodiment from the dam inner side. FIG. 6A is a perspective view seen from the outer side of the dam, and FIG. 6B is a perspective view seen from the inner side of the dam. . It is a figure explaining the attachment structure of the reinforcement member to the segment shown in FIG.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiment is merely an example, and various embodiments can be employed within the scope of the present invention.

[First Embodiment]
<Configuration of dam>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an impervious sabo dam 1 provided in a river, and a part of the dam 1 is viewed in cross section.
As shown in FIG. 1, the dam 1 includes a foundation portion 2, an upstream wall portion 3, a downstream wall portion 4, and a filling material 5. The sleeve of the dam 1 continues to the river bank.

1. The base part The base part 2 is formed of concrete, and is provided at the bottom of the river along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the river flows (the width direction of the river). Two base portions 2 are provided, and are arranged at predetermined intervals on the upstream side and the downstream side.
The upper surface of each base portion 2 is formed in a planar shape, the upstream wall portion 3 is provided on the upper surface of the upstream base portion 2, and the downstream wall portion 4 is provided on the upper surface of the downstream base portion 2. ing.
Between the base portion 2 and the upstream wall portion 3, a bottom passing material 21 having a substantially L-shaped cross section is provided (see FIGS. 4 and 7). The bottom threading member 21 is fixed to the upper surface of the base portion 2 by, for example, anchor bolts.

2. Upstream Wall FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the upstream wall 3 viewed from the inside of the dam 1. Since the upstream wall part 3 is provided on the upper surface of the upstream base part 2, the upstream wall part 3 is provided to face the upstream side of the river.

  The upstream wall portion 3 is configured by connecting a plurality of segments 31 by fasteners 32 and is reinforced by a reinforcing member 35.

(segment)
The segment 31 has a plate 33 that flows from the upstream of the river, and mainly receives, for example, rock, wood, and the like, and a rib 34 that is erected on each edge of the plate 33 and joined by welding or the like. doing.

  The plate 33 is configured in a rectangular shape in plan view, and is formed, for example, by bending a steel plate into a wave shape. The plate 33 is not limited to a steel plate as long as the rib 34 can be joined. Further, the plate 33 is not limited to a wave shape, and a flat steel plate may be used. The plate 33 is formed in a wave shape in which both end portions in the short side direction are formed in a flat plate shape, and the other part is uneven in the thickness direction of the plate 33 along the short side direction.

The rib 34 is formed from, for example, a steel plate that can be joined to the plate 33 by welding. The rib 34 is joined to each edge of the plate 33 formed in a rectangular shape. That is, one plate 33 and four ribs 34 are provided in one segment 31. Adjacent ribs 34 are arranged so that their main surface directions are parallel to each other so that their main surface directions are perpendicular to each other. Each rib 34 is formed with a plurality of holes 34a through which fasteners 32 for connecting and fixing adjacent segments 31 to each other are inserted. Each hole 34 a is formed so that the center thereof is located at the same distance from each lateral edge (longer edge) of the rib 34. That is, the holes 34a are formed so that the positions of the holes 34a match even when the segments 31 are stacked upside down. Each hole 34 a of each rib 34 is located on one surface side of the plate 33 when the segment 31 is manufactured by joining the rib 34 to the plate 33. In a state where the adjacent segments 31 are alternately arranged in the vertical direction, the holes 34a of both the adjacent segments 31 are in a state where the positions are on the same axis.
Both edges in the longitudinal direction of the plate 33 formed in a rectangular shape may be bent into a flange shape when the plate 33 is manufactured, and may be ribs 34 integrally formed with the plate 33.
In addition, you may affix the waterproofing tape (not shown) as a sealing member between the adjacent segments 31. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, adjacent segments 31 are arranged alternately (staggered) in the vertical direction so that the upper and lower end edges thereof do not have the same height. Among the plurality of segments 31 constituting the upstream wall portion 3, some of the segments 31a are disposed in the opposite directions with respect to the other segments 31b. That is, some segments 31 a are arranged such that the holes 34 a of the ribs 34 are exposed to the outside of the dam 1, and the other segments 31 b are so that the holes 34 a of the ribs 34 are exposed to the inside of the dam 1. Has been placed. At this time, a part of the segments 31a and the other segments 31b have the same configuration, and the positions of the holes 34a are also located at the same distance from the respective lateral edges (longer edges) of the ribs 34. Therefore, even if it is used upside down, the fastening portion 32 can be inserted into the hole 34a without any problem when connected.

(Fastener)
The fastener 32 connects adjacent segments 31 to each other. The fastener 32 includes a bolt 32a and a nut 32b (see FIG. 2) that is screwed into the bolt 32a. Between the segments 31b, the bolts 32a are inserted into the holes 34a of both connected segments 31b inside the upstream wall portion 3, and tightened via the nuts 32b on the segment 31b side opposite to the inserted side. Are connected.
In FIG. 2, only a part of the bolts 32 a and the nuts 32 b that connect the segments 31 are shown to make the drawing easier to see.

FIGS. 3A and 3B show a connecting structure of the segment 31a and the segment 31b.
FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the connected segments 31 a and 31 b in an enlarged view from the upper outside of the upstream wall portion 3. The segment 31a is disposed in the opposite direction to the segment 31b, and the hole 34a of the segment 31a is exposed to the outside of the upstream wall 3.
The segment 31 a is connected to the segment 31 b at each rib 34. The segments 31a and 31b are arranged so that the holes 34a are aligned with each other as in the case of connecting the segments 31b. Therefore, the bolt 32a inserted from the outside of the segment 31a is also inserted into the hole 34a exposed to the inside of the segment 31b.
FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the connected segments 31 a and 31 b in an enlarged view from the lower inner side of the upstream wall portion 3. A nut 32b is fixed to the rib 34 of the segment 31b connected to the segment 31a by welding or the like on the same axis as the hole 34a. The tip of the bolt 32a inserted from the outside of the segment 31a is screwed with a nut 32b fixed to the rib 34 inside the segment 31b.

(Reinforcing member)
FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the mounting structure of the reinforcing member 35.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the reinforcing member 35 increases the pressure resistance of the segment 31. One end of the reinforcing member 35 is embedded in the filling material 5 to be placed later, and the other end is connected to the segment 31.

The reinforcing member 35a (first reinforcing member) that reinforces the segment 31a is formed of, for example, a rod-shaped reinforcing bar. A screw thread is formed at one end of the reinforcing member 35a. The screw thread portion is inserted into a metal pressure receiving plate 36. The pressure receiving plate 36 is sandwiched between the nuts from both sides, and the nut is screwed into the screw thread to fix the pressure receiving plate 36 to the reinforcing member 35a.
The other end of the reinforcing member 35a is bent in a hook shape so as to be folded back to the one end. The reinforcement member 35a is connected to the segment 31a by hooking the other end of the hook-like reinforcement member 35a into the connection hole 37a of the locking piece 37 sandwiched between the adjacent segments 31. Here, an insertion hole 37 b of a bolt 32 a is formed in the locking piece 37, and the locking piece 37 is connected together with the segment 31 by inserting a bolt 32 a that connects adjacent segments 31 to each other. . That is, the bolt 32a used to connect the adjacent segments 31a and 31b is used as a bolt for fixing the locking piece 37 to both the adjacent segments 31a and 31b. The insertion holes 37b are formed at intervals so as to be aligned with the holes 34a of both the segments 31a and 31b. The locking piece 37 is not limited to being connected by the bolt 32a, and may be joined to the rib 34 by welding. The locking piece 37 is disposed between the segments 31 a and 31 b adjacent in the width direction of the upstream wall 3, but is disposed between the segments 31 a and 31 b adjacent in the height direction of the upstream wall 3. May be. One end of the reinforcing member 35 a is embedded in the filling material 5.

The reinforcing member 35b (second reinforcing member) that reinforces the segment 31b is formed of, for example, a rod-shaped reinforcing bar. A screw thread is formed at one end of the reinforcing member 35b. The screw thread portion is inserted into a metal pressure receiving plate 36. The pressure receiving plate 36 is sandwiched by nuts from both sides, and the nut is screwed into the screw thread to fix the pressure receiving plate 36 to the reinforcing member 35b.
The other end of the reinforcing member 35b is formed so as to bend in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing member 35b. A thread is formed in the curved portion. The reinforcing member 35b is connected to the segment 31b by inserting the other end of the reinforcing member 35b into the holes 34a of both adjacent segments 31b and via a nut on the segment 31b side opposite to the inserted side. It is done by tightening. One end portion of the reinforcing member 35 b is embedded in the filling material 5.

  In addition, the position in the upstream wall part 3 of the segment 31a can be set arbitrarily. For example, it is preferable to arrange the segment 31a on the sleeve portion of the upstream wall portion 3 adjacent to at least one shore of the river, which causes the least damage to the upstream wall portion 3 when a sediment disaster such as debris flow occurs.

3. As shown in FIG. 1, the downstream wall 4 is provided on the upper surface of the foundation 2 on the downstream side, so the downstream wall 4 is provided to face the downstream side of the river. Yes.
The downstream wall portion 4 is configured by connecting a plurality of segments 41 with fasteners including bolts and nuts. The adjacent segments 41 are arranged alternately (staggered) in the vertical direction so that the upper and lower edges of the adjacent segments 41 do not have the same height. The segment 41 is composed of a concrete panel. A support member and a reinforcing member (not shown) are connected to the segment 41 in the vicinity of the base portion 2.
In addition, you may affix the waterproofing tape (not shown) as a sealing member between the adjacent segments 41. FIG. Further, the downstream wall 4 may be configured by connecting a plurality of segments in the same manner as the upstream wall 3.

4). Middle Filling Material As shown in FIG. 1, the middle filling material 5 is placed in the space S between the upstream wall portion 3 and the downstream wall portion 4 and has fluidity.
Specifically, the filling material 5 is a soil cement prepared by mixing cement and water with locally generated soil on the site where the dam 1 is installed. The soil cement used here is not questioned about the degree of slump. In other words, the dam 1 is a dam that can be handled with or without the fluidity of the soil cement. Therefore, whatever the nature of the soil generated locally, it can be constructed as a dam by adjusting the amount of cement and water.

<Weir construction method>
Next, a method for constructing a dam using soil cement (filling material) will be described.

Concrete is placed at the construction position of the dam 1 to construct the foundation 2. The bottom threading material 21 is installed on the constructed base portion 2. A predetermined interval is provided on the installed bottom-passing material 21 and the segment 31 of the upstream wall portion 3 and the segment 41 of the downstream wall portion 4 are stacked, and the height of a single soil cement placement is obtained. The wall of the segment 31 corresponding to is constructed. Note that each reinforcing member 35 is also connected to the segment 31 when the wall of the segment 31 is constructed.
When constructing the upstream wall portion 3, a part of the plurality of segments 31 is stacked upside down with the other segments 31 so that the holes 34 a are exposed to the outside of the dam 1.
Some of the segments 31 that are adjacent to each other in the opposite direction are inserted through the bolt 32a from the outside of the dam 1 into the hole 34a, and on the side of the segment 31 that is opposite to the inserted side, The tip and the nut 32b are screwed and connected. In other words, in the upstream wall portion 3, a connection operation between some segments 31 is performed from the outside of the upstream wall portion 3.

After the above work, or in parallel with this work, a mixing facility (mixing dredger) is provided at the construction site, and cement and water are added to the soil generated on the site and mixed to form the soil as the filling material 5 Create cement. In this mixing operation, the site-generated soil, cement, and water are mixed using a backhoe bucket excavated from the site-generated soil.
Next, the prepared soil cement is placed in the space S formed between the upstream wall portion 3 and the downstream wall portion 4. The placing work is performed by suspending a concrete bucket with a crane or the like.
Next, the placed soil cement is compacted using a vibrator for concrete.
The soil cement may be a soil cement having a slump obtained by mixing water and cement as described above, or a soil cement having a slump value of zero. When placing a soil cement having a slump value of zero, the soil cement is placed in the space S between the upstream wall 3 and the downstream wall 4, leveled, and then compacted.

After curing and solidifying the soil cement, the upstream wall portion 3 and the downstream wall portion 4 corresponding to the height of the next soil cement placement are constructed, and the soil cement is placed. In this case, the locking piece 37 is fixed between any adjacent segments 31 during the stacking process of the segments 31.
After this operation is repeated to a predetermined height, protective concrete 12 is placed at the top, and the dam 1 is completed.

<Action, effect>
According to the dam 1 having the above configuration, a part of the segment 31a constituting the upstream wall portion 3 is connected to the segment 31b adjacent to the segment 31a outside the upstream wall portion 3 by the bolt 32a. Therefore, when checking the aging and deterioration of the filling material 5 or replacing the damaged segment 31, the bolt 32a can be easily removed from the nut 32b on the segment 31b side from the outside of the dam 1 it can. Therefore, since the segment 31a can be easily removed from the upstream wall 3 without cutting, the work burden in the inspection and repair of the dam 1 can be greatly reduced.
By fixing the nut 32b to the segment 31b on the same axis as the hole 34a, the operator only has to insert and turn only the bolt 32a into the hole 34a. improves.
By connecting one end of the reinforcing member 35 to the segment 31 and embedding the other end in the filling material 5, the pressure strength of the upstream wall portion 3 can be improved.
Since the connection between the segment 31 and the locking piece 37 can be released by removing the bolt 32a from the outside of the upstream wall portion 3, the connection between the segment 31 and the reinforcing member 35a can also be easily released. Therefore, even when the reinforcing member 35 a is connected to the segment 31, the segment 31 can be easily detached from the upstream wall portion 3.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Since the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the upstream wall portion, only the configuration of the upstream wall portion will be described below, and the same configuration as in the first embodiment is the same. The reference numerals are attached and the description is omitted.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the upstream wall 3 </ b> A as viewed from the inside of the dam 1. As shown in FIG. 5, all the segments 31c constituting the upstream wall portion 3A are arranged so that the holes 34a of the ribs 34 are exposed to the outside of the upstream wall portion 3A. That is, all the segments 31c constituting the upstream wall portion 3A are connected by the bolt 32a and the nut 32b outside the upstream wall portion 3A.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating a connection structure of the segments 31c. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the bolt 32a is inserted into the hole 34a of the adjacent segment 31c on the outer side of the upstream wall 3A, and is on the side opposite to the inserted side. And is tightened via a nut 32b.
In FIG. 6A, unlike the first embodiment, a nut 32b is not fixed to the rib 34 of the segment 31c on the same axis as the hole 34a of the rib 34 by welding or the like. The rib 34 may be fixed.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a connection structure of the reinforcing member 35a to the segment 31c. As shown in FIG. 7, since all the segments 31c are arranged so that the holes 34a of the ribs 34 are exposed to the outside of the upstream wall portion 3A, the reinforcing member 35a is provided between the adjacent segments 31c. It is hooked on the locking piece 37.

  As described above, by arranging all the segments 31c constituting the upstream wall portion 3A so that the holes 34a of the ribs 34 are exposed to the outside of the upstream wall portion 3A, any segment 31c can be easily removed. . Thereby, only the damaged segment 31c can be replaced | exchanged easily even if any segment 31c is damaged by generation | occurrence | production of a debris flow. In addition, when checking the properties of the filling material 5, it is possible to check at any position, so that the accuracy of the inspection of the filling material 5 can be increased.

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the above embodiment, the upstream wall portion is composed of a plurality of segments, and at least some of the segments are arranged reversely with respect to the other segments, but the downstream wall portion is composed of a plurality of segments, and at least Some segments may be arranged upside down with respect to other segments.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dam 2 Base part 3, 3A Upstream wall part 4 Downstream wall part 5 Filling material 12 Protective concrete 31 Segment 31a Segment 31b Segment 32 Fastening tool 32a Bolt 32b Nut 33 Plate 34 Rib 34a Hole 35 Reinforcement member 35a Reinforcement member 35b Reinforcement member 37 Locking piece 37a Connecting hole 37b Insertion hole

Claims (8)

A plurality of segments connected by fasteners, an upstream wall provided to face the upstream side of the river;
A plurality of segments connected by fasteners, and a downstream wall provided to face the downstream side of the river;
A dam with
Among the upstream wall portion and the downstream wall portion, a part or all of the segment constituting at least one wall portion is connected to the segment adjacent to the segment outside the wall portion by the fastener. A dam characterized by. The fastener includes a bolt;
A nut screwed into the bolt;
The dam according to claim 1, comprising: The segment has a hole through which the bolt is inserted when connecting to an adjacent segment;
The dam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nut is fixed to the segment on the same axis as the hole. The segment receives a plate that flows from upstream of the river;
A rib standing on an outer edge of the plate and having the hole formed therein;
With
A part of the segments constituting the wall portion is arranged in the opposite direction to the other segments so that the hole is exposed to the outside of the wall portion,
The dam according to claim 3, wherein the nut is fixed on the same axis as the hole in a segment adjacent to the part of the segment and in which the hole is exposed to the inside of the wall portion. . A filling material filled in a space formed between the upstream wall portion and the downstream wall portion;
A first reinforcing member having one end connected to a locking piece provided in the partial segment and the other end embedded in the filling material;
A second reinforcing member having one end connected to the hole of the other segment and the other end embedded in the filling material;
The dam according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by comprising:   The dam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein all of the segments constituting the wall portion are connected to each other by the fastener on the outside of the wall portion.   The dam according to claim 5, wherein the locking piece is sandwiched between adjacent segments.   The said segment arrange | positioned so that the said hole may be exposed to the outer side of the said wall part is arrange | positioned at the sleeve part adjacent to the at least one bank of the said river. The dam according to any one of the items.

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