JP2016032425A - Power supply system and movable body therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably supply power regardless of a change of a disposition state of an electrode.SOLUTION: A hybrid series resonant circuit is a resonance circuit including a serial connection of a coupling capacitor 202 and a parallel connection part 201 including a parallel connection of a coil 211 and a resister 212. Even when a distance d is extended, a reduction rate of an output voltage Vout is low. In other words, even when the distance d is extended to a certain extent, it becomes possible to supply power at a constant efficiency. Since its degree of reduction is slow, the distance d never be a pin-point and the problem of series resonance is solved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 14

Description

The present invention relates to a power supply system for supplying power to various loads, and a movable body therefor.

In general, a power supply system that supplies power to various loads arranged on the floor surface is a contact type that supplies power by bringing an electrode that is exposed on the floor surface into contact with an electrode provided on the bottom surface of the load. The power supply system can be broadly divided into a non-contact type power supply system that supplies power without contacting an electrode provided in a non-exposed state inside the floor with a load electrode.

Among these, a conventional non-contact power supply system is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1. This system supplies power to a load (a ground movable body) that moves along a traveling path. An induction wire is disposed along the traveling path, and an iron core in which a coil is wound around the ground movable body. Is provided. Then, a high-frequency current is passed through the induction wire, and electromagnetic induction is performed with the induction wire as the primary side and the coil as the secondary side, thereby supplying power to the ground movable body.

Non-patent document 1 discloses a wireless power transmission sheet as another non-contact type power supply system. This wireless power transmission sheet includes a coil for power transmission, a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) switch for power control, a position detection coil for a power receiving device, and an organic transistor that performs position detection using the position detection coil. It is configured by forming on a plastic film using a printing technique. In this wireless power transmission sheet, the approach position of the electronic device is specified by detecting the change in the inductance of the position detection coil with the approach of the electronic device to the sheet by the organic transistor. And the power transmission coil corresponding to this specified position is selected with a MEMS switch, and electric power is transmitted from the selected power transmission coil.

  However, in such a conventional non-contact power supply system, in order to increase the power transmission efficiency, the induction wire and the coil are brought close to each other, or the magnetic flux generated by energizing the induction wire is applied to the central axis of the coil. There were many restrictions on the position, such as the need to align the guide wire and the coil so that they could pass through. Accordingly, there is a problem that power can be supplied only through a fixed route such as a traveling path, and power cannot be supplied to a movable body such as a robot that needs to move freely on the floor surface. . In addition, it is necessary to use a magnetic material such as an iron core to form a magnetic path, which increases the weight and causes noise due to magnetostriction when the magnetic material is subjected to AC excitation. Further, even in the conventional wireless power transmission sheet, in order to increase the power transmission efficiency, it is necessary to match the position of the power transmission coil with the position of the power reception coil of the electronic device, and there are still many restrictions on the position. In addition, since many switches are used, there is a possibility that reliability may be lowered. In addition, as a non-contact power supply system, it is conceivable to supply power using electromagnetic waves, but there are strict regulations from the viewpoint of avoiding adverse effects on the human body and malfunctions of electronic devices, and people like office spaces It was difficult to install in the place where there is.

  In view of such a point, the inventors of the present application have proposed a power supply system that can perform non-contact power feeding using series resonance instead of electromagnetic induction or electromagnetic waves (see Patent Document 2, however, this application). At the time of filing, the patent document 2 is not disclosed and the power supply system is not known). Hereinafter, an outline of the power supply system will be described.

  FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of such a conventional power supply system. This power supply system is a power supply system for supplying power to a load 104 from a fixed body 101 arranged in a power supply area 100 via a movable body 103 arranged in a power supplied area 102. is there. The fixed body 101 includes a first power transmission electrode 105 and a second power transmission electrode 106 arranged at positions near the boundary surface between the power supply region 100 and the power supplied region 102. The movable body 103 is disposed in the vicinity of the boundary surface, and the first power receiving electrode 107 is disposed so as to face the first power transmitting electrode 105 or the second power transmitting electrode 106 in a non-contact manner. And a second power receiving electrode 108. The first power transmission electrode 105 and the second power transmission electrode 106 and the first power reception electrode 107 and the second power reception electrode 108 are combined to form a coupling capacitor 109, and the coupling capacitor 109 and the coil 110 are connected in series. By forming a resonance circuit, it is possible to supply power from the fixed body 101 to the movable body 103 with high efficiency. Specifically, a large number of such fixed bodies 101 are juxtaposed below the floor plate 111, and the power supply can be continued in a non-contact manner while the movable body 103 is running on the floor plate 111. It becomes.

  In this power supply system, an AC power supply 115 whose frequency can be controlled by switching is provided on the fixed body 101, and the AC power of the desired frequency is supplied to the first power transmission electrode 105 and the second power transmission by the AC power supply 115. The electrode 106 is supplied.

  In addition, this power supply system is provided with a function that enables communication between the fixed body 101 and the movable body 103 in order to perform power supply control. Specifically, each fixed body 101 is provided with a communication unit 112, and the movable body 103 is provided with a communication unit 113. Then, a power supply request signal is transmitted from the communication unit 113 of the movable body 103. When the power supply request signal is received by its own communication unit 112, each fixed body 101 performs power supply control assuming that the movable body 103 is positioned above itself.

  Further, even when it can be determined that the movable body 103 is located above itself, when the movable body 103 moves in a random direction, the movable body 103 is disposed to face the first power transmission electrode 105. Whether the electrode is the first power receiving electrode 107 or the second power receiving electrode 108, or the electrode disposed opposite to the second power transmitting electrode 106 is the first power receiving electrode 107 or the second power receiving electrode 108. Cannot be specified. Therefore, rectification is performed using the connection portion 114 having a plurality of diodes, and power supply can be continued so as to match the polarity of the load 104 regardless of the opposing arrangement state of each electrode. In addition, when the diode is arranged on the movable body 103 and the coil 110 is provided between the diode and the load 104 in this way, the diode 110 is rectified and the series resonance with the coupling capacitor 109 is not established. Therefore, the coil 110 is arranged on the fixed body 101 side.

  According to this power supply system, since it is not necessary to expose the first power transmission electrode 105 and the second power transmission electrode 106 to the power supply region 102, introduction into a place where a person is present is facilitated. In addition, since it is possible to supply power if the electrodes are arranged facing each other at a distance such that a desired capacitor capacity is generated, it is not necessary to perform precise alignment as in the electromagnetic induction method. In contrast, power can be supplied.

JP-A-9-93704 JP 2009-89520 A

Sekitani, T .; Et al., “Nature materials”, Vol. 6, pp. 413-417, 2007

  However, in the power supply system described in Patent Document 2, the movable body is not disposed at a position where each power transmission electrode and each power reception electrode completely correspond to each other in the vertical direction, When the power receiving electrode is arranged, the predetermined series resonance condition is not satisfied, so that the power transmission efficiency is lowered, or it is necessary to satisfy the series resonance condition by shifting the transmission frequency according to the arrangement state of the electrode. It was.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system that can stably supply power regardless of changes in the arrangement state of electrodes in the power supply system. Moreover, an object of this invention is to provide the movable body and fixed body for comprising such an electric power supply system.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the power supply system can have the following configuration.
(1) A power supply system for supplying power to a predetermined load from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area via a movable body arranged in a power supply area,
A coupling capacitor composed of the fixed body and the movable body;
A parallel connection including a parallel connection of a coil and a resistor;
A power supply system comprising a resonant circuit including a series connection of

(2) The power supply system according to (1), wherein the parallel connection portion of the resonance circuit further includes a parallel connection of a variable capacitor in addition to the coil and the resistor.

(3) There are two or more coils in the parallel connection part of the resonance circuit, and two or more coils exhibit a transforming function.
The power supply system according to (1) or (2).

Further, the movable body of the power supply system can take the following configuration.
(4) A movable body that is disposed in the power supply area and that supplies power supplied from a fixed body disposed in the power supply area to a predetermined load,
A coupling capacitor composed of the fixed body and the movable body;
A parallel connection including a parallel connection of a coil and a resistor;
A movable body including a resonance circuit including a series connection of.

(5)
The movable body according to (4), wherein the parallel connection portion of the resonance circuit further includes a parallel connection of a variable capacitor in addition to the coil and the resistor.

(6)
There are two or more coils in the parallel connection portion of the resonant circuit, and two or more coils exhibit a transforming function.
The movable body according to (4) or (5).

  According to the present invention, stable power supply can be performed regardless of changes in the arrangement state of the electrodes.

1 is a perspective view of a living room to which a power supply system according to Embodiment 1 is applied. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the fixed body and movable body of FIG. It is the figure which simplified and showed the circuit structure of the electric power supply system. FIG. 4A is a diagram in the case where the capacitance of the coupling capacitor is set to a predetermined reference value C1, and FIG. 4A is a diagram comparing the voltage between both electrodes of the coupling capacitor and the input voltage Vin to the load unit, FIG. ) Is a diagram showing power consumption at the load. FIG. 5A is a diagram in the case where the capacitance of the coupling capacitor is set to 1/10 of C1, and FIG. 5A is a diagram comparing the voltage between both electrodes of the coupling capacitor with the input voltage Vin to the load unit, FIG. b) is a diagram showing the power consumption at the load. It is the figure which showed the influence by the presence or absence of the parallel resonant circuit in a fixed body and a movable body. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the fixed body and movable body which concern on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is the principal part enlarged view which showed the fixed body and movable body of FIG. 7 in detail. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the fixed body and movable body which concern on Embodiment 3. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a main part showing details of the fixed body and the movable body in FIG. 9. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the conventional electric power supply system. It is a figure which shows the structure and characteristic of a series resonance circuit. It is a figure which shows the structure and characteristic by the coupling | bonding of only a coupling capacitor. It is a figure which shows the structure and characteristic of the hybrid series resonance circuit to which this invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the characteristic of the hybrid series resonance circuit of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the spice simulation circuit of the parallel resonant circuit for a comparison. It is a figure which shows the simulation result (calculated value of a characteristic) of the spice simulation circuit of the parallel resonant circuit for comparison of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure different from FIG. 14 of a hybrid series resonance circuit, ie, the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structural example of an electric power supply system provided with a parallel resonance circuit. It is a figure which shows the structural example of an electric power supply system provided with a parallel resonance circuit.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a power supply system, a movable body, and a fixed body according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, [I] the basic concept common to each embodiment was explained, then [II] the specific contents of each embodiment were explained, and [III] finally, a modification to each embodiment was explained. To do. However, the present invention is not limited by these embodiments.

[I] Basic concept common to the embodiments First, the basic concept common to the embodiments will be described. The power supply system according to each embodiment is a power supply system for supplying power from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area to a movable body arranged in a power supply area. The specific configuration of the power supply area and the power supply area is arbitrary, and includes, for example, an internal space of a building such as a general house or an office building, an internal space of a vehicle such as a train or an airplane, or an outdoor space. Hereinafter, a surface that partitions the power supply region and the power supplied region from each other is referred to as a boundary surface. For example, when the power supply area is a room of a building and the power supply area is a floor of the room, the upper surface (floor surface) of the floor is a boundary surface.

  The fixed body includes one provided with a power source inside the fixed body and one that supplies power supplied from a power source outside the fixed body to the movable body. This fixed body is arranged in the power supply area, but is not limited to one that is permanently immovable and can be removed from the power supply area when not in use, Including those that can move to any position inside. In particular, the entire fixed body is not limited to a fixed one at all times. For example, by adjusting the positions of some components of the fixed body as necessary, the relative relationship between the component and the movable body is increased. Including those that can change the positional relationship.

  The movable body includes one that is used by being fixedly arranged in the power supply area (stationary body) and one that moves as necessary within the power supply area (moving body). The function and specific configuration of the movable body are arbitrary except for special points. For example, the stationary body can include devices such as computers and household appliances, and the mobile body can be a robot or an electric vehicle. Can be mentioned.

  The power supply system configured as described above supplies electric power from the fixed body to the movable body in a non-contact manner. This non-contact power supply is generally performed using a capacitor disposed via a boundary surface. Specifically, a power transmission electrode provided on a fixed body and a power reception electrode provided on a movable body are disposed so as to face each other in a non-contact manner with a boundary surface interposed therebetween, whereby a capacitor (hereinafter referred to as a “coupling capacitor”). Configure. At least two such coupling capacitors are provided and arranged in the power transmission path, and electric field type power transmission is performed through the two coupling capacitors. According to this configuration, since it is not necessary to expose the power transmission electrode of the fixed body to the power supply region, it is possible to improve the safety and durability of the power supply system. In addition, by arranging a plurality of power transmission electrodes, even when the movable body moves, power can be continuously supplied to the movable body, and the degree of freedom of movement of the movable body can be ensured.

In particular, a part of the characteristics of the power supply system according to each embodiment is that a parallel resonant circuit is provided in the movable body, and power is supplied from the fixed body under the condition that the parallel resonant circuit generates parallel resonance. With this configuration, the impedance of the coupling capacitor can be made extremely small compared to the impedance of the parallel resonant circuit at the time of parallel resonance, and the advantage of suppressing the influence on the power supply efficiency due to the capacitance variation of the coupling capacitor is obtained. be able to.
As will be described later, the resonance circuit is not limited to a parallel resonance circuit.

[II] Specific Contents of Each Embodiment Next, specific contents of each embodiment of the power supply system, the movable body, and the fixed body will be described.

[Embodiment 1]
First, the first embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, a parallel resonance circuit is provided on the movable body side.

(Constitution)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a living room to which the power supply system according to Embodiment 1 is applied. In the present embodiment, a movable body (here, a robot) that moves inside a power supplied area (here, a living room) 2 from a fixed body 10 arranged in the power supply area (here, below the floor board 3) 1. An example of supplying power to 20 is shown, and the power supply system of the present embodiment is configured by including the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20. Here, the floor board 3 laid above the power supply area 1 corresponds to a boundary surface between the power supply area 1 and the power supplied area 2, and coupling capacitors 30 and 31 to be described later via the floor board 3. (Not shown in FIG. 1) is configured.

(Configuration-fixed body)
Next, the configuration of the fixed body 10 will be described. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20 of FIG. The fixed body 10 includes an AC power supply 11, a first power transmission electrode 12, a second power transmission electrode 13, a first parallel resonance circuit 14, and a second parallel resonance circuit 15. Although only one fixed body 10 is shown in FIG. 2, actually, a plurality of fixed bodies 10 are juxtaposed along the floor plate 3 in the power supplied region 2 as shown in FIG. 1.

  The AC power supply 11 is a supply source of AC power. In FIG. 2, one AC power supply 11 is provided in one fixed body 10, but AC power may be supplied to another fixed body 10 (not shown in FIG. 2).

  Each of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 is a flat conductor, and is disposed so as to be substantially parallel to the floor plate 3 at a position near the lower side of the floor plate 3. The first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 may be brought into contact with the floor board 3 or may be arranged at a minute distance from the floor board 3. In any case, the surfaces of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 on the power supply region 2 side (here, the upper surface) are completely covered by the floor plate 3, and the first The power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 are not exposed to the power supplied region 2. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 from each other, these are simply collectively referred to as “power transmission electrodes 12 and 13”.

  The first parallel resonant circuit 14 is connected to the AC power supply 11 and includes a second capacitor 14a and a second coil 14b. The second capacitor 14a and the second coil 14b are connected in parallel to each other to constitute a parallel resonance circuit.

  The second parallel resonant circuit 15 is connected to the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13, and includes a third capacitor 15a and a third coil 15b. The third capacitor 15a and the third coil 15b are connected in parallel to each other to constitute a parallel resonance circuit. The second coil 14b and the third coil 15b are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval, and power is transmitted between the second coil 14b and the third coil 15b by mutual induction. Is arranged to be possible. Further, in order to boost the output voltage of the AC power supply 11 at a desired transformation ratio and supply the boosted voltage to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13, a turn ratio between the second coil 14b and the third coil 15b is set.

(Configuration-movable body)
Next, the configuration of the movable body 20 will be described. The movable body 20 includes a first power receiving electrode 21 a, a second power receiving electrode 21 b, a third parallel resonance circuit 22, a fourth parallel resonance circuit 23, and a load 24.

  Each of the first power receiving electrode 21a and the second power receiving electrode 21b receives power supplied from the fixed body 10, and is configured as a flat conductor. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first power receiving electrode 21a and the second power receiving electrode 21b from each other, these are simply collectively referred to as “power receiving electrode 21”. These power receiving electrodes 21 are arranged substantially parallel to the floor plate 3 at a position in direct contact with the upper surface of the floor plate 3 or at a position spaced apart by a minute interval.

  In this state, one of the first power receiving electrode 21a and the second power receiving electrode 21b (the first power receiving electrode 21a in FIG. 2) is disposed opposite to the first power transmitting electrode 12 with the floor plate 3 interposed therebetween. 1 coupling capacitor 30 is formed. In addition, the other one of the first power receiving electrode 21a and the second power receiving electrode 21b (the second power receiving electrode 21b in FIG. 2) is disposed opposite to the second power transmitting electrode 13 with the floor plate 3 interposed therebetween. The coupling capacitor 31 is configured. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first coupling capacitor 30 and the second coupling capacitor 31 from each other, they are simply collectively referred to as “coupling capacitors 30 and 31”. Here, since the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are not exposed in the power supplied region 2, the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrode 21 are arranged in a non-contact state.

  The third parallel resonant circuit 22 is connected to the first power receiving electrode 21a and the second power receiving electrode 21b, and includes a first capacitor 22a and a first coil 22b. The first capacitor 22a and the first coil 22b are connected in parallel to each other to constitute a parallel resonance circuit.

  The fourth parallel resonant circuit 23 is connected to the load 24, and includes a fourth capacitor 23a and a fourth coil 23b. The fourth capacitor 23a and the fourth coil 23b are connected in parallel to each other to constitute a parallel resonance circuit.

  The first coil 22b and the fourth coil 23b are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval, and power is transmitted between the first coil 22b and the fourth coil 23b by mutual induction. Is arranged to be possible. Further, in order to transform the input voltage to the power receiving electrode 21 with a desired transformation ratio and supply it to the load 24, the turn ratio between the first coil 22b and the fourth coil 23b is set.

  The load 24 is driven by AC power supplied via the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 and exhibits a predetermined function. For example, when the movable body 20 is configured as a robot as shown in FIG. 1, the load 24 corresponds to a motor or a control unit built in the robot. In addition, the specific configuration of the load 24 is arbitrary, for example, a communication device that performs transmission and reception of communication signals with a device external to the movable body 20 wirelessly or by wire, and information that performs information processing regarding various types of information A processing device, a sensor that detects a predetermined detection target in the power supply region 2 and outputs a signal related to the detection result to the predetermined device, or a power source that transmits and receives power to a device outside the movable body 20 (for example, two Secondary battery). The load 24 is not necessarily provided inside the movable body 20. The load 24 is provided outside the movable body 20, and power is supplied to the load 24 via the movable body 20. Good. 2 shows only one load 24, power may be supplied to a plurality of loads 24 connected in series or in parallel to each other.

  Here, the capacitors in each parallel resonant circuit are set so that the parallel resonant frequencies f1 of the first parallel resonant circuit 14, the second parallel resonant circuit 15, the third parallel resonant circuit 22, and the fourth parallel resonant circuit 23 are equal to each other. Capacitance and coil inductance are set. Accordingly, the AC power is output from the AC power supply 11 under the condition that causes the parallel resonance circuits 14, 15, 22, and 23 to generate parallel resonance (that is, the AC power is output from the AC power supply 11 at the parallel resonance frequency f1). As a result, parallel resonance occurs in each of the parallel resonance circuits 14, 15, 22, and 23.

(Configuration-floorboard)
The floor plate 3 interposed between the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 and the power receiving electrode 21 is made of a dielectric material that can form the coupling capacitors 30 and 31. As such a dielectric material, for example, a fluororesin can be employed. In addition to the case where the dielectric material is used for the floor plate 3, the surface on the power receiving electrode 21 side of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 or the surface on the power transmission electrode 12 or 13 side of the power receiving electrode 21 can be coated. In addition, the material used for the floor plate 3 and the material used for coating the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrode 21 maintain the required insulation between the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrode 21. It is preferable to have an insulation performance for the purpose.

(Operation of power supply system)
Next, the operation of the power supply system configured as described above will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a simplified circuit configuration of the power supply system. As shown in FIG. 3, the power supply system can be virtually divided into a power supply unit 40, a first coupling capacitor 30, a second coupling capacitor 31, and a load unit 50. In the description of this action, the power supply unit 40 corresponds to the portion excluding the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 in the fixed body 10, and the load unit 50 corresponds to the portion other than the power reception electrode 21 in the movable body 20, It is assumed that the load 24 is included.

  Here, by setting the impedance Z3 of the load unit 50 to an extremely large value compared with the impedance Z1 of the first coupling capacitor 30 and the impedance Z2 of the second coupling capacitor 31, the voltage drop in the coupling capacitors 30, 31 is achieved. The output voltage Vout from the power supply unit 40 and the input voltage Vin to the load unit 50 can be made substantially equal. Thereby, even when the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is fluctuated due to a change in the relative position between the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 and the power receiving electrode 21, the influence on the power supply from the power supply unit 40 to the load unit 50 is affected. It is possible to reduce.

  Specifically, when AC power is output from the AC power supply 11 at a parallel resonance frequency f1 common to each parallel resonance circuit and the parallel resonance condition is satisfied, the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance of the load unit 50 are satisfied. Parallel resonance occurs in the circuit 23. Accordingly, since the impedance of the parallel resonance circuit becomes extremely large at the parallel resonance frequency, the impedance Z3 of the load unit 50 including the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 in which the parallel resonance has occurred is changed to the coupling capacitor 30, The impedance can be made extremely large as compared with the impedances Z1 and Z2 of 31, and the influence on the power supply due to the capacitance variation of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 can be reduced.

  4 and 5 are diagrams comparing the effects on the power supply when the capacitances of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 are changed in the power supply system shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram when the capacitance is a predetermined reference value C1, and FIG. 5 is a diagram when the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is 1/10 of C1. 4A and 5A are diagrams comparing the voltage VC between both electrodes of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 with the input voltage Vin to the load unit 50, and the horizontal axis represents the power supply system. The operating frequency and the vertical axis indicate voltage. 4 (b) and 5 (b) are diagrams showing the power consumption in the load 24. The horizontal axis indicates the operating frequency of the power supply system, and the vertical axis indicates the power consumption.

  When the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is C1, as shown in FIG. 4A, compared to the voltage VC between both electrodes of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 at the parallel resonance frequency f1, The input voltage Vin becomes very large. That is, the output voltage Vout from the power supply unit 40 and the input voltage Vin to the load unit 50 are substantially equal. As shown in FIG. 4B, the power consumption at the load 24 at this time is P1.

  On the other hand, when the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is 0.1 × C1, as shown in FIG. 5A, the voltage between both electrodes of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 at the parallel resonance frequency f1 is It is larger than the case of 4 (a). However, as shown in FIG. 5B, the power consumption P2 at the load 24 at this time is larger than the power consumption P1 at the load 24 when the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is C1. doing. That is, it can be seen that power can be supplied stably even if the capacitances of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 fluctuate.

  Note that in order to increase the impedance of the load unit 50, it is only necessary to generate parallel resonance in the parallel resonance circuit of the load unit 50. Therefore, regardless of the presence or absence of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 and the second parallel resonance circuit 15. First, by providing at least one of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 in the movable body 20, it becomes possible to supply power stably regardless of the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30, 31. An effect can be obtained.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the influence of the presence or absence of a parallel resonant circuit in the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20, where the horizontal axis indicates the operating frequency of the power supply system and the vertical axis indicates the current value. In the graph of FIG. 6, the output current value from the AC power supply 11 when the first parallel resonant circuit 14 and the fourth parallel resonant circuit 23 are excluded from the power supply system shown in FIG. 2 is shown in I1 and FIG. When the fourth parallel resonant circuit 23 is excluded from the power supply system, the output current value from the AC power supply 11 is I2, and the output current value from the AC power supply 11 in the power supply system shown in FIG. .

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the first parallel resonant circuit 14 and the fourth parallel resonant circuit 23 are not provided, the first parallel resonant circuit with respect to the output current I1 from the AC power supply 11 at the parallel resonant frequency f1. When 14 is provided, the output current I2 from the AC power supply 11 at the parallel resonance frequency f1 is reduced to about 60% of I1. Further, when the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 is provided, the output current I3 from the AC power supply 11 is reduced to about 25% of I1. That is, the reactive current output from the AC power supply 11 is reduced by providing the first parallel resonance circuit 14 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23.

  In the power supply system according to the first embodiment, when the movable body 20 is not disposed above the fixed body 10, the parallel resonance condition is not satisfied, and power is not supplied. Is always in the operation mode, and even when a person walks on the floor board 3, it is possible to prevent a situation in which a current flows through the human body and maintain safety.

(Effect of Embodiment 1)
As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are not exposed to the power supply region 2, the risk of electric shock due to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 touching the human body can be eliminated, and psychologically. This makes it easy to install in places where people are present, such as office spaces.

  In particular, the movable body 20 is provided with the third parallel resonance circuit 22 or the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23, and power is transmitted to the load 24 under the condition that these parallel resonance circuits generate parallel resonance. The impedance of the load section 50 including the power supply 24 can be increased. As a result, the voltage drop in the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 can be reduced, and stable power supply can be achieved regardless of fluctuations in the capacitances of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31.

  Further, since the first parallel resonant circuit 14 or the second parallel resonant circuit 15 is provided in the fixed body 10, the reactive current output from the AC power supply 11 can be reduced. As a result, the AC power supply 11 can be reduced in size.

  In addition, since the first parallel resonance circuit 14 and the second parallel resonance circuit 15 are provided in the fixed body 10, the reactive current output from the AC power supply 11 can be reduced. As a result, the AC power supply 11 can be reduced in size. Further, since power is transmitted between the second coil 14b in the first parallel resonant circuit 14 and the third coil 15b in the second parallel resonant circuit 15 by mutual induction, the output voltage of the AC power supply 11 is changed. The voltage can be boosted to supply power to the load 24.

  Further, since the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 are provided in the movable body 20, the reactive current output from the AC power supply 11 can be reduced. As a result, the AC power supply 11 can be reduced in size. Further, since power is transmitted between the first coil 22b in the third parallel resonant circuit 22 and the fourth coil 23b in the fourth parallel resonant circuit 23 by mutual induction, the input voltage to the power receiving electrode 21 Can be transformed to supply power to the load 24.

[Embodiment 2]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, a plurality of power transmission electrodes are provided in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment. The configuration of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the first embodiment unless otherwise specified, and the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is the same as that used in the first embodiment. The code | symbol and / or name are attached | subjected as needed, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

(Configuration-fixed body)
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part showing the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20 in FIG. 7 in detail. In addition to the configuration of the fixed body 10 in the first embodiment, the fixed body 10 includes a plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13, and includes a communication unit 16 and a control unit 17 (controller).

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are arranged side by side at a predetermined interval in order to increase the laying efficiency of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 per unit area. The power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are alternately arranged so as to have different polarities.

  In the example of FIGS. 7 and 8, one second parallel resonant circuit 15 is connected to the first power transmission electrode 12 via the line L1, and is connected to the second power transmission electrode 13 via the line L2. It is connected. Lines L3 and L4 are connected to these lines L1 and L2, respectively. Via these lines L3 and L4, the common AC power supply 11 passes through the common first parallel resonance circuit 14 and the second parallel resonance circuit 15, respectively. Electric power is supplied to the plurality of first power transmission electrodes 12 and the plurality of second power transmission electrodes 13. 9 and 10, the configuration for supplying power to the communication unit 16 and the control unit 17 is omitted. However, the AC power source 11 and a power source (not shown) that is different from the AC power source 11 may be arbitrarily selected. It is possible to supply power to the communication unit 16 and the control unit 17 through the path.

  In FIG. 8, a communication unit 16 is a communication unit that communicates with a communication unit 26 described later provided on the movable body 20. Although the specific configuration of the communication unit 16 is arbitrary, for example, the communication unit 16 is configured using RF / MAC that performs RF communication using the MAC protocol (the same applies to the communication unit 26 described later). The communication unit 16 obtains the communication signal superimposed on the power transmission path from the movable body 20 and output via the lines L1 and L2 via the coupling capacitor 18. Note that the communication signal output via the lines L1 and L2 is blocked by the communication signal blocking coil 19 connected to the lines L1 and L2. The communication unit 16 is communicably connected to the control unit 17 via a line L5. The communication unit 16 is connected to a hub 60 via a line L6, and the hub 60 is further connected to a server 61.

  The control unit 17 is a control unit that controls the fixed body 10, and is connected to the server 61 via, for example, the hub 60, and performs a control operation according to a control signal from the server 61. However, the self-sustained control can be performed by incorporating the self-sustained control program into the control unit 17, and the hub 60 and the server 61 can be omitted. Further, the communication connection destination of the control unit 17 can be other than the server 61, for example, by performing communication with the control unit 17 of another fixed body 10, a plurality of fixed units arranged in the power supply region 1. The body 10 can be controlled in conjunction with each other. Further, the control unit 17 is connected to the AC power supply 11 via a line L7, and controls power supply to the fixed body 10 by performing ON / OFF and frequency control of the AC power supply 11. The specific configuration of the control unit 17 is arbitrary, and includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a program that is interpreted and executed on the CPU.

(Configuration-movable body)
In addition to the configuration of the movable body 20 in the configuration of the first embodiment, the movable body 20 includes a plurality of power receiving electrodes 21, and includes a determination switching unit 25 and a communication unit 26.

  At least one pair of power receiving electrodes 21 may be provided for one movable body 20, but here, a large number of power receiving electrodes 21 are arranged for one movable body 20, as shown in FIGS. Therefore, the required power receiving area is secured as a whole. In this way, when a large number of power receiving electrodes 21 are arranged on one movable body 20, the shape of the set of power receiving electrodes 21 is arbitrary, and may be, for example, a square shape or a circular shape. The individual planar shape of each power receiving electrode 21 may also be a square shape or a circular shape.

  7 and 8, the width of each power reception electrode 21 is determined to be sufficiently smaller than the interval between the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13. Accordingly, since one power receiving electrode 21 does not straddle both of the plurality of power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 simultaneously, it is possible to simultaneously form a capacitor between one power receiving electrode 21 and the plurality of power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13. Such capacitors prevent the power supply from being adversely affected. According to this configuration, each power receiving electrode 21 can be arranged at an arbitrary position, and the degree of freedom of movement of the movable body 20 can be increased.

  Furthermore, the interval between the plurality of power receiving electrodes 21 is preferably determined such that the capacitor capacity between the plurality of power receiving electrodes 21 does not adversely affect the power supply. Specifically, a current flows from either the first power transmission electrode 12 or the second power transmission electrode 13 to the other one of the first power transmission electrode 12 or the second power transmission electrode 13 via a capacitor. The mutual interval between the power receiving electrodes 21 is determined so as not to occur.

  The determination switching unit 25 determines which of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 is an electrode disposed to face each of the plurality of power receiving electrodes 21, and based on the determination result. And a discrimination switching means for switching the connection of the plurality of power receiving electrodes 21 to the load 24, and corresponds to the connection means in the claims. By switching the connection by the discrimination switching unit 25, the power receiving electrode 21 disposed to face either one of the first power transmitting electrode 12 or the second power transmitting electrode 13 among the plurality of power receiving electrodes 21 is provided. The first power receiving electrode 21a can receive power, and the power receiving electrode 21 arranged opposite to the other can receive power as the second power receiving electrode 21b.

  Although the specific configuration of the determination switching unit 25 is arbitrary, for example, the determination switching unit 25 is connected to one terminal 22c (hereinafter referred to as a first terminal) of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 via a coil 27. A line L9 branched from the line L8, a line L11 branched from the line L10 connected to the other terminal 22d of the third parallel resonant circuit 22 (hereinafter referred to as the second terminal) via the coil 27, and each power receiving electrode 21 and a plurality of changeover switches 25a for selectively connecting the line L12 to either the line L9 or the line L11.

  The specific configuration for operating the changeover switch 25a based on whether the first power transmission electrode 12 or the second power transmission electrode 13 is the electrode disposed opposite to each of the plurality of power reception electrodes 21 is arbitrary. . For example, one of the first power transmission electrode 12 or the second power transmission electrode 13 is formed of a ferromagnetic conductor (for example, iron, cobalt, nickel, etc.), and the other is a non-magnetic conductor (for example, (Aluminum, austenitic stainless steel, etc.) and a permanent magnet is provided on the movable contact of the changeover switch 25a. According to such a configuration, the magnetic force acting on the movable contact differs based on whether the electrode disposed opposite to the power receiving electrode 21 is the first power transmitting electrode 12 or the second power transmitting electrode 13. By this difference, the movable contact is operated, and the line L12 can be selectively connected to either the line L9 or the line L11.

  The communication unit 26 is a communication unit that communicates with the communication unit 16 of the fixed body 10. The communication unit 26 superimposes and outputs the communication signal to the lines L8 and L10 via the coupling capacitor 28. In this power supply system, although a frequency of about 1 MHz is used for power supply, it is assumed that a frequency band near several GHz is used for communication using the communication units 16 and 26. It is considered that the capacitances of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 and the capacitors 18 and 28 are sufficiently large with respect to the communication frequency and do not cause transmission loss.

(Power supply control processing)
Next, the power supply control process in the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. In this control, a standby mode for reducing the power consumption of the fixed body 10 by setting a part of the functions of the fixed body 10 to a standby state, and a normal operation mode for supplying power with all functions of the fixed body 10 in a movable state. The power supply is performed by switching between the two modes.

  For example, the movable body 20 is disposed at an arbitrary position on the floor board 3 at an arbitrary timing. The communication unit 26 always outputs a power supply request signal.

  On the other hand, the fixed body 10 is in a standby mode in the initial state. Specifically, only a small amount of power is supplied to the communication unit 16 so that only the communication unit 16 is in an activated state, and power is not supplied to other portions so as to save power. The communication unit 16 of the fixed body 10 constantly monitors the power supply request signal from the communication unit 26 of the movable body 20, and when the movable body 20 is disposed above the fixed body 10, the communication unit 16. Receives the power supply request signal from the communication unit 26. When the power supply request signal received in this way is transmitted from the communication unit 16 to the control unit 17, the standby mode is switched to the operation mode, the control unit 17 is activated, and the control unit 17 starts power supply control. . According to such power supply control, the power consumption of the stationary body 10 can be reduced as compared with the case where the operation mode is always set.

  In addition to such processing, authentication of the movable body 20 by ID may be performed. For example, the ID of the movable body 20 is transmitted together with the power supply request signal from the communication unit 26 to the communication unit 16, and the communication unit 16 that has received this ID transmits the ID to the control unit 17. The control unit 17 further transmits this ID to the server 61 via the hub 60, performs authentication based on the ID registered in advance in the server 61, and returns the authentication result to the control unit 17. And the control part 17 may determine the propriety of electric power supply based on this authentication result.

(Effect of Embodiment 2)
As described above, according to the second embodiment, a plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are arranged side by side, and the power reception electrode 21 and the load 24 are determined using the determination switching unit 25 based on the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 facing the power reception electrode 21. Therefore, even if the movable body 20 is arranged at an arbitrary position with respect to the fixed body 10, it is possible to supply power.

[Embodiment 3]
Next, Embodiment 3 will be described. In this configuration, in addition to the configuration of the second embodiment, each pair of the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode includes a second capacitor and a second coil. This is a mode in which the condition for generating parallel resonance is made different between each pair with the second coil. The configuration of the third embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the second embodiment except where otherwise specified, and the configuration substantially the same as that of the second embodiment is the same as that used in the second embodiment. The code | symbol and / or name are attached | subjected as needed, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

(Configuration-fixed body)
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20 according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a main part showing the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20 in FIG. 9 in detail. The fixed body 10 includes a first parallel resonance circuit 14 in each set of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 in addition to the configuration of the fixed body 10 in the second embodiment. 9 and 10, the second parallel resonance circuit 15 is omitted, and each set of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 and the first parallel resonance circuit 14 are directly connected. However, a second parallel resonant circuit 15 is provided between each pair of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and each first parallel resonant circuit 14, and the third coil 15 b of these second parallel resonant circuits 15 and the first parallel resonant circuit are provided. You may make it transmit electric power by the mutual induction effect between the 2nd coils 14b of the circuit 14. FIG.

  Thus, the first parallel resonant circuit 14 provided in each set of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 generates parallel resonance at mutually different parallel resonant frequencies, and the capacitance of the second capacitor 14a in each parallel resonant circuit. And the inductance of the second coil 14b is set. 9 and 10, the first parallel resonant circuit 14A is f1, the first parallel resonant circuit 14B is f2, the first parallel resonant circuit 14C is f3, the first parallel resonant circuit 14D is f4, and the first parallel resonant circuit 14E. In each parallel resonance circuit, the capacitance of the second capacitor 14a and the inductance of the second coil 14b are set so that f5 becomes the parallel resonance frequency.

  The control unit 17 controls the frequency of the AC power supply 11 in order to generate parallel resonance in an arbitrary first parallel resonance circuit 14 and supply power to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 including the first parallel resonance circuit 14. For example, an actuator serving as an energy output unit that emits energy such as radio waves, magnetic fields, sound waves, vibrations, and light is provided in the vicinity of the power receiving electrode 21 of the movable body 20, and the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 have energy for detecting this energy. An energy sensor is provided as detection means (the actuator and energy sensor are not shown). An output signal of the energy sensor that detects the energy output from the actuator is transmitted to the server 61 via the control unit 17 and the hub 60. The server 61 identifies a set of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 in which a sensor that detects energy is installed based on a pre-registered database, and is provided in the identified pair of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13. The parallel resonance frequency of one parallel resonance circuit 14 is specified, and the value of the specified frequency is returned to the control unit 17. The control unit 17 outputs AC power from the AC power supply 11 at this frequency. Thereby, parallel resonance is generated only in the first parallel resonance circuit 14 provided in the set of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 with which the power reception electrode 21 approaches, and the power reception electrode 21 is connected via the first parallel resonance circuit 14. Electric power is supplied to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 that are close to each other.

(Configuration-movable body)
In the third embodiment, the fixed frequency movable body 20a in which the parallel resonance frequency of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 is fixed, and the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 in parallel are fixed. Two types of movable bodies 20 including a variable frequency movable body 20b (not shown) having a variable resonance frequency can be used.

(Configuration-Fixed frequency movable body)
The configuration of the fixed frequency movable body 20a is the same as that of the movable body 20 in the second embodiment. In this case, the parallel resonance frequency of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 of the fixed frequency movable body 20a is equal to any one of the first parallel resonance circuits 14 of the fixed body 10 (FIG. 9). 10, the capacitances of the first capacitor 22a and the fourth capacitor 23a and the inductances of the first coil 22b and the fourth coil 23b are set so as to match any one of f1 to f5. Has been.

  When this fixed frequency movable body 20a is used, a first parallel resonance having a parallel resonance frequency that matches the parallel resonance frequencies of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 of the fixed frequency movable body 20a. The power receiving electrode 21 needs to be opposed to the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 provided with the circuit 14. Therefore, it is necessary to instruct the user where to place the fixed frequency movable body 20a.

  This instruction method is arbitrary. For example, the floor plate 3 has a color previously associated with the parallel resonance frequency of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 included in the set of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 disposed immediately below the floor plate 3. And a part of the fixed frequency movable body 20a is painted with a color previously associated with the parallel resonant frequencies of the third parallel resonant circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonant circuit 23 of the fixed frequency movable body 20a. May be. In this case, by installing the frequency fixed movable body 20a on the floor plate 3 coated with the same color as the color applied to the frequency fixed movable body 20a, the frequency fixed type is transmitted from the power transmission electrodes 12, 13. Electric power can be supplied to the movable body 20a.

  Alternatively, a pilot lamp using an LED or the like is provided in the vicinity of each pair of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 on the surface of the floor board 3, and this corresponds to a group of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 that can supply power to the fixed frequency movable body 20a. A position where the fixed frequency movable body 20a should be arranged may be indicated by turning on the pilot lamp. In this case, for example, information specifying the parallel resonance frequencies of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 of the fixed frequency movable body 20a to be used is input to the server 61 via a known input unit. To do. The server 61 specifies a set of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 having the first parallel resonance circuit 14 that generates parallel resonance at the parallel resonance frequency based on the input information and a preset database. Then, the server 61 transmits a pilot lamp lighting signal provided in the vicinity of the identified pair of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 to the control unit 17 via the hub 60 and the communication unit 16 to light the pilot lamp. Let

(Configuration-Variable frequency movable body)
The variable frequency movable body 20b (not shown) uses the first coil 22b and the fourth coil 23b as variable inductors in order to make the parallel resonance frequencies of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 variable. Alternatively, the first capacitor 22a and the fourth capacitor 23a are variable capacitors, and a control unit 29 (not shown) for controlling these variable inductors or variable capacitors is provided.

  When this variable frequency movable body 20b is used, the parallel resonant frequencies of the third parallel resonant circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonant circuit 23 of the variable frequency movable body 20b are set to the variable frequency type installed on the floor plate 3. It is necessary to match the parallel resonance frequency of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 included in the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 facing the power reception electrode 21 of the movable body 20b.

  A method of matching the parallel resonance frequencies of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 in the frequency variable movable body 20b with the parallel resonance frequency of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 included in the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 is arbitrary. is there. For example, as described above, the control unit 17 sends the communication unit 16 from the server 61 to the parallel resonance frequency value of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 provided in the set of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 with which the power reception electrode 21 approaches. Receive via. Further, when the power supply request signal transmitted from the communication unit 26 of the variable frequency movable body 20 b is received via the communication unit 16, the control unit 17 of the fixed body 10 receives the first parallel resonance circuit 14 received from the server 61. The value of the parallel resonance frequency is transmitted to the frequency variable movable body 20b via the communication unit 16. When the control unit 29 of the frequency variable movable body 20b receives the value of the parallel resonance frequency of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 via the communication unit 26, the parallel resonance frequency, the third parallel resonance circuit 22, and the fourth parallel resonance are transmitted. The inductances of the first coil 22b and the fourth coil 23b or the capacitances of the first capacitor 22a and the fourth capacitor 23a are adjusted so that the parallel resonance frequency of the circuit 23 matches.

  Alternatively, the control unit 17 of the fixed body 10 performs power supply control so that constant power is always supplied from the AC power supply 11 to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13. On the other hand, the control unit 29 of the variable frequency movable body 20b constantly varies the inductances of the first coil 22b and the fourth coil 23b or the capacitances of the first capacitor 22a and the fourth capacitor 23a. The parallel resonance frequencies of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23 are constantly changed. Then, the parallel resonance frequency of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 of the fixed body 10 matches the parallel resonance frequency of the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23, and power is transmitted from the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 to the power reception electrode 21. Is supplied to the third parallel resonance circuit 22 and the fourth parallel resonance circuit 23, and the control unit 29 controls the power supply electrodes 12 and 13 to continuously receive power. You may let them.

(Effect of Embodiment 3)
As described above, according to the third embodiment, since the first parallel resonance circuit 14 is provided for each set of the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13, the reactive current output from the AC power source 11 can be reduced. The power supply 11 can be reduced in size.

  Further, since the resonance frequency of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 of each set of the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 is made different, only the arbitrary first parallel resonance circuit 14 is caused to resonate only by changing the output frequency of the AC power supply 11. The power can be supplied only to the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 having the first parallel resonance circuit 14. Thereby, it is not necessary to provide the fixed body 10 with a circuit such as a switch for switching between the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 for supplying power, and the reliability can be improved.

[III] Modifications to Each Embodiment While each embodiment according to the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration and means of the present invention are the same as the technical idea of each invention described in the claims. Modifications and improvements can be arbitrarily made within the range. Hereinafter, such a modification will be described.

(About problems to be solved and effects of the invention)
First, the problems to be solved by the invention and the effects of the invention are not limited to the above contents, and may vary depending on the implementation environment of the invention and the details of the configuration, and only a part of the problems described above. May be solved, or only some of the effects described above may be achieved. Furthermore, according to the present invention, problems not described above may be solved or effects not described above may be achieved.

(About switching of the first parallel resonant circuit that generates parallel resonance)
In the above-described third embodiment, the first parallel resonance frequency of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 provided in each set of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 is made different, and the frequency control of the AC power supply 11 is performed, whereby any first parallel Although it has been described that parallel resonance is generated in the resonance circuit 14, the first parallel resonance circuit 14 that generates parallel resonance may be switched by another method. For example, a switch is provided between the first parallel resonant circuit 14 provided in each set of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the AC power supply 11, and the first parallel resonant circuit 14 and the AC power supply 11 that should generate parallel resonance are connected. By turning on only the switch between them, parallel resonance can be generated only in the first parallel resonance circuit 14.

(About AC power supply)
In the above-described third embodiment, the case where the fixed body 10 includes one common AC power supply 11 has been described as an example. However, the stationary body 10 may be configured to include a plurality of AC power supplies 11. For example, the AC power supply 11 that can output AC power at the parallel resonance frequency of the first parallel resonance circuit 14 that is different for each set of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 may be connected to the set of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13. . In this case, parallel resonance can be simultaneously generated in the plurality of first parallel resonance circuits 14 by simultaneously outputting AC power having different frequencies from the plurality of AC power supplies 11. Thereby, for example, even when the passive electrode of the movable body 20 is arranged to face the set of the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13, power is supplied from the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 to the power reception electrode 21. I can do it.

  The present invention supplies power to various spaces, and is particularly useful for ensuring the safety of the user and performing stable power supply regardless of changes in the arrangement state of the electrodes.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The various embodiments described above are implementations of a power supply system for supplying power to a predetermined load from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area via a movable body arranged in a power supply area. It was a form.
In this embodiment, the resonance circuit including the coupling capacitor composed of the fixed body and the front movable body is a parallel resonance circuit.
However, the resonance circuit may be a series resonance circuit as shown in FIG.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the configuration and characteristics of a series resonant circuit.
FIG. 12A shows the configuration of a series resonant circuit. FIG. 12B shows the characteristics of the series resonant circuit.
In FIG. 12B, the horizontal axis indicates the inter-electrode distance d (Distance) of the coupling capacitor C in FIG. 12A, and the vertical axis indicates the output voltage Vout across the resistor R in FIG. Is shown.
As shown in FIG. 12, the output voltage Vout increases in a pinpoint manner at a predetermined distance d.
Therefore, although there is an advantage that a very efficient power supply is possible by setting the predetermined distance d, there is a drawback that the efficiency is extremely deteriorated if it is slightly deviated from the predetermined distance d.

Here, as shown in FIG. 13, only coupling capacitors are considered for coupling.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration and characteristics obtained by coupling only a coupling capacitor.
13A shows the configuration of the actual circuit, FIG. 13B shows the configuration of the equivalent circuit, and FIG. 13C shows the characteristics of the circuit of FIG. 13B. The vertical axis and the horizontal axis are the same as in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 13C, it can be seen that the output voltage Vout decreases in proportion to the increase in the distance d.

Based on FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the inventor further invented the hybrid circuit shown in FIG. 14 in order to compensate for the above-described drawbacks of the series resonant circuit.
FIG. 14 shows the configuration and characteristics of a hybrid series resonant circuit to which the present invention is applied.
As shown in FIG. 14, the hybrid series resonance circuit is a resonance circuit including a series connection of a coupling capacitor 202 and a parallel connection unit 201 including a parallel connection of a coil 211 and a resistor 212.
As shown in FIG. 14B, the rate at which the output voltage Vout decreases even when the distance d increases is smaller than that in FIG. That is, even if the distance d extends to some extent, it is possible to supply power with a certain efficiency. Further, since the degree of decrease is also gradual, the distance d does not become a pinpoint as shown in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of characteristics of the hybrid series resonant circuit of FIG.
The horizontal axis indicates the inter-electrode distance d (Distance) of the coupling capacitor 202 in FIG. 14A by Log, and the vertical axis indicates the output voltage Vout between both ends of the resistor 212 in FIG.
For comparison, the solid line indicates the characteristics of the circuit including only the coupling capacitor 202 (see FIG. 13), and the dotted line indicates the characteristics of the hybrid series resonance circuit of FIG.
Although the characteristics slightly change by changing L of the coil 211, it can be seen that any of them has an effect.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a spice simulation circuit of a parallel resonant circuit for comparison.
FIG. 17 shows simulation results (calculated values of characteristics) of the spice simulation circuit of the comparative parallel resonant circuit of FIG.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an example different from FIG. 14 of the hybrid series resonance circuit, that is, a modified example.
As shown in FIG. 18A, the parallel connection unit 201 of the hybrid series resonance circuit may include a parallel connection of a variable capacitor 213 in addition to the coil 211 and the resistor 212.
As shown in FIG. 18 (b), as the coil 211 in the parallel connection part 201 of the hybrid series resonant circuit, the two coils 211a and 211b may exhibit a transformation function.
Note that the number of the coils 211 is not limited to two but may be three or more as long as the transformation function is exhibited.

  19 and 20 show a configuration example of a power supply system including a parallel resonant circuit for reference.

In summary, the power supply system can have the following configuration.
(1) A power supply system for supplying power to a predetermined load from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area via a movable body arranged in a power supply area,
A coupling capacitor composed of the fixed body and the movable body;
A parallel connection including a parallel connection of a coil and a resistor;
A power supply system comprising a resonant circuit including a series connection of

(2) The power supply system according to (1), wherein the parallel connection portion of the resonance circuit further includes a parallel connection of a variable capacitor in addition to the coil and the resistor.

(3) There are two or more coils in the parallel connection part of the resonance circuit, and two or more coils exhibit a transforming function.
The power supply system according to (1) or (2).

Further, the movable body of the power supply system can take the following configuration.
(4) A movable body that is disposed in the power supply area and that supplies power supplied from a fixed body disposed in the power supply area to a predetermined load,
A coupling capacitor composed of the fixed body and the movable body;
A parallel connection including a parallel connection of a coil and a resistor;
A movable body including a resonance circuit including a series connection of.

(5) The movable body according to (4), wherein the parallel connection portion of the resonance circuit further includes a parallel connection of a variable capacitor in addition to the coil and the resistor.

(6) There are two or more coils in the parallel connection portion of the resonance circuit, and two or more coils exhibit a transformer function.
The movable body according to (4) or (5).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,100 Electric power supply area | region 2,102 Electric power supply area | region 3,111 Floor board 10,101 Fixed body 11,115 AC power supply 12,105 1st power transmission electrode 13,106 2nd power transmission electrode 14 1st parallel resonance circuit 14a Second capacitor 14b Second coil 15 Second parallel resonant circuit 15a Third capacitor 15b Third coil 16, 26, 112, 113 Communication unit 17, 29 Control unit 18, 28 Capacitor 19, 27, 110 Coil 20 , 103 Movable body 20a Frequency fixed movable body 20b Frequency variable movable body 21 Power receiving electrode 21a, 107 First power receiving electrode 21b, 108 Second power receiving electrode 22 Third parallel resonant circuit 22a First capacitor 22b First Coil 22c, 22d Terminal 23 Fourth parallel resonant circuit 23a Fourth capacitor 23b Fourth Coil 24, 104 Load 25 Discrimination switching unit 25a Changeover switch 30 First coupling capacitor 31 Second coupling capacitor 40 Power supply unit 50 Load unit 60 Hub 61 Server 109 Coupling capacitor 114 Connection unit 201 Parallel connection unit 202 Coupling capacitor 211, 211a , 211b Coil 212 Resistor 213 Variable capacitor

Claims (6)

A power supply system for supplying power to a predetermined load from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area via a movable body arranged in a power supply area,
A coupling capacitor composed of the fixed body and the movable body;
A parallel connection including a parallel connection of a coil and a resistor;
A power supply system comprising a resonant circuit including a series connection of The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the parallel connection portion of the resonance circuit further includes a parallel connection of a variable capacitor in addition to the coil and the resistor. There are two or more coils in the parallel connection portion of the resonant circuit, and two or more coils exhibit a transforming function.
The power supply system according to claim 1 or 2. A movable body that is disposed in the power supply area and that supplies power supplied from a fixed body disposed in the power supply area to a predetermined load,
A coupling capacitor composed of the fixed body and the movable body;
A parallel connection including a parallel connection of a coil and a resistor;
A movable body including a resonance circuit including a series connection of. The movable body according to claim 4, wherein the parallel connection portion of the resonance circuit further includes a parallel connection of a variable capacitor in addition to the coil and the resistor. There are two or more coils in the parallel connection portion of the resonant circuit, and two or more coils exhibit a transforming function.
The movable body according to claim 4 or 5.

Images