JP2016088170A - Railway vehicle structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a railway vehicle structure for eliminating seal maintenance, by performing watertight processing to joint parts with a window frame, an inlet frame, and an outside plate, or joint parts of respective structures, without using a resin seal material.SOLUTION: A railway vehicle structure is configured so that, a side structure 1 on which, window blocks 12, 13 having window openings 20, 30, and a side inlet block 14 having an inlet opening 40, are jointed, and a roof structure, an end structure 3, and an underframe are jointed. Watertight processing to window frames 21, 31 of window openings 20, 30, a joint part (corner part P) of an inlet frame 41 of the inlet opening 40 and an outside plate 11, and joint parts (corner parts P1, P2) of respective structures 1, 3, is performed by laser brazing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle structure including a watertight structure that has been subjected to a watertight treatment without using a resin sealing material.

  As a railway vehicle structure, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, there is a structure in which side structures are combined by joining parts such as structure blocks. And in recent commuter vehicles, stainless steel is mainly used. In this type of railway vehicle structure, a roof structure is joined to the upper part of the side structure, a wife structure is joined to the front and rear, and a base frame is joined to the bottom structure. In the side structure 100 shown in FIG. 7, side entrance blocks 104 are joined between the vehicle end window block 102 and the intermediate window block 103, and between the intermediate window block 103 and the intermediate window block 103, respectively. In order to prevent water from entering the joints between the window frame or the entrance frame and the outer plate, or the gaps between the joints of the structures, each joint is subjected to a watertight treatment with a resin sealant. Yes.

JP 2010-12863 A

  However, the resin seal material provided at each joint portion of the conventional railway vehicle structure needs to be replaced due to deterioration over time, or deteriorates the resin seal material when compatibility with the detergent used for car washing is poor. It was necessary to replace the deteriorated resin sealing material. As described above, in a railway vehicle structure having a watertight structure subjected to a watertight treatment with a conventional resin sealant, maintenance related to the resin sealant is troublesome.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and without using a resin sealing material, a joint between a window frame or an entrance frame and an outer plate, or a joint between each structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle structure that can perform watertight treatment on each of them to eliminate seal maintenance.

  One form of the present invention made to solve the above problems is a side structure in which a window block having a window opening and a side entrance block having an entrance opening are joined, a roof structure, a wife structure, and a frame. In the railway vehicle structure to which each of the structures is joined, watertight treatment is performed by laser brazing on the window frame of the window opening, the joint of the entrance frame and the outer plate of the entrance opening, and the joint of each structure. It is characterized by.

As described above, since the watertight treatment is performed by laser brazing for the window frame of the window opening, the joint between the entrance frame and the outer plate of the entrance opening, and the joint of each structure, there is a gap between the joints. Sealed with metal. For this reason, the watertight treatment portion is not deteriorated unlike the conventional resin seal material. Therefore, periodic seal maintenance is not necessary, and semipermanent watertightness can be ensured.
In addition, since laser brazing does not melt the base material (each frame and each structure (outer plate)), the appearance (appearance) of the vehicle is improved with almost no influence of thermal distortion.

  In the above-described railway vehicle structure, each frame and each structure is preferably formed of a stainless steel plate, and the laser brazing is preferably performed using nickel brazing.

  By doing in this way, even in an unpainted vehicle, the color of the watertight treatment part, each frame and each structure at each joint is almost the same, so the appearance of the watertight treatment part is improved, and the conventional resin The appearance (appearance) of the vehicle can be improved as compared with the case where the seal material is used.

  Here, since it is difficult to process the nickel brazing into a wire shape, it is sufficient to use a brazing material obtained by adding a powder metal to a binder and processing it into a paste shape.

  By doing so, it is possible to supply the brazing material stably without depending on the shape of the water-tight processing part and the groove size, so it is difficult when using a wire-like brazing material Even if the wire does not follow well or the groove dimension is smaller than the diameter of the wire, laser brazing can be performed stably and reliably. Therefore, for example, watertight treatment by laser brazing can be stably and reliably performed on a portion having a small radius of curvature such as a corner of a window frame or an entrance frame.

  In addition, when using a wire brazing material, it is necessary to keep the positional relationship between the laser irradiation position and the wire tip constant, which complicates the configuration of the entire apparatus for performing the watertight treatment and increases the size. It becomes expensive. On the other hand, by using a brazing filler metal, it is possible to give flexibility to the brazing filler metal supply to the watertight processing section, and to determine the laser irradiation position and the brazing filler metal supply position independently. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the configuration of the entire apparatus that performs the watertight treatment and to reduce the cost.

  And in the above-mentioned railway vehicle structure, the watertight treatment is performed by applying the paste-like brazing material to the corners of the joints and irradiating a laser beam on a range covering the applied brazing material, It is desirable to carry out by melting the paste-like brazing material and brazing the corners.

  By doing so, the apparatus for applying the brazing material and the apparatus for irradiating the laser can be installed independently, so that the entire apparatus for performing the watertight treatment can be reduced in size and weight. Moreover, since the moving speed of each apparatus can be set independently, the selection range of construction conditions can be enlarged. As a result, each device can be automated by attaching it to the tip of a general-purpose multi-axis robot, so the watertight treatment for the window frame of the window opening, the inlet frame of the inlet opening, and each joint of each structure is efficient. Can be done automatically.

  According to the railway vehicle structure according to the present invention, each joint portion is formed by laser brazing without using a resin sealing material for each of the joint portion of the window frame, the entrance frame and the outer plate, or the joint portion of each structure. By performing a watertight treatment on the seal, seal maintenance can be eliminated.

It is a side view of the railway vehicle structure according to the embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view of an entrance frame. It is a flowchart which shows the construction procedure of a watertight process. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the laser brazing apparatus which performs a watertight process. It is a figure for demonstrating the laser brazing using a brazing material wire. It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part which joined the side structure and the wife structure. It is a figure which shows the side structure of a railway vehicle.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a railway vehicle structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the railway vehicle structure of the present embodiment is basically the same as the conventional example, in which a roof structure is joined to the upper part of the side structure 1 and a frame is joined to the lower part of the side structure 1. The wife structure is joined to the front and back. And the side structure 1 is constructed by integrally connecting side entrance blocks 14 arranged between the vehicle end window block 12 and the intermediate window block 13 and between the intermediate window block 13 and the intermediate window block 13. Has been. Each structure is configured by joining a bone member to a stainless steel outer plate 11. FIG. 1 is a side view of the railway vehicle structure.

  Then, the window frames 21 and 31 of the respective window openings 20 and 30 in the vehicle end window block 12 and the intermediate window block 13 are joined to the outer plate 11, and the inlet frame 41 and the outer plate of the inlet opening 40 in the side inlet block 14. The watertight treatment for each of the 11 joints and the joints between the structures is performed by laser brazing.

Therefore, first, as an example of the watertight structure in each frame, the watertight structure of the inlet frame in the side inlet block will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the inlet frame.
As shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate window block 13 is configured by joining a bone member 35 (see FIG. 2) for maintaining rigidity to the inside of the vehicle body of the outer plate 11 including the window opening 30. Similarly, the vehicle end window block 12 is configured by joining a bone member or the like for maintaining rigidity to the inside of the vehicle body of the outer plate 11 including the window opening 20.

  The side entrance block 14 is configured with the entrance frame 41 as the main. The entrance frame 41 forms the entrance opening 40, and includes a vertical frame portion 41 a located on the left and right of the entrance opening 40 (vehicle longitudinal direction), and a curtain plate portion located above and below the entrance opening 40. 41b and a waist plate part 41c.

The side entrance block 14 configured in this manner is joined to the intermediate window block 13 or the vehicle end window block 12 from the outside to form the side structure 1 of the railway vehicle structure. That is, the side inlet block 14 is joined to the intermediate window block 13 or the vehicle end window block 12 in a state of being applied from the outside of the vehicle body.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface of the inlet frame 41 of the side inlet block 14 is applied to the side inlet block 14 against the outer surface of the outer plate 11 of the intermediate window block 13 or the vehicle end window block 12. . Thus, the entrance frame 41 of the side entrance block 14 applied from the outside of the vehicle body and the outer plate 11 of the intermediate window block 13 or the vehicle end window block 12 are welded and joined.

  Then, along the corner P of the joint between the entrance frame 41 and the outer plate 11 (the portion where the outer surface of the vehicle body of the entrance frame 41 and the end of the outer plate 11 of the intermediate window block 13 are stepped), watertightness by laser brazing. A watertight structure is formed by processing. Therefore, the watertight processing by laser brazing will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the construction procedure of the watertight treatment. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a laser brazing apparatus that performs water-tight processing.

  In the watertight process by laser brazing, as shown in FIG. 3, first, the corner P is preprocessed (step S1). Specifically, degreasing and applying flux as necessary to the periphery of the corner P.

  Next, a paste-like nickel brazing material is applied to the corner P (step S2). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the nickel brazing material 60 is applied to the corners P by a dispenser 51 that contains a certain amount of paste-like nickel brazing material (brazing material paste) 60. The dispenser 51 is attached to a multi-axis robot that can move independently of a laser irradiation unit 52 described later. Thereby, the dispenser 51 and the laser irradiation unit 52 can be controlled to be movable independently.

  Here, since it is difficult to process the nickel brazing into a wire shape, a paste that contains powder metal in a binder and is processed into a paste shape (brazing material paste) is used. Accordingly, the brazing filler metal 60 can be supplied stably without depending on the shape of the water-tight processing portion and the groove size, and thus stable when a wire-like brazing filler metal (brazing filler metal wire) is used. Even when it is difficult to construct (for example, when the brazing wire does not follow well, or when the groove dimension is smaller than the diameter of the brazing wire), the watertight treatment by laser brazing can be reliably performed. .

  For example, when a brazing material wire is used, the brazing material wire W in a certain range (length) is brought into contact with the work by pressing the wire tip along the work (corner), thereby restraining the brazing material wire W. By doing so, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C, the brazing filler metal wire W is stably supplied to the portion irradiated with the laser light L without being affected by the twisting or shaking of the brazing filler metal wire W. It is like that. However, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), at the corners (small curvature radii at the four corners) such as the entrance frame, the straight portions (FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (C)) that can stably supply the brazing filler metal wire W are provided. In comparison, the contact length between the brazing filler metal wire W and the workpiece (corner) becomes shorter (A> B, C> B). For this reason, the restraining force of the brazing filler metal wire W is smaller at the corner than the straight portion, and the brazing filler metal wire W is stably supplied to the irradiated portion of the laser light L by being affected by twisting or shaking of the brazing filler metal wire W It becomes difficult to braze in a stable manner.

  In contrast, in this embodiment, since the brazing material paste is used, the brazing material 60 can be stably supplied even to a portion having a small curvature radius such as a corner portion such as the entrance frame 41. Can do. Therefore, watertight treatment by laser brazing can be reliably and stably performed even on a portion having a small radius of curvature such as a corner portion such as the entrance frame 41.

  In addition, when using a brazing wire, it is necessary to keep the positional relationship between the irradiation position of the laser beam and the wire tip constant, so that the configuration of the entire apparatus becomes complicated and becomes large and expensive. End up. On the other hand, as in the present embodiment, by using the brazing material paste, the supply of the brazing material to the corners (watertight processing unit) can be made flexible, and the laser beam irradiation position will be used. Since the supply position of the material can be determined independently, the configuration of the entire apparatus can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

  When the paste-like nickel brazing material 60 is applied to the corner portion P, the laser light L is irradiated from the laser irradiation unit 52 to the applied brazing material 60 (step S3). At this time, the shield gas is supplied to the portion irradiated with the laser light L from the shield gas nozzle 53. The laser irradiation unit 52 is attached to a multi-axis robot that can move independently of the dispenser 51. The laser irradiation unit 52 irradiates the laser beam L from the outside of the vehicle body toward the corner portion P, and continuously moves along the corner portion P while heating and melting the brazing material 60 applied to the corner portion P. To do. By doing so, the end portion of the overlapping portion of the outer plate 11 and the inlet frame 41, that is, the corner portion P is brazed by the nickel brazing material 60, the gap is sealed, and the watertight treatment is performed.

  Thus, since the watertight process with respect to the entrance frame 41 of the entrance opening 40 is performed by laser brazing, the gaps at the corners P are sealed with metal (nickel). For this reason, the deterioration that has occurred in the conventional resin sealing material does not occur in the watertight portion. Therefore, periodic seal maintenance is not necessary, and semipermanent watertightness can be ensured.

  Further, since laser brazing does not melt the base material (the outer plate 11 and the entrance frame 41), the appearance (appearance) of the vehicle is improved with almost no influence of thermal distortion. And since the laser brazing is performed using the nickel brazing material 60, the colors of the stainless steel outer plate 11 and the inlet frame 41 and the watertight treatment portion are almost the same, so the appearance of the watertight treatment portion is improved. The appearance (appearance) of the vehicle can be further improved as compared with the case where a conventional resin seal material is used.

  Furthermore, since the moving speeds of the dispenser 51 and the laser irradiation unit 52 can be set independently, the selection range of the laser brazing construction conditions can be increased. It is attached to the tip of the axis robot to automate the watertight process. Therefore, the watertight treatment can be performed very efficiently.

  Next, as an example of the watertight structure at the joint of each structure, a watertight structure for the joint between the side structure and the wife structure will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows a joint in which the side structure and the wife structure are joined, and shows a cross section in the vertical direction of the vehicle body.

  The end structure 3 and the side structure 1 are arranged so that the outer plates 11 are substantially orthogonal to each other, and the end corner column is formed with an R between the outer plates 11, 11 at the bent portion. 36 is provided. The corner column 36 is applied to the end of each outer plate 11, 11 from the inside of the vehicle body, and is joined at an overlapping portion with each end of the outer plate 11, 11. The end corner column 36 is a member located at the corner of the vehicle body, and a flange portion 36a bent perpendicularly is formed on the side structure 1 side, and the rigidity is enhanced to facilitate handling. In addition, a Z-shaped joint member 37 is connected to the corner of the vehicle body on the side of the end structure 3 at the other end of the end corner pillar 36, and a Z-shaped joint member 38 is also connected to the outer plate 11 of the side structure 1. Yes.

  The corners P1 and P2 (portions formed between the outer surface of the body corners 36 and the end portions of the outer plates 11) are subjected to the watertight treatment by the laser brazing described above. Therefore, each clearance gap in corner part P1, P2 is each sealed with the metal (nickel). Therefore, even in the watertight structure at the corners P1 and P2, periodic seal maintenance is not necessary, and semipermanent watertightness can be ensured.

  As described above in detail, according to the railway vehicle structure according to the present embodiment, the joint portion (corner portion P) between the entrance frame 41 and the outer plate 11 of the entrance opening 40, the end structure 3, and the side structure 1. Watertight treatment for each of the joint portions (corner portions P1 and P2) is performed by laser brazing. Therefore, the gaps between the joints (corners P, P1, P2) are sealed with metal. Therefore, periodic seal maintenance is not necessary, and semipermanent watertightness can be ensured.

  It should be noted that the above-described embodiment is merely an example and does not limit the present invention in any way, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the watertight structure for the entrance frame 41 is illustrated, but the window frames 31 and 21 attached around the window openings 30 and 20 that open to the intermediate window block 13 and the vehicle end window block 12. The sealing process by the laser brazing described above can also be performed on the watertight structure. That is, the watertight process by laser brazing using the paste-like nickel brazing material 60 can be performed on the stepped portion formed at the place where the outer plate 11 and the window frames 31 and 21 are bonded together.

  Moreover, in the above-described embodiment, the watertight structure in the joint portion between the wife structure 3 and the side structure 1 is exemplified, but the other structures such as the joint between the side structure 1 and the roof structure or the outer plates of the side structure 1 are used. The watertight treatment by the above laser brazing can also be performed on the watertight structure at the joint. That is, the watertight process by laser brazing using the paste-like nickel brazing material 60 can be performed on the stepped portion formed at the location where the outer plates are bonded together.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Side structure 3 Wife structure 11 Outer plate 20 Window opening part 21 Window frame 30 Window opening part 31 Window frame 36 Margin corner pillar 40 Entrance opening part 41 Entrance frame 51 Dispenser 52 Laser irradiation unit 53 Shield gas nozzle 60 Nickel brazing material (brazing material) paste)
P, P1, P2 Corner L Laser light

Claims (4)

In a railway vehicle structure in which a window structure having a window opening and a side structure having a side opening block having an entrance opening are joined, and a roof structure, a wife structure, and a base frame are joined,
A railway vehicle structure in which watertight processing is performed by laser brazing for the window frame of the window opening, the joint of the entrance frame and the outer plate of the entrance opening, and the joint of each structure. In the railway vehicle structure according to claim 1,
Each frame and each structure is formed of a stainless steel plate,
The above-mentioned laser brazing is performed using nickel brazing. In the railway vehicle structure according to claim 2,
The said brazing | waxing material contains a powder metal in the binder and processed into the paste form, The railway vehicle structure characterized by the above-mentioned. In the railway vehicle structure according to claim 3,
In the watertight treatment, the paste-like brazing material is applied to the corners of the joints, and a laser beam is applied to the area covering the applied brazing material to melt the paste-like brazing material. A railcar structure characterized by being brazed to the corner.

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