JP2016082730A - Hybrid solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hybrid solar battery module capable of producing hot water simultaneously with power generation by adding a simple member to a solar battery module and taking measures to cope with water leakage.SOLUTION: In a hybrid solar battery module 10, a space 101 surrounded by a solar battery module 100, a bottom plate 50 and a frame material 30 is sealed by a gasket 40 and the hybrid solar battery module includes a function for making water flow into the space and creating hot water 102 with solar heat. Preferably, the solar battery module 100 may be covered by high-density polyethylene excepting for a surface of a transparent substrate 11 at the side of a light-receiving surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid solar cell module using solar heat and light.

  Conventionally, a solar cell module has a structure in which a solar cell is sandwiched between two sealing materials (see Patent Document 1). FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional solar cell module. In this solar cell module 7, a translucent substrate 1, a light receiving surface side sealing material (light receiving surface side filler) 2, a solar cell (solar cell element) 3, and a back surface side sealing material (back surface side filling). Material) 4 and a back side substrate (back side sheet) 5 are laminated in this order.

  The light receiving surface side sealing material 2 and the back surface side sealing material 4 are generally made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer). And the member of such a laminated | stacked solar cell is mutually joined by thermocompression bonding, and is comprised as the solar cell module 7. FIG.

  Solar cell modules receive sunlight and generate electricity. At the same time, if solar heat can be used, more efficient conversion of solar energy can be realized. There are also needs.

  Here, manufacture of warm water can be considered as what utilizes solar heat. However, when hot water is also produced at the same time using a conventional solar cell module, it cannot be guaranteed that water will enter the interior and that there will be no power generation deterioration for a long time. In handling hot water, it is essential to take measures for sealing the solar cell module against water and for water leakage in the hot water chamber.

JP 2005-129565 A

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention adds a simple member to a solar cell module with significantly less water intrusion and takes measures against water leakage in the hot water chamber, so that hot water can be produced simultaneously with power generation. An object is to provide a solar cell module.

  The hybrid solar cell module of the present invention seals the space surrounded by the solar cell module, the bottom plate, and the frame material with much less water ingress with a gasket, and flows hot water into the space to supply hot water by solar heat. It has the function to manufacture.

  Here, the solar cell module may be covered with high-density polyethylene except for the surface of the transparent substrate on the light receiving surface side. Moreover, it is good for a gasket to have a hose gasket connected to each hybrid type solar cell module. Furthermore, the bottom plate is preferably made of chemically strengthened glass.

  If the hybrid solar cell module of the present invention is used, it is possible to produce hot water simultaneously with power generation by adding a simple member and taking measures against water leakage to the solar cell module with extremely low water intrusion. . In addition, since the hybrid solar cell module of the present invention uses a solar cell module with little water intrusion in each stage, power generation does not deteriorate for a long time even in an environment in contact with water.

It is sectional drawing of a hybrid type solar cell module. It is explanatory drawing of the electric power generation and warm water manufacture hybrid system using a hybrid type solar cell module. It is sectional drawing which shows typically one Embodiment of a solar cell module. It is (a) top view and (b) sectional drawing of the string comprised by connecting a photovoltaic cell. It is a top view which shows typically one structural example of the (a) light-receiving surface and (b) back surface of a photovoltaic cell. It is sectional drawing of the solar cell module using a 2nd sealing sheet. It is sectional drawing of the solar cell module which uses the existing sealing sheet and the 2nd sealing sheet. It is a graph which compares the power generation performance by the bus test of this module and a commercial module. It is sectional drawing explaining the sealing structure of a solar cell module. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the conventional solar cell module.

  When a conventional solar cell module product is viewed from the back, there is a space of about 50 liters. If hot water is produced with solar heat using this space, it will be possible to achieve high-efficiency conversion of solar energy using both solar heat and sunlight at the same time, combined with power generation efficiency by heat removal. In addition, when the back surface of the solar cell module product functions as a hot water manufacturing room, it is essential that the hybrid solar cell module according to the present invention does not deteriorate in power generation for at least 20 years as a solar cell module. Leakage and maintenance must also be considered. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hybrid solar cell module. The hybrid solar cell module 10 has the same external appearance as a conventional solar cell module product, but adds a function of producing hot water to the back side of the solar cell module 100 so that power generation and hot water production can be performed simultaneously. It is.

  As a configuration, a space 101 surrounded by the solar cell module 100, the bottom plate 50, and the frame material 30 is provided, water is poured into the space 101 (hot water chamber), and the water is converted into hot water 102 by solar heat. It is. The inner surface of the space 101 is sealed with a gasket 40 to prevent water leakage. The gasket 40 is a dedicated polyolefin rubber gasket member in which a high gas barrier resin film and a highly durable olefin rubber material are combined.

  Although the transparent substrate 11 is provided on the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module 100, the portion other than the surface of the transparent substrate 11 may be covered with a high-density polyethylene film (see “21” in FIG. 9). High density polyethylene has a high water vapor barrier property and is black and has good light resistance.

  A plurality of installed hybrid solar cell modules 10 are configured such that hot water 102 can circulate with each other. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the hose gasket 41 (see FIG. 2) so that water does not leak when the hot water 102 moves.

  The frame material 30 is an aluminum frame as in the prior art. A bottom plate 50 is provided in the middle of the thickness portion of the frame material 30 to form a space 101 for producing the hot water 102. As the material of the bottom plate 50, it is preferable to use chemically strengthened glass in consideration of the deflection by the hot water 102 and the like. And the production of the hot water 102 can be further assisted by the heat removal of the power generation element part which has become high temperature by solar heat. In winter, in order to suppress the heat radiation of the hot water 102, a foamed polystyrene plate may be attached to the back side of the solar cell module 100 as a heat insulating material.

  Since the bottom plate 50 and the gasket 40 can be added to the solar cell module with much less water intrusion, the hybrid solar cell module can be designed to be manufactured using an existing production line. As a result, it is possible to design an efficient module by applying the existing methods and techniques in the existing solar cell installation business, such as the current transportation method, storage method, mounting method, gantry design, and wiring member.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a hybrid system for power generation / hot water production using a hybrid solar cell module. The optimum introduction destination of the present system assumed here is a facility that circulates and uses a large amount of hot water at about 40 ° C., for example, a golf course bath or a day hot spring facility.

  In this installation example, the hybrid solar cell modules 10 are connected to each other with a water leak countermeasure taken by the hose gasket 41. In addition, the hybrid solar cell module 10 and the tank are connected by a pipe so that hot water can be circulated. Then, the temperature of the hot water chamber is detected by a sensor, and the temperature detection result is input to the set temperature / flow rate control device. When the hot water reaches a predetermined temperature, a valve (not shown) is opened and the pump is operated to store the hot water in the hot water storage tank. Furthermore, when using hot water, the temperature of the hot water storage tank can be maintained at, for example, about 40 ° C. by using a separate boiler. Of course, since it is also used as a solar battery, surplus power sales and the like are performed at the same time.

  The solar cell module must suppress surface electrode corrosion and PID onset. Hereinafter, the configuration of the solar cell module used in the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of a solar cell module. FIG. 4 is a (a) plan view and (b) cross-sectional view of a string formed by connecting solar cells. FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of the crystalline silicon-based solar cell module 100. The transparent substrate 11, the existing sealing sheet 18, the first sealing sheet 16, the solar cells 15, and the back surface material are shown. 36 are laminated in this order and obtained by thermocompression bonding (laminating).

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the solar cell module 100, a plurality of crystalline silicon-based solar cell elements (solar cells) 15 are electrically connected by an interconnector 19. And it has a pair of front surface side transparent protection member (henceforth "transparent base | substrate") 11 and back surface side protection member (henceforth "back surface material") 36 which clamps this, These protection members and a plurality of A first sealing sheet 16 and an existing sealing sheet 18 are stacked and filled between the solar cell elements 15. In addition, the 1st sealing sheet 16 integrates the cyclic olefin copolymer sheet 16A and the transparent olefin rubber material layer 16B, and the existing sealing sheet 18 consists of EVA etc.

  The back surface side protection member 36 is formed by arranging and integrating a transparent olefin rubber material layer 16B, which is also used in the first sealing sheet 16, on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material 16C. The back surface material 36 can be manufactured by the same method as that for the first sealing sheet 16.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing one configuration example of (a) the light receiving surface and (b) the back surface of the solar battery cell 15. The electrode of the light receiving surface 15 </ b> A of the solar battery cell 15 is in contact with the transparent olefin rubber material layer 16 </ b> B of the first sealing sheet 16 and sealed. The electrode on the back surface 15B of the solar battery cell 15 is in contact with the transparent olefin rubber material layer 16B of the back material 36 and sealed. The electrode is a current collecting member formed on each of the light receiving surface 15A and the back surface 15B of the solar battery cell 15 and includes a collecting wire (finger), a bus bar with a tab, a back electrode layer, and the like which will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the light receiving surface 15 </ b> A of the solar battery cell 15 collects electric charges from the current collectors (finger) 151 formed in a number of lines and the current collector 151, and interconnector 19 And a bus bar with tabs (bus bar) 152 connected to each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, a conductive layer (back electrode) 153 is formed on the entire back surface 15B of the solar battery cell 15, and charges are collected from the conductive layer 153 on the conductive layer 153. A tabbed bus (bus bar) 154 connected to the connector 19 is formed.

  The line width of the collector 151 is, for example, about 0.1 mm, the line width of the tabbed bus 152 is, for example, about 2-3 mm, and the line width of the tabbed bus 154 is, for example, about 5-7 mm. is there. The thicknesses of the current collector 151, the tabbed bus 152, and the tabbed bus 154 are, for example, about 20 to 50 μm. A plurality of solar cells 15 are connected by an interconnector 19 to form a string W shown in FIG. A plurality of rows of the strings W are connected by an electrode material and supplied as solar cells 15 of the solar cell module 100.

  The current collector 151, the tabbed bus 152, and the tabbed bus 154 preferably include a metal having high conductivity. Examples of such highly conductive metals include gold, silver, copper, and the like. From the viewpoint of high conductivity and high corrosion resistance, silver, silver compounds, alloys containing silver, and the like are preferable. The conductive layer 153 is not only a highly conductive metal, but also reflects light received at the light receiving surface 15A to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell element 15, for example, a highly light reflective component such as aluminum. It is preferable to contain. The current collector 151, the tab-attached bus 152, the tab-attached bus 154, and the conductive layer 153 are made of a conductive material paint containing the above highly conductive metal on the light receiving surface 15 </ b> A or the back surface 15 </ b> B of the solar battery cell 15, for example, a screen. It is formed by applying to a coating thickness of 50 μm by printing, then drying, and baking at, for example, 600 to 700 ° C. as necessary. When these conventional electrodes (such as EVA) 18 are used, these electrodes react with water that has entered the solar cell module during long-term use and EVA react to generate acetic acid, which corrodes the electrodes. By using the first sealing sheet 16, such corrosion of the electrode can be prevented. Further, the cyclic olefin copolymer sheet 16A of the first sealing sheet 16 is such that when a cover glass is used as the transparent substrate 11, metal ions such as sodium ions in the cover glass are deposited on the solar cells 15. It can prevent and eliminate the onset of PID.

  Since the surface side transparent protective member (transparent substrate) 11 is arranged on the light receiving surface side, it needs to be transparent. Examples of the transparent substrate 11 include a transparent glass plate and a transparent resin film. On the other hand, the back surface side protection member (back surface material) 36 does not need to be transparent, and the material is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, as described above, the back surface material 36 is obtained by arranging and integrating the transparent olefin rubber material layer 16B of the first sealing sheet 16 on, for example, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material 16C. is there. Further, as the back material 36, a glass substrate may be used from the viewpoint of durability and transparency. And if the back surface material 36 is transparent, since it will become easy to permeate | transmit sunlight, the manufacturing efficiency of the warm water 102 will become high.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module 200 using the second sealing sheet. The second sealing sheet 26 is a sealing sheet in which both surfaces of the cyclic olefin copolymer sheet 16A are sandwiched and integrated by the transparent olefin rubber material layer 16B.

  The solar cell module 200 is obtained by laminating the transparent substrate 11, the second sealing sheet 26, the solar cell 15, and the back surface material 36 in this order, and thermocompression bonding (laminating). The electrode on the light receiving surface 15 </ b> A of the solar battery cell 15 is in contact with the transparent olefin rubber material layer 16 </ b> B of the second sealing sheet 26 and sealed.

  By using the 1st sealing sheet 16 as mentioned above, since there is no generation | occurrence | production of the acetic acid from a sealing sheet, corrosion of the electrode of the photovoltaic cell 15 can be prevented. Further, in the cyclic olefin copolymer sheet 16 </ b> A portion of the second sealing sheet 26, when a cover glass is used as the transparent substrate 11, metal ions such as sodium ions in the cover glass are deposited on the solar battery cell 15. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of PID. In addition to this, the cyclic olefin copolymer sheet 16A has a structure sandwiched from both sides by the transparent olefin rubber material layer 16B, and does not reach the electrode even if a slight amount of water enters, and the electrode is completely corroded. Disappear.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module 300 using an existing sealing sheet and a second sealing sheet. This solar cell module 300 has a configuration in which an existing sealing sheet (such as EVA) 18 is provided between the second sealing sheet 26 and the transparent substrate 11 of the solar cell module 200 shown in FIG. The solar cell module 300 can improve the adhesive strength between the second sealing sheet 26 and the transparent substrate 11 and can further prevent water and the like from entering the module.

  FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the power generation performance of the present module and the commercially available module by the bus test. In the bath test, the power generation retention rate is expressed by immersing in hot water at 85 ° C. for 10 weeks. The commercially available module is a single crystal 180 WPV panel using an EVA sealing material, and this module is the solar cell module 100 shown in FIG. From the graph, in the commercial module, the power generation performance is reduced by about 10% after 10 weeks of treatment. On the other hand, in this module, there was no decrease in the power generation retention rate. This result shows that the 1st sealing sheet 16 can improve the lifetime of the solar cell module 100 markedly.

  In addition, the 1st sealing sheet 16 and the 2nd sealing sheet 26 which are the structural members of the solar cell module used for this invention are Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-32616 (application date: February, 2014). 24th) and Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-34405 (application date: February 25, 2014).

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the sealing structure of the solar cell module. This is a solar cell module 100, 200, 300 described so far, in which the entire module is wrapped with a polyolefin rubber edge seal material 20 and a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film 21. By adding a high water vapor barrier layer of HDPE resin, the waterproofness of the module becomes higher, and power generation deterioration can be prevented even after long-term use.

  In the present invention, as described above, the solar cell module 100, 200, 300 is used, and a hybrid solar cell module is provided in which a hot water chamber is provided in which water is poured into a frame that houses the solar cell module to produce hot water. Thereby, it becomes possible to realize high-efficiency conversion of solar energy relatively easily. In addition, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module can be maintained for a long time without lowering, hot water can be produced, and the solar energy utilization efficiency can be significantly improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hybrid type solar cell module 11 Transparent base | substrate 15 Solar cell element (solar cell)
15A Light receiving surface electrode 15B Back surface electrode 16 First sealing sheet 16A Cyclic olefin copolymer sheet 16B Transparent olefin rubber material layer 16C Polyethylene terephthalate material 19 Interconnector 20 Polyolefin rubber edge seal material 21 High density polyethylene film 26 Second Sealing sheet 30 Frame material 36 Back material 40 Gasket 41 Hose gasket 50 Bottom plate 100, 200, 300 Solar cell module 101 Space (warm water chamber)
102 Hot water

Claims (4)

  A hybrid solar cell module having a function of sealing a space surrounded by a solar cell module, a bottom plate, and a frame material with a gasket, and flowing hot water into the space to produce hot water by solar heat.   The hybrid solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell module is covered with high-density polyethylene except for the surface of the transparent substrate on the light receiving surface side.   The hybrid solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the gasket has a hose gasket connected to each of the hybrid solar cell modules.   The hybrid solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bottom plate is chemically tempered glass.

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