JP2016060550A - Life diagnosis method for main rope for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a life diagnosis method which accurately diagnoses a life of an elevator main rope without stopping an elevator for a long time for a life diagnosis.SOLUTION: A limit secular elongation amount (Σδ) of a main rope 10 is estimated from a length of the main rope 10, a half or more of the estimated limit secular elongation amount (Σδ) is set as an initial elongation amount (Σδ×α) of the main rope 10, the number of times of bends of the main rope 10 until reaching the set initial elongation amount (Σδ×α) of the main rope 10 is calculated, the standard number of times of bends until reaching the initial elongation amount (Σδ×α) of a standard elevator main rope is compared with a bend number calculation value, and a life of the main rope 10 is predicted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a life diagnosis method for an elevator main rope (main rope).

  Although not shown in the figure, the elevator is connected with a main rope and a ride weight and a counterweight arranged so as to be able to move up and down in the hoistway, and an intermediate portion of the main rope is wound around a drive sheave connected on the drive shaft of the hoisting machine. It is hung. And the rotation of the driving sheave accompanying the driving of the hoisting machine results in a system in which the car moves up and down by frictional force with the main rope.

  In a conventional elevator, the elevator is stopped, and a maintenance staff visually checks for a deterioration state such as a broken strand of the main rope, thereby diagnosing whether or not the main rope is at the end of its life.

  In this diagnosis method, the maintenance staff needs to visually inspect the entire length of the main rope, and the labor of the maintenance staff is extremely large. In addition, while the maintenance staff visually inspects the entire length of the main rope, it is necessary to stop the elevator for a long time, which causes a problem of inconvenience for a long time to the elevator customers.

  Therefore, in recent years, for example, Patent Document 1 has been proposed as a life diagnosis device for an elevator main rope for solving the above-described problem.

  This life diagnosis device is obtained from a bending number calculation unit for calculating a measured number of times of bending of the main rope based on the traveling time data of the elevator for a predetermined period taken from the elevator control computer and the elevator control computer. A stop time calculation unit that calculates a cumulative stop time measurement value of the main rope based on the travel time data of the elevator for a predetermined period, and the life bending of the main rope that is set by confirming the measured number of bending times and an experiment in advance. The measured number of times of bending is compared with the measured value of the accumulated stop time and the life determination stop time of the main rope set in advance by confirming with an experiment or the like. The main rope is at the end of its life when the accumulated stop time measurement value reaches the life determination stop time. A life determination unit that determines that the main rope is to have a life when the life determination unit determines that the main rope needs to be inspected. ing.

Japanese Patent No. 3978052 (paragraphs 0009 to 0010, FIG. 1)

  However, the life of an elevator main rope is not only the number of times it is bent or the time when the main rope does not operate, that is, not only the cumulative stop time of the elevator within a predetermined time, but also, for example, the operation frequency of the elevator is high or low. It is also influenced by environmental conditions such as conditions or changes in elevator load mass.

  As a result of various studies by the present inventors, it has been found that it is the elongation amount of the main rope that is particularly affected by the aforementioned operating conditions and environmental conditions. Furthermore, the amount of extension of the main rope was different for each elevator, and it was also found that the difference in the amount of extension of the main rope greatly affects the life of the main rope together with the number of flexing.

  In the above proposal, the extension amount of the main rope is not used for measurement and life prediction, so the main rope life may come before the main rope flexion measurement value does not reach the life flexion number judgment value. There was a problem that the main rope life diagnosis could not be performed accurately.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a life diagnosis method for accurately performing life diagnosis of an elevator main rope without stopping the elevator for a long time for life diagnosis.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention detects the number of times the main rope is bent when the car and the counterweight are connected by the main rope, and the car is lifted and lowered by the friction force between the driving sheave of the hoist and the main rope. In the method of diagnosing the life of the main rope, the limit aging elongation (Σδ) of the main rope is estimated from the length of the main rope, and ½ or more of the estimated limit aging growth (Σδ) is estimated. Set as the initial extension of the rope (Σδ × α), calculate the number of times the main rope bends until the initial extension of the main rope (Σδ × α) is reached, The life of the main rope is predicted by comparing the standard number of bendings until the initial elongation amount (Σδ × α) is reached with the calculated number of bendings.

  The present invention is configured as described above, and the life diagnosis of the main rope for the elevator can be performed accurately without stopping the elevator for a long time for life diagnosis.

It is a schematic structure figure of an elevator concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a characteristic conceptual diagram which shows the relationship between the extension amount of a main rope, and a lifetime. It is a characteristic conceptual diagram which shows the relationship between the extension amount of a main rope when a driving | running | working condition of an elevator is changed into three kinds, and a lifetime.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  In the case of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the car 9 and the counterweight 11 are connected by a main rope (main rope) 10, and these are suspended in the hoistway 6 so as to be able to move up and down.

  A machine room 1 is provided in the upper part of the hoistway 6, and the hoisting machine 2, the sheave 4 for arranging the car 9 and the counterweight 11 at appropriate positions, and the raising / lowering of the car 9 are controlled in the machine room 1. In addition, various elevator devices such as a control panel 5 provided with a calculation unit (not shown) for calculating the number of bending (bending) of the main rope 10 are installed.

  A drive sheave 3 is rotatably fixed on the drive shaft of the winder 2, and a middle portion of the main rope 10 is wound around the drive sheave 3. The drive sheave when the drive sheave 3 is rotated by the winder 2. The car 9 and the counterweight 11 are moved up and down by the frictional force of the main rope 3 and the main rope 10.

  A cam 12 serving as a switch operating end is attached to the lower end of the counterweight 11. Reference numeral 7 in the figure is the top floor landing, and 8 is the bottom floor landing. As shown in FIG. 1, when the car 9 stops at the top floor landing 7, the counterweight 11 stops near the bottom floor landing 8.

  In this state, in order to detect the initial extension amount of the main rope 10 at a position just below the position corresponding to the initial extension amount (Σδ × α) 17 of the main rope 10 from the position where the cam 12 is stopped. The first switch 13 is installed. Further, the first switch 13 is moved away from the position of the first switch 13 by a distance corresponding to the extension amount (ε) 22 of the main rope 10 until reaching the limit aging extension amount after passing the initial extension amount of the main rope 10. A second switch 14 for detecting the amount of aging of the main rope 10 is installed at the position.

  The switches 13 and 14 are constituted by mechanical switches, optical switches, magnetic switches, or the like, and the switches 13 and 14 are fixed to appropriate members such as guide rails (not shown).

  At the bottom of the hoistway 6, a shock absorber 15 is provided for mitigating the impact on the pit when the car 9 and the counterweight 11 are in an abnormal state such as breakage of the main rope 10.

  In the elevator configured as described above, for example, a passenger enters the car 9 from the lowest floor landing 8 and presses a destination button on the destination floor, so that it is built in the control panel 5 installed in the machine room 1. The hoisting machine 2 controlled by a control computer (not shown) is driven, and the car 9 is raised by the frictional force between the main rope 10 wound around the driving sheave 3 rotated by the hoisting machine 2.

  At this time, in the configuration of the elevator shown in FIG. 1, because of 1: 1 roping, the maximum bent portions of the main rope 10 are two places, the peripheral surface of the drive sheave 3 and the peripheral surface of the sheave 4. For this reason, the number of times of bending in one run (ascending operation or descending operation) is two. Further, the number of times of bending per cumulative travel is 2 locations of the drive sheave 3 and the sheave 4 × the number of passes. For example, in the cumulative travel of 100 times, it is 100 times × 200 locations of 2 locations. The number of bendings is calculated and recorded by a calculation unit built in the control panel 5.

  Further, the cam 12 fixed to the lower end of the counterweight 11 is when the car 9 stops at the top floor platform 7 due to the initial extension of the main rope 10 due to a load during traveling or a change in the loading mass due to passengers getting on and off. The stop position of the cam 12 gradually moves downward. When the initial elongation amount (Σδ × α) 17 is reached, the first switch 13 is turned on by the cam 12 to detect that the main rope 10 has reached the initial elongation amount ((Σδ × α) 17). Then, the number of times the main rope 10 is bent is calculated by a calculation unit (not shown) in the control panel 5 based on the traveling time data of the elevator fetched from the control computer.

  Further, when time elapses and the elevator repeats traveling, the main rope 10 shifts to the limit aging and the second switch 14 installed at (ε) 22 minutes below the first switch 13 with the cam 12. When it is turned on, it is detected that the main rope 10 has reached a preset limit aging elongation (Σδ20), and the number of times the main rope 10 is bent at that time is the travel of the elevator fetched from the control computer. Based on the time data, the calculation unit in the control panel 5 calculates.

  The limit aging growth amount Σδ 20 of the main rope 10 can be estimated from the length of the main rope 10. Generally, it is known that 0.5% to 0.65% of the length of the main rope 10 becomes the limit aging elongation Σδ20 depending on the type and tension of the main rope 10, thereby limiting the limit aging elongation. Σδ20 can be estimated.

  FIG. 2 is a characteristic conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the extension amount of the main rope 10 and the life, where the horizontal axis represents the life of the main rope 10, that is, the number of operations / bendings, and the vertical axis represents the extension of the main rope 10. .

  In the figure, 16 is a life curve showing the relationship between the extension amount of the main rope 10 and the life, 17 is the initial elongation amount Σδ × α, 18 is the number of operation / bending times Σt when the initial elongation amount (Σδ × α) 17 is reached. , 19 is the remaining life Σt × n, and 20 is the limit aging increase Σδ.

  A point 23 on the life curve 16 is an arrival point of the main rope 10 at the initial elongation ((Σδ × α) 17), a point 24 is an arrival point of the main rope 10 at the limit aging elongation ((Σδ17)), and a point 25 is the prediction. This is the end of life.

  (ε) 22 is an extension amount of the main rope 10 from the main rope 10 after reaching the initial extension amount arrival point 23 to the limit aging extension arrival point 24, and the first switch 13 shown in FIG. This corresponds to the distance between the second switches 14.

  In addition, as shown in the life curve 16 of FIG. 2, the elevator main rope 10 normally stretches rapidly after the start of use, passes through the initial elongation reaching point 23, and then reaches the limit aging elongation. After reaching the limit aging growth amount Σδ (reaching point 24), the predicted life (predicted life reaching point 25) is reached after a predetermined number of operations and bendings.

  Similar to FIG. 2, FIG. 3 is a characteristic concept showing the relationship between the main rope elongation and the life, with the horizontal axis representing the life of the main rope 10, that is, the number of operation / bending times, and the vertical axis representing the elongation of the main rope 10. This figure is a conceptual diagram of characteristics when the operating conditions of the elevator are changed in three ways.

  In the figure, 16a is a life curve (solid line) of a standard main rope 10, and ΣN is a predicted life. 16b is the life curve (dotted line) of the main rope 10 that has reached the initial elongation (Σδ × α) 17 with a smaller number of operation / bending times than the standard (16a), and 16c is more operation / bending than the standard (16a). This is a life curve (one-dot chain line) of the main rope 10 that has reached the initial elongation (Σδ × α) 17 by the number of times.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the main rope life curve 16b has a more extreme extension of the main rope than the standard main rope life curve 16a, while the main rope life curve 16c exceeds the standard main rope life curve 16a. The main rope growth is moderate.

  18a is the standard operation / bending number N when the initial elongation (Σδ × α) 17 is reached from the start of use of the main rope 10, and 18b is the initial elongation (Σδ × α) when the number of operations / bendings is less than the standard. ) The number of driving / bending times N1 and 18c when reaching 17 is the number of driving / bending times N2 when the initial elongation (Σδ × α) 17 is reached with the number of driving / bending times greater than the standard. As described above, the number of times of driving / bending differs depending on the operating condition of the elevator, and N1 <N <N2.

  21a, 21b, and 21c are the number of operations / bending times in the main rope life curves 16a, 16b, and 16c, that is, the predicted life, respectively.

  Here, in the case of standard driving / bending times, when the main rope 10 reaches the initial elongation (Σδ × α) 17, the cam 12 fixed to the lower end of the counterweight 11 shown in FIG. Switch 13 is turned on. The operation / bending number of the main rope 10 at this time is calculated by a calculation unit incorporated in the control panel 5 to be a standard operation / bending number 18a, and the operation / bending number, that is, the predicted life is L = ΣN of 21a. Is predicted. The initial elongation (Σδ × α) 17 is set to 1/2 or more of the limit aging elongation (Σδ) 20.

  Similarly, in an elevator with a high frequency of operation and a large change in the load capacity of the elevator and severe operating conditions and environmental conditions, the number of times of operation / bending N1 (18b) is less than the standard, and the number of operations / bending times, that is, the predicted life is 21b L = ΣN × (N1 / N) × β is predicted. β is a constant when N1 <N.

  Furthermore, in an elevator with a low operation frequency and a small change in the load capacity of the elevator, and the operating conditions and environmental conditions are not severe, the number of operation / bending times N2 (18c) is larger than the standard, and the number of operations / bending times, that is, the predicted life is 21c is predicted by L = ΣN × (N2 / N) × γ. γ is a constant when N <N2.

  In the present embodiment, the number of driving / bending times that reaches the limit aging elongation (Σδ) 20 from the initial elongation (Σδ × α) 17 of the main rope 10 is predicted, but the prediction result is obtained by installing the second switch 14. The life prediction accuracy can be further improved by feeding back the verification result to the life prediction.

  In such lift operation of the elevator, the life of the main rope 10 is affected by items other than the number of flexing times and stop time, such as operation conditions and environmental conditions for each elevator individual. For example, there are operating conditions such as a high or low operating frequency, and environmental conditions such as a change in elevator loading mass. It is the extension amount of the main rope 10 that is most affected by these operating conditions and environmental conditions, and the extension amount of the main rope 10 differs for each elevator individual, and the difference in the extension amount of the main rope 10 is the number of flexing times. Together with this, it greatly affects the service life.

  For this reason, in the present invention, the life prediction is performed using the initial extension amount of the main rope together with the number of bends, in contrast to the method of simply predicting the life by the number of bends, thereby taking into consideration the operating conditions and environmental conditions specific to each elevator individual. In addition, it is possible to predict the life with high accuracy.

  In addition, the maintenance and maintenance costs can be reduced because the replacement of the main rope and the maintenance inspection can be carried out in a timely manner by the accurate life prediction.

  In the present invention, a cycle setting unit (not shown) that can set the cycle for performing the life diagnosis of the main rope 10 and can be input from the outside is provided. It can be set on a monthly basis, and its cycle can be changed.

  When it is diagnosed that the main rope 10 is at the end of its life, the management room or the elevator maintenance company where the elevator is installed will inform the inspection command issuing section (not shown) that the main rope 10 must be checked. It is a system that notifies a remote monitoring center.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the machine room 1 is described as an elevator. However, the present invention can also be applied to an elevator in which no machine room is installed.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the calculation of the number of times the main rope 10 is bent is performed by the control panel 5. However, a life diagnosis device for the main rope 10 is provided in a remote monitoring center in an elevator maintenance company, It is also possible to perform life diagnosis of the cable 10 at the remote monitoring center.

2: Hoisting machine 3: Drive sheave 5: Control panel 6: Hoistway 9: Car cage 10: Main rope 11: Counterweight 12: Cam 13: First switch 14: Second switch 16a: Standard main Line life curve 16b: Lifeline curve of main rope that has reached initial elongation with less operation / flexion than standard 16c: Lifeline curve of main rope that has reached initial elongation with more operation / flexion than standard 17: Initial elongation Σδ × α
18: Driving and bending times Σt
18a: Standard driving / bending times N
18b: Driving / bending times N1 less than standard
18c: More driving / bending times than standard N2
19: Remaining life Σt × n
20: Limit aging growth Σδ
21a: Number of driving / bending times in the standard main rope life curve 16a 21b: Number of driving / bending times in the main rope life curve 16b having reached the initial elongation with less number of driving / bending times than the standard 21c: More than the standard Number of times of operation / bending in the life curve 16c of the main rope that has reached the initial elongation in the number of times of operation / bending 22: ε

Claims (3)

In a method of diagnosing the life of the main rope by detecting the number of flexions of the main rope when the car and the counterweight are connected by the main rope, and the car sheave is raised and lowered by the friction force of the drive sheave and the main rope,
From the length of the main rope, the limit aging elongation (Σδ) of the main rope is estimated, and ½ or more of the estimated limit aging elongation (Σδ) is equal to or more than the initial extension amount of the main rope (Σδ × α). And calculate the number of flexion of the main rope until reaching the initial elongation (Σδ × α) of the set main rope,
Comparing the standard number of flexures until reaching the initial elongation (Σδ × α) of the standard main rope for elevators and the calculated value of the number of flexures, the life of the main rope is predicted. Rope life diagnosis method. In the life diagnosis method of the main rope for elevators according to claim 1,
The initial extension amount (Σδ × α) of the main rope is detected when the switch operation end provided on the counterweight reaches an initial extension amount detection switch installed on the counterweight lift line. The life diagnosis method of the main rope for elevators characterized by having the structure. In the life diagnosis method of the main rope for elevators of Claim 1 or 2,
The limit aging elongation amount (Σδ) of the main rope is detected when a switch operation end provided on the counterweight reaches a limit aging extension detection switch installed on the counterweight lifting line. The life diagnosis method of the main rope for elevators characterized by the above-mentioned.