JP2015168014A - cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to achieve both a further improvement in sharpness by cutting a cutter and an improvement in the durability of the cutter.
In a cutter for rotary cutting having a plurality of blades (cutting blades) on an outer peripheral surface of a base metal, at least one of the plurality of blades has an outer peripheral surface of the base metal as a center of a rotation axis. The lead angle at which the outer peripheral cutting edge 49 of the blade 40 is inclined in the rotational direction with respect to a line in which the central axis of the rotation axis is projected onto the outer peripheral surface of the base metal 20 when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the axis is 55 ° or more. The blade angle θ2 that is less than 90 ° and is closed by the scooping surface 42 and the outer peripheral flank 44 (flank) when the cutting edge portion 40A of the blade 40 is viewed from a cross section is set to 40 ° or more and less than 55 °.
[Selection] Figure 12

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutter. Specifically, when manufacturing furniture members using particle board, medium density fiberboard (MDF), muk wood, etc., for processing with tenoner, molder, or processing before applying edge paste with edge bander, etc. It relates to the cutter used.

  Conventionally, there has been known a rotary cutting cutter that has a plurality of cutting blades on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical base, and the base rotates around a center line of a rotating shaft to cut a workpiece. (For example, Patent Document 1) Patent Document 1 describes a cutter in which the lead angle of a cutting blade is set to 55 ° or more and 90 ° or less and the wedge angle is 55 ° or more. Patent Document 1 discloses that the sharpness of the cutter is improved.

Special table 2013-517952 gazette

  However, in the above cutter, it is desired to achieve both improvement of sharpness by cutting the cutter and improvement of the durability of the cutter.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized by a cutter having a configuration as described in each claim. One feature is that in the cutter for rotary cutting having a plurality of cutting blades on the outer peripheral surface of the base metal, at least one of the plurality of cutting blades is perpendicular to the central axis of the rotation axis of the outer peripheral surface of the base metal. When viewed from the direction of rotation, the lead angle at which the outer peripheral cutting edge of the cutting blade is inclined in the rotational direction with respect to the line projected on the outer peripheral surface of the base metal with the central axis of the rotating shaft is 55 ° or more and 90 ° The blade angle (cutting edge angle) that is closed by the rake face and the flank face when the cutting edge portion of the cutting blade is viewed from the cross section is set to 40 ° or more and less than 55 °.

  According to the above-described configuration, at least one of the plurality of cutting blades has a blade angle set to be 40 ° or more and less than 55 °, so that the rake angle at the cutting edge portion of the cutting blade is increased, which is more than conventional. The sharpness can be improved. By the way, setting the blade angle to 40 ° or more and less than 55 ° means that the angle at which the cutting edge portion of the cutting blade is closed by the rake face and the flank face is reduced when viewed from the cross section. As the thickness of the blade becomes thinner, the strength of the blade edge portion may be lowered, so that there is a concern of chipping of the blade. Here, the cutting blade has the blade angle set as described above, and a lead angle of 55 ° or more and less than 90 ° is set, so that the sharpness of the cutting blade is improved and the load on the cutting edge is reduced during cutting. By reducing it, it is possible to suppress blade chipping. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both the further improvement of the sharpness by cutting the cutter and the improvement of the durability of the cutter.

It is a top view of the cutter in this embodiment. It is a side view of the cutter in this embodiment. It is a partial cross section figure of the cutter of the III-III line of FIG. It is a front view of the replaceable blade of the cutter in this embodiment. It is a top view of the replaceable blade of the cutter in this embodiment. It is a front view of the attachment seat of the replaceable blade of the cutter in this embodiment. It is a top view of the attachment seat of the replaceable blade of the cutter in this embodiment. It is a side view of the attachment seat of the replaceable blade of the cutter in this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which showed the structure which attaches the replaceable blade of the cutter in this embodiment to a base metal. It is sectional drawing which showed the structure which fixes the replaceable blade of the cutter in this embodiment to a base metal. It is a schematic diagram which shows the lead angle set to the replaceable blade of the cutter in this embodiment. It is a partial cross section figure of the replaceable blade of the cutter of the XII-XII line | wire of FIG.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cutter 10 is a cutter for rotary cutting that is mounted on a rotary shaft and that cuts a work material by rotating around the rotary axis of the rotary shaft. The cutter 10 is cylindrical as shown in FIGS. The cutter 10 includes a base 20, a replacement blade 70 having a blade 40 (cutting blade) fixed to the mounting seat 30, a first male screw 50, and a second male screw 60.

  The base metal 20 is formed as a cylindrical base metal. A circular fitting hole 22 is formed at the center of the base metal 20. At least one surface in the axial direction of the base metal 20 is formed with a stepped step surface 29 having a constant interval in the circumferential direction and repeating the concave portion 29A or the convex portion 29B in the axial direction. Thereby, the stepped surfaces 29 of the plurality of base metals 20 are made to face each other, and the effective cutting area can be expanded by mounting in an axial direction with respect to the rotation axis. Furthermore, a spacer S can be provided between the plurality of base metals 20. Here, the thickness 10T of the cutter 10 is 58 mm, for example, as shown in FIG. 3 in which the pair of base metal 20 and four spacers S are overlapped between the pair of base metal 20 in this embodiment. It is. The diameter 20D of the base metal 20 of the cutter 10 is, for example, 117 mm in this embodiment. The diameter 22D of the fitting hole 22 of the cutter 10 is formed with the shaft diameter of the rotating shaft, and is 30 mm in the present embodiment, for example. The effective blade length 40T between the blade tips 40A of the blade 40 attached to the cutter 10 is the thickness 10T of the cutter 10, the diameter of the cutter 10 (blade diameter 10D), the number of blades, the lead angle θ4 (see FIG. 11), the blade It changes with the blade length of 40 (cutting blade), and in a plurality of cases, it changes by providing the spacer S. The effective blade length 40T can apply various lengths. In the present embodiment, the stepped surfaces 29 of the pair of cutters 10 are opposed to each other so as to overlap with the rotation axis in the axial direction, and the effective blade length 40T is selected to be 23 mm.

  The base 20 has a plurality of blade mounting portions 24 on the outer periphery of the base 20 as shown in FIGS. The blade mounting portions 24 are arranged at equal central angular intervals, and a plurality of rows in the axial direction are arranged with a phase difference in the circumferential direction. For example, in the cutter 10 in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, three blade mounting portions 24 are arranged at intervals of 120 °, and three rows are arranged with a phase difference in the axial direction. Nine blade mounting portions 24 are provided as a whole, and are combined with cutters having different lead angles θ4 (see FIG. 11). As shown in FIG. 9, the blade mounting portion 24 is formed with a concave mounting groove 26 directed inward from the outer peripheral surface, and is provided with a fixing groove 28 adjacent to the mounting groove 26 in the circumferential direction. The mounting groove 26 has a polyhedral inner peripheral surface 26a in which openings having a polygonal cross section are continuously formed inward, and a bottom portion 26b. The fixing groove 28 is cut from the outer peripheral surface of the base metal 20 in a direction intersecting the inner peripheral surface 26 a of the mounting groove 26. A hole is formed from the bottom surface 28 a of the fixing groove 28 toward the inner peripheral surface 26 a of the mounting groove 26. The hole portion is configured as a first female screw hole 28b in which a female screw is cut on the inner peripheral surface.

  The mounting seat 30 is a member that removably fixes the blade 40 to the base metal 20 as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 10, the mounting seat 30 includes a columnar portion 32 having a polygonal cross section corresponding to the mounting groove 26 and a fixing surface 34 to which the blade 40 is fixed. The columnar part 32 is formed with a hole penetrating in the axial direction. This hole portion is configured as a second female screw hole 36 in which a female screw is cut on the inner peripheral surface. On the side surface of the columnar portion 32, a plurality of concave portions 38 with which the tip of the first male screw 50 abuts are provided. The contact surface 38 a in the recess 38 is provided so as to be inclined inward with respect to the side surface of the columnar portion 32. The fixing surface 34 is formed so as to protrude from the upper surface of the columnar portion 32 so as to support the blade 40 at a predetermined angle so that the cutting edge portion 40A of the blade 40 can be attached to the upper surface of the columnar portion 32.

  The blade 40 (cutting blade) is a blade for cutting a work material as shown in FIGS. The blade 40 is composed of a hard tip made of a hard material such as a rectangular cemented carbide or cermet, and a high hardness tip made of a high hardness sintered body such as polycrystalline diamond. The cutting edge portion 40 </ b> A of the blade 40 includes a rake face 42, an outer peripheral flank 44 (flank), and an outer peripheral cutting edge 49. The rake face 42 is positioned in front of the rotation direction N. The outer peripheral flank 44 (flank) is located on the outer peripheral side of the blade 40. The outer peripheral cutting edge 49 is a portion where the rake face 42 and the outer peripheral flank 44 intersect. The blade 40 is fixed by a brazing material or the like on the fixing surface 34 of the mounting seat 30. Here, as shown in FIG. 12, θ1 is an angle closed by the horizontal line and the outer peripheral flank 44, and this is defined as a clearance angle θ1. Further, θ3 is an angle closed by the vertical line and the rake face 42, and this is defined as a rake angle θ3.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the first male screw 50 is a member that fixes the replaceable blade 70 to the blade mounting portion 24. The first male screw 50 in this embodiment is exemplified by a hexagon socket set screw in which a thread groove of the male screw is cut on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member and a hexagonal hole is formed at one end.

  The second male screw 60 is a member that adjusts the blade diameter 10D (see FIG. 2) of the blade 40 by adjusting the position of the mounting height of the mounting seat 30 as shown in FIG. As the second male screw 60 in this embodiment, a hexagon socket set screw is selected. Since the blade diameter 10D of the blade 40 can be adjusted by the second male screw 60, the blade diameter can be readjusted to the current blade diameter 10D before and after replacement of the blade 40, re-polishing of the blade 40, and the like. That is, in the cutter 10, by making the blade diameter 10D adjustable, readjustment on the cutting machine side becomes unnecessary, and workability can be improved.

  The blade 40 is fixed by a brazing material or the like on the fixing surface 34 of the mounting seat 30 as shown in FIGS. The replacement blade 70 having the blade 40 fixed to the mounting seat 30 is inserted into the mounting groove 26 of the base 20 and fixed by screwing the first male screw 50 into the first female screw hole 28b of the fixing groove 28. Furthermore, the position of the mounting height of the replaceable blade 70 is adjusted by screwing the second male screw 60 into the second female screw hole 36. Thus, the outer peripheral cutting edge 49 of the blade 40 protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the base metal 20, and a plurality thereof are adjacent in the rotational direction N. Here, the blade diameter 10D, which is the diameter of the outer peripheral cutting edge 49 of the blade 40, can be applied to various lengths, for example, 125 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the angle at which the cutting edge portion 40A of the blade 40 (cutting blade) is closed by the rake face 42 and the outer peripheral flank face 44 (flank face) when viewed from the cross section is defined as the blade angle (cutting edge angle) θ2. . The blade angle θ2 in the present embodiment is 40 ° or more and less than 55 °, for example, 53 °. Here, if the blade angle θ2 is less than 40 °, the blade edge portion 40A becomes too thin, and the strength is significantly reduced. On the other hand, when the blade angle θ2 is set to 55 ° or more, the rake angle θ3 in the cutting edge portion 40A of the blade 40 cannot be increased, so that the sharpness in cutting may not be improved.

  As shown in FIG. 11, when the outer peripheral surface of the base metal 20 (see FIG. 2) is viewed from the direction orthogonal to the rotational axis, The angle at which the 40 outer cutting edges 49 are inclined in the rotation direction is referred to as a lead angle θ4. The lead angle θ4 is not less than 55 ° and less than 90 °, for example, 70 °. If the lead angle θ4 is less than 55 ° under the setting of the cutter angle θ2, the lead angle θ4 may be chipped due to an excessive load on the cutting edge portion 40A during cutting. On the other hand, if the lead angle θ4 under the setting of the blade angle θ2 is not less than 55 ° and less than 90 °, various applications are possible, but the effective blade length 40T (see FIG. 2) tends to decrease as the lead angle θ4 increases. Therefore, many blades 40 are required to obtain a desired effective blade length 40T. Therefore, the lead angle θ4 is preferably 55 ° or greater and 70 ° or less.

  It was investigated whether there was a change in the amount of chipping due to the difference between the lead angle θ4 and the blade angle θ2. As the spare blade cutter for investigation, a cutter having both a spare blade as a comparative example and a spare blade as an example was used.

[Replaceable blade cutter for investigation]
The blade diameter 10D was 125 mm, the cutter thickness 10T was 46 mm, the effective blade length 40T was 26.7 mm, and the fitting hole diameter 22D was 30 mm. Three blade mounting portions 24 are arranged at intervals of 120 °, and five rows are arranged in the axial direction with a phase difference. A replaceable blade (comparative example) having a lead angle θ4 of 45 ° and a cutter angle θ2 of 70 ° is attached to the center of the five rows, and a replaceable blade 70 having a lead angle θ4 of 70 ° and a cutter angle θ2 of 53 ° is attached to both sides thereof. Attach (Example). The material of the blade 40 is polycrystalline diamond.

[Work material]
Double-sided low-mela perch (particle board with low-pressure melamine) was selected.

[Cutting conditions]
Rotational speed: 9,000 rpm Feed rate: 20 m / min. Cutting depth: 0.5 mm was selected and the amount of chipping on the flank face after cutting 100,000 m was measured. The amount of chipping was measured by measuring the parallel distance from the highest part to the lowest part of the cutting edge.

[result]
The amount of chipping of the replaceable blade (comparative example) with a lead angle of 45 ° and a knife angle of 70 ° was 508 μm, 459 μm, and 92 μm, and averaged 353 μm. On the other hand, the amount of chipping of the replacement blade 70 (Example) having a lead angle of 70 ° and a cutter angle of 53 ° was 88 μm, 120 μm, 498 μm, 101 μm, 434 μm, and 150 μm, and averaged 232 μm.

[Conclusion]
From the above, it was concluded that the blade chip can be reduced by increasing the lead angle θ4 of the replaceable blade having a small blade angle θ2 and being easily chipped.

  As described above, the replaceable blade type cutter 10 detachable from the outer peripheral surface of the present embodiment has the blade angle θ2 set to 40 ° or more and less than 55 °, and therefore the blade edge portion 40A of the blade 40 (cutting blade). As a result, the rake angle θ3 is increased and sharpness can be further improved. By the way, since the intensity | strength of the blade edge | tip part 40A may fall as the blade edge | tip part 40A becomes thin, concern about a blade chip | tip arises. Here, the blade 40 has the blade angle θ2 set as described above, and a lead angle θ4 of 55 ° or more and less than 90 ° is set, so that the sharpness of the blade 40 is improved and the cutting edge portion 40A of the cutting edge portion 40A at the time of cutting is improved. Blade cracking can be suppressed by reducing the load. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both the further improvement of the sharpness by cutting the cutter 10 and the improvement of the durability of the cutter 10. Further, even if the blade angle θ2 of the polycrystalline diamond blade 40 (cutting blade) is sharper than before, the chipping can be suppressed by increasing the lead angle θ4.

  The cutter of the present invention is not limited to the above-described form, and may be various other forms. For example, as another processing example, the present invention may be applied to processing of the side surface (surface to be thickness) of the resin plate. The side surface of the resin plate is finished very smoothly in order to improve the commercial value. Attachment to the rotating shaft is the same as in the above embodiment.

  The cutter may have a single configuration or two or more configurations. In addition, the cutter may be provided with a spacer (spacer) as necessary in consideration of the effective blade length when combined.

  Various blade mounting configurations are applicable. The structure of the mounting seat which can fix a braid | blade so that attachment or detachment is possible may be sufficient, and you may join with a brazing material.

  The cutting blade for which the lead angle θ4 and the blade angle θ2 are set may be at least one of the plurality of cutting blades provided in the cutter 10. Therefore, the cutter may be composed entirely of cutting blades set to the lead angle θ4 and the cutter angle θ2. Some cutting blades may have different settings for the lead angle θ4 and the blade angle θ2.

10 Cutter 10T Cutter thickness 10D Blade diameter 20 Base metal 20D Base metal diameter 22 Fitting hole 22D Fitting hole diameter 24 Blade mounting portion 26 Mounting groove 26a Mounting groove inner peripheral surface 26b Mounting groove bottom 28 Fixed groove 28a Fixed groove bottom surface 28b First female screw hole 29 Step surface 29A Concave portion 29B Convex portion S Spacer 30 Mounting seat 32 Columnar portion 34 Fixing surface 36 Second female screw hole 38 Concave surface 38a Contact surface 40 Blade (cutting blade)
40A Cutting edge portion 40T Effective blade length 42 Rake face 44 Outer flank face (flank face)
49 Peripheral cutting edge θ1 Clearance angle θ2 Blade angle (cutting edge angle)
θ3 Rake angle θ4 Lead angle N Rotation direction 50 First male screw 60 Second male screw 70 Replacement blade 100 Center axis of rotation axis

Claims (3)

In the cutter for rotary cutting having a plurality of cutting blades on the outer peripheral surface of the base metal,
At least one of the plurality of cutting blades is
When the outer peripheral surface of the base metal is viewed from a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the rotation axis, the outer peripheral cutting edge of the cutting blade rotates with respect to a line projected on the outer peripheral surface of the base metal. The lead angle inclined toward the direction is 55 ° or more and less than 90 °,
A cutter in which a blade angle that is closed by a rake face and a flank face when the cutting edge portion of the cutting blade is viewed from a cross-section is set to 40 ° or more and less than 55 °. The cutter according to claim 1,
The said cutting blade is a cutter comprised by the replaceable blade type which can be attached or detached from the outer peripheral surface of the said base metal. The cutter according to claim 1 or 2,
A cutter in which the cutting blade is made of polycrystalline diamond.

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