JP2015091192A - motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively protect a connection portion housed in a coil end from an impact at the time of magnetism due to built-in magnetism. SOLUTION: This is a motor 1 provided with coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W arranged concentrically and Y-connected. Magnetism is performed with the rotor 3 incorporated in the stator 4. Each coil C of the coil group 42U, 42V, 42W of each phase is composed of distributed windings. When looking at the direction of the magnetizing current flowing through each of the coil ends 43u and 43v of the outer phase and the middle phase from the direction of the rotation axis A, the repulsive action section RS having the opposite direction is better than the attractive force action section AS having the same direction. It is set to be long. The connection portion 50 of the wire W is housed so as to avoid the attractive force action section AS. [Selection diagram] FIG. 7

Description

  The present invention relates to an inner rotor type motor in which built-in magnetization is performed, and in particular, relates to a housing structure for a wire connection portion in a coil end of a motor adopting distributed winding and Y connection.

  Coil winding methods include concentrated winding and distributed winding. In the concentrated winding, each coil is formed by winding a wire around each of the teeth of the stator core, whereas in the distributed winding, each coil is formed by winding a wire around a plurality of teeth.

  Since concentrated winding causes a decrease in reluctance torque, distributed winding is often employed in motors that actively use reluctance torque.

  In such a distributed winding motor, built-in magnetization may be performed to form the magnetic poles of the rotor (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  In built-in magnetization, a rotor to which a magnetic body (non-magnetized) constituting a magnetic pole is attached is incorporated in a stator, and each magnetic body is magnetized by energizing a coil of the stator. When magnetizing, a very large impulse current, for example, a magnetizing current 100 times or more than the rated current is applied to the coil.

  As a result, there is a problem that an extremely strong attractive force or repulsive force acts between adjacent coil ends and the coil ends are easily damaged.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, the coil end is reinforced by devising a binding method of a tied string that binds the coil end, and in Patent Document 2, the coils of the inner and outer phases arranged concentrically are partially replaced. The coil end is reinforced.

JP-A-3-118749 JP 2001-145313 A

  In the stator, for example, there are connection portions for connecting ends of the conductive wires exposed from the wires by soldering or the like, such as connection points between the coils of the same phase and relay points between the coils of each phase and the lead wires. These connection parts are often housed between coil ends in a state of being covered with insulating paper or the like so as not to get in the way.

  However, when the built-in magnetization is performed, there is a problem that a strong impact acts on these connection parts during the magnetization to cause dielectric breakdown or the like.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a motor that can efficiently magnetize a rotor by built-in magnetization, and that can effectively protect a connection part housed in a coil end from an impact during magnetization while having a simple configuration. Is to provide.

  A motor according to the present invention includes a plurality of magnetic bodies constituting magnetic poles, a rotor that is rotatable around a rotation axis, a stator that is disposed around the rotor with a slight gap, and a concentric circle with the stator. A coil group composed of three phases of an inner phase, a middle phase, and an outer phase arranged in a shape and connected by Y connection. Magnetization of the magnetic material is performed by flowing a magnetizing current through the coil group of each phase in a state where the rotor is incorporated in the stator.

  The stator has a stator core including a cylindrical core back and a plurality of teeth extending radially from the inner peripheral surface of the core back toward the center. Each coil of the coil group of each phase is configured by distributed winding formed by winding a wire around the group of teeth while shifting the position in the circumferential direction for each phase. The wire group of each phase has a coil end that protrudes from an end of the stator core in the rotation axis direction.

  When the direction of the magnetization current flowing through each of the coil ends of the outer-phase coil group and the middle-phase coil group is viewed from the direction of the rotation axis, the direction is more than the attractive force acting section. The reverse repulsive force action section is set to be longer. Thus, the wire connection portion is accommodated between the coil end of the outer phase coil group and the coil end of the middle phase coil group, avoiding the attractive action section.

  That is, at the time of magnetization, at the coil ends adjacent to the inside and outside, an attractive force acts at a portion where the direction of the flowing magnetizing current is the same, and a repulsive force occurs at a portion where the direction of the flowing magnetizing current is opposite. Works. Therefore, in the attractive action section where the magnetizing currents flowing through the coil ends of the outer and middle phase coil groups flow in the same direction, the outer and inner phase coil ends attract each other and in the repulsive action section flowing in the opposite direction, The coil ends of the outer and inner phases repel each other.

  Under such circumstances, in this motor, the repulsive action section is set to be longer than the attractive action section at the coil ends of the coil groups of the outer phase and the middle phase. It can be easily stored avoiding the attractive action section. By storing the wire connection part avoiding the attractive action section, it is possible to avoid the wire connection part from being pinched strongly during magnetization, and to effectively prevent dielectric breakdown while having a simple configuration. it can.

  In particular, it is preferable that the wire connection site is accommodated in the repulsive force action section.

  Then, when magnetized, the coil ends on both sides of the wire connection part of the stored wire expand in the circumferential direction, so that the wire connection part is not caught during magnetization, and the dielectric breakdown is more reliably performed. Can be prevented.

  Specifically, the number of teeth provided on the stator is six times the number of magnetic poles, the number of coils in the coil group of each phase is the same as the number of magnetic poles, and the coil group of the outer phase And the middle-phase coil group, and the middle-phase coil group and the inner-phase coil group are shifted by two teeth in the same direction between the inner and outer coils. If it is the motor arrange | positioned in, it can apply easily.

  For example, the wire connection part is a neutral point between the coil groups of each phase, a connection point between the coils of the coil group of each phase, or a relay between the coil group of each phase and the lead wire It is preferable to include at least one of the points and to be separately distributed and accommodated in the circumferential direction of the stator.

  Then, the connecting wire part drawn from the coil, including the connection part, can be neatly stored in the stator, and it is not affected by other connection parts, so the insulation breakdown is more reliably performed. Can be prevented.

  In particular, it is effective when the connection portion of the wire is connected by soldering or welding of the wire.

  In wire connection by soldering or welding, burrs and protrusions are likely to remain in the connection part, so dielectric breakdown is likely to occur if the connection part is strongly pinched, but even in such a case, it is possible to avoid strong pinching, so dielectric breakdown Can be effectively prevented.

  Further, the periphery of the wire connection portion may be fixed with a curable insulating material.

  Then, dielectric breakdown can be prevented more effectively.

  According to the motor of the present invention, the rotor can be efficiently magnetized by built-in magnetization, and the wire connection portion accommodated in the coil end can be effectively protected from the impact during magnetization while having a simple configuration.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows the structure of the principal part of the motor of this embodiment. It is the schematic plan view which looked at the motor from the rotating shaft direction. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the coil group of each phase by which the distributed winding was carried out. It is the schematic which shows the connection circuit comprised in the case of magnetization. It is a schematic plan view showing the direction of the magnetizing current flowing through the coil end during magnetization, the magnetic flux, and the like. It is the schematic explaining the accommodation of the connection site | part of a wire. It is the schematic explaining the attractive force and repulsive force which act on a coil end in the case of magnetization. It is the schematic which shows the 1st modification of this embodiment. (A) is the schematic corresponding to FIG. 4, (b) is a schematic plan view corresponding to FIG. It is the schematic which shows the 2nd modification of this embodiment. (A) is the schematic corresponding to FIG. 4, (b) is a schematic plan view corresponding to FIG. It is the schematic which shows the 3rd modification of this embodiment. (A) is the schematic corresponding to FIG. 4, (b) is a schematic plan view corresponding to FIG. It is the schematic which shows 2nd Embodiment. (A) is the schematic corresponding to FIG. 4, (b) is a schematic plan view corresponding to FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the following description is merely illustrative in nature and does not limit the present invention, its application, or its use.

  In FIG. 1, the principal part of the motor 1 of this embodiment is shown. The motor 1 is an inner rotor type motor, and is configured to be able to be rotationally driven by actively utilizing reluctance torque.

  The motor 1 includes a shaft 2, a rotor 3, a stator 4, and the like. The rotor 3 is a member having a columnar appearance, and is composed of a rotor core 3a and a plurality (12 in this embodiment) of magnetized magnetic bodies 3b (permanent magnets) constituting magnetic poles.

  As shown in FIG. 2, each permanent magnet 3b is embedded in the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 3a. In this motor 1, one magnetic pole is constituted by two magnetic bodies 3b and 3b (six poles), and the magnetic poles are arranged so that N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Yes.

  The shaft 2 is integrally fixed to the rotor 3 with the centers thereof aligned. The shaft 2 is rotatably supported via a bearing (not shown), and the shaft 2 and the rotor 3 are rotatable about the rotation axis A.

  The stator 4 is a member having a substantially cylindrical appearance, and is disposed around the rotor 3 with a slight gap therebetween. The stator 4 includes a stator core 41, coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W, and the like.

  The stator core 41 is configured by laminating metal plates, and includes a cylindrical core back 41a and a plurality of teeth 41b extending radially from the inner peripheral surface of the core back 41a toward the center. The number of teeth 41b is six times the number of magnetic poles, and is 36 in this embodiment. Each tooth 41b is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a space (slot) through which the wire W is inserted is formed between two adjacent teeth 41b, 41b.

  The coil groups 42U, 42V, and 42W of the motor 1 are configured by three phases of an outer phase (U), a middle phase (V), and an inner phase (W) that are concentrically arranged on the stator 4 in a radial direction. ing. The coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W of the respective phases are composed of the same number of magnetic poles, that is, six coils C, and each coil C is formed by distributed winding.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, each coil C of each phase coil group 42U, 42V, 42W is formed by repeatedly winding a wire W around a continuous group (five) of teeth 41b. Yes. The periphery of the wire W is covered with an insulating material, and the conductive wire 55 of the wire W and the stator core 41 are electrically insulated.

  As a result, both end portions of each phase coil group 42U, 42V, 42W in the direction of the rotation axis A protrude from the respective end portions of the stator core 41 in the direction of the rotation axis A (coil end 43).

  The coils C of the coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W of the phases are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction with an interval corresponding to one tooth 41b. Further, the coils C of the coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W of the respective phases are arranged in a state where the positions thereof are shifted at regular intervals in the circumferential direction with respect to the coils C of the coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W of the other phases. .

  Specifically, when the two coils C (for example, the coil C1 and the coil C2 in FIG. 2) adjacent to each other inside and outside the U-phase coil group 42U and the V-phase coil group 42V are viewed, The U-phase coil C1 is shifted counterclockwise by two teeth 41b from the V-phase coil C2.

  The same is true between the V-phase coil group 42V and the W-phase coil group 42W. When two coils C (for example, the coil C3 and the coil C4 in FIG. 2) adjacent to each other inside and outside are viewed, The V-phase coil C3 is positioned counterclockwise by two teeth 41b from the W-phase coil C4.

  Thereby, in the coil end 43 of each phase of U, V, and W, between the coil ends 43 adjacent to each other, a section overlapping in the radial direction and a section not overlapping in the radial direction are formed.

  The coil groups 42U, 42V, and 42W of these phases are connected by Y connection.

  Specifically, in the coil groups 42U, 42V, and 42W of each phase of U, V, and W, the coils C are connected in series. Thus, one ends of the wires W of the coil groups 42U, 42V, and 42W in which the coils C are arranged in a line are collected at one point and connected to each other (neutral point).

  As shown in FIG. 2, the other ends of the wires W of the coil groups 42U, 42V, and 42W are connected to lead wires 46, drawn from the motor 1, and connected to predetermined terminals (not shown). Although details will be described later, the connecting wire 50 formed by connecting the wire W and the lead wire 46 and the connecting wire drawn from each of the coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W are connected to the coil end 43. It is stored between.

  In this motor 1, each magnetic body 3b of the rotor 3 is magnetized by built-in magnetization.

  That is, the rotor 3 is assembled to the stator 4 as it is without being magnetized after the non-magnetized magnetic body 3b is attached. In this state, temporary connection is made with the coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W of each phase to form a predetermined connection circuit, and magnetization is performed by flowing a magnetizing current through the coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W of each phase. Is called.

  FIG. 4 shows the connection circuit 52 in the present embodiment. The U phase and the W phase are connected to the positive side of the DC power source 53 that supplies the magnetizing current at two predetermined locations shown in FIG. 5, and the V phase is the negative side of the DC power source 53 at the two predetermined locations shown in FIG. Connected to the side. And each of these connection locations and two locations symmetrical to the center are connected to each other (neutral point).

  At the time of magnetization, as shown in FIG. 5, the stator 4 and the rotor 3 are positioned at a predetermined magnetization reference position. Thereafter, a pulse voltage is applied to the coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W of the respective phases by the DC power supply 53, and a very large magnetizing current is caused to flow through the coils C of the coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W of the respective phases. Specifically, a pulse voltage of 900 V or more is applied, and a magnetizing current of about 2000 A is passed.

  In the present embodiment, a position where the center of each coil C of the W-phase coil group 42W and the center of each magnetic pole coincide with each other in the circumferential direction is set as a reference position for wearing. 5 indicates the direction of the magnetizing current at the coil end 43 as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis A when a magnetizing current is passed through the connection circuit 52.

  When a magnetizing current is passed through each coil C, magnetic flux as indicated by broken arrows in FIG. 5 is generated, and each magnetic body 3b is magnetized by these magnetic fluxes.

  As described above, the stator 4 has several connection portions 50 where the wires W are connected. For example, the connection point to which the in-phase coil C is connected, the neutral point to which one end of each phase coil group 42U, 42V, 42W is connected together, the other end of each phase coil group 42U, 42V, 42W is drawn out For example, a relay point connected to the line 46.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in these connection parts 50, a plurality of conductive wires 55 are connected to the ends of the conductive wires 55 exposed from the wires W by soldering or welding of the conductive wires 55. In order to ensure insulation, the connection part 50 is accommodated by being pushed between the coil ends 43 in a state where the periphery is covered with the insulating paper 56. An insulating tube or the like may be used in place of the insulating paper 56.

  However, when built-in magnetization is performed, a strong repulsive force or attractive force acts on the coil end 43 during magnetization, so that the coil ends 43 adjacent to each other repel or attract each other. Specifically, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 7, in the two coil ends 43 and 43 adjacent to the inside and outside, an attractive force acts at a portion where the directions of the flowing magnetizing currents are the same, and the magnetizing flows flowing through them. A repulsive force acts on the part where the current direction is opposite.

  Therefore, if the connection part 50 is accommodated between the coil ends 43 and 43 which attract each other, the connection part 50 will be pinched strongly.

  In connection by soldering or welding, burrs and protrusions are likely to remain in the connection part 50. Therefore, if the connection part 50 is strongly sandwiched, the insulating paper 56 and the like are damaged and insulation breakdown is likely to occur.

  Therefore, in this motor 1, by devising the configuration and the magnetization method of the motor 1, a section where the attractive force acts between the inner W-phase coil end 43w and the intermediate V-phase coil end 43v (inner side) The section where the repulsive force acts (inner repulsive action section: IRS) is shorter than the attractive action section (IAS) of the outer U-phase coil end 43u and the intermediate V-phase coil end. Between 43v, it sets so that the area (repulsive force action area: RS) where a repulsive force acts may become longer than the area (attractive force action area: AS) where attractive force acts.

  Thus, in order to prevent dielectric breakdown, the connection portion 50 of the wire W is set between the outer side and the middle coil ends 43u, 43v, avoiding the attractive action section AS, and the repulsive action section RS or coil end. 43u and 43v are stored in a section that does not overlap in the radial direction.

  That is, the U-phase coil end 43u is located on the outermost side and easily expands outward, and a long circumferential section between the U-phase and V-phase coil ends 43u and 43v is a repulsive action section RS. The attractive force action section AS is shortened.

  Therefore, it is possible to easily store the connection portion 50 of the wire W while avoiding the attractive force acting section AS. By doing so, it is possible to avoid the pinched portion 50 of the wire W from being pinched strongly during magnetization, and it is possible to effectively prevent dielectric breakdown while having a simple configuration.

  In particular, in the repulsive action section RS, the coil ends 43u and 43v on both sides expand in the circumferential direction when magnetized, so that the insulation breakdown can be prevented more reliably if the wire connection part 50 is housed in the repulsive action section RS. it can.

  Since the section that can avoid the attractive force acting section AS is divided into a plurality of places in the circumferential direction, the connection portions 50 of the plurality of wires W can be individually dispersed and stored in each of these sections, By doing so, dielectric breakdown can be prevented more reliably.

  Moreover, since it can be magnetized using all of the three-phase coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W, it can be efficiently magnetized and the high-performance motor 1 can be manufactured stably.

  It is preferable that the periphery of the connection part 50 of the accommodated wire W is fixed with a curable insulating material such as varnish. Then, dielectric breakdown can be prevented more effectively.

(First modification)
FIG. 8 shows a modification of the motor 1. In the figure, the direction of the magnetization current flowing through the coil end 43 is represented by the direction of the magnetization current in the slot. Black circles indicate the direction of flow from the paper surface toward the front, and x marks indicate the direction of flow from the paper surface toward the back (the same applies to the following modified examples).

  In the motor 1A of this modification, the configuration of the connection circuit 52 is different from that of the motor 1 of the embodiment. That is, in this motor 1A, the connection to the DC power source 53 is reversed, the U-phase and W-phase lead wires 46 are connected to the negative side of the DC power source 53, and the V-phase lead wire 46 is It is connected to the plus side of the DC power supply 53.

  Thereby, the direction in which the magnetic flux flows is reversed, and the N pole and the S pole of the magnetized magnetic body 3b are reversed. The other configuration of the motor 1A, such as the configuration of the stator and the storage of the wire connection site, is the same as that of the motor 1, and the same reference numerals are used in FIG.

(Second modification)
FIG. 9 shows another modification of the motor 1.

  The motor 1B of this modification differs from the motor 1 mainly in that the V phase and the W phase are interchanged, that is, the inner phase is the V phase and the middle phase is the W phase. .

  Accordingly, in the connection circuit 52 of the motor 1B, the U-phase and V-phase lead lines 46 are connected to the positive side of the DC power supply 53, and the W-phase lead line 46 is connected to the negative side of the DC power supply 53. Has been. The magnetizing reference position of the motor 1B is a position where the centers of the coils C of the V-phase coil groups 42U, 42V, 42W and the centers of the magnetic poles coincide with each other in the circumferential direction.

  The configuration of the stator and the storage of the wire connection site are the same as those of the motor 1, and the same reference numerals are used in FIG.

(Third Modification)
FIG. 10 shows another modification of the motor 1.

  The motor 1C according to this modification is the same as the motor 1B according to the second modification except that the connection to the DC power supply 53 is reversed. Since the configuration of the stator and the storage of the wire connection site are the same as those of the motor 1, the same reference numerals are used in FIG.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 11 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a motor 1 ′ having four magnetic poles and 24 teeth. The motor 1 ′ is a connection circuit corresponding to the motor 1A of the first modification, but is modified to a connection circuit corresponding to the motors 1B and 1C of the second modification and the third modification in addition to the motor 1. It is also possible (not shown).

  This motor 1 'can also be configured in the same manner as the motor 1 of the embodiment, and the same operational effects can be obtained. In FIG. 11, the same code | symbol is used for the structure which can obtain the same effect, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As described above, the present invention is applicable to any motor having six times the number of magnetic poles, such as a 2-pole 12-slot motor, a 4-pole 24-slot motor, and a 6-pole 36-slot motor.

1 Motor 3 Rotor 3b Magnetic body (permanent magnet)
4 Stator 41 Stator Core 41a Core Back 41b Teeth 42U, 42V, 42W Coil Group 43 Coil End 50 Connection Site RS Repulsive Action Section AS Attracting Action Section A Rotating Shaft C Coil W Wire

Claims (6)

A rotor including a plurality of magnetic bodies constituting magnetic poles and rotatable about a rotation axis;
A stator arranged around the rotor with a slight gap;
A coil group consisting of three phases, an inner phase, a middle phase, and an outer phase, arranged concentrically on the stator, and connected by Y connection;
With
Magnetization of the magnetic body is performed by flowing a magnetizing current through the coil group of each phase in a state where the rotor is incorporated in the stator,
The stator has a stator core including a cylindrical core back and a plurality of teeth extending radially from the inner peripheral surface of the core back toward the center,
Each coil of the coil group of each phase is constituted by distributed winding formed by winding a wire around the group of teeth while shifting the position in the circumferential direction for each phase,
The wire group of each phase has a coil end protruding from an end of the stator core in the rotation axis direction,
When the direction of the magnetization current flowing through each of the coil ends of the outer-phase coil group and the middle-phase coil group is viewed from the direction of the rotation axis, the direction is more than the attractive force acting section. The reverse repulsive action section is set to be longer,
The motor in which the wire connection portion is accommodated between the coil end of the outer-phase coil group and the coil end of the middle-phase coil group, avoiding the attractive action section. The motor according to claim 1,
A motor in which a wire connection portion is housed in the repulsive force acting section. In the motor according to claim 1 or 2,
The number of teeth provided on the stator is six times the number of magnetic poles,
The number of coils in each phase coil group is the same as the number of magnetic poles,
Each of the outer-phase coil group and the middle-phase coil group, and the middle-phase coil group and the inner-phase coil group, each of the two teeth in the same direction between the inner and outer coils adjacent to each other. A motor that is arranged so as to be shifted by minutes. In the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The wire connection site is a neutral point between the coil groups of each phase, a connection point between the coils of the coil group of each phase, or a relay point between the coil group of each phase and the lead wire A motor including at least one of them and separately distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator. In the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A motor in which connection portions of the wires are connected by soldering or welding of the wires. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A motor in which a periphery of a wire connection portion is fixed with a curable insulating material.

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