JP2014117294A - Medication mixing method - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a drug mixing method capable of directly preventing a leakage of a drug such as a spill when adjusting or mixing the drug.
A drug mixing method of the present invention includes a step of sucking a drug 16 from a drug container 17 into a syringe 11 and a step of transporting a syringe 11 that sucks the drug 16 before the transporting step. By sucking gas into the syringe 11, the method comprises a method of forming a spherical bubble 12 having a predetermined volume in the vicinity of the joint portion 11 c with the needle 11 a of the syringe 11. By this method, it is possible to directly prevent a phenomenon that a drug such as a spill leaks when the drug is adjusted or mixed.
[Selection] Figure 9

Description

  The present invention relates to drug mixing in which a drug is mixed using a syringe in a medical field.

  In hospitals and the like, in order to apply drugs to hospitalized patients, several types of drugs are often taken out from different drug containers and mixed. Among drugs applied at hospitals, some drugs such as anticancer drugs should be handled with due consideration for safety. Therefore, it is desired to develop a medicine mixing device that can be handled safely and reduces the work load.

  By the way, when mixing a drug from a drug container such as an infusion bag or a vial using a syringe, when mixing the drug and removing the needle of the syringe from the drug container, from the rubber stopper of the drug container or the needle tip of the syringe There is a case in which a liquid medicine leaks (hereinafter referred to as “spill”). Spills are problematic because they are volatile and have strong side effects on the human body (such as anticancer drugs). Therefore, there has been proposed a device that performs a drug mixing operation only inside the drug mixing device and prevents a person outside the device from being exposed to an anticancer drug or the like even if the drug leaks inside the device ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 12 shows a schematic plan view of a drug mixing device 1 of Patent Document 1 as an example of a conventional drug mixing device. The drug mixing device 1 shown in FIG. 12 has a storage chamber 4 surrounded by a box-type holding frame 5 or the like. The storage chamber 4 stores a magazine 2 and a dispensing station 3 for mixing medicines. In the magazine 2, a container 7 is disposed around a shaft 8 that is a central axis. The container 7 includes a plurality of grip conveyance units 6 that contain the medicine, and the desired grip conveyance unit 6 can be selected and acquired by rotating the container 7. When mixing the medicine, the grip transport means 9 arranged between the magazine 2 and the dispensing station 3 selects and acquires the grip transport unit 6 containing the medicine from the container 7 and transports it to the dispensing station 3. .

  An access aperture 10 is provided between the position where the magazine 2 is arranged and the box-type holding frame 5, and a sterile air flow flows vertically between the access aperture 10 and the box-type holding frame 5. ing. The sterile air flow and the access aperture 10 prevent the air inside the drug mixing device 1 from flowing out to the external environment. Thereby, even when a phenomenon in which a drug such as a spill leaks during mixing of the drugs, a person outside the drug mixing apparatus 1 can be prevented from being exposed to the anticancer drug or the like due to the spill or the like.

Special table 2009-544391

  However, in the conventional drug mixing device 1, it is possible to prevent the air inside the drug mixing device 1 from being exposed to the outside, but it is not possible to prevent a spill that is a phenomenon in which the drug leaks into the drug mixing device 1. Therefore, when a spill occurs, in order to avoid an influence on other drugs arranged in the drug mixing device 1, a process of wiping the drug quickly and detoxifying by neutralization or the like is necessary. . However, those who do these treatments may be exposed to drugs such as anticancer drugs during the treatment.

  This invention solves this subject, and it aims at providing the chemical | medical agent mixing method which can prevent the phenomenon where chemical | medical agents, such as a spill, leak when mixing a chemical | medical agent.

  In order to achieve the above object, the drug mixing method of the present invention uses a syringe in an inverted posture to suck a drug into the syringe, and then sucks air to thereby form a spherical bubble near the junction between the syringe and the needle. The syringe is transported in a state other than the inverted posture, and the medicine is mixed in a state where the syringe is changed to an upright posture.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the chemical | medical agent mixing method which can prevent the phenomenon that chemical | medical agents, such as a spill, leaks into the inside of an apparatus is realizable.

(A) The top view of the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention, (b) The front view of the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. The perspective view of the principal part of the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus of this Embodiment 1. It is a figure which shows the attitude | position of the syringe in the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus of this Embodiment 1, Comprising: (a) The figure which shows an inverted attitude, (b) The figure which shows a horizontal attitude, (c) The figure which shows an erect posture (A), (b) Schematic diagram showing a state where droplets are generated by the posture of the syringe (A) Schematic diagram showing a state in which spherical bubbles are formed in the syringe in the first embodiment, (b) Enlarged view of region A in FIG. (A) Side view of the syringe when the gas is sucked in the inverted state in the first embodiment, (b) Side view of the syringe when the gas is sucked in the upright state in the first embodiment, (c) Enlarged view of region B in FIG. 6A, (d) enlarged view of region C in FIG. 6B. (A), (b) Sectional drawing of the junction part vicinity of a syringe when an excessive amount of gas is sucked The figure for demonstrating the permissible maximum suction amount of the gas in this Embodiment 1. FIG. Flowchart of drug mixing method according to the first embodiment The front view which shows the principal part of the chemical | medical agent suction part of the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus concerning this Embodiment 1. FIG. The front view which shows the principal part of the chemical | medical agent discharge part of the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus concerning this Embodiment 1. FIG. Schematic plan view of a conventional drug mixing device

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component and description may be abbreviate | omitted. In addition, the drawings schematically show each component as a main component for easy understanding.

(Embodiment 1)
Fig.1 (a) is a top view of the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus 20 concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention, FIG.1 (b) is a front view of the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus 20 concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. is there.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the drug mixing device 20 of the first embodiment includes a drug suction unit 21, a transport unit 22, a drug discharge unit 23, and a meter in a frame 24. A total 25, an inspection unit 26, a shaker 27 for further mixing the mixed medicines by shaking, a trash box 28, a storage area 30, and an operation panel 31 are provided. The drug suction unit 21 sucks a drug (not shown) from the drug container 17 into the syringe 11. The transport unit 22 includes a robot arm or the like, and transports the syringe 11 that has sucked the drug from the drug suction unit 21 to the drug discharge unit 23. The medicine discharge part 23 discharges the medicine from the transported syringe 11 to the medicine container 17 held. The meter 25 audits the amount of medicine sucked by weight. The inspection unit 26 audits the type of medicine. In the trash box 28, the medicine container 17 and the like that have finished sucking the medicine are discarded. The storage area 30 stores a drug container 17 containing a drug used for mixing drugs, a syringe 11, an infusion bag 29, and the like. The operation panel 31 performs operation of the apparatus, input of information, display of the current operation status, and the like. And based on the mixing information input through the operation panel 31 or a medical server (not shown), medicine mixing is performed. Here, the mixing information is the mixing amount of the medicine 16 used for medicine mixing, and information on the syringe 11 and the needle 11a to be used.

  The drug suction unit 21 is a part of the mixing module 13 having the transport port 13 a for transporting the syringe 11, and the drug discharge unit 23 is one of the dissolution modules 15 having the transport port 15 a for transporting the syringe 11. Part.

  1 (a) and 1 (b), the drug mixing device 20 according to the first embodiment includes a space in which a drug suction unit 21, a transport unit 22, and a drug discharge unit 23 are surrounded by a frame body 24 and closed from the outside. It is the structure arrange | positioned inside. With this configuration, the air inside the drug mixing device 20 does not leak out of the device. Further, the drug suction unit 21 and the drug discharge unit 23 are arranged in closed spaces, and are arranged separately in the drug mixing device 20. The drug mixing device 20 can be connected to, for example, a medical server in a hospital and read prescription information or the like to perform a mixing operation.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the drug mixing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the syringe 11 is transported by the transport unit 22 from the mixing module 13 toward the dissolution module 15 in the drug mixing device 20 illustrated in FIG. 1. The conveyance unit 22 such as a robot arm arranges and conveys the syringe 11 with the needle 11 a on the weighing table 14 a of the meter 14.

  A drug mixing method of the drug mixing apparatus 20 according to the first embodiment will be described. When mixing the drug in the first embodiment, the drug 11 is sucked from the drug container 17 into the syringe 11 in the sealed mixing module 13, and then the syringe 11 taken out from the transport port 13 a of the mixing module 13 is placed in the meter 14. In the state arrange | positioned at the measurement stand 14a, it conveys in the melt | dissolution module 15 by the conveyance part 22, and mixes with another chemical | medical agent in the melt | dissolved module 15 sealed.

  Here, the posture of the syringe 11 in the medicine mixing device 20 of the first embodiment is a posture with the needle 11a facing upward (hereinafter referred to as an “inverted posture”) inside the mixing module 13, and is conveyed. During the conveyance by the unit 22, the posture of the needle 11 a is in the horizontal direction (hereinafter referred to as “horizontal posture”), and in the melting module 15, the posture of the needle 11 a is directed downward (hereinafter “ "Erect posture"). The posture of the syringe 11 in each state is shown in FIGS. FIG. 3A is a diagram showing an inverted posture of the syringe 11, FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a horizontal posture of the syringe 11, and FIG. 3C is a diagram showing an upright posture of the syringe 11. is there.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a phenomenon in which the droplet 11b leaks from the tip of the needle 11a of the syringe 11. FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a state in which the droplet 11b is generated by the centrifugal force due to the change in posture when the syringe 11 is changed from the inverted posture to the horizontal posture, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which the droplet 11b generate | occur | produced by gravity, when maintaining 11 in an erect posture. Thus, the phenomenon in which the droplet 11b leaks from the tip of the needle 11a of the syringe 11 is a spill. When a spill occurs, the spill may affect other drugs in the drug mixing device, even if the drug is mixed in a sealed drug mixing device surrounded by an outer wall. There is. In addition, in order to suppress this effect, it is conceivable to perform a process of wiping off the drug produced by the spill or a detoxification process such as neutralization, but such a process is difficult automatically and is usually handled by an operator. become. For this reason, when the drug is, for example, an anticancer drug, the worker may be exposed to the drug such as the anticancer drug.

  Therefore, in the present invention, in order to prevent such a spill, before changing the posture from the inverted posture to the horizontal posture, the syringe 11 and the needle 11a for sucking the drug are placed near the joint 11c in FIG. ) Is formed. By forming the spherical bubble 12 in the vicinity of the joint portion 11c at this timing, the syringe 11 is covered with the spherical bubble 12, and spilling can be prevented. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a spherical bubble 12 is formed in the syringe 11 by sucking the gas into the syringe 11 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. ) Is an enlarged view of region A.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the volume of the spherical bubble 12 formed in the vicinity of the joint portion 11c is set to a predetermined volume based on the size of the syringe 11 and the needle 11a and the type of medicine, so that high mixing accuracy and spilling can be achieved. Both suppression is achieved.

  The predetermined volume of the spherical bubble 12 formed inside the syringe 11 will be described.

  FIG. 6A is a side view of the syringe 11 in an inverted posture when a predetermined volume of gas 12b is sucked, and FIG. 6B is a syringe in an upright posture when sucking a predetermined volume of gas 12b. 11 is a side view of FIG. 11, FIG. 6C is an enlarged view of the region B in FIG. 6A, and FIG. 6D is an enlarged view of the region C in FIG. 6B. 7A and 7B show the range from the joint 11c of the syringe 11 to the gasket 11d in the inverted posture and the upright posture when an excessive amount of gas 12b exceeding a predetermined volume is sucked. It is sectional drawing of the vicinity.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, for example, a case is considered where a gas 11b, which is an example of a certain amount of air, is sucked after the syringe 11 in an inverted posture sucks the medicine. In this case, as described above, when the air is sucked before the syringe 11 changes from the inverted posture to the horizontal posture, as shown in FIG. 6C, the upper portion of the joint portion 11 c of the medicine 16 inside the syringe 11. The sucked gas 12b is located in the vicinity. The inventors have conducted various experiments, and when the volume of the gas 12b, which is an example of the air to be sucked, is a predetermined volume (allowable maximum suction amount), the spherical bubbles 12 are formed as shown in FIG. Found that formed. According to the experiments by the inventors, when the spherical bubble 12 having a predetermined volume is thus formed, the posture of the syringe 11 is changed from the inverted posture shown in FIG. 6A to the upright posture shown in FIG. However, as shown in FIG. 6D, it was found that the spherical bubbles 12 remain in the vicinity of the joint 11 c of the syringe 11.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the volume of the gas 12b sucked into the syringe 11 exceeds a predetermined volume, the posture of the inverted syringe 11 is changed to the upright posture shown in FIG. 7B. In this case, the buoyancy of the gas 12b surpasses the surface tension generated between the spherical bubble 12 and the syringe 11, and a part of the gas 12b floats in the vicinity of the gasket 11d. In this state, for example, when the medicine 16 inside the syringe 11 is to be discharged to another medicine container, the gas 12b in the vicinity of the gasket 11d is compressed, so the movement amount of the plunger 11g and the discharge amount of the medicine from the syringe 11 In a complicated manner, a certain amount of medicine may not be accurately discharged from the syringe 11.

  Therefore, in this Embodiment 1, the chemical | medical agent which made high mixing precision and suppression of spill compatible by making the volume of the spherical bubble 12 into the specific range computed by the size and chemical | medical agent kind of the syringe 11 and the needle | hook 11a. Realization of mixing. That is, in the first embodiment, the allowable maximum suction amount (predetermined volume) of the gas 12b sucked into the syringe 11 is calculated based on the size of the syringe 11 and the needle 11a and the type of medicine, and the allowable maximum suction amount is not exceeded. The gas 12b is sucked to mix the medicine.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the allowable maximum suction amount of gas. Here, the permissible maximum suction amount of the gas means that when the gas 12b is sucked into the syringe 11 after the medicine 16 is sucked into the syringe 11, the gas 12b is placed in the upright posture shown in FIG. The maximum suction amount that can form the spherical bubble 12 while adhering to the taper portion 11h.

When the diameter of the spherical bubble 12 is d, the surface tension of the drug 16 at the ambient temperature where the syringe 11 is placed is σ, the liquid specific gravity of the drug 16 at the same ambient temperature is ρ, and the gravitational acceleration is g. As shown in FIG. 8, the diameter d _max of the spherical bubble 12 when 12b is sucked to the maximum allowable suction amount is expressed by the following (formula 1) from the relationship between buoyancy and surface tension.

The allowable maximum suction amount V _max of the gas is obtained from the diameter d _max of (Formula 1), the taper tip diameter D, the angle of the taper portion 11h with respect to the length direction of the needle 11a, and the volume inside the needle 11a. By obtaining the permissible maximum suction amount by an experiment in advance, it is possible to form a spherical bubble 12 that does not float even when the syringe 11 is in an upright posture, and to realize high-precision drug mixing without spilling. Can do.

  In addition, by measuring the individual syringes 11 with respect to the tapered tip diameter D and the angle of the tapered portion that vary slightly in shape due to individual differences of the syringes 11 and storing them in a memory (not shown), etc. It is possible to realize a drug mixing process for mixing with high accuracy.

  Furthermore, the lower limit of the predetermined volume of the spherical bubble 12 is set based on the volume inside the needle 11 a and the taper shape of the syringe 11. For example, when a needle 11a having a needle diameter of 16G and a needle length of 0.5 inches and a syringe 11 having a volume of 20 ml are used, the lower limit of the volume of the gas 12b inside the spherical bubble 12 is 0, 05 ml. It is.

  Next, the drug mixing method in Embodiment 1 will be described. FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the medicine mixing method according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a front view showing a main part of the medicine suction section 21 of the medicine mixing apparatus 20 according to the first embodiment. These are front views which show the principal part of the chemical | medical agent discharge part 23 of the chemical | medical agent mixing apparatus 20 concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention.

  As shown in FIG. 9, first, the transport unit 22 of the drug mixing device 20 according to the first embodiment performs the drug container 17, the syringe 11, and the infusion bag 29 based on the mixing information input through the operation panel 31 or the medical server. Is taken out from the storage area 30 and audited by the inspection machine 26, and then carried into the medicine suction unit 21 (mixing module 13). And in the chemical | medical agent suction part 21 (mixing module 13), the chemical | medical agent 16 is attracted | sucked to the syringe 11 from the chemical | medical agent container 17 by moving the moving mechanism 35 to the vertically downward direction (step S01). At this time, as shown in FIG. 10, the drug suction unit 21 of the drug mixing device 20 fixes the syringe 11 to the syringe base 33 by the syringe holding unit 32 in the inverted posture and also holds the drug container 17 in the inverted posture. It is possible to collect the medicine 16 in the medicine container 17 in the vicinity of the lower rubber stopper 17a, and in this state, the plunger 11g is driven by the syringe drive unit 36 to facilitate the suction of the medicine 16. ing.

Next, in a state of pulling out the needle 11a of syringe 11 from the drug container 17, by sucking a predetermined amount of a gas permissible maximum suction rate _{V max} below the syringe 11, the joint 11c of the needle 11a of syringe 11 A spherical bubble 12 having a predetermined volume or less is formed in the vicinity of (step S02). By forming the spherical bubbles 12 in this manner, even if the posture of the syringe 11 is changed when the medicine 16 is subsequently prepared or mixed, a phenomenon such as spilling can be prevented.

  Next, in order to take out the syringe 11 from the medicine suction unit 21 (mixing module 13) by the transport unit 22, the posture of the syringe 11 is changed. Specifically, the syringe 11 is changed from an inverted posture to a horizontal posture (step S03).

  Next, the syringe 11 that has finished the suction is transported to the medicine ejection unit 23 while maintaining the horizontal posture by the transport unit 22 (step S04). In addition, the generation of spills due to centrifugal force or inertial force during conveyance can be further suppressed by setting the acceleration and the turning speed of the conveyance unit 22 according to the amount of gas sucked in step S02.

  Next, the posture of the syringe 11 is changed in order to carry the syringe 11 into the medicine discharge unit 23 (dissolution module 15) by the transport unit 22. Specifically, the syringe 11 is changed from a horizontal posture to an upright posture (step S05).

  Next, the medicine sucked into the syringe 11 by the medicine discharge unit 23 (dissolution module 15) is discharged into the medicine container 17 and mixed. At this time, in the medicine discharge unit 23 of the medicine mixing device 20, as shown in FIG. 11, the syringe 11 is fixed to the syringe base 33 in the upright posture and the medicine container 17 is supported by the container holding portion 34 in the upright posture. Thus, the medicine 16 in the syringe 11 can be collected in the vicinity of the lower joint portion 11c, and in this state, the plunger 11g is driven by the syringe driving portion 36 to facilitate the discharge of the medicine 16. In addition, in order to dissolve the medicine 16 in the medicine container 17 more reliably, a shaker 27 may be used. Thereafter, the medicine container 17 having the mixed medicine is dispensed through an inspection by the inspection machine 26.

  As described above, in the drug mixing device 20 of the first embodiment, since the spherical bubbles 12 are formed in the vicinity of the joint portion 11c of the syringe 11, a phenomenon such as spilling can be prevented when the drug is prepared or mixed.

  The first embodiment is effective both when a powder drug is mixed and when a liquid drug is mixed.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to directly prevent the leakage of a drug such as a spill when mixing the drug, which is useful in a hospital, for example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Syringe 11a Needle 11b Droplet 11c Joint part 11d Gasket 11g Plunger 11h Taper part 12 Spherical bubble 12b Gas 13 Mixing module 13a, 15a Carrying port 14 Metering meter 14a Weighing table 15 Dissolution module 16 Drug 17 Drug container 17a Rubber plug 20 Drug mixing Device 21 Drug suction part 22 Transport part 23 Drug discharge part 24 Frame body 25 Metering meter 26 Inspection part 27 Shaker 28 Trash box 29 Infusion bag 30 Storage area 31 Operation panel 32 Syringe holding part 33 Syringe base 34 Container holding part 35 Moving mechanism 36 Syringe drive

Claims (7)

After sucking the medicine into the syringe using a syringe in an inverted posture, a spherical bubble is formed in the vicinity of the joint between the syringe and the needle by sucking air,
Transport the syringe in a state other than an inverted posture,
Mixing the drug in a state in which the syringe is changed to an upright posture;
Drug mixing method. Transporting the syringe in a state where the syringe is changed from an inverted posture to a horizontal posture,
Mixing the drug in a state in which the syringe is changed from a horizontal posture to an upright posture;
The drug mixing method according to claim 1. The volume of the spherical bubble is determined based on the drug and the syringe and needle data.
The medicine mixing method according to claim 1 or 2. Based on the volume of the spherical bubbles, a transport speed for transporting the syringe is determined.
The medicine mixing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The volume of the spherical bubbles is set so as not to exceed the maximum diameter of the spherical bubbles calculated from the surface tension and specific gravity of the drug.
The method for mixing medicines according to any one of claims 1 to 4. If the diameter of the spherical bubble is d, the surface tension of the drug is σ, the liquid specific gravity of the drug is ρ, and the acceleration of gravity is g, the maximum diameter d _{max of the} spherical bubble is d _max = 2 × √ Defined by (3σ / ρ × g)
The method for mixing medicines according to claim 5. When the needle diameter of the needle is 16 G, the needle length is 0.5 inch, and the volume of the syringe is 20 ml, the lower limit of the volume of the spherical bubbles is 0,05 ml.
The medicine mixing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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