JP2014149059A - Gas filling device and gas filling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention achieves gas filling that does not require a booster pump, and reduces the size of the apparatus and shortens the filling time.
In a gas filling device (11) for filling a filling container (12) with a vaporized gas so as to have a predetermined pressure, an amount suitable for filling the filling container (12) with the vaporized gas of the predetermined pressure at room temperature. The temporary storage insulation container 14 having a heat insulation function for storing the liquefied gas and the fluid outlet 14a of the temporary storage insulation container 14 and the fluid inlet 12a of the filling container 12 are connected to the filling container from the temporary storage insulation container 14 12 includes a communication passage 15 serving as a passage for introducing hydrogen gas. The communication passage 15 includes opening / closing means 15a and 15b for opening and closing the fluid outlet 14a and the fluid inlet 12a, a buffer means 21 for reducing the momentum of the gas flow passing through, and a warming section 22 having a temperature for vaporizing liquefied hydrogen. The introduction vaporization unit 15f and the attachment / detachment unit 15c for detachably connecting the filling container 12 are provided.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for filling various kinds of gas into a filling container, and more specifically, a gas filling apparatus suitably used for filling hydrogen gas required for, for example, a fuel cell vehicle or a hydrogen engine vehicle. About.

  As a gas filling apparatus that fills a filling container with hydrogen gas, an apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is disclosed.

  This gas filling device is configured to mix a low temperature and high pressure hydrogen gas and a normal temperature and high pressure hydrogen gas into a filling container. The low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas is obtained by compressing liquid hydrogen with a pressure pump and increasing the pressure, and then evaporating and raising the temperature with a heating means. The room temperature and high pressure hydrogen gas is supplied from an air reservoir filled with room temperature and high pressure hydrogen gas.

  In this way, the filling is performed by mixing the low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas and the normal-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas, because the hydrogen gas becomes a high temperature close to 100 ° C. due to compression when filling. This is because there is a possibility that it cannot withstand heat. If the temperature of the hydrogen gas to be filled is lowered to, for example, −40 ° C. to −20 ° C. by mixing the low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas and the normal-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas, the temperature of the filling container can be reduced even if rapid filling is performed. For example, it is supposed to be suppressed to about 80 ° C.

  However, since a booster pump, an air accumulator, etc. are needed, an apparatus will enlarge. In particular, since the booster pump can increase the filling speed as the capacity increases, a large pump is required for rapid filling, and the size of the apparatus is unavoidable. When the apparatus is large, problems such as inability to effectively use the space are likely to occur particularly in a hydrogen supply station.

  In addition, since the increase in size of the booster pump is limited in terms of the space, there is a limit to shortening the filling time.

JP 2008-196590 A

  Accordingly, the main object of the present invention is to allow the filling apparatus to be reduced in size and to be filled in a shorter time.

  The means for that is a gas filling device that fills the filling container with a predetermined pressure so that the filling container has a predetermined pressure, which is suitable for filling the filling container with the vaporization gas of the predetermined pressure at room temperature. A temporary storage heat insulating container having a heat insulating function for storing an amount of liquefied gas, and a vaporized gas from the temporary storage heat insulating container to the filling container by connecting between the fluid outlet of the temporary storage heat insulating container and the fluid inlet of the filling container A communication passage serving as a passage for introducing gas, and the communication passage includes an opening / closing means for opening and closing the fluid outlet, a buffer means for reducing the momentum of the gas flow passing through, and a liquefied gas. It is a gas filling device including an introduction vaporization section having a warming section for heating and vaporization, and an attachment / detachment section for detachably connecting the filling container.

  Another means for solving the problem is a gas filling method for filling a filling container with a vaporized gas so as to have a predetermined pressure, provided with a temporary storage heat insulation container having a heat insulation function, and for the temporary storage heat insulation container Supply an amount of liquefied gas commensurate with filling the vaporized gas at the predetermined pressure at room temperature, and open the openable and closable communication passage detachably communicating with the liquefied gas to the filling container. The liquefied gas introduced into the filling container is relaxed by the buffer means provided in the communication path, and the liquefied gas is introduced into the filling container by the warm air portion formed in the communication path. In this gas filling method, vaporization is performed to fill the filling container with the vaporized gas in a low temperature state, and the communication path is closed when the inside of the temporary storage heat insulation container and the filling container become the same pressure.

  The “predetermined pressure” refers to a predetermined pressure. For example, in the case of a hydrogen gas filled container, there are 150 atm (15 MPa), 350 atm (35 MPa), and 700 atm (70 MPa).

  The “liquefied gas” is a liquid gas, and the “vaporized gas” is a gas in a state where the liquefied gas is vaporized. The term simply “gas” indicates a meaning including at least one of a vaporized gas and a liquefied gas, or both.

  In these configurations, when the liquefied gas supplied to the temporary storage insulation container is introduced into the communication passage communicating with the filling container, the liquefied gas heated to a temperature higher than the critical temperature is immediately vaporized, and the vaporized gas is at the pressure at this time. Flow into the filling container. When the liquefied gas or the vaporized gas flows, the momentum of the gas flow is relaxed by the buffering means, so that the shock due to the temperature and the wave applied to the filling container is eased despite the rapid pressure rise. All of the liquefied gas in the temporary storage insulation container becomes vaporized gas, and the vaporized gas is in the same pressure state from the temporary storage insulation container to the filling container. At this time, the temperature of the vaporized gas is slightly higher than the critical temperature. The amount of the liquefied gas supplied to the temporary storage insulation container is an amount suitable for filling the filling container and the temporary storage insulation container with a gas of a predetermined pressure at room temperature. The amount of vaporized gas in the container is a predetermined amount. After filling, the fluid outlet of the temporary storage insulation container and the fluid inlet of the filling container are closed. After filling, the temperature of the vaporized gas in the filling container rises, and the pressure increases as it approaches the room temperature from the low temperature state, and reaches a predetermined pressure when the room temperature is reached.

  According to this invention, the filling of the vaporized gas is not performed by the booster pump, but the movement of the liquefied gas and the moving liquefied gas are rapidly vaporized, so that a booster pump, an air accumulator or the like is unnecessary. Therefore, the size of the entire apparatus can be reduced. Moreover, the configuration is simple and can be manufactured at low cost.

  Since the amount of gas necessary to achieve the predetermined pressure is moved and vaporized in the liquefied gas state, the filling and boosting can be performed in a shorter time. As a result, at the time of use in a place such as a hydrogen supply station, it is possible to charge at least as quickly as filling gasoline or more, which will greatly contribute to future use of hydrogen energy.

Schematic configuration diagram of gas filling device Sectional drawing of an introduction vaporization part. The control circuit block diagram of a gas filling apparatus. The partially broken sectional view of the introduction vaporization part and filling container concerning other examples. Sectional drawing of the introduction vaporization part which concerns on another example. The partially broken side view of the heating means which concerns on another example. Sectional drawing of the introduction vaporization part which concerns on another example. The schematic block diagram of the gas filling apparatus which concerns on another example.

An embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gas filling device 11 for filling a vaporized gas. In this example, a gas filling device 11 for filling hydrogen gas as a vaporized gas will be described.

  This gas filling device 11 is a device for filling hydrogen gas in a filling container 12 to a predetermined pressure, and is a device for vaporizing liquefied hydrogen as a liquefied gas into hydrogen gas for filling.

  The predetermined pressure is a numerical value that is appropriately determined according to a desired usage form of the filling container 12. For example, in the filling container 12 of 700 atm (70 MPa) mounted on the fuel cell vehicle, hydrogen gas is set to 700 atm. Compress to fill.

  The gas filling device 11 includes a low-temperature storage tank 13 having a heat insulation function, a temporary storage heat insulation container 14 having the same heat insulation function, and a communication path 15 that communicates the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 and the filling container 12. .

  The low temperature storage tank 13 is a part for storing the liquefied hydrogen X, and normally the liquefied hydrogen X is kept in a saturated state, for example, about 28K. The capacity of the low temperature storage tank 13 is set as appropriate.

  The temporary storage thermal insulation container 14 is a part for temporarily storing an amount of liquefied hydrogen X necessary for one filling of the filling container 12. The necessary amount is an amount commensurate with bringing the filling container 12 and the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 into the state filled with the hydrogen gas of the predetermined pressure when the liquefied hydrogen X reaches room temperature. The capacity | capacitance of the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 is set according to this quantity.

  In order to supply the liquefied hydrogen X from the low temperature storage tank 13, the bottom of the low temperature storage tank 13 and the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 are connected by a liquefied hydrogen supply path 16. The liquefied hydrogen supply path 16 has a liquefied hydrogen supply valve 17a composed of an electromagnetic valve, and the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 is provided with a liquid level gauge 18 for detecting the amount of liquefied hydrogen X supplied.

  The communication path 15 is a path for connecting the fluid outlet 14a of the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 and the fluid inlet 12a of the filling container 12 to introduce hydrogen gas from the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 to the filling container 12. is there. The communication path 15 does not have a heat insulating function.

  At both ends of the communication passage 15, an opening / closing valve 15 a as an opening / closing means for opening / closing the fluid outlet 14 a of the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 and an opening / closing valve 15 b as an opening / closing means for opening / closing the fluid inlet 12 a of the filling container 12 are provided. . A part of the communication passage 15 on the side of the opening / closing valve 15b of the fluid inlet 12a is provided with an attaching / detaching portion 15c for detachably connecting the filling container 12.

  The detachable part 15c is configured by an appropriate connecting member (coupler, coupling member). When the two on-off valves 15a and 15b are connected by the detachable part 15c and open, the inside of the temporary storage and heat insulation container 14 and the inside of the filling container 12 are in communication with each other.

  In addition, the communication path 15 includes a pressure gauge 15d, a thermometer 15e, and an introduction vaporization section 15f.

  The pressure gauge 15d detects the pressure inside the communication path 15, and the thermometer 15e detects the temperature inside the communication path 15.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the introduction vaporization section 15f is a warming section having a buffer means 21 for reducing the momentum of the passing liquefied hydrogen X and hydrogen gas, and a heating means 23 for heating and vaporizing the liquefied hydrogen. 22.

  The buffer means 21 is provided so as to close the communication path 15. That is, the communication path 15 has a step portion 25 formed to have a larger diameter on the downstream side (fluid inlet 12a side) than on the upstream side (fluid outlet 14a side). It has a plate-like main body portion 21 a that abuts on the step portion 25 and closes the communication passage 15. The buffer means 21 is movable in the communication passage 15 in the longitudinal direction of the communication passage 15 and is urged by the spring 24 toward the upstream side, that is, toward the fluid outlet 14a.

  The lower end of the spring 24 is supported by a support portion 26 formed intermittently. As shown in FIG. 2B, when the buffer means 21 is lowered against the urging force of the spring 24, the liquefied hydrogen X flows from the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 toward the filling container 12.

  A through hole 21b is formed in the center of the main body 21a so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the communication passage 15 and allow the liquefied hydrogen X and hydrogen gas to pass therethrough. A cylindrical nozzle portion 21 c is formed on the upstream surface (in the direction of the fluid outlet 14 a) of the main body portion 21 a so that the through hole 21 b extends in the longitudinal direction of the communication passage 15. This nozzle part 21c injects the hydrogen gas which blows off from the downstream (filling container 12 side) as shown in FIG.2 (c).

  Such a buffer means 21 is desirably light in weight so that it can be quickly moved because the flow of the liquefied hydrogen X is hindered if the resistance is too large.

  The warm air portion 22 is a space composed of a gas phase in the vicinity of the buffer means 21 set to a temperature at which the liquefied hydrogen X having a temperature lower than the critical temperature is vaporized. The critical temperature of hydrogen is about 33K, and the low temperature storage tank 13 is maintained at a temperature of about 28K, for example. Therefore, the warm air section 22 has a temperature (about 5 to 6 ° C) that makes 28K liquefied hydrogen about 34K. Temperature difference).

  In order to form the warm air portion 22, the warming means 23 is provided below the buffer means 21. The heating means 23 is composed of appropriate means. For example, as shown to Fig.2 (a), it can comprise with the heat-medium coil etc. which let a heat medium pass. Any appropriate heat medium can be used.

  Hydrogen gas recovery paths 33 and 32 are connected to the upper portions of the low temperature storage tank 13 and the temporary storage heat insulation container 14, respectively. The hydrogen gas recovery passage 33 of the low temperature storage tank 13 recovers a gas that is vaporized by natural heat input or the like, that is, a boil off gas, and is connected to the hydrogen gas recovery tank 34.

  The hydrogen gas recovery path 32 of the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 recovers the boil-off gas and the hydrogen gas remaining after the filling of the filling container 12 with the hydrogen gas, and is also connected to the hydrogen gas recovery tank 34. The hydrogen gas recovery path 32 has an electromagnetic valve 17c. A communication path 32a communicating with the low temperature storage tank 13 is provided in the middle of the hydrogen gas recovery path 32, and the communication path 32a is also provided with an electromagnetic valve 17b.

  The hydrogen gas recovered in the hydrogen gas recovery tank 34 by the hydrogen gas recovery paths 32 and 33 is used to fill the same filling container 12 as the filling container 12 with hydrogen gas. That is, the hydrogen gas recovery paths 32 and 33 and the hydrogen gas recovery tank 34 constitute a part of the auxiliary filling device 31.

  A hydrogen gas recovery path 35 extending downstream from the hydrogen gas recovery tank 34 of the auxiliary filling device 31 is provided with a compressor 36 for compressing hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas recovery path 35 is filled with hydrogen gas at the tip thereof. In order to fill the container, a connecting portion 37 is provided which is detachably connected to the filling container 12. The connection part is composed of an appropriate connecting member (coupler, coupling member) in the same manner as the attachment / detachment part.

  Between the compressor 36 and the connection part 37 in the hydrogen gas recovery path 35, a liquefied hydrogen introduction path 38 for mixing the liquefied hydrogen X with the hydrogen gas sent is connected. The liquefied hydrogen introduction path 38 extends from the bottom of the low temperature storage tank 13. The liquefied hydrogen introduction path 38 is provided with a booster pump 38a and a flow rate adjusting valve 39 composed of an electromagnetic valve.

  A thermometer 40 for detecting the temperature of the hydrogen gas filled in the filling container 12 is provided ahead of the connection portion of the hydrogen gas recovery passage 35 with the liquefied hydrogen introduction passage 38.

  Each part of the gas filling device 11 and the auxiliary filling device 31 is driven and controlled by a control unit 41 composed of a microcomputer or the like as shown in the control circuit block diagram of FIG.

  In addition to the liquid level gauge 18 and the pressure gauge 15d, the thermometers 15e and 40, the liquefied hydrogen supply valve 17a, the compressor 36 and the flow rate adjusting valve 39, the control unit 41 includes the volume of the filling container 12 and the predetermined capacity of the filling container 12. A storage unit 42 for storing information related to the pressure, the volume of the temporary storage and thermal insulation container 14, physical properties of hydrogen gas, and the like, an input unit 43 for performing an input operation, and the like are also connected. The control unit 41 operates each unit such as the liquefied hydrogen supply valve 17a based on a program stored in advance according to the detection results of the liquid level gauge 18, the pressure gauge 15d, and the thermometers 15e and 40 and the input operation from the input unit 43. To control.

The drive control by the control unit 41 is as follows.
When supplying the liquefied hydrogen X from the low temperature storage tank 13 to the temporary storage adiabatic container 14, the control unit 41 includes necessary information stored in the storage unit 42, information input from the input unit 43, a pressure gauge 15d, Based on the information detected by the thermometer 15e, the amount of liquefied hydrogen X to be supplied is calculated. Thereafter, the detection value of the flow meter 18 is set based on the calculation result, and the liquefied hydrogen supply valve 17a is driven. When the level gauge 18 detects a predetermined detection value, the liquefied hydrogen supply valve 17a is closed.

  When the liquefied hydrogen X is supplied to the temporary storage insulation container 14 and then filled with the filling container 12, the control unit 41 performs the filling container 12 based on the information detected by the pressure gauge 15 d and the thermometer 15 e. It is determined whether the filling amount is the initially set filling amount.

  When performing auxiliary filling, the control unit 41 drives the compressor 36 according to the input from the input unit 43, and based on the detection result from the thermometer 40 and necessary information read from the storage unit 42. The amount of liquefied hydrogen X to be mixed is calculated. Based on the calculation result, the flow rate adjustment valve 39 is driven to mix a predetermined amount of liquefied hydrogen X with the hydrogen gas sent by the compressor 36.

  The gas filling device 11 configured as described above is used as follows.

  In order to fill the hydrogen gas, first, the filling container 12 is connected to the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 via the attaching / detaching portion 15 c of the communication path 15. At this time, the on-off valves 14a and 12a are closed.

  Subsequently, the liquefied hydrogen X is supplied from the low temperature storage tank 13 to the temporary storage heat insulating container 14. The liquefied hydrogen X in the low temperature storage tank 13 and the liquefied hydrogen X supplied to the temporary storage adiabatic container 14 are at a low temperature lower than the critical temperature and at a low pressure. The supply amount of liquefied hydrogen X is calculated by the control unit 41 according to conditions such as the capacity of the temporary storage heat insulating container 14, the filling container 12, and the communication path 15, the predetermined pressure required for the filling container 12, and the like. The liquid level gauge 18, the liquefied hydrogen supply valve 17a, and the electromagnetic valves 17b and 17c are operated based on the calculation result, and a predetermined amount of liquefied hydrogen X is supplied.

  The supply of the liquefied hydrogen X and the connection between the filling container 12 and the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 may be performed in the reverse order.

  Thereafter, the two on-off valves 15 a and 15 b of the communication passage 15 are both opened, and the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 and the filling container 12 are communicated with each other via the communication passage 15. Then, the liquefied hydrogen X in the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 flows out and enters the communication path 15. Since the communication path 15 does not have a heat insulating function, the liquid hydrogen X rises in temperature and vaporizes.

  Furthermore, since the introduction vaporization part 15f of the communicating path 15 has the warming part 22 which maintains the temperature which vaporizes the liquefied hydrogen X, all the liquefied hydrogen X vaporizes in the warming part 22, and turns into hydrogen gas.

  In the introduction vaporization section 15 f of the communication path 15, the movement of the liquefied hydrogen X and the vaporized hydrogen gas is made at once, but the buffer means 21 elastically blocks and suppresses the instantaneous movement so as to block the communication path 15. To do. For this reason, an instantaneous pressure rise is suppressed, and the temperature applied to the filling container 12 or the like and the shock caused by the wave are alleviated.

  The hydrogen gas immediately flows into the filling container 12 at the pressure at the time of vaporization and fills the filling container 12. At the same time, the hydrogen gas that has flowed in first is heated in the filling container 12 at room temperature that does not have a heat insulation function, returns to the communication path 15, and moves toward the temporary storage heat insulation container 14. At this time, the hydrogen gas to be returned enters the through hole 21b of the buffer means 21, passes through the nozzle portion 21c, and vigorously enters the temporary storage heat insulating container 14. Thus, by injecting hydrogen gas from the nozzle part 21c, the liquefied hydrogen X in the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 is agitated and heated, and pushed out from the fluid outlet 14a. Therefore, the liquefied hydrogen X is vaporized in a very short time. To do.

  When all the liquefied hydrogen X in the temporary storage insulation container 14 is vaporized to become hydrogen gas, the hydrogen gas fills the communication path 15 and the filling container 12 from the temporary storage insulation container 14, and the same low-pressure low-temperature state in any part. It is. In the above example, the temperature is about 34K, which is slightly higher than the critical temperature.

  In addition, the amount of hydrogen gas X supplied to the temporary storage thermal insulation container 14 at the beginning of the filling operation is such that the filling container 12 and the temporary storage thermal insulation container 14 are filled with gas of a predetermined pressure when the room temperature is reached. Therefore, the amount of hydrogen gas in the filling container 12 is a predetermined amount. This can be confirmed because the control unit 41 determines the comparison between the calculation result based on the detection values of the pressure gauge 15d and the thermometer 15e provided in the communication passage 15 and the initially set value.

  Thereafter, the opening / closing valve 15a of the fluid outlet 14a of the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 and the opening / closing valve 15b of the fluid inlet 12a of the filling container 12 are closed. Then, it isolate | separates with the attachment / detachment part 15c, and the filling container 12 is removed.

  At the beginning of filling, the hydrogen gas in the filling container 12 is at low temperature and low pressure as described above, but the temperature rises due to natural heat input at normal temperature, and the pressure increases as the temperature approaches from the low temperature to the normal temperature. As a result, a predetermined pressure set in advance is obtained, and a filling container 12 filled with hydrogen gas in a predetermined filling state is obtained.

  When there is no residual pressure in the filling container 12 to be filled, filling is performed as described above. However, when there is residual pressure in the filling container 12 to be filled, the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 and the When the filling container 12 is communicated, the hydrogen gas in the filling container 12 is blown into the temporary storage thermal insulation container 14. Therefore, when filling, the temporary storage thermal insulation container 14 and the filling container 12 are first brought to the same pressure. There is a need to. The operation of making the pressure is the same as in the case of the hydrogen gas that flows into the filling container 12 and is heated to return, and the hydrogen gas to be blown into the temporary storage heat insulating container 14 is injected into the nozzle portion of the buffer means 21. Since it passes through 21c and enters into the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 vigorously and smoothly, it is performed quickly.

  Next, a predetermined amount of liquefied hydrogen X is supplied from the low temperature storage tank 13 to the temporary storage heat insulation container 14. As in the case described above, the predetermined amount is controlled according to conditions such as the capacity of the temporary storage heat insulating container 14, the filling container 12, and the communication passage 15, the predetermined pressure required for the filling container 12, and the residual pressure. It is obtained by the operation of the unit 41.

  Subsequently, the on-off valves 15a and 15b are opened to allow the communication passage 15 to communicate. The subsequent steps are the same as described above.

The filling by the auxiliary filling device 31 is performed as follows.
The hydrogen gas recovered in the hydrogen gas recovery tank 34 from the low-temperature storage tank 13 and the temporary storage insulation container 14 through the hydrogen gas recovery paths 32 and 33 is compressed by the compressor 36 based on the operation from the input unit 43 and is at room temperature. It becomes high-pressure hydrogen gas. This hydrogen gas is filled into the filling container 12 using the connecting portion 37. In order to prevent the compression heat from being generated and high temperature when filling, the liquefied hydrogen X introduced from the liquefied hydrogen introduction passage 38 is prevented. Is mixed to lower the hydrogen gas temperature before filling.

  That is, the control unit 41 detects the temperature of the hydrogen gas to be filled with the thermometer 40 provided in the vicinity of the connection unit 37, and considers the filling speed and the like so as to be a predetermined temperature, The amount of liquefied hydrogen X to be mixed is calculated, and the flow rate adjusting valve 39 is driven based on the calculation result.

  The liquefied hydrogen X mixed with high-pressure hydrogen gas at normal temperature is heated and vaporized immediately, the temperature of the hydrogen gas is lowered, and the high-pressure hydrogen gas is filled into the filling container at a relatively low temperature. Since the hydrogen gas to be filled is at a low temperature, the filling container 12 is not overheated by the compression heat.

  The gas filling device 11 and the auxiliary filling device 31 are configured as described above. As a result of filling the gas as described above, the following effects are obtained.

  The filling of the hydrogen gas into the filling container 12 by the gas filling device 11 is not performed by using a booster pump, but is performed by vaporizing liquefied hydrogen. Therefore, unlike the prior art, the booster pump and the liquefied hydrogen to be filled are not charged. An air reservoir for adjusting the temperature is not required. As a result, the apparatus can be reduced in size. Since the configuration is also simple, manufacturing costs and running costs can be suppressed. Maintenance is also easy.

  Since the introduction vaporization part 15f which introduces hydrogen gas into the filling container 12 has the buffer means 21, the rapid movement of the liquefied hydrogen X can be buffered, so that the safety of the apparatus can be ensured.

  Since the warm air section 22 of the introduction vaporization section 15f includes the heating means 23, the liquefied hydrogen X can be heated without being affected by the ambient temperature or the difference in season. Therefore, desired vaporization can be performed reliably.

  Since a booster pump is not used for filling, a quick filling operation in a short time is possible, unlike mechanical filling. Since quick filling that is not possible in the past can be performed, the use at a hydrogen station can be facilitated particularly when used for hydrogen for driving an automobile. In other words, it can greatly contribute to the use of hydrogen energy expected in the future.

  Moreover, since the auxiliary filling device 31 is provided and the boil-off gas and the hydrogen gas in the temporary storage and insulation container 14 are effectively used, it is possible to prevent waste. Efficient hydrogen supply can be performed by using the gas filling device 11 for quick filling and the auxiliary filling device 31 for filling with sufficient time.

  Hereinafter, other examples will be described. In this description, parts that are the same as or equivalent to those in the above configuration are given the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of the introduction vaporization section 15f and the filling container 12 according to another example. As shown in this figure, the heating means 23 that forms the warm air portion 22 of the introduction vaporization portion 15 f is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the filling container 12. Since the filling container 12 and the introduction vaporization part 15f are connected, the warming part 22 can also be formed by the heating means 23 in the filling container 12. That is, the heating means 23 may be formed in a portion other than the warm air portion 22.

  The heating means 23 is configured by a heating layer 12c formed on the inner peripheral surface of the filling container 12 with a gap 12b. The heating layer 12c is formed in a shape substantially similar to the entire inner peripheral surface of the filling container 12, and has a large number of ventilation portions 12d that communicate with the inside and outside and allow hydrogen gas to pass through the gap 12b on the outer periphery side, and for heat exchange. It has a heat exchange coil 12e.

  As a result of providing the heating means 23 in the filling container 12, it is only necessary to form the buffer means 21 in the introduction vaporization section 22.

  The gas filling device 11 having such a configuration achieves the same effects as described above. In addition, since the filling container 12 has the heating means 23, even when the filling container 12 is a heat insulating container, it is possible to positively raise the temperature to room temperature after filling with low-temperature and low-pressure hydrogen gas. There is an effect that a predetermined filling state can be obtained smoothly.

  Further, since the heating means 23 formed of the heating layer 12c is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the filling container 12, even when the vaporized hydrogen gas flows into the filling container 12 at once, the filling container due to a temperature difference or an impact. The load on 12 is reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent the filling container 12 from being accidentally damaged.

  The heating means 23 may be provided in both the introduction vaporization section 15f and the filling container 12.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the buffer means 21, and the buffer means 21 is formed in a substantially conical shape. The outer peripheral surface has a tapered surface 21d that narrows toward the tip side. A portion of the inner surface of the communication path 15 facing the tapered surface 21 d has an inclined surface 28.

  Unlike the buffer means 21 of the above example, the buffer means 21 does not have a portion protruding in a flat plate shape, so that the size of the buffer member 21 can be made as small as possible. Since the size can be suppressed, the resistance to the liquefied gas is prevented from becoming too large, and the filling rate can be maintained.

  FIG. 6 is a partially broken side view showing another example of the heating means 23 provided in the introduction vaporization section 15f. The heating means 23 has a structure in which a plurality of fins 23c are provided on the outer periphery of a nozzle portion 23b having a through hole 23a at the center, and a heat exchange coil 23d is held at the root portion of the fins 23c.

  When the heating means 23 is provided with the nozzle portion 23b as described above, the heating means 23 can smoothly eject the hydrogen gas blown from the filling container 12 or the liquefied hydrogen X in the temporary storage heat insulation container 14 as described above. Can be stirred.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a buffering means 21 according to another example. The buffering means 21 also has a function of a heating means 23.

  The buffer means 21 has a plate-like main body portion 21a having a shape that closes the communication passage 15, and has a nozzle portion 21c that protrudes in the double-side direction at the center of the main body portion. Below the main body 21a in the nozzle portion 21c, there are a plurality of fins 23c projecting radially in the outer circumferential direction, and a long hole 21f that is long in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle portion 21c is provided at the root of these fins 23c. The long hole 21f is a part that holds the heat exchange coil 23d so as to be movable relative to the buffer means 21 in the vertical direction. That is, when the buffer means 21 is moved up by the biasing force of the spring 24 as shown in FIG. 7A, the communication path is closed, and the biasing force of the spring 24 is reduced as shown in FIG. When the buffer means 21 is pushed down and moves down, the communication path 15 is in a communication state.

  In such a configuration, in addition to the above-described effects, there is an advantage that the introduction vaporization portion 15f can be formed small while having the heating means 23.

  FIG. 8 shows an example in which the gas filling device 11 is connected to an existing gas filling device 51.

  The existing gas filling device 51 includes a booster pump 53 and a vaporizer 54 in a gas filling path 52 extending from the bottom of the low temperature storage tank 13. The booster pump 53 compresses and boosts the supplied liquefied hydrogen X. The vaporizer 54 vaporizes the pressurized liquid hydrogen X into hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas obtained through the vaporizer has a high pressure at room temperature.

  A liquefied hydrogen mixing path 55 for mixing the liquefied hydrogen X passed through the booster pump 53 and the hydrogen gas passed through the vaporizer 54 is connected from the front stage to the rear stage of the vaporizer 54.

  A gas recovery path 35 extending from the hydrogen gas recovery tank 34 that recovers boil-off gas or the like is connected to a downstream side of a connection portion between the vaporizer 54 and the liquefied hydrogen mixing path 55 in the gas filling path 52.

  In the existing gas filling device 51 to which the gas filling device 11 is connected in this way, in consideration of the fact that compression heat is generated when filling the filling container 12 with hydrogen gas at room temperature and high pressure in the gas filling passage 52, Filling is performed at a predetermined low temperature.

  Even with such an apparatus, the same effects as described above can be obtained. In particular, since the existing gas filling device 51 can be used, there is no waste, and it is possible to improve the efficiency of filling by using quick filling and filling without urgent use.

In correspondence between the configuration of the present invention and the configuration of the one aspect,
The vaporized gas of the present invention corresponds to the hydrogen gas,
Similarly,
The liquefied gas corresponds to liquefied hydrogen X,
The opening / closing means corresponds to the opening / closing valves 15a, 15b,
The vaporized gas recovery path corresponds to the hydrogen gas recovery paths 32, 33, 35,
The present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and other configurations can be adopted.

  For example, the vaporized gas or the liquefied gas may be helium, oxygen, nitrogen or the like in addition to hydrogen.

  Either the buffer unit 21 or the heating unit 23 may be arranged first.

  The buffer means 21 may not be moved but may be fixedly present so as to simply block the communication path.

  The heating means 23 can be omitted depending on the surrounding environment of the communication path 15 because the communication path 15 does not have a heat insulating function.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Gas filling apparatus 12 ... Filling container 12a ... Fluid inlet 12b ... Clearance 12c ... Heating layer 14 ... Temporary storage heat insulation container 14a ... Fluid outlet 15 ... Communication path 15a, 15b ... Opening / closing valve 15c ... Detachable part 15f ... Introducing vaporization part DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Buffer means 21b ... Through-hole 21c ... Nozzle part 22 ... Warm-up part 23 ... Heating means 23a ... Through-hole 23b ... Nozzle part 24 ... Spring 32, 33, 35 ... Hydrogen gas recovery path 37 ... Connection part 38 ... Liquid hydrogen Introduction path X ... Liquid hydrogen

Claims (9)

A gas filling device that fills a filling container with a predetermined pressure so that a vaporized gas is obtained,
A temporary storage heat insulating container having a heat insulating function for storing an amount of liquefied gas commensurate with filling the vaporized gas of the predetermined pressure into the filled container at room temperature;
A communication passage serving as a passage for connecting the fluid outlet of the temporary storage insulation container and the fluid inlet of the filling container to introduce vaporized gas from the temporary storage insulation container to the filling container;
In the communication path, the fluid outlet and the opening and closing means for opening and closing the fluid inlet,
Buffer means for reducing the momentum of the gas flow passing through, and an introduction vaporization section having a warming section for heating and vaporizing the liquefied gas;
The gas filling apparatus provided with the attaching / detaching part which connects the said filling container so that isolation | separation is possible. 2. The gas filling according to claim 1, wherein the buffer means is provided so as to close the communication path, is movable in a longitudinal direction of the communication path in the communication path, and is biased toward the fluid outlet. apparatus. The gas filling device according to claim 1, wherein the buffer means includes a through hole through which gas passes in a longitudinal direction of the communication path. The gas filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the introduction vaporization unit includes a nozzle that injects vaporized gas that extends in a longitudinal direction of the communication path and blows out from the filling container side. . The gas filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a heating means for forming the warm air portion is provided in the introduction vaporization portion. 6. The heating layer according to claim 1, wherein a heating layer for heating is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the filling container with a ventilation portion through which vaporized gas passes on the outer peripheral side with a gap. The gas filling device as described. A vaporized gas recovery path for recovering vaporized gas is connected to the temporary storage insulation container,
The vaporized gas recovery path is equipped with a compressor,
A liquefied gas introduction path for mixing liquefied gas is connected to a position ahead of the compressor in the vaporized gas recovery path,
The gas filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a connection portion for filling the filling container with the vaporized gas at a tip of the vaporized gas recovery path. A gas filling method of filling a vaporized gas into a filling container so as to have a predetermined pressure,
A temporary storage insulation container having an insulation function is provided,
Supplying the liquefied gas in an amount commensurate with filling the vaporized gas of the predetermined pressure at room temperature with respect to the temporary storage insulation container;
The liquefied gas is introduced into the filling container by opening an openable and closable communication path that is detachably connected to the filling container.
For the liquefied gas introduced into the filling container, the gas flow is reduced by the buffer means provided in the communication passage, and the liquefied gas is vaporized by the warm air portion formed in the communication passage. Fill the filling container in a low temperature state,
A gas filling method for closing a communication path when the inside of the temporary storage heat insulation container and the filling container have the same pressure. The gas filling method according to claim 8, wherein the vaporized gas is collected from the temporary storage heat insulation container and compressed by a compressor, and then the vaporized gas is filled in the filling container while mixing and cooling the liquefied gas.

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