JP2014144162A - Artificial hip joint socket and attachment jig therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an artificial hip joint socket capable of easily positioning a cup in correct position and direction and stably fixing the socket, and to provide a jig for stably attaching the socket having a leg on an outer peripheral surface, in correct position and direction.SOLUTION: An artificial hip joint is formed of one member in an approximately hemispherical shell shape, and is configured in which three legs 3 extend radially at approximately regular intervals on an outer peripheral surface of an opening side groove part of a hemispherical cup 2. The legs 3 can be bent along a surface orthogonal to the opening surface of the cup, and a screw hole 4 or a taper is provided at a top end part of each leg 3. A jig includes: a pelvis abutting part at a tip end part which abuts to a pelvis; a cutting tool guiding cylinder part, a cylindrical hollow of which a rotary cutting tool can be inserted into; and screw guide holes for screws screwed into the screw holes at the tip end of the socket. The tip end of the jig has a shape that covers more than a half around the hemispherical opening side groove part and the all legs, and also has a shape that fits to a surface shape around an acetabulum in which the socket is embedded. Further, an axial direction of the cylindrical part is aligned with a direction of cutting the acetabulum.

Description

  The present invention relates to an artificial hip joint socket used as a support structure for an artificial hip joint for recovering a malfunction of a hip joint of a human or an animal, and a jig for mounting the same.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the hip prosthesis is generally composed of components such as an artificial bone (stem) 12 having a spherical head 11 at the tip and a hemispherical socket 10. The main body portion of the stem 12 is a portion that is inserted and fixed in the medullary cavity of the femur 18, and a neck portion 14 is formed on the stem 12, and the spherical head 11 is disposed in this portion. The socket 10 is attached to the acetabulum 19 after removing the hip joint head, the spherical head 11 is fitted inside the spherical shell of the socket 10, and the stem 12 is configured to freely rotate around the socket 10. Has been.

  As a method of attaching the above-mentioned artificial hip joint socket to the pelvis of a living body, for example, the pelvis near the femur is cut into a hemispherical shape, the socket 10 is inserted, and the pelvis is screwed using the hole at the bottom of the cup of the socket 10. And the spherical head 11 is inserted into the socket 10. A device has been devised to increase the friction between the cup and the pelvis, for example, by cutting a shallow groove in the cup cup of the socket 10, thereby suppressing the rotation of the cup and improving the stability.

Further, the socket 10 is composed of a base member attached to the pelvis bone and a cup for accommodating the artificial hip joint, and the tongue opposing the two flaps and the flap projecting radially adjacent to the base member. Is known (see Patent Document 1, Paragraph 0050, FIGS. 1 to 3). In the socket disclosed in Patent Document 1, the base member of the socket can be stably attached to the pelvis by the flap and the tongue.
Further, a socket is known in which the socket 10 includes a support ring and a cup, and the support ring includes a mounting strap (see Patent Document 2 and FIG. 1).

JP 2009-534062 A JP 7-000434 A

  When attaching the socket of the artificial hip joint to the pelvis of a living body, it is necessary to adjust and fix the position and direction of the socket cup, but there is a problem that it is difficult to perform this operation. This is especially true when the artificial hip socket is attached to a small animal. Also, when fixing to the pelvis with screws using only the hole at the bottom of the socket cup, for example, if the bone thickness of the pelvis is insufficient like a small animal, the socket is screwed only with the hole at the bottom of the cup. There is a problem that it is difficult, and there is a problem that it is difficult to fix the socket because the screw used is thin because it is intended for small animals. Moreover, if the direction in which the screw is once built in the hole at the bottom of the cup is wrong, it is difficult to correct the position and direction of the cup.

On the other hand, in the case of the socket disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above, a flap or an attachment strap is provided, and in addition to the hole at the bottom of the cup, a hole is provided in the flap or the attachment strap to form a screw hole. It is devised so that it can be fixed stably.
However, the sockets disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are module-type sockets, and the cup and the base member and the support ring that support the cup are configured as separate modules, and the periphery of the base member and the support ring. There are flaps and attachment straps. Since it is such a structure and the procedure of attaching the cup after mounting the base member and the support ring, it is correct to target the position and direction of the cup (here, the direction means the direction of the central axis of the cup) It was still difficult to fix the socket according to the position and direction.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a socket for an artificial hip joint that can easily adjust the position and direction of the cup of the socket to the correct position and direction and can stably fix the socket.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a mounting jig for stably mounting an artificial hip joint socket having legs on the outer peripheral surface of a socket cup in a correct position and direction.

In order to solve the above problems, the socket for an artificial hip joint of the present invention is mounted on the pelvis side after removing the bone head and slides a spherical head fixed to the neck portion of an artificial bone (stem) embedded in the bone side. A socket for an artificial hip joint, which is movably supported and is shaped as one member in a substantially hemispherical shell, has the following features 1) and 2).
1) The concave spherical surface portion of the socket that receives the spherical head is formed to extend beyond the hemispherical line so as to cover the spherical head beyond the diameter equatorial plane, and the hemispherical shell-shaped opening side wall A cut groove is provided in the part.
2) At least three legs are provided at substantially equal intervals in the radially extending direction on the outer circumferential surface of the hemispherical opening-side collar, and the legs can be bent along a plane perpendicular to the hemispherical opening. It has a structure, and a screw hole or a taper is provided at the tip of the leg.

  The socket for an artificial hip joint according to the present invention is formed with a single member in a substantially hemispherical shell shape, and a cut groove is provided in the heel portion on the opening side of the hemispherical shell, so after fixing the socket to the pelvis, It can be easily inserted into the concave spherical surface of the socket. Further, the concave spherical portion of the socket is formed to extend beyond the hemispherical line so as to cover the spherical head beyond the diameter equator plane, so that the spherical head is inserted after the spherical head is inserted into the socket. It cannot be easily removed from the concave spherical surface of the socket.

In addition, since the socket is formed of a single member in a substantially hemispherical shell shape, when a small animal or the like is mounted, even if the socket becomes small, the number of members is one and the mounting to the pelvis is easy.
In addition, since at least three legs are provided at substantially equal intervals in the radially extending direction on the outer peripheral surface of the hemispherical opening-side flange, the socket is not screwed only with the hole at the bottom of the cup. The socket can be stably fixed by screwing into the screw hole at the tip of the leg.
Moreover, you may form the taper with the convex to the pelvis side, without providing a screw hole in the front-end | tip part of a leg. In this case, the leg is fixed at a position where the leg is pushed slightly to the pelvis side.

Since the leg has a structure that can be bent along a plane perpendicular to the opening surface of the hemispherical shell, the leg is bent along the pelvis in advance along the pelvis adjacent to the periphery of the socket, or pliers Adjust the leg bend with etc. and fix the socket stably by screwing the tip part or pushing the taper part into the pelvis.
By the leaf spring action of the leg portion, the cup is fixed in a state of being pressed against the entire cutting hole, and it is possible to prevent initial loosening and promote adhesion with the pelvis by the regenerated bone of the cup. In order to promote adhesion with the pelvis by the regenerated bone, it is more preferable to perform a surface treatment that promotes bonding with the regenerated bone on the outer periphery of the cup.

  The length of the leg can be determined in advance based on the shape of the pelvis near the femur from an X-ray photograph or the like. It is most stable and preferable that at least three legs are provided at substantially equal intervals in the radial direction. Even with only one leg or two legs, there is a fixing effect, but it is not sufficient to easily adjust the position and direction of the socket cup to the correct position and direction. Roughly place the socket cup, move the cup to the optimal position and orientation, and bend the three legs along the pelvis. When the three legs are bent along the pelvis, the position and direction of the cup are stabilized without screwing the tip of the leg or the bottom of the cup. It is possible to confirm whether the cup is in the ideal position and orientation before fixing the tip of the leg, so the position and orientation of the cup can be corrected by bending the leg as many times as possible without damaging the pelvis. can do. After confirmation, the cup is fixed to the pelvis in the ideal position and direction by screwing or pushing the taper through the screw holes at the tips of the three legs. If it deviates from the ideal at the time of confirmation, it can be brought closer to the ideal position by correcting the way the legs are bent.

  As compared with the case of fixing with one screw to the bottom of the cup as in a conventional socket, the fixing strength is remarkably improved by fixing with three legs. As a result, it is not always necessary to screw the bottom of the cup, the shape of the cup is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Further, when targeting small animals, it is easy to secure a screw hole or a taper because the tip of the leg can be made large even if the cup radius decreases.

  In the conventional processing technology, it was very expensive to process such a socket with three legs, but in recent years RP (Rapid Prototyping) molding, which is a cross-sectional lamination method using metal powder, is used. When used, it can be easily molded. Since the ideal position and direction of the cup can be determined by acquiring three-dimensional image data of the pelvis by X-ray CT or the like, the bending method of the three legs can be processed before the operation.

The socket is made of metal that is not harmful to the living body, specifically titanium, titanium alloy, chromium / cobalt / molybdenum alloy, or ceramic material, and the legs are also made of the same material. preferable.
The socket is stably fixed by bending the leg along the pelvis adjacent to the periphery of the socket and fixing the tip. The legs are intended for initial fixation, and the leg material should be uniform and thick enough to increase the bending width with pliers during surgery.
In addition, you may use a hinge mechanism regarding the structure which can be bent in a leg.

Next, the mounting jig of the present invention will be described.
A mounting jig according to a first aspect of the present invention is a mounting jig for mounting the artificial hip joint socket according to the present invention on the pelvis, and includes the following features 1a) to 1c). .
1a) A pelvis contact portion that comes into contact with the pelvis, a cylindrical portion for a cutting tool guide into which a rotary cutting tool can be inserted into a cylindrical hollow, and a screw guide hole for a screw to be screwed into a screw hole at a tip end portion of a socket leg. Prepare.
1b) The pelvis contact portion has a shape that covers the entire circumference of the hemispherical opening-side collar of the socket and covers all the legs, and a shape that matches the surface shape around the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded. .
1c) The axial direction of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion is made to coincide with the direction of cutting the acetabulum.

According to the mounting jig having the above-described configuration, the cutting angle of the cutting tool and the depth of cutting which have been studied in advance can be easily realized with respect to the cutting of the acetabulum of the pelvis for inserting the cup. Can be mounted stably in the correct position and direction. The preliminary examination is performed by acquiring three-dimensional image data of the pelvis by X-ray CT or the like.
The pelvis contact part, which is the tip of the mounting jig, is manufactured for each subject by RP molding based on the three-dimensional data of the surface around the acetabulum on the surface of the pelvis, and the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded The shape is matched to the surface shape of the surrounding area. That is, the surface shape of the periphery of the acetabulum and the surface shape of the distal end portion of the mounting jig are set such that one concave portion and the convex portion are fitted to the other convex portion and the concave portion.
At the center of the mounting jig, there is a cylindrical portion for cutting tool guide capable of inserting the rotary cutting tool into the hollow cylinder, and the rotary cutting tool is guided in the intended direction using the hollow cylindrical hole as a guide. Therefore, the central axis direction of the hollow cylinder is made to coincide with the direction of cutting the acetabulum of the pelvis.

The mounting jig according to the second aspect of the present invention is a mounting jig for mounting the artificial hip joint socket according to the present invention on the pelvis, and features 2a) to 2c) below. Is provided.
2a) For cutting tool guide capable of inserting a rotary cutting tool into a hollow cylinder and at least three pelvic contact portions provided at all the screw holes or taper positions at the tip of the socket leg of the mounting jig A cylindrical portion.
2b) The pelvic contact portion has a surface shape around the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded, and has a shape that matches the surface shape of the screw hole or taper.
2c) The axial direction of the cylindrical part for cutting tool guide is made to coincide with the direction of cutting the acetabulum.

  According to the mounting jig of the above configuration, the cutting tool insertion examined in advance with respect to the cutting of the pelvic acetabulum for inserting the cup, as in the mounting jig of the first aspect of the present invention. The angle and the cutting depth can be easily realized, and the socket cup can be stably mounted in the correct position and direction. The preliminary examination is performed by acquiring three-dimensional image data of the pelvis by X-ray CT or the like.

The mounting jig according to the third aspect of the present invention is mounted on the pelvis side after removing the bone head, and slides a spherical head fixed to the neck portion of an artificial bone (stem) embedded in the bone side. A mounting jig for mounting a socket for an artificial hip joint, which is movably supported and shaped in a substantially hemispherical shell, to the pelvis, and includes the following features 3a) to 3c).
Here, the socket is provided with a plurality of legs on the outer peripheral surface of the hemispherical opening-side collar, a screw hole is provided at the tip of the leg, and the leg extends along a plane perpendicular to the hemispherical opening. And can be bent.
3a) A pelvis contact portion that comes into contact with the pelvis, a cylindrical portion for a cutting tool guide into which a rotary cutting tool can be inserted into a hollow cylinder, and a screw guide hole for a screw to be screwed into a screw hole at a tip end portion of a socket leg. Prepare.
3b) The pelvis contact portion has a shape that covers all of the legs and a half or more of the hemispherical opening-side collar portion of the socket, and a shape that matches the surface shape around the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded. .
3c) The axial direction of the cylindrical portion is made to coincide with the direction of cutting the acetabulum.

As with the mounting jig of the first aspect, the mounting tool of the third aspect is a cutting tool that has been studied in advance for cutting the pelvis of the pelvis for inserting the cup. The insertion angle and cutting depth can be easily realized, and the socket cup can be stably mounted in the correct position and direction.
Here, the mounting jig according to the third aspect is not limited to the above-described artificial hip joint socket of the present invention, the socket is provided with a plurality of legs on the outer peripheral surface of the hemispherical shell-shaped opening side collar, Any screw hole may be provided at the tip of the leg so that the leg can be bent along a plane perpendicular to the hemispherical opening.

The mounting jig according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is mounted on the pelvis side after removing the bone head and slides a spherical head fixed to the neck portion of an artificial bone (stem) embedded in the bone side. A mounting jig for mounting on a pelvis a socket for an artificial hip joint that is shaped to have a substantially hemispherical shape and is supported movably, and includes the following features 4a) to 4c).
Here, the socket is a surface in which a plurality of legs are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hemispherical opening side collar, a screw hole or a taper is provided at the tip of the leg, and the leg is orthogonal to the hemispherical opening surface. It can be bent along.
4a) It has at least three pelvic contact portions provided at all screw holes or taper positions at the tip of the socket leg, and a cutting tool guide cylindrical portion into which the rotary cutting tool can be inserted into the hollow cylinder.
4b) The pelvis contact portion has a surface shape around the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded, and has a shape that matches the surface shape of the screw hole or taper.
4c) The axial direction of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion is aligned with the direction of cutting the acetabulum.

The mounting tool according to the fourth aspect is the same as the mounting jig according to the second aspect. The cutting tool has been studied in advance for cutting the acetabulum of the pelvis for inserting the cup. The insertion angle and cutting depth can be easily realized, and the socket cup can be stably mounted in the correct position and direction.
Here, the mounting jig according to the fourth aspect is not limited to the above-mentioned artificial hip joint socket of the present invention, the socket is provided with a plurality of legs on the outer peripheral surface of the hemispherical shell-shaped opening side collar, Any screw hole or taper may be provided at the tip of the leg so that the leg can be bent along a plane perpendicular to the hemispherical opening.

  In the mounting jigs according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention described above, the length from the front end portion to the rear end portion of the cylindrical portion for the cutting tool guide is such that the rotary cutting tool uses the acetabulum of the pelvis. It is designed so that the rear end abuts against a stopper of the rotary cutting tool when it is cut to a predetermined depth.

  When the rotary cutting tool cuts the acetabulum of the pelvis to a predetermined depth, the rotary cutting tool is made to come into contact with the stopper of the rotary cutting tool so that the rear end portion of the cylindrical portion for the cutting tool guide contacts the pelvis. It is possible to avoid cutting the acetabulum too much beyond a predetermined depth.

  According to the socket for an artificial hip joint of the present invention, the position and direction of the cup can be easily adjusted to the correct position and direction, and the socket can be stably fixed. In particular, when fixing with three legs, the fixing strength is remarkably improved. Therefore, it is not always necessary to screw the bottom of the cup, and the shape of the cup is simplified, leading to a reduction in manufacturing cost. In addition, when a small animal is a target, even when the radius of the cup is small, there is an effect that it is easy to secure a screw hole or a taper because the tip of the leg can be made large.

  Further, according to the mounting jig of the present invention, it is possible to stably mount the artificial hip joint socket having the legs provided on the outer peripheral surface of the socket cup in the correct position and direction. By using the mounting jig of the present invention, the acetabulum of the pelvis is first shaved to a predetermined depth, and then a leg is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cup at the tip of the mounting jig. By attaching the socket, adjusting the shape of the socket leg according to the shape of the tip of the jig whose shape has been adjusted in advance, and placing the socket on the acetabulum, the socket cup fits snugly The socket can be fixed stably with ease. The procedure time is shortened and the burden on the patient and animal subject to the procedure is reduced.

Structure explanatory drawing of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 Illustration of differences from conventional sockets The top view of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 The bottom view of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 The front view of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 The rear view of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 Left side view of socket for artificial hip joint of Example 1 The right view of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 Explanatory drawing of the attachment method to the pelvis of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 Explanatory drawing of the jig | tool for mounting of Example 2 (1) Explanatory drawing of the jig | tool for mounting of Example 2 (2) The perspective view from the front-end | tip part of the mounting jig of Example 2 (1) The perspective view from the front-end | tip part of the mounting jig of Example 2 (2) Configuration diagram of mounting jig of Example 2 Configuration diagram of mounting jig of Example 3 Perspective view and six-sided view of socket for artificial hip joint of Example 1 Plan view of socket for artificial hip joint of other embodiment Illustration of an artificial hip joint

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples and illustrated examples, and many changes and modifications can be made.

(Socket for artificial hip joint)
With reference to FIG. 1, the structure of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 is demonstrated.
FIG. 1 shows a socket for an artificial hip joint according to the first embodiment. The socket for artificial hip joint 1 of Example 1 is mounted on the pelvis side after removing the bone head, and slidably supports a spherical head fixed to a neck portion of an artificial bone (stem) embedded in the bone side. It is shaped as a single hemispherical shell.
The cup 2 of the socket that receives the spherical head of the artificial bone (stem) is formed to extend beyond the hemispherical line so as to cover the spherical head beyond the diameter equatorial plane, and the opening of the cup 2 A cut groove 6 is provided in the side flange. In addition, three legs 3 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the opening side collar of the cup 2 at substantially equal intervals in a direction extending radially. Each of the three legs 3 has a structure that can be bent along a plane orthogonal to the opening surface of the cup 2. Specifically, the material used for the legs is made uniform, and a portion 7 that is as thin as a groove is provided so that the strength is not impaired so that the bending width can be increased with pliers or the like, or the entire leg is thin. Thickness.
In addition, screw holes 4 are respectively provided at the tips of the three legs 3. Screws are respectively screwed from the three screw holes 4 toward the pelvis 8, and the socket 1 is stably fixed to the pelvis.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the difference between the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 and the conventional socket will be described. FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the center of the cup of the pelvis part into which the cup of the socket has been inserted.
The conventional socket 10 is attached to the pelvis 8 using screws 51 as shown in FIG. In order to fix the socket 10 to the pelvis 8, the screw 51 is screwed toward the pelvis 8 from the screw hole 5 inside the cup 2 of the socket 10. The cup 2 is shaped like a substantially hemispherical shell, and slidably supports a spherical head fixed to a neck portion of an artificial bone (stem) embedded in the femur (not shown). Since it is necessary to securely fix the socket with one of the screws 51, the screw 51 is necessarily thick and long. However, in the case of a small animal, the thickness of the pelvis is small, the screws that can be used are limited, and a thick and long screw is not necessarily used.

  On the other hand, in the case of the artificial hip joint socket 1 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 (2), the shape of the leg 3 around the cup 2 is processed in a bent shape, and the bending condition is adjusted with pliers. Thus, the shape is in line with the surface shape of the pelvis 8. The socket 1 is fixed to the pelvis 8 using screws 41 from the screw holes 4 at the tips of the legs 3. In the case of the artificial hip joint socket 1 according to the first embodiment, since it is fixed by three legs, the fixing strength is remarkably improved as compared with the conventional socket. Although it is not always necessary to screw the bottom of the cup, since the thickness of the screw can be reduced and the length can be shortened even when screwing, the stress on the pelvis can be reduced.

  FIGS. 3-8 has shown the 6th page of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1. FIG. Specifically, FIG. 3 is a plan view, FIG. 4 is a bottom view, FIG. 5 is a front view, FIG. 6 is a rear view, FIG. 7 is a left side view, and FIG.

Next, with reference to FIG. 9 (1)-(3), the attachment method to the pelvis of the socket for artificial hip joints of Example 1 is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 9A, pelvic three-dimensional data is acquired from an X-ray photograph, and an academically valid joint rotation center is set by image analysis. Next, as shown in FIG. 9B, a cutting simulation is performed. Then, the structural design of the outer shape of the socket cup, the location of the three legs, and the bending angle are designed.
Using the mounting jig of Example 2 described later, the pelvis is cut and the socket is mounted on the pelvis.

  That is, after determining the ideal position and direction of the socket cup, the three legs are bent by molding with the data of the bent state so that the cup is in the ideal position and direction. If the three legs are bent along the pelvis, the position of the cup is determined without screwing, so it can be confirmed before screwing whether the cup is in the ideal position. After confirming before screwing, the cup is fixed in the ideal position by screwing it through the holes at the tips of the three legs. If it deviates from the ideal at the time of confirmation, it can be brought closer to the ideal position by correcting the way the legs are bent. In this process, since the pelvis is not damaged, the way of bending the leg can be corrected any number of times, and the pelvis can be fixed in an ideal position and direction.

  Compared to the case of fixing with a single screw to the cup bottom as in the prior art, the fixing strength is remarkably improved by fixing with three legs. As a result, it is not always necessary to screw the bottom of the cup, the shape of the cup is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Further, when targeting small animals, it is easy to secure a screw hole since the tip of the leg can be made large even if the cup radius is small. In the conventional processing technique, it has been very expensive to process such a cup with legs, but it can be easily formed by using RP molding using metal powder in recent years. If there is 3D image data of the pelvis by X-ray CT or the like, the ideal position and direction of the cup can be determined. Therefore, the bending method of the leg can also be determined and processed before the operation.

  FIG. 16 shows a perspective view and a six-sided view of the socket for artificial hip joints according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 16, the three legs are bent in advance based on the pelvis shape data. FIG. 16 (1) is a perspective view, and FIG. 16 (2) is a six-sided view.

(Installation jig 1)
With reference to FIGS. 10-14, the mounting jig of Example 2 will be described.
10 and 11 show a state in which the mounting jig 20 is applied to the pelvis and the rotary cutting tool 30 is inserted into the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion of the mounting jig. As described above, as shown in FIG. 9 (1), the three-dimensional data of the pelvis shape is acquired from the X-ray photograph, the academically valid joint rotation center is set by image analysis, and the position of the joint rotation center is determined. And the design of the cutting direction is determined. The structure of the mounting jig 20 is as follows in order to guide the rotary cutting tool 30 accurately in the position and cutting direction of the designed joint rotation center.

Using the three-dimensional data of the pelvic shape acquired from the X-ray photograph, the shape of the distal end portion 22 (portion in contact with the pelvis) of the mounting jig 20 is matched with the surface shape around the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded. Process into shape. Then, the mounting jig 20 is provided with a cutting tool guide cylindrical portion 21 for inserting the rotary cutting tool 30 into the cylindrical hollow 27, and the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 21 is made to coincide with the direction of cutting the acetabulum.
When the rotary cutting tool 30 is inserted into the cylindrical hollow 27 of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion 21 of the mounting jig 20 and the pelvis is cut by the structure as described above, the position of the joint rotation center and the cutting direction are designed. The rotary cutting tool 30 advances.

Further, the mounting jig 20 is provided with screw guide members (25a to 25c) of screws to be screwed into screw holes at the tip end portions of the socket legs around the cylindrical portion 21 for cutting tool guide.
The number of screw guide members (25a to 25c) is made to match the number of socket legs.
When mounting the socket on the pelvis, the socket is pressed by the tip of the mounting jig 20, and through the screw guide holes (24, 24a to 24c, 26a to 26c) of the screw guide members (25a to 25c), Screw in the screw hole at the tip of the socket leg. In order to stably press the socket with the tip 22 of the mounting jig 20, the tip 22 has a shape covering the circumference of 210 °, which is more than half the circumference of the opening side collar of the cup, and all three legs.

  As described above, by designing the mounting jig based on the three-dimensional data in advance for cutting the acetabulum, it becomes easier to cut the pelvis and place the socket cup. The mounting jig is manufactured by RP molding based on the three-dimensional data of the surface around the acetabulum on the surface of the pelvis at the tip that contacts the pelvis, both of which are male and female in the same shape Therefore, when the mounting jig is lightly rotated around the acetabulum, the two are in perfect engagement at the point where their phases match, and the rotational direction phase around the axis of the mounting jig and the inclination of the axis are uniquely determined.

  On the other hand, the hollow hole of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion 21 at the center of the mounting jig 20 coincides with the direction in which the acetabulum should be cut, so that the rotary cutting tool 30 is rotated in advance using the hollow hole as a guide. When the determined stroke is inserted, the acetabulum can be easily cut to a predetermined depth and direction. Further, the rotary cutting tool 30 is provided with a stopper 31 so that the rear end portion 23 of the mounting jig 20 and the stopper 31 abut so that the rotary cutting tool 30 does not advance beyond a predetermined depth.

  As described above, when the procedure is performed, the cup is inserted just by first cutting the acetabulum to a predetermined depth and then inserting the cup into the designed position. It can be fixed to the acetabulum and can be fixed easily and stably. In addition, the procedure time is shortened, leading to a reduction in the burden on the patient and animal subject to the procedure.

(Installation jig 2)
With reference to FIG. 15, the mounting jig of Example 3 will be described.
Similar to the mounting jig of Example 2, three-dimensional data of the pelvis shape is acquired from the X-ray photograph, and an academically valid joint rotation center is set by image analysis, and the position and cutting of the joint rotation center are determined. Determine the direction design. In order to accurately guide the rotary cutting tool 30 in the designed position of the joint rotation center and the cutting direction, the structure of the mounting jig 60 of the third embodiment is as follows.

  Unlike the mounting jig 20 of the second embodiment, the mounting jig 60 of the third embodiment has a distal end portion only at a position corresponding to the distal end portion of the socket leg so that the contact portion with the bone is minimized. (Pelvic contact part) 22 is provided. In the case of FIG. 15, there are three tip portions (pelvic contact portions) 22 to correspond to the tip portions of the three legs of the socket. Similarly to the mounting jig 20 of the second embodiment, the shape of the distal end portion (pelvis contact portion) 22 of the mounting jig 60 is changed to a socket by using the pelvic shape three-dimensional data acquired from the X-ray photograph. The shape is matched to the shape of the acetabulum corresponding to the position of the tip of the three legs.

Similarly to the mounting jig 20 of the second embodiment, the mounting jig 60 is provided with a cutting tool guide cylindrical portion 21 for inserting the rotary cutting tool 30 into the cylindrical hollow 27, and the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 21 is provided. Match the direction of the acetabulum.
When the rotary cutting tool 30 is inserted into the cylindrical hollow 27 of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion 21 of the mounting jig 60 to cut the pelvis, the rotary cutting tool 30 advances in the position and cutting direction of the designed joint rotation center. .

  In the mounting jig 60 shown in FIG. 15, unlike the mounting jig 20 in the second embodiment, the screw guide member of the screw to be screwed into the screw hole at the tip of the socket leg is used as the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion. 21 is not provided around. A screw guide member may be provided around the cylindrical part 21 for cutting tool guide.

  Further, since the hollow hole of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion 21 at the center of the mounting jig 60 coincides with the direction to cut the acetabulum, the rotary cutting tool 30 is rotated in advance using the hollow hole as a guide. When the determined stroke is inserted, the acetabulum can be easily cut to a predetermined depth and direction. The rotary cutting tool 30 is provided with a stopper 31 so that the rear end portion 23 of the mounting jig 60 and the stopper 31 come into contact with each other so that the rotary cutting tool 30 does not advance beyond a predetermined depth.

(Other examples)
(1) In the socket for artificial hip joints according to the first embodiment described above, a screw hole is provided at the tip of the leg, but it may be formed in a conical shape having a sharp point toward the pelvis. In this case, the side that is not the pelvic side is recessed along the taper so that the taber can be pushed easily.

(2) FIG. 17 shows a plan view of another embodiment of a socket for an artificial hip joint.
The three legs of the socket for an artificial hip joint shown in FIG. 17A are provided at equal intervals (approximately 120 ° intervals) than in the first embodiment.
In addition, the artificial hip joint socket shown in FIG. 17B is provided with four legs unlike the artificial hip joint socket of the first embodiment. The four legs are provided at regular intervals (approximately 90 ° intervals). By increasing the number of legs at substantially equal intervals, the socket can be more stably fixed to the pelvis.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful as a socket for a hip prosthesis and a jig for supporting the socket implantation.

1 Socket for artificial hip joint 2 Cup 3 Leg 4 Screw hole (tip of leg)
5 Screw hole (bottom of the cup)
6 Cut slot 7 Thin portion 8 Pelvis 9 Acetabular cut portion 10 Socket 11 Spherical head 12 Stem (artificial bone)
14 Neck part 18 Femur 19 Pelvis (acetabulum)
20, 60 Jig for mounting 21 Cylindrical portion for cutting tool guide 22 Tip portion (pelvic contact portion)
23 Rear end portion 25, 25a to 25c Screw guide member 24, 24a to 24c, 26a to 26c Screw guide hole 27 Cylindrical hollow 30 Rotary cutting tool 31 Stopper 41, 51 Screw

Claims (6)

It is mounted on the pelvis side after removing the bone head, and is shaped as a single hemispherical shell that slidably supports a spherical head fixed to the neck of an artificial bone (stem) embedded on the bone side. In artificial hip joint sockets,
The concave spherical portion of the socket that receives the spherical head is formed to extend beyond the hemispherical line so as to cover the spherical head beyond the diameter equatorial plane, and the hemispherical shell-shaped opening side flange Is provided with a notch groove,
At least three legs are provided at substantially equal intervals in the radial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the opening side collar of the hemispherical shell,
The leg has a structure that can be bent along a plane perpendicular to the hemispherical opening surface;
A screw hole or taper is provided at the tip of the leg,
A socket for artificial hip joints. A mounting jig for mounting the artificial hip joint socket according to claim 1 to the pelvis,
A pelvic contact portion that contacts the pelvis;
A cylindrical portion for a cutting tool guide capable of inserting a rotary cutting tool into a hollow cylinder;
A screw guide hole for a screw to be screwed into the screw hole at the tip of the socket leg;
With
The pelvis contact portion is
A shape that covers all the legs and half or more of the hemispherical opening side collar of the socket, and a shape that matches the surface shape of the periphery of the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded,
The axial direction of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion is matched with the direction of cutting the acetabulum,
A jig for mounting a socket for an artificial hip joint. A mounting jig for mounting the artificial hip joint socket according to claim 1 to the pelvis,
At least three pelvic contact portions provided at the positions of all the screw holes or tapers of the tip ends of the socket legs;
A cylindrical portion for a cutting tool guide capable of inserting a rotary cutting tool into a hollow cylinder;
With
The pelvic contact portion is a surface shape around the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded, and exhibits a shape that matches the surface shape of the screw hole or taper position,
The axial direction of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion is matched with the direction of cutting the acetabulum,
A jig for mounting a socket for an artificial hip joint. An artificial hip joint shaped like a substantially hemispherical shell that is slidably supported by a spherical head attached to the neck of an artificial bone (stem) that is attached to the pelvis after the bone head has been removed. A mounting jig for mounting the socket for the pelvis,
The socket is provided with a plurality of legs on an outer peripheral surface of the hemispherical shell-shaped opening side flange, a screw hole is provided at a tip of the leg, and the leg is orthogonal to the hemispherical shell-shaped opening surface. Can be bent along
The mounting jig is
A pelvic contact portion that contacts the pelvis;
A cylindrical portion for a cutting tool guide capable of inserting a rotary cutting tool into a hollow cylinder;
A screw guide hole for a screw to be screwed into the screw hole at the tip of the socket leg;
With
The pelvis contact portion is
A shape that covers all the legs and half or more of the hemispherical opening side collar of the socket, and a shape that matches the surface shape of the periphery of the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded,
The axial direction of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion is matched with the direction of cutting the acetabulum,
A jig for mounting a socket for an artificial hip joint. An artificial hip joint shaped like a substantially hemispherical shell that is slidably supported by a spherical head attached to the neck of an artificial bone (stem) that is attached to the pelvis after the bone head has been removed. A mounting jig for mounting the socket for the pelvis,
The socket is provided with a plurality of legs on the outer peripheral surface of the hemispherical shell-shaped opening side flange, a screw hole or a taper is provided at the tip of the leg, and the leg is orthogonal to the hemispherical shell-shaped opening surface. Bend along the surface to be
The mounting jig is
At least three pelvic contact portions provided at the positions of all the screw holes or tapers of the tip ends of the socket legs;
A cylindrical portion for a cutting tool guide capable of inserting a rotary cutting tool into a hollow cylinder;
With
The pelvic contact portion is a surface shape around the acetabulum in which the socket is embedded, and exhibits a shape that matches the surface shape of the screw hole or taper position,
The axial direction of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion is matched with the direction of cutting the acetabulum,
A jig for mounting a socket for an artificial hip joint. The length from the front end to the rear end of the cutting tool guide cylindrical portion is:
When the rotary cutting tool cuts the acetabulum to a predetermined depth,
The rear end is designed to abut against the stopper of the rotary cutting tool;
The jig for mounting an artificial hip joint socket according to any one of claims 2 to 5.