JP2014024050A - Biomass treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a biomass processing system that can cope with an increase in size of the entire system with a simple configuration.
[Solution]
A first unit 11 having a hydrolysis tank for hydrolyzing biomass and a second unit 12 having a fermentation tank for methane fermentation of the hydrolyzed biomass are connected adjacently on a straight line in accordance with the biomass treatment process. Arranged. Furthermore, the 3rd unit 13 which has the gas decomposition apparatus which decomposes | disassembles the generated gas generated with methane fermentation, and the 4th unit which has the dehydration apparatus which spin-dry | dehydrates the digestive liquid which is the residue after fermentation are the 1st unit 11. The first unit 11 and the second unit 12 can be used independently of the second unit 12.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a biomass processing system that generates generated gas containing methane by subjecting biomass to methane fermentation.

Conventionally, in this type of biomass processing system, a fermenter is provided in a rectangular parallelepiped housing with a rubber or synthetic resin thin film disposed in a bag shape. What can be moved is known.
(See Patent Document 1 [0034] below).

JP 2006-320894 A

  However, in the conventional biomass processing system, since the size of the fermenter is restricted by the dimensions of the casing, it is difficult to increase the size of the entire system.

  On the other hand, it is conceivable to increase the amount of biomass fermentation processing by providing the conventional biomass processing system, but the number of overlapping facilities increases and the apparatus configuration becomes complicated, which is not realistic.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a biomass processing system that can cope with an increase in the size of the entire system with a simple configuration.

The biomass processing system of the first invention is a biomass processing system that generates a generated gas containing methane by subjecting biomass to methane fermentation,
A first unit having at least a hydrolysis tank for hydrolyzing the biomass;
A fermentation tank connected to the hydrolysis tank of the first unit and fermenting the hydrolyzed biomass; and a desulfurization apparatus connected to the fermentation tank and desulfurizing the generated gas generated in the fermentation tank. A second unit;
A third unit having a gas decomposition apparatus for decomposing the generated gas supplied via the desulfurization apparatus of the second unit;
The first unit and the second unit are connected and arranged adjacent to each other in a straight line in accordance with the biomass processing step, and the third unit is independent of the first unit and the second unit, And it is comprised so that correspondence with several this 1st unit and this 2nd unit is possible.

  According to the biomass processing system of the first invention, since the biomass adjusted so as to be suitable for fermentation by hydrolysis is continuously supplied to the fermenter, the hydrolysis tank and the fermenter are adjacent to each other in the fermentation process of the biomass. However, it is desirable to provide the first unit and the second unit integrally on a straight line.

  Furthermore, by arranging a plurality of the first unit and the second unit that are integrated, the entire system can be enlarged according to the amount of biomass fermentation.

  Here, even when a plurality of integrated first and second units are provided, the third unit connected to each second unit is independent of the first unit and the second unit, and thus the degree of freedom in arrangement. Can be given. Furthermore, since the third unit is configured to be compatible with a plurality of first and second units that are integrated, the third unit is made common and the apparatus configuration is not complicated.

  Thus, according to the biomass processing system of the 1st invention, it can respond to enlargement of the whole system by simple composition.

The biomass processing system of the second invention is the first invention,
The third unit has a generated gas tank that temporarily stores the generated gas supplied via the desulfurization device of the second unit, and the generated gas stored in the generated gas tank is By disassembling, a plurality of the first unit and the second unit can be accommodated.

  According to the biomass processing system of the second aspect of the present invention, when a plurality of integrated first units and second units are provided, the generated gas supplied from the plurality of fermenters via the desulfurizer is supplied to the third unit. It is necessary to carry out all the decomposition processes using the gas decomposition apparatus. Here, by providing the generated gas tank that temporarily stores the generated gas in the third unit, it is possible to configure the first system and the second unit with a simple configuration so as to be compatible with the entire system. It can cope with an increase in size.

The biomass processing system of the third invention is the first or second invention,
A pretreatment unit having a crushing device for producing the biomass using food residue as a raw material,
The pre-processing unit is configured independently of the first unit and the second unit.

  According to the biomass processing system of the third aspect of the present invention, by configuring the pretreatment unit that generates the raw material of biomass independently from the first unit and the second unit, for example, By using such a pretreatment unit, it is possible to produce a large amount of biomass as a raw material for methane fermentation from food residues that have been disposed of as waste in the past. be able to.

The biomass treatment system of the fourth invention is any one of the first to third inventions,
The digestion liquid tank which stores the digestive liquid which is the residue after fermentation of the biomass in the fermenter of the second unit, the dehydration apparatus which dehydrates the digestion liquid stored in the digestion liquid tank, and the dehydration apparatus A fourth unit having a solidification device for solidifying the residue,
The fourth unit can cope with a plurality of the first unit and the second unit by dehydrating and solidifying the digested liquid stored in the digested liquid tank by the dehydrating apparatus and the solidifying apparatus. It is characterized by being configured.

  According to the biomass processing system of the fourth aspect of the present invention, when a plurality of integrated first units and second units are provided, it is necessary to dispose of the digestive juices of the plurality of fermenters. Here, by providing a digestive fluid tank for temporarily storing the digestive fluid in the fourth unit, it is possible to configure the system to be compatible with a plurality of first units and second units with a simple configuration. Can cope with the increase in size.

The biomass treatment system of the fifth invention is any one of the first to fourth inventions,
The first unit and the second unit are configured to be capable of being loaded on a trailer integrally or separately.

  According to the biomass processing system of the fifth aspect of the present invention, the first unit and the second unit that are integrated with each other are configured so as to be integrated or divided so that they can be loaded on the trailer. It can be installed in accordance with the amount of biomass fermented and the size of the entire system can be increased.

The external view which shows the external appearance of the biomass processing system of this embodiment. The system block diagram which shows the whole structure of the biomass processing system of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the specific structure of the 1st unit of FIG. 1, and a 2nd unit.

  As shown in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 3, the biomass processing system of this embodiment is a system which generate | occur | produces the generation gas containing methane by carrying out methane fermentation of biomass, Comprising: The pre-processing unit 10 and the 1st unit 11 The second unit 12, the third unit 13, and the fourth unit 14 are provided.

  The pretreatment unit 10 includes, for example, a crushing device 100 that crushes food residues such as leftovers and garbage, and generates a biomass raw material by crushing food residues such as leftovers and food waste by the crushing device 100.

  In FIG. 1, the preprocessing unit is provided in the first unit 11 to the fourth unit 14, but the preprocessing unit 10 is configured independently of the first unit 11 to the fourth unit 14. The first unit 11 to the fourth unit 14 may be installed in different places.

  For example, a waste disposal contractor who has collected food residues is disposed of as a waste by setting up a pretreatment unit 10 in a food residue accumulation site, and the disposal site or intermediate treatment facility is conventionally disposed of as waste. A large amount of biomass as a raw material for methane fermentation can be generated from the food residue.

  The first unit 11 includes a rainwater tank 111, a raw water tank 112, a hydrolysis tank 113, a solar water hot panel 114 and a solar power generation panel 115 installed on the roof of the housing 110. Prepare. Part of the solar power generation panel 115 is installed on the roof of the casing 120 of the second unit 12 (illustration of the solar power generation panel 115 is omitted in FIG. 2).

  The rainwater tank 111 is a tank that collects rainwater that has fallen on the roofs of the first unit 11 and the second unit 12, and the rainwater in the rainwater tank 111 is sent to the solar hot water panel 114 and heated, and then the raw water It is supplied to the tank 112.

  The raw water tank 112 stores raw water obtained by mixing and adjusting the biomass generated by the pretreatment unit 10 and the hot water heated by the solar hot water panel 114.

  In the hydrolysis tank 113, raw water mixed and adjusted in advance in the raw water tank 112 is supplied into the tank by a pump P.

  In the raw water tank 112 and the hydrolysis tank 113, the temperature of the raw water is adjusted to an appropriate temperature by using hot water heated by the solar hot water panel 114, a heater (not shown), or the like. The raw water tank 112 and the hydrolysis tank 113 are provided with a stirrer N driven by an electric motor M, and the raw water is appropriately stirred and mixed by the stirrer N.

  The second unit 12 includes a fermenter 121 and a desulfurization device 122 accommodated in the housing 120.

  Here, the housing | casing 110 of the 1st unit 11 and the housing | casing 120 of the 2nd unit 12 are connectedly arranged adjacently on a straight line so that the process process of biomass may continue. As described above, the first unit 11 and the second unit 12 are integrally formed as a pair, and the first unit 11 and the second unit 12 are configured to be capable of being loaded on a trailer integrally or separately. Furthermore, a plurality of the first unit 11 and the second unit 12 that are integrated can be provided as appropriate in accordance with the amount of biomass fermentation treatment, and the entire system can be increased in size.

  In the fermentation tank 121, the biomass hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis tank 113 is supplied from the hydrolysis tank 113 by the pump P, and the supplied biomass is subjected to methane fermentation.

  The fermenter 121 includes a PH sensor PH, a temperature sensor t, and a heater H attached to the side wall, and is managed so that the pH and temperature are suitable for methane fermentation. A stirrer N driven by an electric motor M is provided, and the stirrer N performs stirring and mixing so that PH and temperature are uniform.

  The desulfurization apparatus 122 includes a plurality of desulfurization towers and removes hydrogen sulfide. The desulfurization device 122 is connected to an exhaust valve provided at the top of the fermenter 121, and is supplied with a generated gas containing methane that is generated as the methane fermentation of biomass in the fermenter 121 proceeds. Furthermore, by operating a plurality of valves provided in front of the desulfurization tower in accordance with the supply amount of the generated gas, the supply path of the generated gas can be changed, and the plurality of desulfurization towers are supplied with the generated gas. It can be used in a form suitable for the quantity.

  The third unit 13 includes a gas decomposition device 131 accommodated in the housing 130, a regeneration device 132 provided adjacent to the gas decomposition device 131, a desulfurization device 122 of the gas decomposition device 131 and the second unit 12, and And a generated gas tank 133 provided between the two.

  For example, by supplying methane gas between the discharge electrodes, the gas decomposition apparatus 131 decomposes methane and continuously generates a decomposition gas containing carbon and hydrogen.

  The regeneration device 132 is a variety of devices that use cracked gas as a recycled resource. For example, the storage device 132a that stores hydrogen in the cracked gas, a fuel cell 132b using the storage device 132a, an engine 132c that burns the cracked gas, and thereby The generator 132d that generates electric power, the compressor 132e that compresses the carbon component in the cracked gas, and the filler 132f that has been filled with carbon by this correspond to the generator 132d.

  The generated gas tank 133 is supplied with a generated gas containing methane generated as the methane fermentation of biomass in the fermenter 121 of the second unit 12 proceeds through the desulfurization device 122, and the generated gas is temporarily stored. The Therefore, even when a plurality of the first unit 11 and the second unit 12 are provided in parallel, the generated gas tank 133 functions as a buffer without the generated gas supplied from these being directly supplied to the gas decomposition apparatus 131. With a simple configuration, the plurality of first units 11 and second units 12 can be configured.

  Here, by not providing the generated gas tank 133 in the housing 130, even when a plurality of the first unit 11 and the second unit 12 are provided at a later date, the capacity of the generated gas tank 133 is increased accordingly. It is possible to cope with this by making it unnecessary to change the facilities of the entire three units 13.

  The fourth unit 14 includes a dehydrating device 141 housed in the housing 140, a solidifying device 142 provided adjacent to the dehydrating device 141, and the dehydrating device 141 and the fermenter 121 of the second unit 12. And a digestive fluid tank 143 provided.

  The dehydrator 141 dehydrates the digestive juice that is a residue after methane fermentation in the fermenter 121. As the dehydration technique, various existing techniques can be employed. Further, the moisture obtained by dehydrating the digested liquid is filtered and then returned to the rainwater tank 111 of the first unit 11.

  The solidification device 142 solidifies the digestive juice residue dehydrated by the dehydration device 141. As the solidification technique, various existing techniques such as compression and drying can be adopted.

  In the digestive juice tank 143, the digestive juice that is a residue after methane fermentation in the fermenter 121 of the second unit 12 is supplied via the pump P of the fermenter 121, and the digested juice is temporarily stored. Therefore, even when a plurality of the first unit 11 and the second unit 12 are provided in parallel, the digestive juice tank 143 functions as a buffer without supplying the digestive juice supplied from these to the dehydrating apparatus 141. With such a configuration, a plurality of first units 11 and second units 12 can be configured.

  Here, by not providing the digestive juice tank 143 in the housing 140, even when a plurality of the first units 11 and the second units 12 are provided at a later date, the capacity of the digestive juice tank 143 is increased accordingly. It is possible to cope with this by making it unnecessary to change the equipment of the entire fourth unit.

  The above is the configuration of the biomass processing system of the present embodiment, and according to such a biomass processing system, the first unit 11 and the second unit 12 are configured integrally on a straight line, and a plurality of these units are provided side by side. The whole can be enlarged according to the fermentation processing amount of biomass.

  Furthermore, since the third unit 13 and the fourth unit 14 are configured to be capable of supporting a plurality of first units 11 and second units 12 that are integrated, a plurality of first units 11 and second units 12 are provided. Even when the entire system is increased in size, the third unit 13 and the fourth unit 14 are shared, so that the apparatus configuration is not complicated.

  Thus, according to the biomass processing system of this embodiment, it is possible to cope with an increase in the size of the entire system with a simple configuration.

  In the present embodiment, the generated gas tank 133 is not accommodated in the casing 130 of the third unit 13, but may be configured to be accommodated in the casing 130. Similarly, the digestive fluid tank 143 is not accommodated in the casing 140 of the fourth unit 14, but may be configured to be accommodated in the casing 140.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Pretreatment unit, 11 ... 1st unit, 12 ... 2nd unit, 13 ... 3rd unit, 14 ... 4th unit, 100 ... Crushing device, 111 ... Rain water tank, 112 ... Raw water tank, 113 ... Hydrolysis tank 121 ... Fermentor, 122 ... Desulfurization device, 131 ... Gas decomposition device, 132 ... Regeneration device, 133 ... Generation gas tank, 141 ... Dehydration device, 142 ... Solidification device, 143 ... Digestion liquid tank.

Claims (5)

A biomass processing system for generating generated gas containing methane by subjecting biomass to methane fermentation,
A first unit having at least a hydrolysis tank for hydrolyzing the biomass;
A fermentation tank connected to the hydrolysis tank of the first unit and fermenting the hydrolyzed biomass; and a desulfurization apparatus connected to the fermentation tank and desulfurizing the generated gas generated in the fermentation tank. A second unit;
A third unit having a gas decomposition apparatus for decomposing the generated gas supplied via the desulfurization apparatus of the second unit;
The first unit and the second unit are connected and arranged adjacent to each other in a straight line in accordance with the biomass processing step, and the third unit is independent of the first unit and the second unit, And the biomass processing system characterized by being comprised so that correspondence to this some 1st unit and this 2nd unit is possible. In the biomass processing system according to claim 1,
The third unit has a generated gas tank that temporarily stores the generated gas supplied via the desulfurization device of the second unit, and the generated gas stored in the generated gas tank is By being decomposed, the biomass processing system is configured to be compatible with a plurality of the first unit and the second unit. In the biomass processing system according to claim 1 or 2,
A pretreatment unit having a crushing device for producing the biomass using food residue as a raw material,
The biomass processing system, wherein the pretreatment unit is configured independently of the first unit and the second unit. In the biomass processing system of any one of Claims 1-3,
The digestion liquid tank which stores the digestive liquid which is the residue after fermentation of the biomass in the fermenter of the second unit, the dehydration apparatus which dehydrates the digestion liquid stored in the digestion liquid tank, and the dehydration apparatus A fourth unit having a solidification device for solidifying the residue,
The fourth unit can cope with a plurality of the first unit and the second unit by dehydrating and solidifying the digested liquid stored in the digested liquid tank by the dehydrating apparatus and the solidifying apparatus. A biomass processing system characterized by comprising. In the biomass processing system of any one of Claims 1-4,
The biomass processing system, wherein the first unit and the second unit are configured to be integrated or divided and can be loaded on a trailer.

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