JP2014005741A - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014005741A JP2014005741A JP2012139992A JP2012139992A JP2014005741A JP 2014005741 A JP2014005741 A JP 2014005741A JP 2012139992 A JP2012139992 A JP 2012139992A JP 2012139992 A JP2012139992 A JP 2012139992A JP 2014005741 A JP2014005741 A JP 2014005741A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. by adjusting the dosing of reducing agent
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
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Abstract
【解決手段】エンジン1には、排気通路26に尿素水を添加する尿素水供給機構200と、尿素水供給機構200から添加された尿素水を吸着するSCR触媒41と、ノズルベーン11vを備えたターボチャージャ11が設けられている。制御装置80は、エンジン1の減速時に尿素水を添加するときには、ノズルベーン11vを最小開度に変更して排気流量を増大させる。
【選択図】図1
Description
請求項1に記載の発明は、排気通路に還元剤を添加する添加機構と、前記添加機構から添加された還元剤を吸着する浄化触媒とを備える内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、機関の減速時に前記還元剤を添加するときには、排気流量を増大させる増大処理を行うことをその要旨とする。
前記増大処理は、前記絞り弁の開度を増大補正することにより行われることをその要旨とする。
エンジン1には複数の気筒#1〜#4が設けられている。シリンダヘッド2には複数の燃料噴射弁4a〜4dが取り付けられている。これら燃料噴射弁4a〜4dは各気筒#1〜#4の燃焼室に燃料を噴射する。また、シリンダヘッド2には新気を気筒内に導入するための吸気ポートと、燃焼ガスを気筒外へ排出するための排気ポート6a〜6dとが各気筒#1〜#4に対応して設けられている。
排気通路26の途中には、気筒に導入される吸入空気を排気圧を利用して過給する可変容量型のターボチャージャ11が設けられている。このターボチャージャ11においてその排気側タービンの入口側には、排気流量を調整するノズルベーン11vが設けられており、このノズルベーン11vの開度が機関運転状態に応じて変更される。例えば低負荷領域ではノズルベーン11vの開度が小さくされることにより、排気流量が少ない場合でも排気流速は増大されて排気の動圧が大きくされる。また、高負荷領域ではノズルベーン11vの開度が大きくされることにより、排気流量が多いときの排気の圧力損失が低減される。
制御装置80は、そうした排気浄化制御の一つとして、上記尿素添加弁230による尿素水の添加制御も行う。この添加制御では、エンジン1から排出されるNOxを還元処理するために必要な尿素添加量QEが機関運転状態等に基づいて算出され、その算出された尿素添加量QEが尿素添加弁230から噴射されるように、同尿素添加弁230の開弁状態が制御される。
本処理が開始されるとまず、アクセル操作量ACCPが「0」であるか否か、つまりアクセルペダル70が操作されていない機関運転状態であるか否かが判定される(S100)。そして、アクセル操作量ACCPが「0」ではないときには(S100:NO)、混合気が多少でも燃焼している運転状態であると判断されて、本処理は一旦終了される。
次に、尿素水の添加中止条件が成立したか否かが判定される(S150)。この添加中止条件としては、例えば「アンモニア吸着量が目標値に達した」、「排気温度がアンモニアの吸着に関して排気温度が不適切な範囲の温度に変化した」、「混合機の燃焼が再開された」などの条件などが挙げられる。
一方、添加中止条件が成立したときには(S150:YES)、ステップS130で設定された尿素添加量QKによる尿素添加が停止される(S160)
次に、排気流量の増大処理が中止される(S170)。つまりノズルベーン11vの開度を減少補正する処理が中止されて、ノズルベーン11vの開度は、最小開度から機関負荷等に応じた開度に変更される。そして、本処理は一旦終了される。
エンジン1の減速時に尿素水を添加するときには、ステップS120の処理によって排気流量EAが増大される。そのため、添加された尿素水はSCR触媒41内の排気下流側領域に届きやすくなる。従って、SCR触媒41内の排気下流側領域だけではなく、排気下流側領域にもアンモニアを十分に吸着させることができるようになり、例えば排気の浄化性能等も向上する。また、SCR触媒41内の排気下流側領域に尿素水が届きやすくなるため、SCR触媒41の前端部付近に滞留する尿素水の量は減少するようになる。従って、SCR触媒41の前端部付近に滞留した尿素水が同SCR触媒41をすり抜けることにより生じるおそれのあるアンモニアスリップが抑えられる。
(1)エンジン1の減速時に尿素水を添加するときには、排気流量を増大させる増大処理を行うようにしている。そのため、SCR触媒41内の排気下流側領域にもアンモニアを十分に吸着させることができるようになり、例えば排気の浄化性能等を向上させることも可能になる。
排気流量が多いときに多量の還元剤を添加すると、浄化触媒に吸着できないアンモニアが同浄化触媒から流出するアンモニアスリップが発生しやすくなる。そこで同構成では、排気流量が多いときほど還元剤の添加量が少なくするようにしている。そのため、排気流量の増大処理を行うときのアンモニアスリップの発生を抑えることができる。
・排気流量を増大させるために、ノズルベーン11vの開度を減少補正するときには、本来、機関負荷に応じて設定されるノズルベーン11vの開度を、強制的に最小開度にするようにした。この他、エンジン1の減速時であって尿素水が添加されるときのノズルベーン11vの開度が、減速時であって尿素水が添加されないときに設定されるノズルベーン11vの開度K1、つまり減速時相当の機関負荷に対応するノズルベーン11vの開度K1よりも小さくなるように、その開度K1を減少補正するようにしてもよい。
・還元剤として尿素水を使用するようにしたが、この他の還元剤を使用するようにしてもよい。
Claims (5)
- 排気通路に還元剤を添加する添加機構と、前記添加機構から添加された還元剤を吸着する浄化触媒とを備える内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、
機関の減速時に前記還元剤を添加するときには、排気流量を増大させる増大処理を行う
ことを特徴とする内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記減速時とは、アクセル操作部材が操作されていない機関運転状態である
請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記排気通路には、ノズルベーンを備えた可変容量型の過給機が設けられており、
前記増大処理は、前記ノズルベーンの開度を減少補正することにより行われる
請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記内燃機関の吸気通路には、吸入空気量を調量する絞り弁が設けられており、
前記増大処理は、前記絞り弁の開度を増大補正することにより行われる
請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記増大処理の実行時における前記還元剤の添加量は、排気流量が多いときほど少なくされる
請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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| CN104389660B (zh) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-10-28 | 张寿远 | 一种尾气排放净化器 |
| FR3054597B1 (fr) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-08-03 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede d’injection a duree augmentee d’un agent de depollution dans une ligne d’echappement de vehicule automobile |
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| JP2001303934A (ja) * | 1998-06-23 | 2001-10-31 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| JP2004132185A (ja) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の燃料カット制御装置 |
| JP2008180205A (ja) * | 2007-01-26 | 2008-08-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| JP2010053703A (ja) * | 2008-08-26 | 2010-03-11 | Mitsubishi Fuso Truck & Bus Corp | 排気浄化装置 |
| JP2011256846A (ja) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-22 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 排気ガス浄化システム |
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| JP3985053B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-15 | 2007-10-03 | マツダ株式会社 | エンジンの排気微粒子処理装置 |
| JP4161887B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-29 | 2008-10-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化装置 |
| US6931842B2 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2005-08-23 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Regeneration of diesel particulate filter |
| CN102892984B (zh) * | 2010-05-12 | 2015-03-18 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 内燃机的排气净化系统 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001303934A (ja) * | 1998-06-23 | 2001-10-31 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| JP2004132185A (ja) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の燃料カット制御装置 |
| JP2008180205A (ja) * | 2007-01-26 | 2008-08-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| JP2010053703A (ja) * | 2008-08-26 | 2010-03-11 | Mitsubishi Fuso Truck & Bus Corp | 排気浄化装置 |
| JP2011256846A (ja) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-22 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 排気ガス浄化システム |
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| EP2677150A2 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| EP2677150A8 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
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