JP2014078186A - Multiplexing device, multiplexing method, and multiplexing program - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve the reliability of I / O access to an I / O device without creating a dedicated I / O device for multiplexing.
A multiplexing apparatus according to the present invention activates a plurality of operating systems (OS) to execute a common application, manages I / O input / output with a device, and manages a plurality of OSs. Synchronous execution management means for controlling each operation, I / O output synchronization means for outputting I / O to a device based on I / O output values from a plurality of OSs, and I / O input values from the device I / O input synchronization means for performing I / O input to the OS that requested I / O input based on each I / O input request from a plurality of OSs.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a multiplexing apparatus, a multiplexing method, and a multiplexing program for multiplexing software execution on one physical hardware.

  A conventional multiplexing device uses a virtual machine to multiplex software execution by a virtual machine monitor, and by using a dedicated I / O device having a plurality of virtual interfaces and simultaneously accessible from a plurality of virtual machines. The reliability of I / O access to an I / O device has been improved (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2009-238068 A

  In the conventional multiplexing apparatus, since it is necessary to create a dedicated I / O device for multiplexing, the I / O for all the I / O devices provided in the computer system such as an existing I / O device is used. There was a problem that the reliability of O access could not be improved. Also, in order to operate dedicated I / O devices, software such as virtual machine monitor, operating system (OS: Operating System) and device drivers that operate on the virtual machine monitor are added and changed for each dedicated I / O device. There was a problem of having to.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is possible to perform I / O access to an I / O device without creating a dedicated I / O device for multiplexing. An object of the present invention is to provide a multiplexing device capable of improving the reliability.

  It is another object of the present invention to obtain a multiplexing device that does not require addition or change of software such as an operating system (OS) and device drivers that operate in a multiplexed manner for each dedicated I / O device.

  The multiplexing apparatus according to the present invention starts up the plurality of operating systems (OS), causes each of them to execute a common application, manages signal input / output with the device, and controls each operation of the plurality of OSs Synchronization execution management means for performing signal output synchronization means for outputting a signal to the device based on signal output values from the plurality of OSs, and signal input values from the devices as signal inputs from the plurality of OSs. And a signal input synchronizing means for inputting a signal to the OS that requested the signal input based on the request.

  According to the multiplexing apparatus according to the present invention, a plurality of operating systems (OS) are started to execute common applications, and signal input / output with the device is managed to control each operation of the plurality of OSs. A synchronization execution management unit (synchronization execution management unit), an I / O output synchronization unit (signal output synchronization unit) that outputs a signal to the device based on each signal output value from a plurality of OSs, and a signal input from the device Since an I / O input synchronization unit (signal input synchronization means) for inputting a signal to an OS that requested a signal input based on each I / O input request (signal input request) from a plurality of OSs, multiple values are provided. The reliability of I / O access to the I / O device can be improved without creating a dedicated I / O device for the purpose of implementation.

  Further, according to the multiplexing apparatus of the present invention, the multiplexing system that does not need to add or change software such as an operating system (OS) and a device driver that operate in a multiplexed manner for each dedicated I / O device. Can be obtained.

It is a block diagram which shows an example of the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the initialization by the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the information registered into the I / O output table of the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a state transition diagram which shows an example of the I / O output process by the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of transition of the I / O output table accompanying the state transition of the I / O output process of the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the information registered into the I / O input table of the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a state transition diagram which shows an example of the I / O input process by the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of transition of the I / O input table accompanying the state transition of the I / O input process of the multiplexer which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the interruption process by the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the information registered into the I / O input table of the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a state transition diagram which shows an example of the I / O input process by the multiplexing apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of transition of the I / O input table accompanying the state transition of the I / O input process of the multiplexer which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  The present invention relates to a multiplexing apparatus that improves the reliability of I / O access to an I / O device. Hereinafter, a multiplexing apparatus according to the present invention will be described using configuration examples and operation examples.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In the figure, hardware 1 is physical hardware for operating a multiplexing device, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory, and the like. The device 2 (device X2x to device Z2z) is a peripheral device built in the hardware 1 or connected to the hardware 1 through a bus such as PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect). The virtual machine monitor 3 is software for operating a plurality of OSs on the hardware 1. An operating system (OS) 4 (here, OS-A4a to OS-C4c) is an OS that operates on the virtual machine monitor 3, and is a general-purpose OS such as Microsoft Windows (registered trademark) or Linux (registered trademark), or VxWorks, for example. (Registered trademark) and μITRON (registered trademark). The device driver 5 (device driver A5a to device driver C5c) operates in the OS 4, and is software that allows the OS 2 to recognize the device 2 and to operate the device 2 from an application program on the OS 4. Here, the number of devices 2 and device drivers 5 is arbitrary.

  The virtual machine monitor 3 includes a synchronization execution management unit 6, an I / O output synchronization unit 7, an I / O input synchronization unit 8, and an interrupt notification synchronization unit 9. The synchronous execution management unit 6 starts up a plurality of operating systems (OS4) and causes each of them to execute common application software, and manages I / O input / output (signal input / output) with the device 2 and interrupts from the device 2 Thus, each operation of the plurality of OSs is controlled. Multiplexing is managed by starting the execution of a plurality of OSs 4 at the same time and controlling the suspension and resumption of execution of these OSs 4. The I / O output synchronization unit 7 performs I / O output (signal output) to the device 2 based on each I / O output value (signal output value) from the plurality of OSs 4. Called at the time of I / O output of the target device from the OS 4, and collates the I / O output value based on the multiplexed I / O output from the plurality of OS 4, and actually performs the I / O output It is. The I / O input synchronization unit 8 requests an I / O input value (signal input value) from the device 2 based on each I / O input request (signal input request) from the plurality of OSs 4. I / O input (signal input) to OS4. Called at the time of I / O input of the target device from the OS 4 and based on the multiplexed I / O input request from the plurality of OS 4, the I / O input value from the device is transferred to the plurality of OS 4 to actually I / O input is performed. When notified of an interrupt from the device 2, the interrupt notification synchronization unit 9 causes the plurality of OSs 4 to execute processing corresponding to the interrupt. Called when an interrupt notification of the target device 2 is generated, the interrupt notification is executed to a plurality of multiplexed OSs 4. An I / O output table (signal output table) 10 is a table that holds I / O output values for each OS 4 in order to collate I / O output values before the I / O output synchronization unit 7 outputs I / O. It is. The I / O input table (signal input table) 11 sets an I / O input request flag for each OS 4 in order to confirm whether or not there is an I / O input request before the I / O input synchronization unit 8 performs I / O input. It is a table to hold.

  Here, the synchronous execution management unit 6, the I / O output synchronization unit 7, the I / O input synchronization unit 8, and the interrupt notification synchronization unit 9 constituting the virtual machine monitor 3 are synchronized execution management means and I / O output synchronization means. (Signal output synchronization means), I / O input synchronization means (signal input synchronization means), and interrupt notification synchronization means. The virtual machine monitor 3 operates as a means for multiplexing a plurality of OSs and application software that operates on these OSs. The multiplexing apparatus of the present invention can be implemented as a multiplexing program that is configured by a computer and operates as each means.

  In addition, when at least one OS other than the OS 4 to be multiplexed operates, the virtual machine monitor 3 is executed to control processing such as activation of the OS 4 to be multiplexed, I / O input / output, and interrupt. Hereinafter, an OS that is not a multiplexing target for executing the virtual machine monitor 3 is not described in the description.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of initialization by the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The initialization will be described with reference to FIG.

(S101)
The virtual machine monitor 3 notifies the multiplexing execution information to the synchronous execution management unit 6 in accordance with an instruction from a user of the multiplexing device or a startup script. Multiplexing activation information includes, for example, OS4 (OS file name, identification number, etc.) to be multiplexed and started, number of multiplexing (2 or more), target I / O input / output (I / O address and size) And interrupt notification (interrupt number). Although a method for notifying the multiplexed activation information is not particularly mentioned, for example, a service call provided by the virtual machine monitor 3 (this is generally called a hyper call) is used.

(S102)
Next, the synchronization execution management unit 6 executes the I / O output synchronization unit 7 in the case of I / O output for the target device, and the I / O input synchronization unit 8 in the case of I / O input. A process when an I / O input / output occurs is set in advance.

(S103)
The synchronous execution management unit 6 starts the OS 4 for the number of multiplexing and starts execution. Here, it is assumed that the number of multiplexing is 3, and the OS-A 4a starts OS-C 4c. As this setting method, for example, a memory management unit (MMU), a privileged mode of a CPU, or an I / O function such as an Intel VT function of an Intel CPU or an AMD-V function of an AMD CPU, for example. Access protection for the I / O address may be set using an access protection function to detect I / O input / output. Here, when the hardware 1 has a multi-CPU or a multi-core CPU, the OS 4 may be executed in parallel by assigning the execution of the OS 4 to a plurality of different CPUs or cores.

  Hereinafter, I / O output processing from the OS-n (here, OS-A 4a to OS-C 4c), I / O input processing to the OS-n, and interrupt processing will be described with specific examples. It is assumed that the I / O output process, the I / O input process, and the interrupt process are appropriately processed according to the state of occurrence during system operation, regardless of the order of explanation.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of information registered in the I / O output table of the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In the figure, information to be registered in the I / O output table (signal output table) 10 is, for example, (a) I / O address 101, (b) I / O output size 102, (c) I for each multiplexed OS 4. / O output values 103a to 103c. Note that the same number of storage areas for the I / O output value 103 are prepared in correspondence with the OS depending on the number of multiplexed OSs. Further, the storage order of the information 101 to 103 in the I / O output table 10 is not limited to this illustrated order. Further, the I / O output table 10 may include other information.

  FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram showing an example of I / O output processing by the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The I / O output process will be described with reference to this figure while associating the process performed in each state with the transition condition to the next state.

(S201)
First, the I / O output processing is in the state of S201 in which I / O output from OS-n (n is A, B, or C) is waited. In this state of S201, the synchronous execution management unit 6 of the virtual machine monitor 3 detects the I / O output from the OS-n to the target device (hereinafter referred to as the target device), and transitions to the state of S202. To do.

(S202)
When the state transitions to S202, the synchronous execution management unit 6 temporarily suspends the execution of the OS-n that has output the I / O, and the I / O output synchronization unit 7 stores the current I / O in the I / O output table 10. The output target (I / O address and size) is stored, and the I / O output value is stored in the corresponding part of the OS-n. It should be noted that the I / O address and the size need not be stored if any of the OS-n that first output I / O has already been stored, and there is no correspondence between the OS-n that outputs I / O. It is confirmed.

  When the processing in the state of S202 is completed, the I / O output synchronization unit 7 refers to the I / O output table 10, and OS-n (here, OS-A4a) multiplexed in the I / O address portion. Check that all the I / O output values of .about.OS-C4c) are available.

  If some of the I / O output values are not yet ready (there is another OS-n for which I / O output has not yet been performed), the other OS-n has an I / O address for the same I / O address. In order to wait until the / O output is executed, the process returns to the waiting state of S201. When waiting, especially in the case of a single CPU, another OS-n operating on the virtual machine monitor 3 is operated.

  On the other hand, if all the I / O output values are complete (I / O output from all OS-n is performed), the I / O of each OS-n stored in the I / O output table 10 is obtained. Refer to the output value and compare the contents. As a result of the comparison of the I / O output values, if the I / O output values of all the OS-n are the same, the state transits to S203. If the I / O output value of at least one OS-n is not the same, the process transits to S205.

(S203)
When the state transitions to the state of S203, the I / O output synchronization unit 7 performs I / O output using the I / O output value stored in the I / O table 10 at the I / O address, and the state of S204 Transition to.

(S204)
When transitioning to the state of S204, the I / O address part is deleted from the I / O output table 10 together with the I / O output value of each OS-n, and execution of all multiplexed OS-n is resumed. Transition to the wait state of S201.

(S205)
When the state transitions to the state of S205, if the number of multiplexing is 3 or more, if the correct one can be selected by a method such as majority vote, the same processing as S203 is carried out with the content, and after passing through the state of S204, the state of S201 is waited Transition and continue operation.

If the number of multiplexing is 2, a predetermined process or operation at the time of occurrence of an abnormality such as notifying each OS-n of that fact or stopping the operation of the virtual machine monitor 3 or the system itself. Shall be performed. Even if the number of multiplexing is 3 or more, predetermined processing or operation may be performed when an abnormality such as notification to OS-n or operation stop occurs.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the transition of the I / O output table accompanying the state transition of the I / O output processing of the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. An example of I / O output processing when the I / O output values VAL-A, VAL_B, and VAL_C of OS-A, OS-B, and OS-C are generated is shown. Here, the I / O output values VAL-A, VAL_B, and VAL_C are generated in this order, only the transition of the table information is shown, and the description of the temporary stop and restart of OS-n in the description of FIG. 4 is omitted.

  In the figure, the first example is a case where the I / O output values VAL-A, VAL_B, and VAL_C all coincide (VAL-A = VAL_B = VAL_C). The second example is a case where there is a mismatch in the I / O output values VAL-A, VAL_B, and VAL_C (for example, VAL-A = VAL_B ≠ VAL_C). Both examples show state transitions based on FIG. The generation order of the I / O output values VAL-A, VAL_B, and VAL_C of OS-A, OS-B, and OS-C is not limited to the order shown in this example.

  As described above, in the I / O output process, after the I / O output from each OS-n to the target device is arranged in the I / O output table 10, the I / O output value matches in a normal operation state. If there is, I / O output to the target device is actually performed. On the other hand, when there is an inconsistent I / O output value, for example, a predetermined process set to be taken at the time of abnormality such as correction by majority vote, notification to OS-n, system stop, etc. is performed.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of information registered in the I / O input table of the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In the figure, information registered in the I / O input table (signal input table) 11 includes, for example, (a) I / O address 111, (b) I / O input size 112, and (c) multiplexed OS 4 for each OS4. These are flags (I / O input request flags) 113a to 113c indicating that there is an I / O input request. Note that the same number of storage areas for the I / O input request flag 113 are prepared for each OS depending on the number of multiplexed OSs. Further, the storage order of the information 111 to 113 in the I / O input table 11 is not limited to this illustrated order. Further, the I / O input table 11 may include other information.

  FIG. 7 is a state transition diagram showing an example of I / O input processing by the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The I / O input process will be described with reference to this figure while associating the process performed in each state with the transition condition to the next state.

(S301)
First, the I / O input process is in the state of S301 for waiting for an I / O input request from OS-n. In the state of S301, when the synchronous execution management unit 6 of the virtual machine monitor 3 detects an I / O input request from the OS-n, the state transitions to the state of S302.

(S302)
When the state transitions to the state of S302, the synchronous execution management unit 6 temporarily suspends the execution of the OS-n that requested the I / O input, and the I / O input synchronization unit 8 stores the current I / O input table 11 in the I / O input table 11. The target (I / O address and size) of / O input is stored, and a flag indicating that an I / O input request has been made is set (ON) in the corresponding part of the OS-n. It should be noted that the I / O address and size are not required if any of the OS-n that requested the I / O input first has already been stored, and the OS- that has already requested the I / O input. The correspondence between n is confirmed.

  When the processing in the state of S302 is completed, the I / O input synchronization unit 8 refers to the I / O input table 11, and OS-n multiplexed in this I / O address portion (here, OS-A4a). Check whether all the I / O input request flags of .about.OS-C4c) are set.

  If some I / O input request flags have not been set yet (I / O input requests are not available from some OS-n), other OS-n's I / O addresses for the same I / O address In order to wait until the O input request is executed, the process returns to the waiting state of S301. When waiting, especially in the case of a single CPU, another OS-n operating on the virtual machine monitor 3 is operated.

  On the other hand, when all the I / O input request flags are set (I / O input requests are prepared from all OS-n), the process proceeds to the state of S303.

(S303)
When the state transitions to the state of S303, the I / O input synchronization unit 8 requests an I / O input from the target device, obtains an I / O input value, and then transitions to the state of S304.

(S304)
After the transition to the state of S304, I / O input from the target device is performed to each OS-n, the I / O address and size portion is deleted from the I / O input table 11, and each OS-n The flag indicating the I / O input request is reset to unset (OFF), and the data (I / O input value) obtained by the I / O input is used to suspend the I / O input request temporarily. The execution of all the OS-n that has been resumed is resumed, and a transition is made to the wait state of S301.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the transition of the I / O input table accompanying the state transition of the I / O input process of the multiplexing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. An example of the I / O input processing of the I / O input request flags FLG-A, FLG_B, FLG_C, and the I / O input value VAL from the target device of the OS-A, OS-B, and OS-C is shown. . Here, only the transition of the table information is shown, and the description of OS-n suspension and resumption in the description of FIG. 7 is omitted.

  In the figure, for example, when the I / O input request flags FLG-A, FLG_B, FLG_C, and the I / O input value VAL are generated in this order, the state transition based on FIG. 7 is shown. The I / O input value VAL from the target device is held until I / O is input to all OS-n. Further, when an I / O input request is issued from all OS-n and an I / O input value is input, the entry in the I / O input table is reset. The generation order of the I / O input value VAL and I / O input request flags FLG-A, FLG_B, and FLG_C from the target device is not limited to the order shown in this example.

  As described above, in the I / O input processing, after all the I / O input requests from the OS-n are arranged in the I / O input table 11, the I / O input from the target device is actually performed.

  In the I / O output processing and I / O input processing of the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, each OS-n outputs I / O in the I / O output processing, and all the OS-n OS-n until the I / O output from all the OS-n has been completed, and in the I / O input process, each OS-n requests I / O input and the I / O input request from all the OS-n is completed. By temporarily suspending the operation of n, the distribution of the execution time of the CPU to the other operating OS-n is increased, and the processing can be executed efficiently.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of interrupt processing by the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Next, interrupt processing will be described.

(S401)
First, the synchronization execution management unit 6 of the virtual machine monitor 3 detects an interrupt from an I / O device targeted by the OS 4 (OS-A 4 a to OS-C 4 c) and notifies the interrupt synchronization notification unit 9 of the detected interrupt.

(S402)
The interrupt synchronization notification unit 9 notifies all the multiplexed OSs 4 (OS-A4a to OS-C4c) that an interrupt has occurred.

(S403)
Each OS 4 (OS-A 4a to OS-C 4c) or their device driver 5 (5a to 5c) is notified that an interrupt has occurred from the target device, and executes interrupt processing corresponding to the device.

  As described above, according to the multiplexing apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention, software such as the virtual machine monitor and the OS and device driver operating on the virtual machine monitor is added or changed for each dedicated I / O device. Therefore, even for conventional applications and OSs that are not created with the consciousness of the multiplex system, it is possible to easily configure the multiplex system and improve the reliability.

  Further, according to the multiplexing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the I / O output value is collated in the virtual machine monitor, so that it is already used without creating a dedicated I / O device. It is possible to improve the reliability of I / O access to existing I / O devices.

  Further, according to the multiplexing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to improve the execution performance by using hardware having a multi-CPU and a multi-core CPU, and to improve the I / O due to abnormal operation of the CPU. Even when the output value becomes abnormal, it can be detected and corrected, and the reliability can be improved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the multiplexing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the I / O input synchronization unit 8 checks the presence / absence of an I / O input request before performing I / O input. An OS 4 that has an I / O input table 11 that holds an / O input request flag and requested an I / O input value from the device 2 based on each I / O input request from a plurality of OS 4 I / O input. Called at the time of I / O input of the target device from the OS 4 and waits for the multiplexed I / O input requests from the plurality of OS 4 to pass the I / O input value from the device to the plurality of OS 4 Actually, I / O input was performed.

  In the multiplexing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the I / O input synchronization unit 8 has an I / O input table 11 that further holds an I / O input value from the target device. If an I / O input value from the device 2 is not obtained even if there is an O input request, an I / O input request is obtained by obtaining an I / O input value by requesting the device 2. I / O input from the device 2 is actually performed to the OS-n that has been present, and if there is an I / O input request from another OS 4 thereafter, the I / O input is performed according to the stored I / O input value. It is possible to perform sequential I / O input without waiting for all I / O input requests to be completed. Here, only the I / O input process is changed, and the I / O output process and the interrupt process are the same as those of the multiplexing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of information registered in the I / O input table of the multiplexing device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  In the figure, information registered in the I / O input table (signal input table) 11 includes, for example, (a) I / O address 111 and (b) I / O input size similar to those in the I / O input table of FIG. 112, (c) Multiple entries are prepared with a series of information obtained by adding (d) the I / O input value 114 to the multiplexed I / O input request flags 113a to 113c for each OS 4 as one entry. Note that the storage order of the information 111 to 114 in the I / O input table 11 is not limited to the illustrated order. Further, the I / O input table 11 may include other information.

  FIG. 11 is a state transition diagram showing an example of I / O input processing by the multiplexing apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. According to this figure, when a plurality of values (I / O input values) actually input / output are stored in the I / O input table 11, the processing performed in each state and the transition to the next state An I / O input operation will be described while associating conditions.

(S501)
First, the I / O input process is in the state of S501 for waiting for an I / O input request from OS-n. In the state of S501, when the synchronous execution management unit 6 of the virtual machine monitor 3 detects an I / O input request from the OS-n, the state transitions to the state of S502.

(S502)
When the state transitions to S502, the synchronous execution management unit 6 temporarily suspends the execution of the OS-n that requested the I / O input, and the I / O input synchronization unit 8 stores the current I / O input table 11 in the I / O input table 11. Stores the target of the / O input (I / O address and size) and sets (ON) a flag indicating that there is an I / O input request in the corresponding part of the OS-n. It should be noted that the I / O address and size are not required if any of the OS-n that requested the I / O input first has already been stored, and the OS- that has already requested the I / O input. The correspondence between n is confirmed.

  When the processing in the state of SS502 is completed, the I / O input synchronization unit 8 refers to the I / O input table 11, and inputs an I / O input value from the target device of OS-n to the entry of the I / O address. Check if is stored.

  If no I / O input value is stored, the process proceeds to the state of S503. On the other hand, when the I / O input value is stored, the state transits to S504.

(S503)
When the state transitions to the state of S503, the I / O input synchronization unit 8 requests I / O input from the target device, and stores the I / O input value obtained from the target device in the entry of the I / O address. Then, the state transits to S504.

(S504)
When the state transitions to the state of S504, the synchronous execution management unit 6 inputs the I / O input value to the OS-n that has been temporarily suspended due to the current I / O input request, and resumes execution.

  When the processing in the state of S504 is completed, the I / O input synchronization unit 8 refers to the entry of the I / O input table 11, and all the OS-n multiplexed here in the I / O address portion (here Then, it is checked whether the I / O input request flags of OS-A4a to OS-C4c) are set.

  If some of the I / O input request flags have not been set yet (no I / O input has been requested from some OS-n), the process returns to the waiting state of S501. On the other hand, if all the I / O input request flags are set (I / O input requests are prepared from all the OS-n), the process proceeds to the state of S505.

(S505)
When the state transitions to the state of S505, the I / O address and size portion is deleted from the I / O input table 11, the flag indicating the I / O input request of each OS-n is reset and not set (OFF) Then, the process transits to the waiting state of S501.

  FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the transition of the I / O input table accompanying the state transition of the I / O input process of the multiplexing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. I / O input request flag FLG-A of OS-A, I / O input value VAL from target device, I / O of I / O input request flags FLG_B, FLG_C of OS-B, OS-C An example of input processing is shown. Here, only the transition of the table information is shown, and description of temporary suspension and resumption of OS-n in the description of FIG. 11 is omitted.

  In the figure, for example, when the I / O input request flag FLG-A, the I / O input value VAL, the I / O input request flags FLG_B, and FLG_C are generated in this order, the state transition based on FIG. 11 is shown. The I / O input value VAL from the target device is held until it is input to all the OS-n after generation. Further, when an I / O input request is issued from all OS-n and an I / O input value is input, the entry in the I / O input table is reset. The generation order of the I / O input value VAL and I / O input request flags FLG-A, FLG_B, and FLG_C from the target device is not limited to the order shown in this example.

  As described above, in the I / O input processing, even if the I / O input requests from all the OS-n are not arranged in the I / O input table 11, the I / O input request is issued to the OS-n having the I / O input request. Actually, I / O input from the target device can be performed sequentially. Even if there is an I / O input request, if an I / O input value from the target device is not obtained, an I / O input value is obtained by requesting the target device to obtain an I / O input value. It is possible to actually input I / O from the target device to the requested OS-n.

  Here, the number of entries in the I / O input table 11 can be set arbitrarily, but there is no I / O input request from some OS-n, or even if there is an I / O input request, the target device can When there is no / O input, the entries in the I / O input table 11 are held without being reset, and when there are not enough entries, processing predetermined in the event of an abnormality such as notification to the OS-n or operation stop, You may make it perform operation | movement. If the number of multiplexed OS-n operating normally can remain 2 or 3 or more, disconnect only OS-n for which there is no I / O input request for a long period and continue the system processing or After OS-n is restarted, it may be multiplexed again.

  In the I / O input processing of the multiplexing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, each OS-n makes an I / O input request without waiting until the I / O input requests from all the OS-n are completed. At this point, if the I / O input value is stored in the I / O input table, it is sequentially executed, and the device stores the I / O input value in the I / O input table, so that the device Each OS-n after requesting I / O input can continue I / O input without stopping. In the I / O output process, the OS-n operation is temporarily performed until each OS-n outputs an I / O in the I / O output process and the I / O outputs from all the OS-n are obtained. By stopping, as in the multiplexing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the distribution of the CPU execution time to other operating OS-n increases, and the processing can be executed efficiently.

  As described above, according to the multiplexing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as with the multiplexing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the virtual machine monitor, the OS operating on the virtual machine monitor, and the device driver Since it is not necessary to add or change software for each dedicated I / O device, a multi-system can be easily configured even for conventional applications and OSs that have not been created with the multi-system in mind. Reliability can be increased.

  Further, according to the multiplexing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as in the multiplexing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, by checking the I / O output value in the virtual machine monitor, Even without creating a dedicated I / O device, the reliability of I / O access to an already used I / O device can be improved.

  In addition, according to the multiplexing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, as with the multiplexing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the execution performance is achieved by using hardware having a multi CPU and a multi-core CPU. In addition, it is possible to detect and correct even when the I / O output value becomes abnormal due to abnormal operation of the CPU, and the reliability can be improved.

  Also, according to the multiplexing apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention, the virtual machine monitor can maintain the I / O of another OS-n by holding a plurality of I / O input values in the I / O input table 11. The number of times to wait for the O input can be reduced, and the execution performance can be improved.

  As described above, according to the multiplexing apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of operating systems (OS) are started to execute common applications, and signal input / output to / from a device is managed to control a plurality of OSs. A synchronization execution management unit (synchronization execution management unit) that controls each of the operations, an I / O output synchronization unit (signal output synchronization unit) that outputs a signal to a device based on each signal output value from a plurality of OSs, An I / O input synchronization unit (signal input synchronization means) for inputting a signal input value from a device to an OS that requested a signal input based on each I / O input request (signal input request) from a plurality of OSs Thus, the reliability of I / O access to the I / O device can be improved without creating a dedicated I / O device.

  Further, according to the multiplexing apparatus of the present invention, the multiplexing system that does not need to add or change software such as an operating system (OS) and a device driver that operate in a multiplexed manner for each dedicated I / O device. Can be obtained.

1 hardware, 2 devices (I / O device), 2x device X, 2y device Y, 2z device Z, 3 virtual machine monitor, 4 OS (operating system), 4a OS-A, 4b OS-B, 4c OS- C, 5 Device driver, 5a Device driver A, 5b Device driver B, 5c Device driver C, 6 Synchronous execution manager (synchronous execution manager), 7 I / O output synchronizer (signal output synchronizer), 8 I / O input synchronization unit (signal input synchronization unit), 9 interrupt notification synchronization unit (interrupt notification synchronization unit), 10 I / O output table (signal output table), 11 I / O input table (signal input table).

Claims (13)

Synchronous execution management means for starting a plurality of operating systems (OS), causing each to execute a common application, managing signal input / output with a device, and controlling each operation of the plurality of OSs;
Signal output synchronization means for outputting a signal to the device based on each signal output value from the plurality of OSs;
And a signal input synchronization means for inputting a signal input value from the device to the OS that requested the signal input based on each signal input request from the plurality of OSs. An interrupt notification synchronization unit that, when notified of an interrupt from the device, causes the plurality of OSes to execute processing corresponding to the interrupt;
2. The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the synchronization execution management unit notifies the interrupt notification synchronization unit that an interrupt has occurred when detecting an interrupt from the device. The signal output synchronization means includes
A signal output table for holding signal output values from the plurality of OSs;
The signal output value is output to the device when each of the plurality of OS registers a signal output value in the signal output table and the signal output values match when all the signal output values are obtained. The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 2. The signal output synchronization means, when at least one of the signal output values registered in the signal output table does not match, determines the signal output value by majority decision and outputs the signal to the device. 3. The multiplexing apparatus according to 3. The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the signal output synchronization means executes a predetermined process when an abnormality occurs when at least one of the signal output values registered in the signal output table does not match. . The synchronous execution management means includes
The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the operation of the OS whose signal output value is registered in the signal output table of the signal output synchronization means is temporarily stopped until a signal is output to the device, and is restarted after the signal is output. The signal input synchronization means includes
A signal input table for holding each signal input request from the plurality of OSs;
Each of the plurality of OS registers a signal input request in the signal input table, and when all the signal input requests are complete, requests an input value from the device and inputs a signal to the OS that requested the signal input. The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The synchronous execution management means includes
The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the operation of the OS that has registered a signal input request in the signal input table of the signal input synchronization unit is temporarily stopped until a signal is input to the device, and is restarted after the signal is input. The signal input synchronization means includes
A signal input table for holding each signal input request from the plurality of OSs and an input value from the device;
When a signal input request is first registered in the signal input table from any of the plurality of OSs, an input value from the device is requested and held in the signal input table, and the OS that has requested the signal input receives the OS The multiplexing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the input value held in the signal input table is input as a signal. A synchronous execution management step of starting a plurality of operating systems (OS), causing each to execute a common application, managing signal input / output with a device, and controlling each operation of the plurality of OSs;
A signal output synchronization step of outputting a signal to the device based on each signal output value from the plurality of OSs;
And a signal input synchronization step of inputting a signal input value from the device to the OS that requested the signal input based on each signal input request from the plurality of OSs. When detecting an interrupt from the device, an interrupt detection step for notifying that an interrupt has occurred;
The multiplexing method according to claim 10, further comprising: an interrupt notification synchronization step for causing the plurality of OSs to execute processing corresponding to an interrupt when an interrupt from the device is notified. A synchronous execution management step of starting a plurality of operating systems (OS), causing each to execute a common application, managing signal input / output with a device, and controlling each operation of the plurality of OSs;
A signal output synchronization step of outputting a signal to the device based on each signal output value from the plurality of OSs;
A multiplexing program for causing a computer to execute a signal input synchronization step of inputting a signal input value from the device to the OS that requested the signal input based on each signal input request from the plurality of OSs. When detecting an interrupt from the device, an interrupt detection step for notifying that an interrupt has occurred;
13. The multiplexing program according to claim 12, which, when notified of an interrupt from the device, causes a computer to execute an interrupt notification synchronization step that causes the plurality of OSs to execute processing corresponding to the interrupt.

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