JP2014073010A - Distribution panel and power control method - Google Patents

Abstract

A distribution board capable of smoothly switching power supply to an independent state is provided.
Distribution board 500 is a supply point of power supplied from power line 510 for supplying power to load 540, detector 501 for detecting a power failure, power system 204, and power supply device 520. When the switch 511 that switches the connection state between the power supply points, the power storage unit 503 that functions as a power supply source for the distribution panel 500 to operate during a power failure, and the detection unit 501 detect a power failure, the power storage unit 503 The control unit 502 forms a circuit in the distribution board 500 for supplying power from the power supply device 520 to the load 540 by turning off the switch 511 using the power supplied from the power supply device 520.
[Selection] Figure 9

Description

  The present invention relates to a distribution board for supplying power to a load provided in a building, and a power control method performed in the distribution board.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a self-sustained operation support device that allows a fuel cell system to operate independently during a power failure.

JP 2008-22650 A

  However, switching to a self-supporting state that does not use power from the power system requires installation of various devices and appropriate control thereof. Therefore, it is difficult to smoothly switch to the self-supporting state.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a distribution board that can smoothly switch the use state of power to an independent state.

  A distribution board according to one embodiment of the present invention is a distribution board that supplies power to a load provided in a building, and is supplied from an electric power system or an external power supply device. An electric power line for supplying electric power to the load, wherein an electric power supply point that is an electric power supply point supplied from the electric power supply device is provided between the electric power system and the load, and from the electric power system A detection unit that detects a power failure in a state where power is not supplied to the power line, and is provided between the power system and the power supply point, and when turned on, between the power system and the power supply point. A first switch that switches the connection state to non-conduction when turned off, a power storage unit that functions as a power supply source for operating the distribution board at the time of the power failure, Previous When the detection unit detects the power failure, the power supply device uses the power supplied from the power storage unit to turn off the first switch to make the connection state non-conductive. A controller for forming a circuit for supplying power to the load in the distribution board.

  Note that these comprehensive or specific aspects may be realized by a system, method, integrated circuit, computer program, or non-transitory recording medium such as a computer-readable CD-ROM. The present invention may be realized by any combination of an integrated circuit, a computer program, and a recording medium.

  The distribution board of the present invention can smoothly switch the power usage state to the self-sustaining state.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a power supply system according to an assumed technology. FIG. 2 is an external view showing the smart distribution board and the independent outlet according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating the power supply system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a first operation example of the smart distribution board according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5A is a flowchart showing power transmission control to a self-supporting outlet according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 5B is a flowchart showing power transmission control to the self-supporting outlet according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a second operation example of the smart distribution board according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a third operation example of the smart distribution board according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram illustrating a power supply system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram illustrating a power supply system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the distribution board according to the third embodiment. FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram illustrating a power supply system according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram illustrating a power supply system according to the fifth embodiment.

(Knowledge that became the basis of the present invention)
In recent years, photovoltaic power generation (PV) systems, fuel cells (FC), and the like have begun to spread to ordinary houses. The present inventor has found that the following problems occur with these techniques.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a power supply system assumed by the present inventor. The power supply system 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 supplies power to the devices 124 to 126 and the independent devices 121 to 123. Below, each component shown by FIG. 1 is demonstrated concretely.

  The main distribution board 101 is a distribution board having a branch circuit. The main distribution board 101 receives power from the power system 104 or the like. The main distribution board 101 supplies power to each of the devices 124 to 126.

  The self-standing distribution board 102 is an additional distribution board having a branch circuit. The independent distribution board 102 receives electric power from the system / independent switch 103. And the independent distribution board 102 supplies electric power to each of the independent devices 121-123. In particular, the independent distribution board 102 supplies power to each of the independent devices 121 to 123 even when the power system 104 does not supply power.

  The system / independent switching device 103 is a switching device for turning on the system power or turning on the independent power. For example, when the power grid 104 supplies power, the grid power is turned on. On the other hand, when the power grid 104 is not supplying power, the self-sustained power is turned on.

  The power system 104 is a power supply system provided by an electric power company. In the photovoltaic power generation panel (PV panel) 105 and the fuel cell (FC) 109, stable and sufficient power may not be obtained. Therefore, even when the solar power generation panel 105 and the fuel cell 109 are used, the power system 104 is used.

  The solar power generation panel 105 is also called a solar panel, a solar cell panel, or a solar cell module, and generates power using sunlight. For example, the solar power generation panel 105 includes a plurality of solar cells arranged in a panel shape.

  A photovoltaic power conditioner (PV PCS) 106 adjusts the power supplied from the photovoltaic power generation panel 105. For example, the photovoltaic power conditioner 106 converts the electric power supplied from the photovoltaic power generation panel 105 from direct current to alternating current.

  The storage battery (SB) 107 stores electric power supplied from the solar power generation panel 105 or the fuel cell 109.

  The storage battery power conditioner (SB PCS) 108 adjusts the power supplied to the storage battery 107 or the power supplied from the storage battery 107. For example, the storage battery power conditioner 108 converts the power supplied to the storage battery 107 from alternating current to direct current. The storage battery power conditioner 108 converts the power supplied from the storage battery 107 from direct current to alternating current.

  The fuel cell 109 generates power using a chemical reaction of fuel. For example, the fuel cell 109 generates power by reacting hydrogen and oxygen.

  The independent outlets 111 to 113 are interfaces for connecting the independent devices 121 to 123 to the power supply system 10. Even when power is not supplied from the power system 104 to the independent outlets 111 to 113, power is supplied from the solar power generation panel 105 or the like.

  The outlets 114 to 116 are interfaces for connecting the devices 124 to 126 to the power supply system 10. When power is not supplied from the power system 104, power is not supplied to the outlets 114 to 116 from anywhere.

  The self-supporting devices 121 to 123 are devices that operate by receiving power supply. For example, the self-supporting devices 121 to 123 are home appliances to which power is always supplied. A typical example of these is a refrigerator.

  The devices 124 to 126 are devices that operate by receiving power supply, and are, for example, home appliances that are allowed to stop. A typical example of these is room lighting equipment that is not frequently used.

  Breakers 131-133, 142, 151-153, and main breaker 141 interrupt the circuit when an overcurrent or a leakage current is detected.

  Current transformers (CT) 143 to 145 are sensors for measuring current in main distribution board 101. The photovoltaic power conditioner 106, the storage battery power conditioner 108, and the fuel cell 109 supply power to the main distribution board 101 according to the measured current state.

  Switches 154 to 156 and 161 to 163 switch the connection state to conduction when turned on, and switch the connection state to non-conduction when turned off. The switch 157 switches the connection state (path) from the photovoltaic power generation panel 105, the storage battery 107, and the fuel cell 109 to the self-supporting distribution board 102. By switching these, the grid power or the stand-alone power is turned on.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the power supply system 10 will be specifically described in the case where the system power is turned on and the case where the independent power is turned on.

  First, when the system power is turned on, the power system 104 supplies power to the main distribution board 101. The solar power generation panel 105 also supplies power to the main distribution board 101 via the solar power generation power conditioner 106. Further, the fuel cell 109 also supplies power to the main distribution board 101 via the system / independent switch 103.

  Further, power is supplied from the main distribution board 101 to the storage battery 107 or from the storage battery 107 to the main distribution board 101 via the storage battery power conditioner 108, the system / independent switch 103, and the like.

  The main distribution board 101 supplies power to the devices 124 to 126. The main distribution board 101 supplies power to the independent distribution board 102 via the system / independent switching device 103. The independent distribution board 102 supplies power to the independent devices 121 to 123.

  On the other hand, when the independent power is turned on, the photovoltaic power generation panel 105, the storage battery 107, and the fuel cell 109 do not supply power to the main distribution board 101.

  The photovoltaic power conditioner 106 supplies the electric power from the photovoltaic panel 105 to the storage battery power conditioner 108. The storage battery power conditioner 108 supplies power from the solar power generation panel 105 to the storage battery 107. The storage battery power conditioner 108 also supplies power from the storage battery 107 to the system / independent switch 103. The fuel cell 109 supplies power to the grid / independent switch 103.

  The grid / independent switch 103 supplies the power from the photovoltaic power generation panel 105, the power from the storage battery 107, and the power from the fuel cell 109 to the independent distribution board 102. The independent distribution board 102 supplies power to the independent devices 121 to 123.

  With the above configuration and operation, the power supply system 10 supplies power to the independent devices 121 to 123 both when the power system 104 supplies power and when the power system 104 does not supply power. Can do.

  However, in the power supply system 10, it is necessary to newly install a stand-alone distribution board 102, a system / independent switch 103, and the like. Switching from a state where the power system 104 is used to a state where the power system 104 is not used is not easy because it is necessary to appropriately control these devices.

  Furthermore, power may not be supplied from the power system 104 due to a serious natural disaster such as an earthquake. In this case, a gas leak or the like may have occurred. Therefore, in this case, it may not be appropriate for the photovoltaic power generation panel 105 or the like to supply power to the self-supporting devices 121 to 123. Therefore, manual switching may be more appropriate than automatic switching. However, since manual switching requires a complicated operation, there is a possibility that safety may be impaired by an incorrect operation.

  Patent document 1 shows an autonomous driving support device. However, Patent Document 1 does not solve the above problem.

  In order to solve such a problem, a distribution board according to one embodiment of the present invention is a distribution board that supplies power to a load provided in a building, and is supplied from a power system or externally. A power line for supplying power supplied from a power supply device provided to the load to the load, wherein a power supply point that is a supply point of power supplied from the power supply device is between the power system and the load A power line provided in the power system, a detection unit that detects a power outage in a state where power is not supplied from the power system to the power line, and provided between the power system and the power supply point. A first switch for switching a connection state between a power system and the power supply point to conductive and switching the connection state to non-conductive when turned off; and for operating the distribution board at the time of the power failure Electric power When the power storage unit functioning as a power source and the detection unit detects the power outage, by turning off the first switch using the power supplied from the power storage unit to make the connection state non-conductive, A control unit for forming a circuit for supplying power from the power supply device to the load during the power failure in the distribution board.

  Thereby, the some component for switching the utilization state of electric power to a self-supporting state is collected inside the distribution board. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly switch the power usage state to the self-sustaining state with the distribution board without installing a large number of devices.

  For example, the distribution board further switches the connection state between the power supply device and the power line to conduction when turned on, and switches the connection state to non-conduction when turned off. A second switch, and when the second switch is turned off when the detection unit detects the power failure, the control unit turns off the first switch and then turns the second switch on. The switch may be turned on.

  Thereby, after the connection state to the power system is switched to non-conduction, the connection state to the power supply device is switched to conduction. Therefore, reverse tide is suppressed.

  For example, the detection unit may detect the power failure by acquiring information indicating the power failure from a power failure sensor that detects the power failure.

  Thereby, the power failure sensor inside or outside the distribution board is used. Therefore, a power failure is appropriately detected.

  Further, for example, the detection unit further acquires information indicating at least one of gas leakage and electric leakage from at least one of the gas leakage sensor and the electric leakage sensor, detects an emergency state of the building, and performs the control. The unit may further turn off the second switch when the detection unit detects the emergency state.

  Thereby, in the case of gas leakage or electric leakage, supply of electric power is stopped. Therefore, it is possible to supply power more safely.

  For example, the detection unit further detects an abnormality in the distribution board, and the distribution board further includes a notification unit that notifies the abnormality when the detection unit detects the abnormality. Also good.

  Thereby, it is notified whether the distribution board is operating appropriately. Therefore, it is possible to reliably switch the power usage state to the self-sustaining state.

  Further, for example, when power is supplied from the power system, the control unit may operate using the power supplied from the power system.

  Thereby, the control unit operates with stable and sufficient power. Therefore, the reliability of the distribution board is improved.

  In addition, for example, the load includes a plurality of loads, the plurality of loads are connected to the power line via a plurality of outlets, and the distribution board further includes power supplied to the plurality of loads. A load power measuring unit that measures the power supply, and each is provided between the power line and one of the plurality of outlets, and when turned on, the connection state between the power line and the outlet And a plurality of third switches that switch the connection state to non-conduction when turned off, and the control unit is configured such that the power measured by the load power measurement unit is If the power that can be output exceeds a predetermined power, any one of the plurality of third switches may be turned off.

  Thereby, in the case of power shortage, a state where none of the plurality of loads can obtain power is avoided.

  Further, for example, the power supply device includes a power storage device including a storage battery, the load includes a plurality of loads, and the power line is connected to the plurality of loads via a plurality of outlets, and the power distribution The panel further includes a load power measuring unit that measures power supplied to the plurality of loads, and a remaining power amount measuring unit that measures the remaining power amount of the storage battery, each of the power line and the plurality of outlets. A plurality of switches that are provided between any one of the outlets and switch the connection state between the power line and the outlet to conductive when turned on, and switch the connection state to non-conductive when turned off. A third switch, and when the amount of power supplied to the plurality of loads exceeds a remaining power amount of the storage battery within a predetermined period, the control unit includes a third switch of the plurality of third switches. Any third switch may be turned off.

  This avoids a state in which none of the plurality of loads can obtain power when the amount of remaining power is small.

  Further, for example, the control unit sets a priority order for each of the plurality of outlets, determines a target outlet from the plurality of outlets in order from the lowest priority order, and corresponds to the determined target outlet The third switch may be turned off.

  Thereby, electric power is more reliably supplied to the load connected to the outlet with higher priority.

  Further, for example, the control unit may change the priority order of each of the plurality of outlets for each predetermined period.

  As a result, the priority order of the outlets is changed according to the time zone or season. For example, it is possible to operate the heater more reliably at night in winter.

  For example, the power supply device may include at least one of a power storage device including a storage battery, a solar power generation device, and a fuel cell device.

  Accordingly, it is possible to use power stored in advance, power generated by sunlight, power generated by a chemical reaction of fuel, or the like.

  In addition, for example, the power supply device includes a power storage device including a storage battery, a solar power generation device, and a fuel cell device, and the second switch is connected between the power storage device and the power line when turned on. The connection state between the photovoltaic power generation device and the power line is turned on when the power storage switch that switches the connection state between conduction and the storage switch that switches the connection state to non-conduction when turned off When switched on and off, the photovoltaic power generation switch that switches the connection state to non-conductive, and when turned on, the connection state between the fuel cell device and the power line is switched to conductive and turned off A fuel cell switch that switches the connection state to non-conducting, and when the detection unit detects the power failure, the control unit turns on the power storage switch and then Photovoltaic switches or may be on the fuel cell switch.

  Thereby, the power storage device is activated first. The time from when the power storage device is activated until the power is supplied is relatively short. Accordingly, power supply is started earlier.

  In addition, for example, the power supply device includes a power storage device including a storage battery, a solar power generation device, and a fuel cell device. The power line includes (i) the power storage device, the solar power generation device, and the fuel cell. A power adjustment device that adjusts the power supplied from the device is connected via the second switch, and (ii) the power storage device, the solar power generation device, and the fuel cell device are connected to the power adjustment device and the power supply device. It may be connected via a second switch.

  Thereby, the structure for connecting a distribution board to an electrical storage apparatus, a solar power generation device, and a fuel cell apparatus is simplified.

  Further, for example, when the first switch is turned on, the control unit may charge the power storage unit with power supplied from the power system.

  Thereby, the power storage unit is charged with stable and sufficient power. Therefore, the reliability of the distribution board is improved.

  In addition, for example, the distribution board further includes a fourth switch that receives an instruction from a user, the detection unit further detects the instruction received by the fourth switch, and the control unit When the detection unit detects the power failure and when the detection unit detects the instruction, the power supplied from the power supply device is supplied to the load by turning on the second switch. You may supply.

  Thereby, the utilization state of electric power can be switched to a self-supporting state more safely. And electric power is supplied more safely.

  For example, the distribution board may further include an illumination unit that illuminates the fourth switch at the time of the power failure.

  Thereby, a user can visually recognize a switch at the time of a power failure at night. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly switch the power usage state to the self-sustaining state.

  Further, for example, the detection unit acquires information indicating the power failure from the power failure sensor, which is a sensor provided outside the distribution board and is attached to the power supply device, and detects the power failure. May be.

  Thereby, the sensor accompanying a power supply device is used for detection of a power failure. Therefore, additional costs are suppressed.

  Note that these comprehensive or specific aspects may be realized by a system, method, integrated circuit, computer program, or non-transitory recording medium such as a computer-readable CD-ROM. The present invention may be realized by any combination of an integrated circuit, a computer program, or a recording medium.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that each of the embodiments described below shows a comprehensive or specific example. The numerical values, shapes, materials, constituent elements, arrangement positions and connection forms of the constituent elements, steps, order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, among the constituent elements in the following embodiments, constituent elements that are not described in the independent claims indicating the highest concept are described as optional constituent elements.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 2 is an external view showing a smart distribution board and a self-supporting outlet according to the present embodiment. The smart distribution board 200 shown in FIG. 2 supplies power to the independent outlet 211 and the like.

  The smart distribution board 200 is a distribution board having a branch circuit, and includes a blackout lamp 201 and a self-supporting switch 202. The self-supporting switch 202 is a switch for the user to switch the power usage state to the self-supporting state. The self-supporting switch 202 may be covered with a cover that protects the self-supporting switch 202 from erroneous operation. The cover may be openable and closable, or may be assumed to be destroyed when the self-supporting switch 202 is operated. The blackout light 201 illuminates the self-supporting switch 202 at the time of a power failure.

  The first self-supporting outlet 211 is installed together with a panel 271 including a label 281 and a warning light 291. A label 281 indicates the priority order of the independent outlet 211. The warning light 291 indicates that electric power can be obtained from the independent outlet 211 or that electric power cannot be obtained from the independent outlet 211. The panel 271 may be provided with a display unit (display) for displaying detailed information. Alternatively, the warning lamp 291 may be a display unit (display).

  Similarly, a second free standing outlet 212 is installed with a panel 272 that includes a label 282 and a warning light 292. A third free standing outlet 213 is installed with a panel 273 that includes a label 283 and a warning light 293. The (N + 1) th free standing outlet 210 is installed with a panel 270 including a label 280 and a warning light 290. A panel installed together with an outlet or a self-standing outlet may be referred to as an outlet or a self-standing outlet.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a power supply system including the smart distribution board 200 shown in FIG. The power supply system 20 illustrated in FIG. 3 supplies power to the independent devices 321 to 323 and the devices 324 to 326. Below, each component shown by FIG. 3 is demonstrated concretely.

  The smart distribution board 200 is a distribution board having a branch circuit. The smart distribution board 200 receives electric power from an electric power system 204, a photovoltaic power generation panel (PV panel) 205, a storage battery (SB) 207, and a fuel cell (FC) 209. Then, the smart distribution board 200 supplies power to each of the independent devices 321 to 323 and the devices 324 to 326. In particular, the smart distribution board 200 supplies power to each of the independent devices 321 to 323 even when the power system 204 is not supplying power.

  Further, the smart distribution board 200 includes the blackout lamp 201 and the self-supporting switch 202 shown in FIG. Further, the smart distribution board 200 includes a detection unit 221, a control unit 222, a power storage unit 223, breakers 231-236, 242, 254, 255, a main breaker 241, a system relay 247, a solar power generation relay (PV relay) 248, A storage battery relay (SB relay) 251, a fuel cell relay (FC relay) 252, outlet relays 261 to 266, current transformers (CT) 243 to 245, and a power line 240 are provided.

  The detection unit 221 detects a power failure that is a state in which power is not supplied from the power system 204. In addition, the detection unit 221 detects a user instruction via the self-supporting switch 202. In addition, the detection unit 221 detects a gas leak via the gas leak detector 224.

  The controller 222 controls the operation of the smart distribution board 200. For example, the control unit 222 controls the system relay 247, the photovoltaic power generation relay 248, the storage battery relay 251, the fuel cell relay 252, and the outlet relays 261 to 266 based on the information detected by the detection unit 221.

  The power storage unit 223 charges the power supplied from the power system 204. And the electrical storage part 223 supplies electric power to each component contained in the smart electricity distribution panel 200 at the time of a power failure. The power storage unit 223 may charge the power supplied from the solar power generation panel 205, the storage battery 207, and the fuel cell 209 during a power failure.

  Breakers 231-236, 242, 254, 255, and main breaker 241 interrupt the circuit when an overcurrent or a leakage current is detected. These may shut off the circuit by the user's operation.

  The power line 240 is a power line for supplying power to the independent devices 321 to 323 and the devices 324 to 326.

  Current transformers 243 to 245 are sensors for measuring current in smart distribution board 200, respectively. The photovoltaic power conditioner (PV PCS) 206, the storage battery power conditioner (SB PCS) 208, and the fuel cell 209 supply power to the smart distribution board 200 according to the measured current state.

  The system relay 247, the photovoltaic power generation relay 248, the storage battery relay 251, the fuel cell relay 252, and the outlet relays 261 to 266 are each a kind of switch, and open and close an electric circuit by an electric signal. Specifically, the control unit 222 turns these on and off, respectively. Each of these switches the connection state to conduction when turned on, and switches the connection state to non-conduction when turned off.

  The power system 204 is a power supply system provided by an electric power company. In the photovoltaic power generation panel 205 and the fuel cell 209, stable and sufficient power may not be obtained. Therefore, even when the solar power generation panel 205 and the fuel cell 209 are used, the power system 204 is used.

  The solar power generation panel 205 is also called a solar panel, a solar cell panel, or a solar cell module, and generates power using sunlight. For example, the solar power generation panel 205 includes a plurality of solar cells arranged in a panel shape.

  The photovoltaic power conditioner 206 adjusts the electric power supplied from the photovoltaic power generation panel 205. For example, the photovoltaic power conditioner 206 converts the electric power supplied from the photovoltaic power generation panel 205 from direct current to alternating current.

  The storage battery 207 stores electric power supplied from the solar power generation panel 205 or the fuel cell 209.

  The storage battery power conditioner 208 adjusts the power supplied to the storage battery 207 or the power supplied from the storage battery 207. For example, the storage battery power conditioner 208 converts the power supplied to the storage battery 207 from alternating current to direct current. The storage battery power conditioner 208 converts the power supplied from the storage battery 207 from direct current to alternating current.

  The fuel cell 209 generates power using a chemical reaction of fuel. For example, the fuel cell 209 generates power by reacting hydrogen and oxygen.

  The independent outlets 211 to 213 are interfaces for connecting the independent devices 321 to 323 to the power supply system 20. Even when power is not supplied from the power system 204 to the independent outlets 211 to 213, power is supplied from the photovoltaic power generation panel 205 or the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the independent outlets 211 to 213 are installed together with warning lights 291 to 293.

  The outlets 214 to 216 are interfaces for connecting the devices 324 to 326 to the power supply system 20. When power is not supplied from the power system 204, power is not supplied to the outlets 214 to 216.

  The self-supporting devices 321 to 323 are devices that operate by receiving power supply, for example, home appliances to which power is to be constantly supplied. A typical example of these is a refrigerator.

  The devices 324 to 326 are devices that operate by receiving power supply, and are, for example, household appliances that are allowed to stop. A typical example of these is room lighting equipment that is not frequently used.

  The gas leak detector 224 is a sensor that detects a gas leak. The gas leak detector 224 may be provided in the smart distribution board 200 or in the detection unit 221.

  When power is supplied from the power system 204, the power is supplied to the power line 240 via the system relay 247, the main breaker 241, and the like. Further, the electric power supplied from the solar power generation panel 205 is supplied to the power line 240 through the solar power generation power conditioner 206, the solar power generation relay 248, the breaker 242, the main breaker 241, and the like.

  The electric power supplied from the storage battery 207 is supplied to the power line 240 via the storage battery power conditioner 208, the storage battery relay 251, the breaker 254, and the like. The electric power supplied from the fuel cell 209 is supplied to the power line 240 via the fuel cell relay 252 and the breaker 255 and the like.

  The electric power supplied to the power line 240 is supplied to the independent outlets 211 to 213 and the outlets 214 to 216 via the breakers 231 to 236 and the outlet relays 261 to 266. The electric power supplied to the independent outlets 211 to 213 and the outlets 214 to 216 is supplied to the independent devices 321 to 323 and the devices 324 to 326.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a first operation example of the smart distribution board 200 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 4 shows the operation during a power failure. Further, in the operation example shown in FIG. 4, switching is automatically performed.

  First, the detection part 221 takes in sensor information from the power failure sensor which detects a power failure, and the gas leak detector 224, respectively (S101). The power failure sensor may be provided in the detection unit 221, may be provided in a device inside or outside the smart distribution board 200, or may be provided independently of other devices. The detection unit 221 may be a power failure sensor. The detection unit 221 detects a power failure or gas leak based on the sensor information.

  When a power failure is not detected (No in S102) and when no gas leak is detected (No in S103), the smart distribution board 200 repeats the process from the beginning.

  When a power failure is not detected (No in S102) and when a gas leak is detected (Yes in S103), the detection unit 221 notifies a gas leak alarm (S104). Thereafter, the smart distribution board 200 repeats the process from the beginning. If a power failure is detected (Yes in S102) and a gas leak is also detected (Yes in S103), the detection unit 221 similarly notifies a gas leak alarm (S104). Then, the smart distribution board 200 repeats the process from the beginning.

  When a power failure is detected (Yes in S102) and no gas leak is detected (No in S105), the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the system relay 247 to non-conduction. As a result, the power line 240 and the power system 204 are disconnected (S106). Thereby, the reverse power flow to the electric power system 204 is suppressed. At this time, the control unit 222 may switch the connection state of all the relays to non-conduction.

  Next, the control part 222 starts the storage battery system (the storage battery 207 and the storage battery power conditioner 208) (S109). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing activation to the storage battery power conditioner 208. And the control part 222 switches the connection state in the storage battery relay 251 to conduction. As a result, power is supplied from the storage battery 207 to the power line 240.

  Next, the control unit 222 activates the photovoltaic power generation system (the photovoltaic power generation panel 205 and the photovoltaic power conditioner 206) (S110). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing activation to the photovoltaic power conditioner 206. And the control part 222 switches the connection state in the solar power generation relay 248 to conduction. As a result, power is supplied from the photovoltaic power generation panel 205 to the power line 240.

  Next, the control unit 222 starts up the independent outlets 211 to 213 (S111). That is, the control unit 222 supplies power to the independent outlets 211 to 213. Specifically, the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the outlet relays 261 to 263 to conduction. Thereby, electric power is supplied from the power line 240 to the independent outlets 211 to 213.

  Next, the control unit 222 activates the fuel cell system (fuel cell 209) (S112). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing activation to the fuel cell 209. Then, the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the fuel cell relay 252 to conduction. As a result, power is supplied from the fuel cell 209 to the power line 240.

  Next, the detection unit 221 detects power recovery (S113). Here, the detection unit 221 waits until power recovery is detected (No in S113).

  When power recovery is detected (Yes in S113), the control unit 222 disconnects the independent outlets 211 to 213 (S114). That is, the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the outlet relays 261 to 263 to non-conduction.

  Next, the control unit 222 stops the fuel cell system (S115). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing the fuel cell 209 to stop. And the control part 222 switches the connection state in the fuel cell relay 252 to non-conduction.

  Next, the control unit 222 stops the photovoltaic power generation system (S116). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing the photovoltaic power generation power conditioner 206 to stop. And the control part 222 switches the connection state in the solar power generation relay 248 to non-conduction.

  Next, the control part 222 stops a storage battery system (S117). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing the storage battery power conditioner 208 to stop. And the control part 222 switches the connection state in the storage battery relay 251 to non-conduction.

  Next, the control part 222 switches the connection state in the system relay 247 to conduction (S118). As a result, power is supplied from the power system 204 to the power line 240.

  Next, the control part 222 starts a storage battery system (S119). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing activation to the storage battery power conditioner 208. And the control part 222 switches the connection state in the storage battery relay 251 to conduction. As a result, power is supplied from the storage battery 207 to the power line 240.

  Next, the control part 222 starts a solar power generation system (S120). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing activation to the photovoltaic power conditioner 206. And the control part 222 switches the connection state in the solar power generation relay 248 to conduction. As a result, power is supplied from the photovoltaic power generation panel 205 to the power line 240.

  Next, the control unit 222 starts up the independent outlets 211 to 213 and the outlets 214 to 216 (S121). That is, the control unit 222 supplies power to the independent outlets 211 to 213 and the outlets 214 to 216. Specifically, the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the outlet relays 261 to 266 to conduction. Thereby, electric power is supplied from the power line 240 to the independent outlets 211 to 213 and the outlets 214 to 216.

  Next, the control unit 222 activates the fuel cell system (S112). For example, the control unit 222 transmits a signal instructing activation to the fuel cell 209. Then, the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the fuel cell relay 252 to conduction. As a result, power is supplied from the fuel cell 209 to the power line 240.

  Thereafter, the smart distribution board 200 repeats the process from the beginning. That is, the detection unit 221 takes in sensor information again (S101).

  As described above, the storage battery system is first activated at the time of power failure and power recovery. Next, the solar power generation system is activated. Finally, the fuel cell system is activated. The time from when the storage battery system is activated until the power of the storage battery system is supplied is several seconds. The time from when the solar power generation system is activated until the power of the solar power generation system is supplied is several minutes. The time from when the fuel cell system is activated until the power of the fuel cell system is supplied is about one hour.

  Therefore, power is quickly supplied to the power line 240 by starting the storage battery system first. Note that the order of starting the solar power generation system (S110), starting the independent outlet (S111), and starting the fuel cell system (S112) is not limited to the example of FIG. 4 and may be any order. Further, the order of stopping is not limited to the example of FIG. 4, and the storage battery system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the fuel cell system may be stopped simultaneously.

  Further, at the time of power recovery, the storage battery system, the solar power generation system, and the fuel cell system are once stopped and then started. Thereby, the storage battery system, the solar power generation system, and the fuel cell system can supply AC power whose phase matches the phase of AC power supplied from the power system 204. If it is possible to match these phases in another way, the battery system, the photovoltaic system and the fuel cell system may not be stopped.

  Further, when power is supplied to all the independent outlets 211 to 213, there is a possibility that the power will be insufficient. Therefore, based on the priority order, power may be supplied only to the independent outlets with higher priority among the independent outlets 211 to 213.

  FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are flowcharts showing power transmission control to a plurality of independent outlets shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5A and 5B, it is assumed that N + 1 freestanding outlets and smart distribution board 200 are connected.

  First, the control unit 222 determines whether or not a power transmission condition to the first independent outlet is satisfied (S201).

  Specifically, the power transmission condition includes, for example, the following four conditions. First, the first condition is that the target independent outlet exists. The second condition is that the usable power rate is equal to or less than the first predetermined value. The usable power rate is expressed by the following Equation 1.

  Usable power ratio = current power consumption (W) / suppliable power (W) (Equation 1)

  The electric power that can be supplied is electric power that can be supplied by the storage battery system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the fuel cell system. The first predetermined value is, for example, 80% and is a value that does not cause an abnormality in a device such as a power conditioner.

  The third condition is that the remaining capacity of the storage battery is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value. For example, the second predetermined value is a value that can supply power during a planned power outage (about 3 to 5 hours). More specifically, the second predetermined value is the remaining battery capacity when the self-sustainable operation time represented by the following formula 2 is about 3 to 5 hours.

  Self-sustainable operation time = current storage battery remaining capacity (AH) / current consumption current (A) (Equation 2)

  In addition, Formula 2 may be replaced by Formula 3 using the self-sustained operation elapsed time that is an elapsed time since the start of the self-sustained operation.

  Self-sustainable operation time = current remaining battery capacity (AH) / current consumption current (A) + self-sustained operation elapsed time (Equation 3)

  The fourth condition is that the elapsed self-sustained operation time is equal to or less than a third predetermined value. For example, the third predetermined value is 90% of the autonomous operation possible time. The power transmission condition may be any of the above four conditions, or any combination thereof.

  When the power transmission condition to the first independent outlet is not satisfied (No in S201), the control unit 222 does not supply power to the first independent outlet. Then, the control unit 222 displays a warning on the first independent outlet (warning light). In other words, the control unit 222 notifies the warning light that power is not being supplied to the first independent outlet. The control unit 222 may display the remaining battery capacity on a self-supporting outlet. Then, the control unit 222 waits for a predetermined time (S202).

  Thereafter, the control unit 222 determines again whether or not the power transmission condition to the first independent outlet is satisfied (S201), and the subsequent processing is repeated.

  When the power transmission condition to the first independent outlet is satisfied (Yes in S201), the control unit 222 supplies power to the first independent outlet (S203). Here, when power is not supplied, power transmission is started. When power is already supplied, power transmission is continued.

  Next, the control unit 222 determines whether or not the power transmission condition to the second independent outlet is satisfied (S204). When the power transmission condition to the second independent outlet is not satisfied (No in S204), the control unit 222 does not supply power to the second independent outlet. Then, the control unit 222 displays a warning on the second independent outlet. Then, the control unit 222 waits for a predetermined time (S205). Thereafter, the control unit 222 determines again whether or not the power transmission condition to the first independent outlet is satisfied (S201), and the subsequent processing is repeated.

  When the power transmission condition to the second independent outlet is satisfied (Yes in S204), the control unit 222 supplies power to the second independent outlet (S206). Here, when power is not supplied, power transmission is started. When power is already supplied, power transmission is continued.

  Next, the control unit 222 determines whether or not the power transmission condition to the third independent outlet is satisfied (S207). When the power transmission condition to the third independent outlet is not satisfied (No in S207), the control unit 222 does not supply power to the third independent outlet. Then, the control unit 222 displays a warning on the third independent outlet. Then, the control unit 222 waits for a predetermined time (S208). Thereafter, the control unit 222 determines whether or not the power transmission condition to the second self-contained outlet immediately before is satisfied (S204), and the subsequent processing is repeated.

  When the power transmission condition to the third independent outlet is satisfied (Yes in S207), the control unit 222 supplies power to the third independent outlet (S209). Here, when power is not supplied, power transmission is started. When power is already supplied, power transmission is continued.

  Thereafter, the same processing is repeated (S210 to S229). That is, when the power transmission condition is satisfied, power transmission is performed, and it is determined whether or not the power transmission condition of the next independent outlet is satisfied. Then, when the power transmission condition is not satisfied, it is determined whether power transmission is not performed and the power transmission condition of the previous independent outlet is satisfied.

  After the process of starting power transmission to the N + 1th independent outlet or continuing the power transmission (S229), the control unit 222 determines whether the power transmission condition to the N + 2th independent outlet is satisfied (S230). Since there is no N + 2 independent outlet, when it is determined that the power transmission condition to the N + 2 independent outlet is satisfied (Yes in S230), the control unit 222 performs an abnormality process (S232). For example, the control unit 222 notifies an alarm.

  When it is determined that the power transmission condition to the N + 2th independent outlet is not satisfied (No in S230), the control unit 222 waits for a predetermined time (S231). Then, the control unit 222 determines again whether or not the power transmission condition to the (N + 1) th independent outlet is satisfied (S227), and the subsequent processing is repeated.

  According to the above procedure, power is preferentially supplied to an independent outlet having a high priority. For example, an outlet relay corresponding to an independent outlet with a high priority is turned on, and an outlet relay corresponding to an independent outlet with a low priority is turned off. Thereby, electric power is more reliably supplied to the independent outlet with high priority.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a second operation example of the smart distribution board 200 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 6 shows the operation during a power failure. Further, in the operation example shown in FIG. 6, switching is performed manually. The operation example shown in FIG. 6 is substantially the same as the operation example shown in FIG. In the operation example shown in FIG. 6, a lighting process for the blackout lamp 201 (S107) and a determination process for the self-supporting switch 202 (S108) are added.

  If power is supplied during a power outage, safety may be impaired. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 6, the autonomous operation is manually started.

  Specifically, after a power failure is detected and the connection state is switched to non-conduction by the system relay 247 (S106), the power failure lamp 201 is lit (S107). Then, it waits until the self-supporting switch 202 is turned on (No in S108). After the self-supporting switch 202 is turned on (Yes in S108), the storage battery system, the solar power generation system, and the fuel cell system are activated (S109, S110, S112).

  Thereby, after safety is confirmed by the user, electric power is supplied from the storage battery system, the solar power generation system, and the fuel cell system. Therefore, power can be supplied more safely. The smart distribution board 200 may operate in the automatic operation mode as shown in FIG. 4 or may operate in the manual operation mode as shown in FIG. The user may select either the automatic operation mode or the manual operation mode in advance. Then, the selected operation mode may be preset in the smart distribution board 200.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a third operation example of smart distribution board 200 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In the operation example shown in FIG. 7, a part of the operation examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 is changed.

  The sensor information capturing process (S101), the power failure determination process (S102), and the gas leakage determination process (S103) are the same as the processes shown in FIGS.

  In the operation example of FIG. 7, when a power failure is not detected (No in S102), and when a gas leak is detected (Yes in S103), the control unit 222 has the independent outlets 211 to 213 for ensuring safety. Then, the outlets 214 to 216 are disconnected (S301). That is, the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the outlet relays 261 to 266 to non-conduction. And the detection part 221 notifies a gas leak warning similarly to the process shown by FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 (S104).

  In the operation example of FIG. 7, when a power failure is detected (Yes in S <b> 102), the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the system relay 247 to non-conduction regardless of the gas leak determination result. As a result, the power line 240 and the power system 204 are disconnected (S302). Then, the control unit 222 disconnects the independent outlets 211 to 213 and the outlets 214 to 216 (S302). That is, the control unit 222 switches the connection state in the outlet relays 261 to 266 to non-conduction.

  In addition, the control unit 222 stops the fuel cell system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the storage battery system (S304, 305, S306). These processes are the same as the stop processes (S115, S116, S116) of the fuel cell system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the storage battery system shown in FIGS.

  That is, when a power failure is detected (Yes in S102), the power supply is stopped before the gas leakage determination process. After the supply of power is stopped, a gas leak determination process (S105) is performed. If a gas leak is detected (Yes in S105), the detection unit 221 notifies a gas leak alarm in the same manner as the processing shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 (S104).

  When the gas leakage is not detected (No in S105) and when the switching is automatically performed (Yes in S307), the control unit 222 activates the storage battery system (S109). The subsequent processing is the same as the operation example shown in FIG.

  When no gas leak is detected (No in S105), and when switching is not performed automatically (No in S307), the power failure lamp 201 is lit (S107). The subsequent processing is the same as the operation example shown in FIG.

  In the operation example of FIG. 7, at the time of a power failure, the connection state in the system relay 247 is switched to non-conduction regardless of the determination result of gas leakage. At this time, the supply of power is also stopped. Thereby, the reverse tide at the time of a power failure is suppressed more reliably. In addition, once the supply of power is stopped, the supply of power is resumed, so that the supply of power can be performed more safely and more stably.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the operation is switched in the smart distribution board 200. Therefore, it is possible to switch the operation more smoothly than installing various devices.

  Further, the smart distribution board 200 activates the storage battery system, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the fuel cell system in an appropriate order. Thereby, the smart distribution board 200 can supply electric power to the self-supporting devices 321 to 323 quickly.

  The smart distribution board 200 controls power transmission for each of the independent outlets 211 to 213. Thereby, the state where electric power is not supplied to any of the independent devices 321 to 323 is avoided.

  Note that the number of independent outlets and the number of outlets may be any number. Moreover, in this Embodiment, although the independent outlet and the normal outlet are distinguished, they do not need to be distinguished. For example, all may be freestanding outlets. And according to a priority, electric power may be supplied to them in an allowable range.

  Further, the smart distribution board 200 may include a display or a speaker for notifying various information. For example, the detection unit 221 may notify the detected information to the user via a display or a speaker. The control unit 222 may notify the user of information related to the operation via a display or a speaker.

(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment, each of photovoltaic power generation panel 205, storage battery 207, and fuel cell 209 is independently connected to smart distribution board 200. In the present embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation panel 205, the storage battery 207, and the fuel cell 209 are connected to one power conditioner. Then, the power conditioner is connected to the smart distribution board 200. It is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that these connection forms are different.

  Therefore, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since wiring is simplified, safety and reliability are improved.

  FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing the power supply system according to the present embodiment. In the power supply system 40 of FIG. 8, the photovoltaic power generation panel 205, the storage battery 207, and the fuel cell 209 are connected to a common power conditioner (PCS) 401. Then, the power conditioner 401 is connected to the smart distribution board 400.

  Specifically, the power conditioner 401 is connected to the power line 240 via the power conditioner relay (PCS relay) 448, the breaker 442, and the main breaker 241. The current transformer (CT) 443 is a sensor for measuring current in the smart distribution board 400. The power conditioner 401 supplies power to the smart distribution board 400 according to the measured current state.

  The control unit 422 controls the operation of the system relay 247 and the outlet relays 261 to 266, and further controls the operation of the power conditioner 401 and the power conditioner relay 448.

  For example, when the detection unit 221 detects a power failure, the control unit 422 turns off the system relay 247 and turns on the power conditioner relay 448. Further, the control unit 422 may transmit a signal instructing activation to the power conditioner 401. Thereby, electric power is supplied to the power line 240 from the photovoltaic power generation panel 205, the storage battery 207, and the fuel cell 209.

  Then, the control unit 422 turns on the outlet relays 261 to 263. As a result, power is supplied from the power line 240 to the independent devices 321 to 323 via the independent outlets 211 to 213.

  Compared with the power supply system 20 shown in FIG. 3, the wiring is simplified in the power supply system 40 shown in FIG. 8. Therefore, safety and reliability are improved.

  Further, the smart distribution board 400 according to the present embodiment switches the operation similarly to the smart distribution board 200 according to the first embodiment. Therefore, it is possible to switch the operation more smoothly than installing various devices.

  Moreover, the smart distribution board 400 which concerns on this Embodiment controls power transmission about each of the independent outlets 211-213 similarly to the smart distribution panel 200 which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. Thereby, the state where electric power is not supplied to any of the independent devices 321 to 323 is avoided.

  In the present embodiment, the power conditioner 401 starts the storage battery system, the solar power generation system, and the fuel cell system in an appropriate order. As a result, power is quickly supplied to the independent devices 321 to 323.

(Embodiment 3)
This embodiment shows a characteristic configuration and characteristic processing included in the first and second embodiments.

  FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing the power supply system according to the present embodiment. The power supply system 50 illustrated in FIG. 9 supplies power to the load 540. Below, each component shown by FIG. 9 is demonstrated concretely.

  The power system 204 is a power supply system provided by an electric power company. The power supply device 520 is a device that supplies power, and is provided outside the distribution board 500. For example, power supply device 520 is storage battery 207, solar power generation panel 205, or fuel cell 209 of Embodiment 1. The power supply device 520 may include the photovoltaic power conditioner 206, the storage battery power conditioner 208 of the first embodiment, or the power conditioner 401 of the second embodiment. The power supply device 520 may be a combination of these.

  The load 540 is an electric device provided in the building, and corresponds to the self-supporting devices 321 to 323 of the first embodiment, for example.

  Distribution board 500 supplies power to load 540. Distribution board 500 includes power line 510, switch 511, detection unit 501, power storage unit 503, and control unit 502.

  The power line 510 is a power line for supplying the power supplied from the power system 204 or the power supplied from the power supply device 520 to the load 540. Power line 510 corresponds to power line 240 in the first embodiment. Power line 510 is provided with a power supply point between power system 204 and load 540. The power supply point is a supply point of power supplied from the power supply device 520.

  The switch 511 switches the connection state between the power system 204 and the power supply point to conduction when turned on, and switches the connection state between the power system 204 and the power supply point when turned off. Switch to non-conduction. The switch 511 corresponds to the system relay 247 of the first embodiment.

  The detection unit 501 detects a power outage in a state where power is not supplied from the power system 204 to the power line 510. The detection unit 501 corresponds to the detection unit 221 of the first embodiment.

  The power storage unit 503 supplies power used for the operation of the distribution board 500 during a power failure. That is, the power storage unit 503 functions as a power supply source for the distribution board 500 to operate during a power failure. Power storage unit 503 corresponds to power storage unit 223 of Embodiment 1.

  When the detection unit 501 detects a power failure, the control unit 502 turns off the switch 511 using the power supplied from the power storage unit 503, thereby providing a circuit for independent operation during the power failure in the distribution board 500. Form. That is, the control unit 502 forms a circuit in the distribution board 500 for supplying power from the power supply device 520 to the load 540 by turning off the switch 511 to make the connection state non-conductive. The control unit 502 corresponds to the control unit 222 of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the distribution board 500 shown in FIG. First, the detection unit 501 detects a power failure that is a state in which power is not supplied from the power system 204 to the power line 510 (S501). The power storage unit 503 supplies power used for the operation of the distribution board 500 at the time of a power failure (S502).

  Then, the control unit 502 controls the switch 511. Specifically, when a power failure is detected, the control unit 502 turns off the switch 511 using the power supplied from the power storage unit 503, thereby providing a circuit for independent operation during a power failure. (S503). Thereby, the utilization state of electric power is smoothly switched to an independent state.

  In addition, the detection part 501 may acquire the information which shows a power failure from the power failure sensor which detects a power failure, and may detect a power failure. The power failure sensor may be a sensor provided outside the distribution board 500 or a sensor attached to the power supply device 520.

  Further, when power is supplied from the power system 204, the control unit 502 may operate using the power supplied from the power system 204.

  Further, when the distribution board 500 is turned on, the connection state between the power supply device 520 and the power line 510 is switched to conduction, and when the distribution board 500 is turned off, the power supply device 520 and the power line 510 A power supply switch that switches the connection state between the two to non-conduction may be provided. If the power supply switch is off when the detection unit 501 detects a power failure, the control unit 502 may turn off the switch 511 and then turn on the power supply switch.

  Further, part of the configuration or part of the processing according to another embodiment may be incorporated in this embodiment, or part of the configuration or part of the processing according to this embodiment may be It may be incorporated in the embodiment.

(Embodiment 4)
This embodiment shows a characteristic configuration and characteristic processing included in the first and second embodiments. Further, the present embodiment shows a configuration and processing that can be arbitrarily added to the configuration and processing shown in the third embodiment.

  FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing the power supply system according to the present embodiment. The power supply system 60 illustrated in FIG. 11 supplies power to the loads 641 and 642. Below, each component shown by FIG. 11 is demonstrated concretely.

  The power system 204 is a power supply system provided by an electric power company. Power storage device 621 is a device including a storage battery, and corresponds to storage battery 207 of the first embodiment. The solar power generation device 622 is a device that generates power using sunlight, and corresponds to the solar power generation panel 205 of the first embodiment. The fuel cell device 623 is a device that generates power using a chemical reaction of fuel, and corresponds to the fuel cell 209 of the first embodiment.

  The power storage device 621, the solar power generation device 622, and the fuel cell device 623 each correspond to the power supply device 520 of the third embodiment. In other words, the power supply device of this embodiment corresponding to power supply device 520 of Embodiment 3 includes power storage device 621, solar power generation device 622, and fuel cell device 623.

  The loads 641 and 642 are electric devices provided in the building, and correspond to, for example, the load 540 of the third embodiment. In other words, the load of the present embodiment corresponding to the load 540 of the third embodiment includes loads 641 and 642.

  Distribution board 600 supplies power to loads 641 and 642. Distribution board 600 includes components corresponding to the components included in distribution board 500 of the third embodiment. Specifically, distribution board 600 includes power line 610, switch 611, power storage switch 612, solar power generation switch 613, fuel cell switch 614, detection unit 601, control unit 602, and power storage unit 603.

  Power line 610, switch 611, detection unit 601, control unit 602, and power storage unit 603 correspond to power line 510, switch 511, detection unit 501, control unit 502, and power storage unit 503 of Embodiment 3, respectively.

  The components of the present embodiment operate in the same manner as the corresponding components of the third embodiment. As a result, the same effect as in the third embodiment can be obtained.

  The distribution board 600 further includes a storage switch 612, a solar power generation switch 613, and a fuel cell switch 614.

  The power storage switch 612 switches the connection state between the power storage device 621 and the power line 610 to conductive when turned on, and turns the connection state between the power storage device 621 and the power line 610 nonconductive when turned off. Switch.

  The photovoltaic power generation switch 613 switches the connection state between the photovoltaic power generation device 622 and the power line 610 to conduction when turned on, and between the photovoltaic power generation device 622 and the power line 610 when turned off. Switch the connection state to non-conductive.

  The fuel cell switch 614 switches the connection state between the fuel cell device 623 and the power line 610 to conduction when turned on, and switches the connection state between the fuel cell device 623 and the power line 610 when turned off. Switch to non-conduction.

  When the storage unit 612, the photovoltaic power generation switch 613, and the fuel cell switch 614 are turned off when the detection unit 601 detects a power failure, the control unit 602 turns off the switch 611 and then turns off the storage switch 612, sunlight. The power generation switch 613 and the fuel cell switch 614 are turned on.

  When the switch 611 is turned on, the control unit 602 may cause the power storage unit 603 to charge the power supplied from the power system 204. The control unit 602 is supplied from the power storage device 621, the solar power generation device 622, or the fuel cell device 623 when the switch 611 is turned off and the power storage switch 612, the solar power generation switch 613, or the fuel cell switch 614 is turned on. The power storage unit 603 may be charged with electric power.

  The distribution board 600 further includes a load power measurement unit 604, a remaining power measurement unit 605, an illumination unit 606, a notification unit 607, a switch 615, a switch 616, and a switch 617.

  The switch 617 corresponds to the self-supporting switch 202 of the first embodiment. Specifically, the switch 617 receives an instruction from the user. Detection unit 601 detects an instruction received by switch 617. When the detection unit 601 detects a power failure and the detection unit 601 detects an instruction, the control unit 602 turns on the power storage switch 612, the solar power generation switch 613, and the fuel cell switch 614, thereby 621, electric power supplied from the solar power generation device 622 and the fuel cell device 623 is supplied to the loads 641 and 642.

  The illumination unit 606 corresponds to the blackout lamp 201 of the first embodiment. The illumination unit 606 illuminates the switch 617 during a power failure.

  The notification unit 607 notifies the abnormality. The notification unit 607 may be a display or a speaker. For example, the detection unit 601 detects an abnormality in the distribution board 600. Abnormalities in distribution board 600 include a decrease in capacity of power storage unit 603, chattering of one or more switches, or abnormal heat generation of power storage unit 603. When an abnormality is detected, the notification unit 607 notifies the user of the detected abnormality. The notification unit 607 may notify the user of the abnormality with a sound, or may notify the abnormality visually.

  Moreover, the detection part 601 may acquire the information which shows a gas leak or a leak from a gas leak sensor or a leak sensor, and may detect the emergency state of a building. And when an emergency state is detected, the control part 602 may turn off the electrical storage switch 612, the solar power generation switch 613, and the fuel cell switch 614.

  Switches 615 and 616 correspond to the outlet relays 261 to 263 of the first embodiment. Specifically, the switch 615 is provided between the power line 610 and the outlet 631, switches the connection state between the power line 610 and the outlet 631 to conduction when turned on, and the power line when turned off. The connection state between 610 and outlet 631 is switched to non-conduction.

  The switch 616 is provided between the power line 610 and the outlet 632. When the switch 616 is turned on, the connection state between the power line 610 and the outlet 632 is switched to conduction, and when turned off, the power line 610 and the outlet 632 are connected. The connection state between is switched to non-conduction.

  The load power measuring unit 604 measures the power supplied to the loads 641 and 642. The remaining power amount measuring unit 605 measures the remaining power amount of the storage battery in the power storage device 621. The outlets 631 and 632 may include a display unit that displays power consumption or remaining power.

  When the power measured by the load power measuring unit 604 exceeds the power set in advance as the power that can be output from the power storage device 621, the solar power generation device 622, or the fuel cell device 623, the control unit 602 switches the switch 615 or 616. It may be turned off. Control unit 602 may turn off switch 615 or 616 when the amount of power supplied to loads 641 and 642 exceeds the remaining power amount of the storage battery of power storage device 621 within a certain period. The control unit 602 may turn off a switch corresponding to an outlet whose power consumption is higher than a threshold value.

  The control unit 602 may set priorities for the outlets 631 and 632, determine target outlets from the outlets 631 and 632 in descending order of priority, and turn off the switch corresponding to the determined target outlets. . The control unit 602 may change the priority order of the outlets 631 and 632 every predetermined period. For example, the predetermined period corresponds to a season or time.

  When the detection unit 601 detects a power failure, the control unit 602 turns on the power storage switch 612 and then turns on the solar power generation switch 613 or the fuel cell switch 614.

  In order for the solar power generation device 622 and the fuel cell device 623 to supply power to the power line, a voltage source is required. If the photovoltaic power generation system and the fuel cell system are connected to the power line before the power storage switch 612 is turned on, that is, before the power storage device 621 is connected to the power line, the photovoltaic power generation system and the fuel cell are not present. The system cannot be started.

  Therefore, when the detection unit 601 detects a power failure, the control unit 602 always connects the power storage device 621 to the power line and then connects the solar power generation device 622 and the fuel cell device 623. Thereby, the solar power generation device 622 and the fuel cell device 623 can be activated. The order in which the solar power generation device 622 and the fuel cell device 623 are connected is not particularly limited, but the solar power generation device 622 may be connected to the power line and then the fuel cell device 623 may be connected to the power line. .

  The detection unit 601 may be divided into a power failure detection unit that detects a power failure, an abnormality detection unit that detects an abnormality, an emergency state detection unit that detects an emergency state, and an instruction detection unit that detects an instruction. Similarly, the control unit 602 may be divided into a plurality of control units according to a plurality of processes.

  Part of the above configuration or part of the processing may be incorporated into the power supply system 50 shown in the third embodiment. For example, any of the power storage device 621, the solar power generation device 622, and the fuel cell device 623 may be incorporated in the power supply system 50 as the power supply device 520. Any one of the power storage switch 612, the photovoltaic power generation switch 613, and the fuel cell switch may be incorporated in the power supply system 50.

(Embodiment 5)
This embodiment shows a characteristic configuration and characteristic processing included in the first and second embodiments. Further, in the present embodiment, a part of the configuration and processing shown in the fourth embodiment is changed.

  FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing the power supply system according to the present embodiment. The power supply system 70 shown in FIG. 12 supplies power to the loads 641 and 642. Compared to the fourth embodiment, a power adjustment device 701 is added to the power supply system 70 of the present embodiment. In distribution board 700 of the present embodiment, storage switch 612, solar power generation switch 613, and fuel cell switch 614 of Embodiment 4 are replaced with switch 712.

  The power adjustment device 701 adjusts the power supplied from the power storage device 621, the solar power generation device 622, and the fuel cell device 623. A power adjustment device 701 is connected to the power line 610 via a switch 712. A power storage device 621, a solar power generation device 622, and a fuel cell device 623 are connected to the power adjustment device 701. In other words, the power storage device 621, the solar power generation device 622, and the fuel cell device 623 are connected to the power line 610 via the power adjustment device 701 and the switch 712.

  The power adjustment device 701 corresponds to the power conditioner 401 of the second embodiment. The switch 712 corresponds to the power conditioner relay 448 of the second embodiment. The switch 712 corresponds to the power storage switch 612, the photovoltaic power generation switch 613, and the fuel cell switch 614 of the fourth embodiment.

  In the power supply system 70, connections from the power storage device 621, the solar power generation device 622, and the fuel cell device 623 to the distribution board 700 are integrated in the power adjustment device 701. In addition, the storage switch 612, the photovoltaic power generation switch 613, and the fuel cell switch 614 are integrated into the switch 712. Therefore, wiring is simplified, and safety and reliability are improved.

  In each of the above embodiments, each component may be configured by dedicated hardware or may be realized by executing a software program suitable for each component. Each component may be realized by a program execution unit such as a CPU or a processor reading and executing a software program recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk or a semiconductor memory. Here, the software that realizes the distribution board and the like of each of the above embodiments is the following program.

  In other words, this program is a power control method performed by a distribution board that supplies power to a load provided in a building to a computer, and the power supplied from a power supply device provided outside the distribution board. A power line for supplying power to the load, wherein a power supply point, which is a supply point of power supplied from the power supply device, is supplied from the power system to a power line provided between the power system and the load. A detection step of detecting a power failure that is not performed, a supply step of supplying power used for operation of the distribution board from the power storage unit included in the distribution board at the time of the power failure, the power system and the power A switch provided between the power supply point and when turned on, the connection state between the power system and the power supply point is switched to conduction, and when turned off A control step of controlling a first switch that is a switch that switches the connection state to non-conduction, and in the control step, when the power failure is detected in the detection step, the power supplied from the power storage unit is Power to form a circuit in the distribution board for supplying power from the power supply device to the load at the time of the power failure by turning off the first switch and making the connection state non-conductive The control method is executed.

  Further, this program may be executed by a computer included in the distribution board. Further, this program may be executed on a distribution board. The distribution board may be able to execute this program.

  Each component may be a circuit. These circuits may constitute one circuit as a whole, or may be separate circuits. Each of these circuits may be a general-purpose circuit or a dedicated circuit.

  As described above, the distribution board according to one or more aspects has been described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Unless it deviates from the gist of the present invention, various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art have been made in this embodiment, and forms constructed by combining components in different embodiments are also within the scope of one or more aspects. May be included.

  For example, in each of the above embodiments, a process executed by a specific processing unit may be executed by another processing unit. In addition, the order in which the processes are executed may be changed, or a plurality of processes may be executed in parallel.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a distribution board, a power supply system including the distribution board, and a housing facility including the distribution board.

10, 20, 40, 50, 60, 70 Power supply system 101 Main distribution panel 102 Stand-alone distribution panel 103 System / independent switch 104, 204 Power system 105, 205 Solar power generation panel (PV panel)
106,206 PV power conditioner (PV PCS)
107, 207 Storage battery (SB)
108, 208 Storage battery power conditioner (SB PCS)
109,209 Fuel cell (FC)
111, 112, 113, 210, 211, 212, 213 Independent outlet 114, 115, 116, 214, 215, 216, 631, 632 Outlet 121, 122, 123, 321, 322, 323 Independent apparatus 124, 125, 126, 324, 325, 326 Equipment 131, 132, 133, 142, 151, 152, 153, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 242, 254, 255, 442 Breaker 141, 241 Master breaker 143, 144, 145 243, 244, 245, 443 Current transformer (CT)
154, 155, 156, 157, 161, 162, 163, 511, 611, 615, 616, 617, 712 Switch 200, 400 Smart distribution board 201 Blackout light 202 Self-standing switch 221, 501, 601 Detector 222, 422, 502, 602 Control unit 223, 503, 603 Power storage unit 224 Gas leak detector 240, 510, 610 Power line 247 System relay 248 Solar power generation relay (PV relay)
251 Storage battery relay (SB relay)
252 Fuel Cell Relay (FC Relay)
261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266 Outlet relay 270, 271, 272, 273 Panel 280, 281, 282, 283 Label 290, 291, 292, 293 Warning light 401 Power conditioner (PCS)
448 Power Conditioner Relay (PCS Relay)
500, 600, 700 Distribution board 520 Power supply device 540, 641, 642 Load 604 Load power measurement unit 605 Residual power measurement unit 606 Illumination unit 607 Notification unit 612 Storage switch 613 Solar power generation switch 614 Fuel cell switch 621 Power storage device 622 Photovoltaic power generation device 623 Fuel cell device 701 Power adjustment device

Claims (18)

A distribution board for supplying power to a load provided in a building,
A power line for supplying power supplied from the power system or power supplied from an external power supply device to the load, and is a power supply point supplied from the power supply device A power line with a supply point provided between the power system and the load;
A detection unit for detecting a power failure that is a state in which power is not supplied from the power system to the power line;
It is provided between the power system and the power supply point, and when it is turned on, the connection state between the power system and the power supply point is switched to conduction, and when it is turned off, the connection state is changed. A first switch that switches to non-conduction;
A power storage unit that functions as a power supply source for the distribution board to operate during the power outage;
When the detection unit detects the power failure, the power supply device uses the power supplied from the power storage unit to turn off the first switch to make the connection state non-conducting. A power distribution board comprising: a control unit that forms a circuit for supplying power to the load in the power distribution board. The distribution board further switches the connection state between the power supply device and the power line to conductive when turned on, and switches the connection state to non-conductive when turned off. With a switch
If the second switch is off when the detection unit detects the power failure, the control unit turns off the first switch and then turns on the second switch.
The distribution board according to claim 1. The distribution board according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit acquires information indicating the power failure from a power failure sensor that detects the power failure, and detects the power failure. The detection unit further acquires information indicating at least one of gas leakage and electric leakage from at least one of the gas leakage sensor and the electric leakage sensor, and detects an emergency state of the building,
The distribution board according to claim 2, wherein the control unit further turns off the second switch when the detection unit detects the emergency state. The detection unit further detects an abnormality in the distribution board,
The distribution board according to claim 1, further comprising a notification unit that notifies the abnormality when the detection unit detects the abnormality. The distribution board according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control unit further operates using power supplied from the power system when power is supplied from the power system. The load includes a plurality of loads,
The plurality of loads are connected to the power line via a plurality of outlets,
The distribution board further includes:
A load power measurement unit that measures power supplied to the plurality of loads;
Each is provided between the power line and one of the plurality of outlets, and when turned on, the connection state between the power line and the outlet is switched to conduction and turned off. A plurality of third switches for switching the connection state to non-conduction in a case,
When the electric power measured by the load electric power measurement unit exceeds electric power determined in advance as electric power that can be output from the electric power supply device, the control unit is configured to select a third one of the plurality of third switches. The distribution board according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The power supply device includes a power storage device including a storage battery,
The load includes a plurality of loads,
The plurality of loads are connected to the power line via a plurality of outlets,
The distribution board further includes:
A load power measurement unit that measures power supplied to the plurality of loads;
A remaining energy measuring unit for measuring the remaining energy of the storage battery;
Each is provided between the power line and one of the plurality of outlets, and when turned on, the connection state between the power line and the outlet is switched to conduction and turned off. A plurality of third switches for switching the connection state to non-conduction in a case,
The control unit turns off any third switch of the plurality of third switches when the amount of power supplied to the plurality of loads exceeds the remaining power amount of the storage battery within a certain period of time. The distribution board according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The control unit sets a priority for each of the plurality of outlets, determines a target outlet from the plurality of outlets in descending order of the priority, and sets a third outlet corresponding to the determined target outlet. The distribution board according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the switch is turned off. The distribution board according to claim 9, wherein the control unit changes the priority order of each of the plurality of outlets for each predetermined period. The distribution board according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the power supply device includes at least one of a power storage device including a storage battery, a solar power generation device, and a fuel cell device. The power supply device includes a power storage device including a storage battery, a solar power generation device, and a fuel cell device,
The second switch is
A storage switch that switches the connection state between the power storage device and the power line to conductive when turned on, and switches the connection state to non-conductive when turned off;
A solar power generation switch that switches the connection state between the solar power generation device and the power line to conductive when turned on, and switches the connection state to non-conductive when turned off;
A fuel cell switch that switches the connection state between the fuel cell device and the power line to conductive when turned on, and switches the connection state to non-conductive when turned off;
The distribution board according to claim 2, wherein, when the detection unit detects the power failure, the control unit turns on the power storage switch and then turns on the photovoltaic power generation switch or the fuel cell switch. The power supply device includes a power storage device including a storage battery, a solar power generation device, and a fuel cell device,
The power line is connected to (i) a power adjustment device for adjusting power supplied from the power storage device, the solar power generation device, and the fuel cell device via the second switch, and (ii) the The distribution board according to claim 2, wherein the power storage device, the solar power generation device, and the fuel cell device are connected via the power adjustment device and the second switch. The distribution board according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein when the first switch is turned on, the control unit causes the power storage unit to be charged with electric power supplied from the power system. The distribution board further includes a fourth switch for receiving an instruction from a user,
The detection unit further detects the instruction received by the fourth switch,
When the detection unit detects the power failure and the detection unit detects the instruction, the control unit turns on the second switch to turn on the power supplied from the power supply device. The distribution board according to claim 2, wherein the power is supplied to the load. The distribution board according to claim 15, further comprising an illumination unit that illuminates the fourth switch during the power failure. The said detection part acquires the information which shows the said power failure from the said power failure sensor which is a sensor provided outside the said electricity distribution panel, and is a sensor accompanying the said electric power supply apparatus, and detects the said power failure. The distribution board described. A power control method performed by a distribution board for supplying power to a load provided in a building,
A power line for supplying power supplied from a power supply device provided outside the distribution board to the load, the power supply point being a supply point of power supplied from the power supply device being a power system And a detection step of detecting a power failure in a state where power is not supplied from the power system to a power line provided between the loads,
At the time of the power failure, from the power storage unit included in the distribution board, supply step of supplying power used for the operation of the distribution board;
A switch provided between the power system and the power supply point, and when turned on, the connection state between the power system and the power supply point is switched to conduction, and when turned off A control step of controlling a first switch that is a switch for switching the connection state to non-conduction,
In the control step, when the power failure is detected in the detection step, the power failure is detected by turning off the first switch using the power supplied from the power storage unit to make the connection state non-conductive. A power control method, wherein a circuit for supplying power from the power supply device to the load is sometimes formed in the distribution board.

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