JP2014063599A - Day-lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to reduce the difference in incident light to a daylighting device during sunny weather and cloudy weather.
A plurality of daylighting plates 1 having a mirror surface 1b on one side and a diffuse reflection surface 1a on the other side opposite to each other are arranged in parallel, with the mirror surface 1b facing downward and northward. The diffusive reflecting surface 1a is disposed in an inclined manner with the side facing upward and facing south. The interval between the adjacent daylighting plates is set to a size such that when light is applied in the direction directly below from the daylighting plate, all of the distance is reflected by the diffuse reflection surface 1a of each daylighting plate and does not go straight any further.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  In the present invention, a plurality of plate members (various lighting plates such as fins and blades) in which a mirror surface portion is formed on one surface and a light diffusion surface portion or a light absorption surface portion is formed on the other surface on the opposite side are formed into a plate shape For each member, set the east-west direction so that the one side is inclined downward / north, the other side is inclined upward / south, and the longitudinal directions of the plate-like member as a whole are substantially parallel to each other. For example, the present invention relates to a daylighting device disposed in a north-south direction area.

  That is, instead of actively collecting direct light from the south as in the past (in the case of the Northern Hemisphere), the skylight that exists well both in fine weather and cloudy weather is used as the main daylighting target. The difference in light intensity between clear and overcast is made as small as possible.

  In this specification, light directly reaching from the sun is referred to as “direct light”, and light scattered by atmospheric water vapor or dust other than direct light is referred to as “sky light”.

  In other words, in general, when the sky is cloudy, the sun is covered with clouds and the direct light does not enter the daylighting section, but skylight is incident on the daylighting section from all four directions. Further, in fine weather, not only the direct light from the south side but also the skylight in each direction is incident on the daylighting unit.

  The present invention is mainly intended for the skylight incident on the daylighting section in both cloudy weather and sunny weather, and the direct light from the south side is intended to compensate for the lack of brightness of the skylight in sunny weather. It is used as an auxiliary.

  In the present specification, east, west, north, and south respectively indicate directions when the daylighting device is disposed in the northern hemisphere. In the southern hemisphere, of course, the “north-south” relationship is reversed.

  Further, in a plate-like member (lighting plate) such as a rectangular shape, the longitudinal direction thereof, for example, the east-west direction in FIGS. 6 and 7 is referred to as “vertical”, and the width direction of the plate-like member orthogonal thereto is referred to as “horizontal”.

  In addition, descriptions such as “upper and lower” and “east, west, south, and north” regarding the plate-like member (lighting plate) indicate a position, a direction, and the like in a state where the plate-like member is disposed in a building daylighting unit or the like.

  Conventionally, a daylighting device has been proposed in which a plurality of plate-like members (fins, blades, etc.) each having a reflecting surface are arranged so that their longitudinal directions are parallel to each other (see, for example, FIG. 8 of Patent Document 1). ).

  The plurality of plate-like members actively take in the direct sunlight by adjusting the inclination angle in a manner corresponding to the moving position of the sun.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-34617

  The present invention abandons the so-called fixed idea of positively collecting the direct sunlight from the south side, etc., and is a plate in the form of skylight that can be taken in both in fine weather and cloudy weather. An object of the present invention is to reduce the difference in incident light to the daylighting device during clear weather and cloudy weather by using a member (lighting plate).

  Further, when the entire plate-like member is irradiated with virtual light from above, the upper surface of each plate-like member is arranged so as to prevent further straight travel of all of the virtual light. The purpose is to shield incident light from the south side.

  In addition, the hole for adjusting the amount of direct light incident on the daylighting section from the south side or the east-west direction is formed in the plate-like member, and the aim is to compensate for the lack of brightness of clear sky skylight. To do.

  Another object of the present invention is to enrich the technology of the daylighting device for the skylight by setting the plate-like member (lighting plate) in the daylighting device mainly for the skylight to various shapes.

The present invention solves the above problems as follows.
(1) One surface (for example, mirror surfaces 1b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b described later) has a mirror surface portion, and the other surface on the opposite side (for example, diffuse reflection surfaces 1a, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a described later). In a daylighting apparatus in which a plurality of plate-like members (for example, daylighting plates 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 described later) having a light diffusion surface portion or a light absorption surface portion are arranged in parallel,
Each of the plate-like members is
A mode including an inclined portion (for example, daylighting plates 1, 3, 4, 5 and a north inclined flat plate portion 6d described later) in which the one surface side faces downward and faces north, and the other surface side faces upward and faces south. Arranged in the
Use things.
(2) In (1) above,
The aspect including the inclined portion includes:
When the entire plate-shaped member is irradiated with virtual light from directly above from above, the other surface of each plate-shaped member is set to prevent further straight travel of all of the virtual light.
Use things.
(3) In the above (1) and (2),
The plate-like member is
A laterally extending portion (for example, a laterally extending flat plate portion 6c described later) composed of a surface portion in the north-south direction;
The inclined portion (for example, the below-described north inclined flat plate portion 6d) that extends from the laterally extended portion to the north side thereof,
Use things.
(4) In (1) and (2) above,
The plate-like member is
A hole (for example, a hole 1c described later) for taking in direct light through the other surface and the one surface;
Use things.
(5) In (4) above,
The hole is
It is a horizontally long hole portion (for example, a horizontally long hole portion 1d described later) for taking in direct light from the east-west direction formed in the horizontal direction of the plate-shaped member,
The plate-like member is
It has a lid-like portion for suppressing incidence of south side direct light to the horizontally long hole portion,
Use things.
(6) A plate-like member as a component of the daylighting device,
A mirror surface portion is formed on one surface (for example, mirror surfaces 1b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b, which will be described later), and light is reflected on the other surface (for example, diffuse reflection surfaces 1a, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a, which will be described later). A diffusion surface portion or a light absorption surface portion is formed,
Used in an inclined state in which the one surface side faces downward and north, and the other surface side faces upward and south.
Use things.
(7) In (6) above,
A laterally extending portion (for example, a laterally extending flat plate portion 6c described later) composed of a surface portion in the north-south direction;
An inclined portion (for example, a north inclined flat plate portion 6d to be described later) that is used in the inclined state subsequently to the north side from the laterally extended portion,
Use things.
(8) In the above (6) and (7),
Provided with a hole (for example, a hole 1c and a horizontally long hole 1d described later) for penetrating between the other surface and the one surface to capture direct light,
Use things.

  The daylighting device and the plate-like member for the daylighting device having the above configuration are the objects of the present invention.

The present invention is based on the above problem solving means.
(11) To reduce the difference in incident light to the daylighting device during clear weather and cloudy weather,
(12) To block the incidence of direct light from the south, etc.
(13) To compensate for the lack of brightness of skylight in fine weather,
(14) To enrich technology for daylighting devices
You can do that.

Explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the daylighting device which consists of a some rectangular-shaped daylighting board, the longitudinal direction of each daylighting board is set to the east-west direction, and the whole daylighting board is arrange | positioned in the north-south direction area of the same height in parallel. It is. It is explanatory drawing which shows the case where the daylighting apparatus of FIG. 1 is provided indoors (the inside of a building daylighting part) through glass. It is explanatory drawing which shows the incident mode of each of the north side sky light and the south side direct light in the lighting apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the multiple lighting board of a building lighting part when seeing the lighting apparatus of FIG. 2 from right below (vertical direction), (a) shows the case where a building lighting part is set to the north-south direction. (B) has shown the case where the building lighting part is set in the position shifted from the north-south direction. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a mode in which the south side direct light in the daylighting apparatus of FIG. 1 proceeds to the daylighting side while repeatedly reflecting and reflecting partially on the southward diffusing surface of the daylighting plate and partially reflecting on the northward specular surface. is there. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rectangular-shaped lighting board which formed multiple holes for adjusting the amount of direct light incident from the south direction. An explanatory view showing a rectangular daylighting plate in which a plurality of horizontally long holes and oblique lids corresponding thereto are formed to secure the amount of direct light incident from the east-west direction and prevent direct light incidence from the south side. It is. It is an explanatory view showing a modification of the daylighting plate, (a) is composed of vertically long flat plate portions in the east-west direction, and shows a daylighting plate arranged in a reverse `` K '' shape when viewed from the east side, b) is a lighting plate that consists of vertically long flat plate parts in the east-west direction, and is arranged in the shape of a `` ku '' when viewed from the east side. (c) is a vertical straight curved plate part in the east-west direction. And (d) shows a horizontal plate portion that is vertically long in the east-west direction and an inclined flat plate portion (≈lighting plate 1) that follows this. It shows a daylighting plate arranged in the form of “upward tilt toward north” as viewed from the east side. It is explanatory drawing which shows the movement of the sun of each day in spring equinox, autumn equinox, summer, and winter in Tokyo.

  The form for implementing this invention is demonstrated using FIGS.

  The components of reference numerals (for example, the upward / south-facing diffuse reflection surface 1a) used in FIGS. It shows that it is.

1 to 9,
1 is a component of the daylighting device and is composed of a rectangular flat plate, and each is set in a state of being vertically long in the east-west direction and inclined to the north side. As a whole, each longitudinal direction is in a parallel state with the same height. A plurality of daylighting plates arranged in the north-south direction area (plate members: see FIGS. 1 to 7),
1a is a diffuse reflection surface facing upward and south,
1b is a mirror surface facing downward and north,
1c is a plurality of holes (see FIG. 6) formed between the diffuse reflection surface 1a and the mirror surface 1b in order to adjust the amount of direct light incident from the south direction, etc.
1d is a plurality of horizontally long holes (see FIG. 7) formed in a lateral parallel manner in each of the longitudinal end portions of the lighting plate in order to adjust the amount of direct light incident from the east-west direction,
1e is formed in such a manner that each of the horizontally elongated holes 1d is inclined from the lateral edge at the vertical center side of the daylighting plate to the opposite edge side, and prevents the incidence of the south direct light, and further the east / west direct light. A flat, slanted lid-like part that exhibits a reflective action,
Reference numeral 2 denotes a part of the roof, roof, etc. of the building, which is made of glass or acrylic as a target area where a plurality of lighting plates 1 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction in the north-south direction area on the indoor side. Building lighting section (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 4),
Respectively.

In FIG.
3 is a daylighting plate (plate-shaped member: see (a)), which consists of vertically long flat plate parts in the east-west direction, and the end face and cross section when viewed from the east side are reversed.
3a is a diffuse reflection surface facing upward and south,
3b is a mirror surface facing downward and north,
4 is a lighting plate (plate member: see (b)), which is composed of vertically long flat plates in the east-west direction, and the end face and cross-section when viewed from the east side are formed in the shape of "<".
4a is an upward / south diffuse reflection surface,
4b is the mirror surface facing downward and north,
5 is a daylighting plate (plate-shaped member: see (c)), which consists of a curved plate part that is vertically long in the east-west direction, and whose end face and cross section when viewed from the east side are formed in a “South convex surface”.
5a is an upward / south diffuse reflection surface,
5b is a mirror surface facing downward and north,
6 are each composed of a horizontally extending flat plate portion 6c which is long in the east-west direction and a north inclined flat plate portion (≈ daylighting plate 1) 6d, which will be described later, and the end face and cross section when viewed from the east side are “horizontal + up northward” Daylighting plate formed in a “tilt” shape (plate-like member: see (d)),
6a is an upward / south diffuse reflection surface of the north inclined flat plate portion 6d,
6b is a downwardly and northward mirror surface of the north inclined flat plate portion 6d,
6c is a vertically long horizontal extension flat plate portion formed on the lower end side of the daylighting plate in a substantially horizontal state,
6d is a north inclined flat plate portion continuing in an upward inclined state on the north side of the laterally extending flat plate portion 6c,
Respectively.

Also,
α is the north inclination angle of the lighting plate 1 with respect to the horizontal plane (see FIG. 1),
s1 is direct light from the south (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 5),
s2 is the skylight from the north (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 5),
m1 is the movement of the sun in the spring and autumn days in Tokyo (see Fig. 9),
m2 is the movement of the sun in the summer solstice in Tokyo (see Fig. 9),
m3 is the movement of the sun during the winter solstice in Tokyo (see Fig. 9),
N is the area where the sun turns northward in the morning and evening during the period of “Spring-Summer Solstice-Autumn” (see Figure 9),
Respectively.

  Here, the diffuse reflection surfaces 1a, 3a, 4a, 5a, and 6a are formed by gray coating or resin film application, and the mirror surfaces 1b, 3b, 4b, 5b, and 6b are formed by glass, aluminum, resin, or the like.

  The upper and lower surfaces of the laterally extending flat plate portion 6c may have arbitrary specifications such as a diffuse reflection surface, a mirror surface, and a light absorption surface, respectively.

The basic features of the illustrated daylighting apparatus according to the present invention are as follows:
(21) Diffuse reflection surfaces (or light absorption surfaces) 1a, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a are formed on one surface, and mirror surfaces 1b, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b are formed on the other surface on the opposite side. Using a plurality of daylighting plates 1, 3, 4, 5, 6
(22) With the diffuse reflecting surface (or light absorption surface) facing upward / south and the mirror surface facing downward / north, the entire daylighting plate is parallel to the north / south area. Arranged in the
That is.

  The daylighting plates 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are arranged in a state of being inclined to the north side as shown in FIGS. 1 to 9.

  The north inclination angle α of the daylighting plate 1 or the like with respect to the horizontal plane is set to an individual predetermined value (less than 90 degrees) in consideration of its installation location, daylighting specifications, season, and the like.

  As an example only, the north inclination angle α of each of the daylighting plates 1 in the daylighting apparatus of FIGS. 1 to 9 is 60 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

  By arranging multiple lighting plates in this way, the amount of light collected from the south side direct light in fine weather is actively suppressed, and the sky light that is present not only in cloudy weather but also in fine weather and incident from all directions is mainly collected. It is targeted.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the daylighting plate 1 prevents the direct incidence of the direct light s1 from the south by the diffuse reflection surface 1a, while actively taking the incident light of the sky light s2 from the north by the mirror surface 1b. Supported.

  As a matter of course, the amount of light collected (brightness) at the center of the skylight in fine weather is reduced as compared with the case of the normal direct light center.

  In the present invention, by actively setting the lighting condition in such a way that the south side direct light in a sunny day (a part of it) is discarded, the incident light intensity in the fine weather and the sky light are exclusively collected. We are trying to reduce the difference between the incident light intensity during cloudy weather.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 8, the lower south end portion of the north adjacent daylighting plate is located directly below (upper direction) the upper north end portion of any daylighting plate 1, 3, 4, 5, 6. In the case of the autumn, winter solstice and spring equinox period, the south side direct light can be shielded. Also in the positional relationship in which the north adjacent daylighting plate is moved toward the arbitrary daylighting plate 1 as compared with the illustrated case, that is, in the positional relationship in which the interval between the adjacent daylighting plates is narrower than in the case of FIGS. Of course, the south side direct light is blocked.

  For example, “the lower south end portion of the north adjacent daylighting plate is located directly below (in the vertical direction) the upper north end portion of the arbitrary daylighting plate 1, 3, 4, 5, 6”, for example, the entire daylighting plate 1 When the virtual light from the upper side to the lower side is applied to the diffusing reflection surface 1a (the other surface) of each of the daylighting plates, the virtual light is set so as to prevent further straight travel of the virtual light. I can say that.

  Note that, during the spring equinox, summer solstice, and autumn equinox period in the northern hemisphere, there is a time zone during which the sun goes around to the north side in the morning and evening, so that direct light from the north side, that is, direct light from area N in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, according to the direction of the building lighting part 2, the plurality of lighting plates 1 are
(31) In the case of (a) where the longitudinal direction of the building lighting section 2 is aligned with the north-south direction, the building lighting section 2 is arranged in a parallel state in the same direction as the width direction of the building lighting section,
(32) In the case of (b) where the longitudinal direction of the building lighting part 2 is shifted from the north-south direction, the building lighting part 2 is arranged in a parallel state in a direction inclined from the width direction of the building lighting part.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the south side direct light that cannot be directly incident on the indoor side because of the daylighting plate 1 in the north inclined state is partly diffused reflecting surface 1a of the daylighting plate and the mirror surface 1b of the daylighting plate 1 adjacent to the south. It can enter by the reflection action between the two.

  At this time, if the reflectance of the diffuse reflection surface 1a is changed, the incident amount of the south side direct light can be adjusted. For example, by changing the color of the diffuse reflection surface 1a from “black” to “gray” and further to “white”, the reflectance there increases sequentially.

  When the daylighting plate 1 of FIG. 5 is used, part of the direct light can also enter the daylighting device, so that the amount of direct light incident on a clear day can be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, by using the daylighting plate 1 having a plurality of holes 1c, a part of the direct light from the south side or the like can be taken inside the daylighting device such as indoors.

  As shown in FIG. 7, direct light from the east-west direction is obtained by using the daylighting plate 1 having a plurality of light incident areas composed of a plurality of horizontally long hole portions 1 d and corresponding east-facing and west-facing oblique lid portions 1 e. Can be taken inside the lighting device such as indoors.

  That is, direct light from the east-west direction is directly incident on the horizontally long hole portion 1d, and the direct light is reflected by the downward surface of each of the oblique lid portions 1e (surface on the side facing the horizontally long hole portion 1d). It enters the horizontally long hole 1d.

  At the same time, the south side direct light is set to reflect or be absorbed by the upward surface of the oblique lid-like portion 1e (the surface not facing the laterally long hole portion 1d). The direct light from the south side is prevented from entering the hole 1d.

  Instead of the daylighting plate 1 of FIGS. 1 to 7 having a flat plate shape as a whole, daylighting plates 3 to 6 as shown in FIG.

  As in the case of the daylighting plate 1 of FIG. 3, the arrangement positions of the plurality of daylighting plates in FIG. This is a mode in which the lower south end portion is located. Also in FIG. 8, this arrangement positional relationship is indicated by a dotted line.

  Note that the daylighting plate 6 shown in FIG. 8 (d) includes a substantially horizontal laterally extending flat plate portion 6c as a lower end side after the arrangement.

  Therefore, it is necessary to arrange the daylighting plate 6 in the building daylighting section 2 having a predetermined length while maintaining the same positional relationship as the dotted line in FIG. 3 (the dotted line state in FIG. 8D). The total number of daylighting plates can be reduced by an amount corresponding to the horizontal width of the horizontal portion as compared with the case where the daylighting plates 1 without the laterally extending flat plate portion 6c are sequentially arranged in the dotted line positional relationship of FIG.

  When arbitrary lighting plates 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 are arranged in the building lighting section 2 or the like in the inclined / parallel state as described above, various fixing means such as screwing, riveting, and bonding are appropriately used.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, for example,
(41) Use a light absorbing surface made of black paint or black film instead of the diffuse reflection surface,
(42) A curved plate portion is used instead of the laterally extended flat plate portion 6c of FIG. 8 (d).
(43) In place of the north inclined flat plate portion 6d in FIG.
(44) The distance between adjacent daylighting plates is made larger than that shown in the drawing, that is, wider than the dotted line positional relationship state shown in FIG. 3 or FIG.
(45) Instead of a rectangular shape, use a lighting plate of various shapes such as a parallelogram shape and a trapezoidal shape,
(46) A daylighting plate that does not include the hole 1c and the horizontally long hole 1d and a daylighting plate that includes the hole 1c and the horizontally long hole 1d are used in combination.
(47) Provide a daylighting device comprising the above-described daylighting plate outdoors;
You may do it.

1: Daylighting plate (plate member: see FIGS. 1 to 7)
1a: Upward / Southward diffuse reflection surface 1b: Downward / Northward mirror surface 1c: Hole (see FIG. 6)
1d: Horizontally long hole (see FIG. 7)
1e: Oblique lid (see FIG. 7)
2: Building lighting section (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 4)

3: Daylighting plate (see Fig. 8 (a))
3a: Upward / Southward diffuse reflection surface 3b: Downward / Northward mirror surface 4: Daylighting plate (see FIG. 8 (b))
4a: Upward / Southward diffuse reflection surface 4b: Downward / Northward mirror surface 5: Daylighting plate (see FIG. 8 (c))
5a: Upward / Southward diffuse reflection surface 5b: Downward / Northward mirror surface 6: Daylighting plate (see FIG. 8 (d))
6a: Upward / south-facing diffuse reflection surface 6b: North-inclined flat plate portion Down-north-facing mirror surface 6c: Horizontally extended flat plate portion 6d: North-inclined flat plate portion

α: North inclination angle of the lighting plate 1 (see FIG. 1)
s1: Direct light from the south (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 5)
s2: Skylight from the north (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 5)
m1: Sun movement during the day of spring and autumn (see Fig. 9)
m2: Sun movement during the day of the summer solstice (see Fig. 9)
m3: Sun movement during the day of the winter solstice (see Figure 9)
N: Area where the sun goes north (see Fig. 9)

Claims (8)

In the daylighting apparatus in which a plurality of plate-like members having a mirror surface part on one side and having a light diffusion surface part or a light absorption surface part on the other side opposite to each other are arranged in parallel,
Each of the plate-like members is
The one surface side is disposed downward and north, and the other surface is disposed in an aspect including an inclined portion facing upward and south.
A daylighting apparatus characterized by that. The aspect including the inclined portion includes:
When the entire plate-shaped member is irradiated with virtual light from directly above from above, the other surface of each plate-shaped member is set to prevent further straight travel of all of the virtual light.
The daylighting apparatus according to claim 1. The plate-like member is
A laterally extended portion consisting of a surface portion in the north-south direction,
The inclined portion continuing from the laterally extended portion to the north side thereof,
The daylighting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The plate-like member is
Comprising a hole for penetrating between the other surface and the one surface to capture direct light;
The daylighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The hole is
It is a laterally long hole portion that is formed in the lateral direction of the plate-like member and takes in direct light from the east-west direction,
The plate-like member is
It has a lid-like portion for suppressing incidence of south side direct light to the horizontally long hole portion,
The daylighting apparatus according to claim 4. A plate-like member as a component of the daylighting device,
A mirror surface portion is formed on one surface, and a light diffusion surface portion or a light absorption surface portion is formed on the other surface on the opposite side,
Used in an inclined state in which the one surface side faces downward and north, and the other surface side faces upward and south.
A plate-like member for a daylighting device. A laterally extended portion consisting of a surface portion in the north-south direction,
An inclined portion used in the inclined state following the north side from the width extension,
The plate-like member for a lighting device according to claim 6. Comprising a hole for penetrating between the other surface and the one surface to capture direct light;
The plate-like member for a daylighting device according to claim 6 or 7.

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