JP2014061223A - Vital measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

A vital measuring instrument capable of simultaneously obtaining information on a diseased part and severity by simultaneously measuring a respiratory rate and a local respiratory sound, thereby reducing a time taken for diagnosis of a respiratory disease. I will provide a.
A vital measuring instrument includes a first detection unit that detects vibration based on a breathing motion of a subject, a second detection unit that detects vibration based on a breathing sound of the subject, and a first detector. Control that measures the respiration rate of the subject based on the detection result of the detection unit 21, measures the intensity of the respiration sound based on the detection result of the second detection unit 22, and outputs the respiration rate and the sound intensity And a display unit 31 that displays at least one of the respiration rate and the sound intensity output from the control unit 63.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a vital measuring instrument used for measuring a respiratory rate of a living body.

  Infectious diseases such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections currently account for the top causes of death among the elderly. In general, there are many cases of infectious diseases of elderly people who have few symptoms such as fever, and there are not a few cases of seriousness and death due to delay in coping. For this reason, it is important to start treatment by early detection. Normally, pneumonia can be determined by a doctor listening to the sound of the chest with a stethoscope, and can be reliably diagnosed by performing a chest X-ray examination. Urinary tract infections can be diagnosed by performing blood tests, urine culture, abdominal CT tests, abdominal echo tests, and the like. In other words, an infectious disease can be said to be a disease that can be prevented from becoming serious if it is diagnosed by a doctor or the like under an appropriate examination facility. However, in the case of a hospital or a specific nursing facility where doctors are stationed with the above inspection facilities, early diagnosis is possible. In the first place, it is difficult to receive such a diagnosis early in the case of an elderly person or the like in a nursing facility or a medical depopulated area.

  For this reason, for example, in the situation where there is no testing equipment and there is no doctor to judge, caregivers, etc., distinguish pneumonia or urinary tract infections from daily vital fluctuations and determine that there is a suspicion of infectious disease It is necessary to take measures such as transporting to a hospital at an early stage.

  However, it is not easy for caregivers or the like to make such a determination. Even if it is determined that there is a suspicion of an infectious disease, since it is not possible to make a sufficient judgment regarding the severity, it is common to deal with it after looking at the situation for a while. For this reason, as a result, the case where it is conveyed to a hospital in the state which became serious does not end. For this reason, it is indispensable to provide equipment that can be easily measured by caregivers, etc., and that can determine the deterioration of the condition at an early stage in the above-mentioned nursing care sites and medical depopulated areas. It is.

  In early detection of infectious diseases such as pneumonia and urinary tract infection, diagnostic methods focusing on respiratory function evaluation have been attempted. In the respiratory function, the respiratory rate is counted as a basic vital together with the body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse, and is regarded as an extremely important item in judging the patient's condition.

  Known techniques for measuring respiratory rate include those that measure changes in temperature due to breathing by fixing a thermistor to the nose, and those that measure changes in impedance due to breathing between ECG electrodes attached to the chest and abdomen. . However, in any case, it takes time to install the sensor, and it is mainly used in ICU or the like for particularly serious patients. In addition, since there are a large number of electrodes, lead wires, and the like, there is an inherent problem that the degree of freedom of movement of the patient is reduced. In addition, a device that measures respiratory motion by wrapping an elastic band around the chest has been developed for sleep evaluation of patients such as sleep apnea syndrome although it is used for different purposes. There is a problem that it takes time and effort. Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, it is possible to place a patient on an air bag in which a sensor is embedded, and to measure the respiration rate based on body vibration caused by the patient's breathing. A mattress type respiratory rate measuring device has been proposed.

JP2001-145605 JP 2001-276019 A

  By the way, in distinguishing respiratory diseases such as pneumonia, it is important to distinguish lung regions having diseases. Especially for aspiration pneumonia, having a disease in the lower back is a typical symptom, which is important information for a definitive diagnosis. The diseased part is difficult to find visually, and until now, differentiation has been performed by auscultation of lung respiratory sounds. In addition, the respiratory rate is important for determining the severity of the patient, and the respiratory rate was measured using a visual count or a respiratory rate measuring instrument as described above. As described above, since breath sounds and respiratory rates are separately collected from patients, it takes a lot of time and effort to align auscultation / respiration rate count and information necessary for diagnosis. For this reason, as described above, the method of separately collecting the respiratory sound and the respiratory rate from the patient has a problem that it takes a long time for the definite diagnosis of the diseased part and the severity.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by simultaneously measuring the respiratory rate and the local respiratory sound, information on the diseased part and the severity can be obtained at the same time. The purpose is to provide a vital measuring instrument that can reduce the time required for diagnosis.

  (1) Based on detection results of a first detection unit that detects vibration based on the breathing motion of the subject, a second detection unit that detects vibration based on the breathing sound of the subject, and the first detection unit. Measuring the respiratory rate of the subject and measuring the intensity of the respiratory sound based on the detection result of the second detection unit, and outputting the respiratory rate and the intensity, And a display unit that displays at least one of the respiratory rate and the sound intensity output by the control unit.

  (2) The control unit outputs the respiratory rate and the sound intensity over time in synchronization, and the display unit displays the respiratory rate and the sound intensity over time in synchronization. The vital measuring instrument according to (1) above.

  (3) It further has a fluid bag which constitutes a placement part in which a fluid is enclosed and on which the subject is placed, and the first detection part is a part of the subject placed on the fluid bag. The second sensor is configured by a first sensor capable of detecting pressure fluctuation in the fluid bag based on a breathing motion, and the second detector detects a breathing sound of the subject placed on the fluid bag. The vital measuring instrument according to (1) or (2) above, which is configured by a second sensor that can be detected separately from the sensor.

  (4) The first detection unit and the second detection unit are integrally configured by a thin film type sensor capable of detecting the respiratory rate and the sound intensity (1) ) Or the vital measuring instrument according to (2) above.

  (5) The control unit is an excessive sound intensity state in which the detected sound intensity is greater than a predetermined upper limit value, an undertone intensity state in which the detected sound intensity is smaller than a predetermined lower limit value, Or it has a calculation processing part which judges the non-detection state in which a breathing sound is not detected as noise, and when it is judged by the calculation processing part that the noise exists, the 1st on the basis of the time when the noise was detected Any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein the respiration rate is measured by determining a non-measurement section in which vibration based on the respiration motion detected by the detection unit is not included in the respiration rate measurement. Vital measuring instrument described in one.

  According to the vital measuring instrument of the present invention described in (1) above, the first detector detects vibration based on the subject's breathing motion, the second detector detects vibration based on the subject's breathing sound, and the first detector A subject's respiration rate can be measured based on the detection result of 1 detection part. Therefore, since the respiratory rate and the respiratory sound can be measured at the same time, it is possible to provide a vital measuring instrument that can simultaneously identify the disease and determine the severity of the disease, thereby shortening the diagnosis of the respiratory disease. Can be done in time.

  Further, according to the vital measuring instrument of the present invention described in (2) above, the control unit outputs the respiratory rate and the sound intensity over time, and the display unit synchronizes the respiratory rate and the sound intensity over time. Can be displayed. Therefore, since the respiratory rate and the breathing sound can be displayed at the same time, it is possible to provide a vital measuring instrument that can visually distinguish a disease and determine the severity of the disease at the same time, thereby diagnosing a respiratory disease. Can be performed in a short time.

  Further, according to the vital measuring instrument of the present invention described in (3) above, the first sensor detects a pressure fluctuation in the fluid bag based on the breathing motion of the subject placed on the fluid bag, and the second sensor Thus, it is possible to detect the breathing sound of the subject placed on the fluid bag. Therefore, since vibration based on respiratory motion and respiratory sound are detected separately, it is possible to provide a vital measuring instrument that can accurately detect each vibration without being affected by each other's vibration, thereby enabling the detection of disease. The accuracy of discrimination and determination of the disease severity can be improved.

  Further, according to the vital measuring instrument of the present invention described in (4) above, the first detection unit and the second detection unit can be integrally configured by a thin sensor. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vital measuring instrument having a simple configuration as compared with a configuration in which the first detection unit and the second detection unit are separately provided. Moreover, since only one detection part which integrated the 1st detection part and the 2nd detection part is provided, it is possible to provide a small vital measuring instrument. Furthermore, since the first detection unit and the second detection unit are integrally configured by a thin sensor, it is possible to provide a thin vital measuring instrument.

  In addition, according to the vital measuring instrument of the present invention described in (5) above, an excessive sound intensity state in which the detected sound intensity is larger than a predetermined upper limit value, and a lower limit value in which the detected sound intensity is determined in advance. When the noise is detected, it is detected by the first detection unit with reference to the time when the noise is detected. The respiration rate can be measured by defining a non-measurement interval in which vibration based on the respiration motion is not included in the respiration rate measurement. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vital measuring instrument that measures the correct respiration rate by calculating the respiration rate without including the respiration vibration at the location corresponding to the noise, thereby improving the accuracy of the determination of the severity of the disease. Can be improved.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a usage state of the vital measuring instrument according to the first embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a perspective view and FIG. 1B is a side view. 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating the vital measuring instrument according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2A is a plan view of the vital measuring instrument, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the vital measuring instrument. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a fluid bag and a diffusion prevention part. It is a block diagram which simplifies and shows the whole structure of the vital measuring device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the noise removal algorithm of the respiratory vibration measurement data in the vital measuring device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the display part and each operation switch of a vital measuring device. It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the modification of the vital measuring device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a vital measuring instrument according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8A is a plan view of the vital measuring instrument, and FIG. 8B is a side view of the vital measuring instrument. It is a block diagram which simplifies and shows the whole structure of the vital measuring device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. The dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of explanation, and may differ from actual ratios.

<First Embodiment>
Referring to FIG. 1, a vital measuring instrument 10 according to the present invention is used, for example, in a state where a subject is laid on a bed 80, a mattress or the like, and breathing as a basic vital of the subject. It is possible to measure numbers and breath sounds. The subject to be used is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an elderly person receiving home care, and a supine patient suffering from an infection such as pneumonia or urinary tract infection. Moreover, the vital measuring device 10 which concerns on this invention can be used not only for a supine patient but for a sitting patient. In this case, the measurement is performed by inserting the vital measuring instrument 10 under the subject's thigh or butt, pinching it between the belts of the trousers, or pinching it between the back and the back of the chair or the wall. It can be carried out.

  With reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the vital measuring instrument 10 according to the first embodiment can be summarized as follows: a first detection unit 21 that detects vibration based on respiratory motion of a subject (living body 90); The second detection unit 22 that detects vibration based on the breathing sound of the examiner and the second and second respiratory rates of the subject based on the detection result of the first detection unit 21 measured by the control unit 63 (see FIG. 4) described later. And a display unit 31 that displays at least one of the intensity of the breathing sound based on the detection result of the detection unit 22.

  Referring to FIG. 4, the control unit 63 measures the respiratory rate of the subject based on the detection result of the first detection unit 21 and outlines the detection target based on the detection result of the second detection unit 22. Measure the intensity of the examiner's breathing sound and output the breathing rate and sound intensity.

  Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, control unit 63 synchronizes the respiratory rate and breathing sound and outputs it over time, and display unit 31 synchronizes the respiratory rate and sound intensity to display over time.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the vital measuring device 10 further includes a fluid bag 50 that constitutes a placement portion on which a subject is placed while a fluid is sealed therein.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the first detection unit 21 detects a pressure variation in the fluid bag 50 based on the respiratory motion of the subject placed on the fluid bag 50 and converts it into an electrical signal. It is constituted by.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the second detection unit 22 detects a vibration based on the breathing sound of the subject placed on the fluid bag 50 and converts it into an electrical signal (the first sensor 41 and the second sensor 42). Are constituted by separate sensors).

  Here, the vibration based on the respiratory motion of the subject is a vibration having a frequency of about 0 Hz to 1.5 Hz. The vibration based on the breathing sound of the subject is a vibration having a frequency of about 10 Hz to 20 kHz. Thus, the vibration based on the subject's breathing motion and the vibration based on the breathing sound have different frequency bands. For this reason, in this embodiment, the vital measuring instrument 10 includes two sensors (first sensor 41 and second sensor 42) having different frequency bands of vibrations that can be detected. It is configured to detect vibration based on respiratory sounds.

  The first sensor 41 is used to detect vibration based on the respiratory motion of the subject. Referring to FIG. 2, the first sensor 41 is connected to a lead wire 61 that is electrically connected to a control circuit (see FIG. 4) described later in the main body 30. The first sensor 41 is directly connected to the fluid bag 50.

  The first sensor 41 detects a change in pressure (fluid pressure) in the fluid bag 50 and transmits an electric signal based on the detection result to a control circuit or the like via the lead wire 61 (see FIG. 4). The first sensor 41 is a pressure sensor that can detect respiratory vibrations in a frequency band of 0 Hz <f <1.5 Hz (f: frequency) in order to detect vibrations based on the respiratory motion of the subject. . In the first embodiment, the first sensor 41 made up of a pressure sensor is used to detect respiratory vibration. However, the first sensor 41 is not limited to this, and can be used to detect respiratory vibration, such as a low-frequency microphone and air pressure. Known omnidirectional microphones, condenser microphones, strain gauges, capacitive surface pressure sensors, FSR sensors, piezoelectric films, and the like can be used as appropriate according to the characteristics of the fluid.

  The arrangement location of the first sensor 41 is not limited to the inside, the front surface, and the back surface of the fluid bag 50, and can be changed as appropriate. For example, it is possible to adopt a form in which a fluid passage communicating with the inside of the fluid bag 50 is provided and the first sensor 41 is installed in the middle of the fluid passage. It is also possible to install the first sensor 41 inside the main body 30. The transmission / reception of the detection data performed between the first sensor 41 and the control unit 63 is not limited to the form using the lead wire 61, but by a transmission / reception method using a general electric cable or a wireless method. It is also possible to adopt a transmission / reception method.

  The second sensor 42 is used to detect vibration based on the breathing sound of the subject. As shown in FIG. 2, the second sensor 42 is disposed on the surface of the fluid bag 50 via an adhesive, or is incorporated in the main body 30.

  The second sensor 42 detects vibration based on the breathing sound of the subject, and transmits the electric vibration based on the detection result to a control circuit or the like in the main body 30 via a transmission unit (not shown) included in the sensor by a wireless method. Transmit (see FIG. 4). The second sensor 42 uses a microphone capable of detecting a breathing sound having a frequency band of 10 Hz <f <20 kHz in order to detect vibration based on the breathing sound of the subject. In the first embodiment, the second sensor 42 composed of a microphone is used to detect a breathing sound. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an omnidirectional microphone, a condenser microphone, a piezoelectric film, or the like that can detect a breathing sound is used. Can be used as appropriate.

  The arrangement location of the second sensor 42 is not limited to the inside, the front surface, the back surface, and the inside of the main body 30 of the fluid bag 50, and can be changed as appropriate. For example, it is possible to employ a form in which the fluid bag 50 and the main body 30 are installed at a position where the breathing sound of the subject can be detected using the cordless second sensor 42 that is not connected. Transmission / reception of detection data performed between the second sensor 42 and the control unit 63 is not limited to a wireless system, but transmission / reception using a general electric cable or a wired system using a lead wire. It is also possible to adopt the transmission / reception method by.

  The fluid bag 50 is composed of a sheet-like member that can enclose a fluid therein. The material of the fluid bag 50 is not particularly limited. For example, flexible rubber, plastic, cloth material, etc. having airtightness can be used. The fluid bag 50 is formed in a relatively small size, each side of the outer peripheral portion is about 3 cm and 15 cm, respectively, and the thickness at the time of maximum expansion is about 1 cm. As the fluid, air, water, oil, polymer gel, or the like can be used. In addition, the broken line part shown in FIG. 1 illustrates the surroundings of the installation area of the fluid bag 50. The fluid bag 50 is provided so that its volume can be changed according to the respiratory vibration of the subject.

  With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, a diffusion preventing unit 70 is disposed on the back surface 53 of the fluid bag 50 in order to prevent diffusion of respiratory vibrations transmitted to the fluid bag 50. The diffusion preventing unit 70 is disposed on the back surface 53 opposite to the front surface 51 disposed on the living body 90 side of the fluid bag 50, and elastically supports the fluid bag 50 when the living body 90 is placed on the fluid bag 50. A support member 71, an expansion / contraction restriction member 73 (backing material) that is disposed between the back surface 53 of the fluid bag 50 and the support member 71 and is less likely to expand and contract in the surface direction than the front surface 51 of the fluid bag 50; Consists of.

  In the description of the first embodiment, the “front surface” of the fluid bag 50 is a surface on the side that faces the living body 90 when using the vital measuring instrument, and the “back surface” of the fluid bag 50 is This is the surface on the side where the living body 90 is placed facing the bed 80 or mattress on which the living body 90 is laid. In FIG. 3, the front surface 51 is shown on the upper side in the drawing, and the back surface 53 is shown on the lower side in the drawing.

  Referring to FIG. 3, the support member 71 disposed on the back surface 53 of the fluid bag 50 supports the fluid bag 50 so as to push it up from the bed 80 side, and stabilizes the contact between the fluid bag 50 and the living body 90. Have Since the fluid bag 50 is stably held with respect to the living body 90, it is possible to prevent the fluid bag 50 from being displaced even when the living body 90 moves lightly. In addition, since the support member 71 also functions as a buffer layer between the living body 90 and the bed 80, the respiratory vibration transmitted from the living body 90 is prevented from diffusing into the bed 80. As shown in the figure, the support member 71 is provided with a side wall 72 disposed so as to surround the outer peripheral side surface of the fluid bag 50. By providing the side wall 72, the fluid bag 50 can be supported more stably.

  The support member 71 uses a latex balloon, but is not limited to this. For example, a material made of a material that can elastically support the fluid bag 50, such as a sponge or a gel, is appropriately used. It is possible to use. When the balloon is used, a fluid such as air or water is injected into the balloon through a fluid inlet (not shown) and inflated. Further, after use, the fluid injected into the balloon is discharged and stored in a case or the like together with the fluid bag 50 in a deflated state.

  The expansion / contraction restriction member 73 disposed between the back surface 53 of the fluid bag 50 and the support member 71 functions as a buffer layer together with the support member 71, and respiratory vibration reaches the bed 80 through the outer surface 51 of the fluid bag 50. To prevent diffusion. In the embodiment, the non-stretchable plastic film is inserted and disposed between the back surface 53 of the fluid bag 50 and the support member 71. For example, the non-stretchable plastic film is adhered to the fluid bag 50 or the support member 71. It is also possible to adopt an integrated form.

  Although the non-stretchable plastic film is used for the expansion / contraction regulating member 73, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a metallic thin plate, a film, or the like can be used. As the plastic film, for example, a resin plate or film made of PET resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, nylon resin, urethane resin, vinyl chloride resin, or the like can be used. Also, copolymers of various vinyl monomers such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer can be used. The thickness of the expansion / contraction restriction member 73 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a member having a thickness of about 1 mm from the viewpoint of miniaturization.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the main body 30 includes a display 31 that displays the respiratory rate measured based on the respiratory vibration detected by the first detector 21 and the respiratory sound detected by the second detector 22, A sound output unit 32 that emits predetermined sound according to the detection result, an LED output unit 33 that emits predetermined LED light according to the detection result, and an operation switch (mode changeover switch 34) for selectively operating various functions. , A waveform confirmation switch 35) and a power supply unit (power switch 36) for supplying power to the vital measuring instrument 10. Further, the main body 30 has an insertion port in which the storage medium 1 is detachably provided, although not shown.

  The main body 30 is a housing in which a control unit 63 is disposed inside and a display or operation switch as the display unit 31 is provided outside. As the material of the housing, a hard plastic material generally used for a hard cover of electronic equipment is used.

  The control unit 63 included in the main body unit 30 transmits from the second detection unit 22 based on the electrical signal transmitted from the first detection unit 21 and the breathing sound generated by the subject when the pressure in the fluid bag 50 fluctuates. An arithmetic processing unit that performs various arithmetic processes based on the electrical signal that is performed, a display control unit that controls the content displayed on the display unit 31, a first detection unit 21, a second detection unit 22, an arithmetic processing unit, a display And a control circuit that controls each of the control units (see FIG. 4).

  The arithmetic processing unit processes the electrical signal transmitted from the first detection unit 21 to calculate respiratory vibration data, and processes the electrical signal transmitted from the second detection unit 22 to calculate respiratory sound data. A ROM storing a program for predicting and calculating the respiratory rate based on the time change of the calculated respiratory vibration data, a RAM for storing the calculated respiratory vibration data and respiratory sound data in time series, and a predetermined sound And an EEPROM storing data and the like. The arithmetic processing unit controls operations such as displaying the measured respiration rate and breathing sound on the display unit 31, issuing a warning alarm from the sound output unit 32, and emitting a warning light from the LED output unit 33. .

  In addition, the arithmetic processing unit stores the respiratory vibration data and the respiratory sound data in time series in the same manner as the RAM, with respect to the storage medium 1 that is detachably attached to the insertion unit (not shown) of the main body unit 30. The storage medium 1 is a non-volatile memory card, for example, an SD card (SD Memory Card). The time-series respiratory vibration data and respiratory sound data stored in the storage medium 1 are stored in, for example, a PC (Personal Computer) and used for more detailed diagnosis of respiratory diseases.

  FIG. 5 shows respiratory vibration data and respiratory sound data detected from the subject over time. The upper waveform in FIG. 5 shows respiratory vibration data, and the lower waveform shows respiratory sound data. Further, the horizontal axis of FIG. 5 represents a change with time, and the vertical axis represents a change in output of respiratory vibration data and respiratory sound data.

  First, a respiration rate calculation rule (one example) in the arithmetic processing unit will be described. A plurality of inflection points (H1 to H12) in the respiratory vibration data in FIG. 5 are caused by a difference in output change of respiratory vibration when the subject detected by the first detection unit 21 exhales and inhales. The action corresponding to one breath of “vomit, suck, and exhale” is represented by three inflection points.

  The arithmetic processing unit identifies three inflection points (H2 to H4 in FIG. 5) in the breathing vibration data as one breath, and calculates a time for one breath (T1 in FIG. 5). And the arithmetic processing part will calculate the respiration rate per minute based on this calculation result, if the time concerning 1 respiration is calculated. For example, if the time for one breath (elapsed time T1 between the inflection points H2 to H4 in FIG. 5) is 3.0 seconds, the respiration rate per minute (60 seconds) is calculated as 20 times. The In the first embodiment, the number of breaths per minute is calculated based on the time for one breath. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the respiration rate per minute may be calculated from the respiration rate.

  The arithmetic processing unit calculates the respiration rate per minute and analyzes the respiration sound data, and the respiration sound data includes a very large respiration sound (cough, mussel, etc.) and a very small respiration sound (body movement, etc.). ) Or noise indicating non-detection (such as apnea) is determined. Here, for example, based on normal respiratory sound threshold (upper limit and lower limit) data set in advance in the ROM, the arithmetic processing unit generates an excessive sound (cough, mussel, etc.) when the respiratory sound data is larger than the upper limit. It is determined that the noise is noise. On the other hand, when the respiratory sound data is smaller than the lower limit value, the arithmetic processing unit determines that the noise indicates an undertone (such as body movement). In addition, when the breathing sound data is not detected, the arithmetic processing unit determines that the noise indicates apnea.

  Below, the calculation rule of the respiration rate of the arithmetic processing part in case noise is contained in the respiration sound data is demonstrated. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a case where noise (excessive sound such as cough, mussel) is included in the respiratory sound data will be described as an example. Note that the noise is an excessive sound b whose amplitude value appears larger than that of the normal sound a in the respiratory sound data in FIG.

  When the arithmetic processing unit determines the noise, a predetermined interval (inflection points H4 to H10 in FIG. 5) of the respiratory vibration data is determined with reference to the time when the noise is detected (inflection points H6 to H8 in FIG. 5). The respiration rate is measured by excluding the respiration vibration data of the non-measurement section, which is determined as a non-measurement section (T2) not included in the measurement of the respiration rate.

  The arithmetic processing unit is not limited to the inflection points derived from the excessive sound vibration corresponding to the noise (inflection points H6 to H8 in FIG. 5), but also the predetermined section affected by the noise when the noise is detected. The respiration rate is calculated without including the inflection points (inflection points H4 to H10 in FIG. 5). In the first embodiment, the arithmetic processing unit sets the inflection points H4 to H10 as the non-measurement section (T2) as shown in FIG. The non-measurement section may be set, or the inflection points H6 to H8 may be set to the non-measurement section. Here, the arithmetic processing unit calculates the respiration rate based on the same rule even when an undertone due to body movement is detected or the breathing sound data is not detected (apnea).

  Referring to FIG. 6, the power switch 36 is for operating on / off of the power source of the vital measuring instrument 10. The mode switch 34 is used for switching between the real-time measurement mode and the memory data browsing mode. When using the real-time measurement mode, for example, a warning alarm function is used together. When a respiratory sound indicating the characteristics of a preset abnormal lung sound is measured, a warning sound is emitted from the sound output unit 32 and a warning light is emitted from the LED output unit 33 to notify the user of the occurrence of a vital abnormality at an early stage. It is possible. Further, when a respiration rate exceeding the setting is measured, a warning sound and a warning light are emitted. At this time, the warning alarm is preferably set so that, for example, a warning sound and warning light are emitted when the respiratory rate reaches 30 times / min or more, or when it reaches 8 times / min or less. This is because the respiration rate of a healthy person is about 15 to 20 times / min, and if it exceeds 25 times / min, it is determined as tachyrespiration. In the first embodiment, the warning sound and the warning light can be emitted at the same time. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the warning sound and the warning light may be selected so as to emit only one of the warning sound and the warning light. Further, the sound output unit 32 may be configured to output the breathing sound measured from the sound output unit 32 as it is so that the user can listen to the breathing sound at the time of measurement.

  The waveform confirmation switch 35 is for confirming waveform data of breathing vibration and breathing sound stored in the RAM. By pressing the upper and lower waveform confirmation switches 37 in the memory data browsing mode, it is possible to display the waveform at the end of measurement from the waveform at the start of measurement on the display unit 31 in time series.

  The right end of the display unit 31 can display the respiratory rate calculated based on the respiratory vibration waveform data. As illustrated, for example, a respiratory rate (RR) for one minute is displayed. As the respiration rate, a respiration rate (RR: Respiratory Rate) predicted by the arithmetic processing unit is displayed.

  In the first embodiment, the waveform data of breathing vibration and breathing sound displayed on the display unit 31 has been described as raw data including noise. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and waveform data from which noise points have been removed is displayed. The present invention can also be applied to the configuration displayed on the unit 31. In the first embodiment, the display 31 is described as displaying the waveform data of respiratory vibration and respiratory sound and the respiratory rate together. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and only the waveform data of respiratory vibration and the respiratory rate are displayed. Alternatively, it may be configured to be selectable so that only the waveform data of the respiratory sound is displayed.

  Next, the usage method of the vital measuring device 10 which concerns on 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid bag 50 is inserted into the gap between the body 90 of the supine patient and the bed 80. Since the fluid bag 50 is formed in a small size, it can be easily inserted between the body 90 and the bed 80.

  In the fluid bag 50, the configuration of the diffusion preventing member 70 described above suppresses the generation of noise associated with changes in the measurement environment due to the body movement of the subject, so the first detection unit 21 and the second detection unit 22 , Breathing vibration and breathing sound can be suitably detected.

  Next, the diagnostic method using the respiratory vibration and respiratory sound waveform data output from the first detection unit 21 and the second detection unit 22 of the vital measuring instrument, and the respiratory rate calculated from the output respiratory vibration An example will be described.

  By evaluating the correlation between the increase in the respiratory rate and the number of events derived from cough / muscle, it is possible to diagnose that there is a suspicion of aspiration pneumonia.

  Usually, in the case of obstructive apnea symptoms, there is respiratory movement but ventilation is not performed, and it was difficult to detect apnea only by vibration detection, but combine the presence or absence of breathing sound with respiratory vibration Thus, the accuracy of discrimination can be increased.

  As described above, according to the vital measuring instrument 10, the first detection unit 21 detects the respiratory vibration of the subject, the second detection unit 22 detects the vibration based on the respiratory sound of the subject, The respiration rate of the subject can also be measured based on the detection result of the 1 detection unit 21. Therefore, by simultaneously measuring the respiratory rate and respiratory sound, it is possible to simultaneously identify a disease and determine the severity of the disease, thereby making it possible to diagnose a respiratory disease in a short time. It becomes possible to provide a vital measuring instrument that can be used.

  Further, according to the vital measuring instrument 10, the control unit 63 can synchronize and output the respiratory rate and the respiratory sound with time, and the display unit 31 can synchronize the respiratory rate and the respiratory sound with time to display. . Therefore, by simultaneously displaying the respiratory rate and the respiratory sound, it is possible to simultaneously identify the disease visually and determine the severity of the disease, thereby making it possible to diagnose the respiratory disease in a short time. It is possible to provide a vital measuring instrument capable of performing the above.

  Further, according to the vital measuring instrument 10, the first sensor 41 detects the respiratory vibration of the subject placed on the fluid bag 50, and the second sensor 42 detects the subject's breathing vibration. Respiratory sound can be detected. Therefore, since the respiratory vibration and the breathing sound are detected separately, it is possible to provide a vital measuring instrument that can detect the breathing vibration and the breathing sound with high accuracy without being affected by each other's vibration.

  Further, according to the vital measuring instrument 10, the arithmetic processing unit detects that the detected breathing sound is excessively louder than the upper limit value of a predetermined normal breathing sound threshold (such as cough, mussel, etc.) and smaller than the lower limit value. In the case of sound (such as body movement) or non-detection (such as apnea), it is determined as noise, and when it is determined as noise, the respiratory vibration detected by the first detection unit 21 based on the detection of noise. Is determined as a non-measurement section that is not included in the respiration rate measurement, and the respiration rate is measured by excluding the respiratory vibration data of the non-measurement section. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vital measuring instrument capable of measuring an accurate respiration rate by calculating a respiration rate without including a respiration vibration at a location corresponding to noise.

<Modification>
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a vital measuring instrument 10a according to a modification of the first embodiment described above.

  Unlike the vital measuring instrument 10 of the first embodiment, the vital measuring instrument 10a of the modified example includes an audio output unit 132 that emits a warning sound on the air bag 100 side instead of the main body 30a, and an LED output unit 133 that emits warning light. It is a configuration. As shown in this modification, it is also possible to employ a configuration including an audio output unit 132 and an LED output unit 133 on the air bag 100 side.

Second Embodiment
8 and 9 are diagrams for explaining a vital measuring instrument 10b according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 shows a vital measuring instrument 10b according to this embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a simplified overall configuration of the vital measuring instrument 10b according to this embodiment. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member similar to the member demonstrated in 1st Embodiment, and the description is partially omitted.

  With reference to FIG. 8, the vital measuring device 10b according to the second embodiment generally detects vibration based on respiratory motion of the subject's living body (breathing vibration) and vibration based on breathing sound (breathing sound). It has a thin film type piezoelectric film 200 that can be attached to the living body of the subject.

  The piezoelectric film 200 can detect a vibration whose frequency band is 0 Hz <f <20 kHz in order to detect the breathing vibration and breathing sound of the subject. The piezoelectric film 200 converts the detected respiratory vibration and respiratory sound into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the control circuit of the main body 30b via the lead wire 61. The electrical signal transmitted by the piezoelectric film 200 includes frequency data and output voltage value of the detected vibration.

  The piezoelectric film 200 of the present embodiment is composed of a piezo film (Piezo film / EmFit). The piezo film is a piezoelectric element that is made of plastic PVDF having a piezoelectric effect, has good workability, and can be easily thinned. This piezo film is light, soft and has excellent mechanical properties and durability such as impact resistance. In the second embodiment, a film made by EmFit is used for the piezoelectric film 200, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a piezoelectric film made by another company can be used as appropriate.

  As described above, the vital measuring instrument 10b of the present embodiment detects the respiratory vibration and breathing sound of the subject using one detection unit (piezoelectric film 200).

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the main body 30b differs from the main body 30 of the vital measuring instrument 10 according to the first embodiment in the control configuration of the control unit 63 disposed therein as follows.

  The arithmetic processing unit of the control unit 63b performs a filtering process on the vibration electric signal emitted from the subject transmitted from the piezoelectric film 200 to separate the electric signal based on the respiratory vibration and the electric signal based on the breathing sound. Based on the calculated respiratory vibration data and respiratory sound data, the respiratory rate is predicted and calculated based on the temporal change of the calculated respiratory vibration data (see FIG. 9).

  Here, the filtering process of the electrical signal in the arithmetic processing unit will be described in detail.

  The arithmetic processing unit converts an electrical signal (including frequency data of the detected vibration) transmitted from the piezoelectric film 200 into an electrical signal (frequency band 0 Hz <f <) based on respiratory vibration based on the frequency data included in the electrical signal. 1.5 Hz) and an electrical signal based on breathing sound (frequency band 10 Hz <f <20 kHz).

  Then, when the arithmetic processing unit acquires the electrical signal based on the respiratory vibration and the electrical signal based on the respiratory sound by the filtering process, the arithmetic processing unit calculates each of the electrical signals to calculate the respiratory vibration data and the respiratory sound data. The respiratory rate is predicted and calculated based on the time change of the respiratory vibration data.

  As described above, according to the vital measuring instrument 10b of the second embodiment, vibration based on the subject's breathing motion and vibration based on the breathing sound can be detected by one detection unit (piezoelectric film 200). Therefore, like the vital measuring instrument 10 of the first embodiment, two detection units that detect vibration based on respiratory motion by the first detection unit 21 and detect vibration based on respiratory sound by the second detection unit 22. Compared with the structure provided with, the vital measuring device which consists of a simple structure can be provided. Moreover, since only one detection part (piezoelectric film 200) is provided, it is possible to provide a small vital measuring instrument. Furthermore, since the thin piezoelectric film 200 is used without detecting the air bag in order to detect the vibration based on the breathing motion of the subject, it is possible to provide a thin vital measuring instrument.

10, 10b vital measuring instrument,
21 1st detection part,
22 2nd detection part 30, 30b A main-body part,
41 first sensor;
42 second sensor,
50 fluid bags,
80 beds,
90 living body,
200 Piezoelectric film.

Claims (5)

A first detector for detecting vibration based on the breathing motion of the subject;
A second detector for detecting vibration based on the breathing sound of the subject;
The respiratory rate of the subject is measured based on the detection result of the first detection unit, and the intensity of the respiratory sound is measured based on the detection result of the second detection unit, and the respiratory rate and the A control unit that outputs sound intensity;
And a display unit that displays at least one of the respiratory rate and the sound intensity output by the control unit. The control unit outputs the respiratory rate and the sound intensity over time in synchronization with each other,
The vital measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the display unit displays the respiratory rate and the sound intensity over time in synchronization. And further includes a fluid bag that constitutes a placement portion on which the fluid is enclosed and the subject is placed;
The first detection unit is configured by a first sensor capable of detecting a pressure variation in the fluid bag based on the breathing motion of the subject placed on the fluid bag,
The said 2nd detection part is comprised by the 2nd sensor which can detect the said patient's breathing sound mounted in the said fluid bag separately from a said 1st sensor. Or the vital measuring device of Claim 2.   The said 1st detection part and the said 2nd detection part are comprised integrally by the thin film type sensor which can detect the said respiration rate and the said sound intensity. 2. The vital measuring instrument according to 2. The control unit may be an oversounding state in which the detected sound intensity is greater than a predetermined upper limit, an undersounding state in which the detected sound intensity is less than a predetermined lower limit, or a breathing sound A non-detection state where no noise is detected is determined to be noise, and when it is determined by the calculation processing unit that the noise is present, the first detection unit uses the detection of the noise as a reference. 5. The vital measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the respiratory rate is measured by determining a non-measurement section in which vibration based on the detected respiratory motion is not included in the measurement of the respiratory rate. 6. .