JP2014054508A - Barbecue stove - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a barbecue stove allowing persons to enjoy rustic atmosphere and amusement having been relished only by the barbecue, without being restricted by a specific place such as an outdoor camp site.SOLUTION: The barbecue stove comprises: left/right screens 3 and 3 provided on a housing 2 provided on a carrier C; and a stove body 4 disposed between the screens 3 and 3 and having a hood 40 attached thereto. The barbecue stove further comprises a smoke-collection and deodorizing device consisting of a smoke collection part 41 provided on a hood 40 of the stove body 4, a hose 5, one end 50 of which is connected to the smoke collection part 41 and the other end 51 of which is connected to a connection port 20 provided on the housing 2, a blower unit 6 attached to a housing inner side of the connection port 20, and a filter 7 attached to the housing 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a barbecue stove (hereinafter also simply referred to as a stove) that exhibits a smoke collecting function and a deodorizing function.

The barbecue is both ambitious and entertaining by cooking meat, fish, vegetables, etc. (hereinafter referred to as ingredients) outdoors and enjoying the cooked dishes outdoors.
Such barbecues are often performed at campsites, riverbanks, coasts, etc., and smoke, oily smoke, etc. generated during cooking are not particularly problematic.

The applicant sought to develop a barbecue stove in order to pursue the possibility of enjoying the ambition and entertainment that can only be enjoyed on a barbecue without being limited to the place.
For example, you can enjoy a barbecue on the rooftops of buildings and condominiums, even in small idle areas between buildings,
You can enjoy barbecue even in ordinary houses in the gardens, verandas, etc. that are built by neighboring houses.
The ability to entertain visitors with their ambitions and entertainment at hotels and restaurants,
In addition, it can be used as a heat source for cooking in an emergency, such as at a refuge in a disaster.

In order to solve such a problem, it is necessary to solve the following problems, and it is desirable to solve them.
First, make it less susceptible to the effects of outside air such as rain, wind, and temperature during cooking.
Secondly, as a cooking method, not only to bake ingredients, but also to be able to enjoy other cooking methods,
Third, the generation of smoke such as oil smoke from the stove can be suppressed, and even if oil smoke is generated during cooking, smoke can be collected and deodorized at the same time without spreading them around.
Fourth, as a stove equipped with a smoke collector and deodorizer, it is compact, easy to move, and easy to maintain.
Fifth, the clean air from which soot and odorous substances are removed through the smoke collecting device and the deodorizing device is gently exhausted so as not to be a concern for visitors.

For some of these problems, there are cases where a solution is suggested for a cooking table used exclusively indoors.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a hood 5 that collects contaminated air generated from an object to be cooked, and the contaminated air collected by the hood is sucked from the suction port 3 and purified, and then purified from the air outlets 7a and 7b. The cooking table provided with the air processing apparatus 14 discharged | emitted is disclosed.

  However, the stove in this case is assumed to be used not only indoors but also outdoors, and it is necessary to consider the influence of outside air and to collect smoke and deodorize outdoors. The cooking table used exclusively indoors cannot be applied to the barbecue stove as it is.

JP2007-32915A

  Accordingly, the present invention (present invention) aims to solve the above-mentioned problems as much as possible and provide a barbecue stove that can enjoy the ambition and entertainment that can only be enjoyed at a barbecue without limiting the place. And

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is directed to the left and right screens of a stove body, a hood that surrounds the stove body together with these screens, and smoke from the stove body through the hood and deodorized. A smoke collecting and deodorizing device that exhausts the air is attached to the housing to provide a barbecue stove (invention according to claim 1).

Here, “smoke” refers to soot, oil smoke, particles, gas, etc., rising from an iron plate or the like of the stove body used for cooking.
The smoke collecting and deodorizing device includes a hose having at least one end connected to the hood and the other end connected to the housing, and a fan and a filter attached to the housing.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a housing, left and right screens disposed on the housing, a stove body disposed between the screens, and a hood, and the stove body. A hose having one end connected to the hood and the other end connected to a connection port provided in the housing; a fan attached to the inside of the housing of the connection port; and a filter attached to one surface of the housing. A barbecue stove characterized by being provided (the invention according to claim 2).

  In the said invention, the said food | hood is good also as a stove provided with the smoke collection part, and the end of the said hose is connected to the smoke collection part (invention of Claim 3).

  In each of the above inventions, the hood may be opened and closed at an arbitrary angle with respect to the stove body, and the air volume of the fan may be adjusted according to the opening and closing angle (the invention according to claim 4). .

  In each of the above-mentioned inventions, the air volume of the fan is a stove that passes through the filter in a state in which the wind speed corresponding to the air volume is decelerated in the housing (invention according to claim 5).

  In each of the above inventions, the filter is provided with an adsorbent admixed and diffused with the intake air by the fan (invention of claim 6).

  In each of the above inventions, the housing may be provided on a carrier (invention according to claim 7).

According to the above invention, since the left and right screens of the stove body and the hood surrounding the stove body together with these screens are provided, it is difficult to be affected by outside air such as rain, wind, and temperature during cooking. As a cooking method, not only baking ingredients but also other cooking methods can be enjoyed.
The smoke collection and deodorization device can suppress the generation of smoke such as oil smoke from the stove. Even if oil smoke is generated during cooking, it can be collected without diffusing it around and deodorizing at the same time. Can be made.
Also, clean air from which soot and odorous substances are removed is gently exhausted through the smoke collecting device and the deodorizing device.
Furthermore, since the housing is provided on the carrier, it is compact and easy to move as a stove equipped with a smoke collecting device and a deodorizing device.
That is, it is possible to provide a barbecue stove that solves the above-described problems and can enjoy the ambition and entertainment that can only be enjoyed at a barbecue without limiting the place.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a stove according to the first embodiment. 2 is a side view of the stove, 3 is a side view of the stove, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the action operation of the stove, FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a stove according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a side view of the stove, FIG. 7: is the schematic front view of the stove concerning Example 3, and the perspective view which extracted the principal part.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the stove 1 according to the first embodiment includes a housing 2 provided on the carrier C, left and right screens 3 and 3 provided on the housing 2, and In the barbecue stove provided between the screens 3 and 3 and provided with the stove body 4 to which the hood 40 is attached, a smoke collecting part 41 provided on the hood 40 of the stove body 4 and one end of the smoke collecting part 41 50, the other end 51 is connected to the connection port 20 provided in the housing 2, the blower unit 6 as a fan mounted inside the housing of the connection port 20, and the housing 2. A smoke collecting and deodorizing device comprising the filter 7 is provided.

The housing 2 includes the blower unit 6 and a chamber 21 into which smoke or the like is introduced by the blower unit 6. From the front surface 22, the left and right side surfaces 23.24, the back surface 25, the flat surface 26, and the bottom surface 27. It is composed of a rectangular parallelepiped.
A connection port 20 is provided on the left side surface 23, a filter 7 is attached to the back surface 25, and a back surface side opening 250 is formed on the back surface 25 so that the surface of the filter 7 faces the chamber 21.
The casing 2 is formed, for example, to have a height dimension of about 60 cm, a width dimension of about 75 cm, and a depth dimension of about 50 cm.

The left and right screens 3 and 3 prevent wind and rain from entering the iron plate of the stove body 4 from both sides of the stove body 4.
That is, even if the hood 40 is opened to about 45 degrees around a rotating shaft (not shown) provided on the stove body 4 as shown by the broken lines in FIGS. The open end 40 a is configured so as to be approximately within the screens 3 and 3.
Therefore, by providing such screens 3 and 3, it is configured so that wind, rain, etc. are difficult to blow on the iron plate from the space around the stove body 4 in cooperation with the hood 40, and cooking is easy. I have to.
As shown in FIG. 1, the screens 3 and 3 are provided with a gap on the left and right sides of the stove body 4 for convenience of maintenance. However, the screen is not limited to the above configuration. Absent. For example, a bellows configuration that follows the opening and closing of the hood 40 may be used.

  The stove body 4 is provided with a burner, an iron plate on the burner, and a grill (not shown), respectively, and an operation panel 42 for operating the burner.

The hood 40 opens and closes the space on the iron plate of the stove body 4 so that not only baking ingredients but also cooking methods such as steaming can be enjoyed. At the same time, cooking work or the like on the stove body 4 is less susceptible to the effects of rain, wind, outside air temperature, and the like.
Further, the hood 40 and the screens 3 and 3 also serve as a guide for guiding smoke and the like to the smoke collecting portion 41, and prevent diffusion of oily smoke and the like.

The hood 40 can be rotated up to about 45 degrees, but the air volume of the blower unit 6 may be adjusted according to an arbitrary opening angle up to about 45 degrees. Specifically, a limiter SW is attached to the stove body side (not shown), and the opening angle of the hood 40 is mechanically detected to control the operation of the blower unit 6.
As a control method, for example, when the hood 40 is fully closed, the iron plate of the stove body 4 is not deprived of heat, and the air volume of the blower unit 6 is suppressed so that smoke can be collected. Control is performed to increase the amount of air sucked in the removal in accordance with the increase of.
The SW mounting position is preferably a place that does not cause trouble due to accumulation of oil or the like.
During maintenance of the hood 40, it can be fully opened.

The smoke collecting portion 41 includes a convex portion 410 attached by cutting out the upper portion of the hood 40, and a smoke collecting port 411 (see FIG. 4) provided in the convex portion 410.
When the hose 5 is attached to the hood 40, the convex portion 410 enables the hose 5 to be reliably and stably attached, and the hose 5 smoothly moves when the hood 40 is opened and closed. It is designed to improve the efficiency of smoke collection and is formed in a substantially triangular prism shape.
The smoke collecting port 411 has a round hole shape formed on the triangular prism-shaped back surface of the convex portion 410.

  Although the said hose 5 uses the bellows-like thing bent flexibly, it is not limited to this. In addition, only a movable part such as an attachment part between the smoke collection port 411 and the one end 50 of the hose 5 may be configured to be extendable.

The blower unit 6 applies negative pressure to the smoke collection port 411 through the hose 5 and introduces smoke or the like into the housing 2 from the smoke collection port 411 through the connection port 20. The inner surface of the left side surface 23 of the body 2 is connected to the connection port 20.
By operating the blower unit 6, an air flow path is formed on the iron plate of the stove body 4, and the temperature of the air on the iron plate is lowered, thereby suppressing an increase in heat generation of the iron plate. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of smoke, such as oil smoke, can be suppressed in each stage, such as a preheating stage, such as a steel plate, the stage which puts foodstuffs on a steel plate, and cooks, and the stage of the body stop at the time of cooking interruption.
In addition, the air flow generated by the blower unit 6 takes away the amount of heat required when oil slag or the like around the iron plate ignites, thereby reducing the occurrence of fire sparks.

In order to enhance the smoke collection / deodorization effect of the filter 7, it is desirable that an adsorbent (described later) is attached to the filter 7. In order to maintain the smoke collecting / deodorizing effect by the adsorbent, soot, particles, odor components, etc. adhering to the filter 7 are removed, and a new adsorbent (hereinafter also referred to as powder) is attached to the filter 7. Must be restored to the initial state.
In this embodiment, the adsorbent is attached to the filter 7 using the blower unit 6.
That is, the blower unit 6 uniformly adsorbs the adsorbent on the surface of the filter 7. The adsorbent is introduced from the connection port 20 from which the other end 51 of the hose 5 is removed, and the blower unit 6 takes in the intake air. And adsorbent are mixed and diffused in the housing 2 so that the adsorbent can be uniformly attached to the surface of the filter 7.

The casing 2 is provided with a power supply device 8 connected to a commercial power supply or the like, and driving power is supplied to the blower unit 6 via the power supply device 8.
In addition, the gas cylinder G can be loaded on the carrier C, and fuel is supplied to the stove body 4 and a caster is attached. The stove is provided with a smoke collecting and deodorizing device, and is compact and movable. It is configured to be easy to do.

The adsorbent is in the form of a powder having a porous structure. In this embodiment, a mixture of charcoal powder and zeolite powder is used. In order to maintain the operational effects such as deodorization by the filter 7, the blower unit 6 is appropriately operated and attached to the filter 7 from the connection port 20 from which the other end 51 of the hose 5 is removed.
The adsorbent is not limited to a mixture of charcoal powder and zeolite powder. One type of powder, a mixture of multiple types, etc., selection of powder, mixing ratio, exchange of powder type Can be done arbitrarily.

The filter 7 is a flat filter formed by folding a hard filter cloth into a pleat shape and attached to a frame 70.
The frame body 70 is divided into an indoor side frame body 71 and an outdoor side frame body 72, each having a lateral width substantially equal to a longitudinal width of the carrier C and a longitudinal width larger than the longitudinal width of the housing 2. The indoor side frame 71 is fixed to the rear surface 25 side of the housing 2, and the outdoor side frame 72 containing the filter 7 is attached to the indoor side frame 71 so as to be openable and closable. .

  The soot and smoke particles constituting the smoke are blocked by the filter 7 (attached to the filter). Gas (gas) -like odor components (molecules) that are finer than the particles can be adsorbed by van der Waals forces where these molecules and adsorbent molecules interact with each other.

The stove 1 is designed so that the “processing air volume” by the blower unit 6 is approximately 15 m ³ × min, and the “filtration accuracy” by the filter 7 is approximately 0.5 μm × 90%.
When the air volume generated by the blower unit 6 is diffused in the housing 2, the wind speed is decelerated and exhausted through the filter 7 having a larger area. It can be pulled up.
Further, the air pressure generated by the blower unit 6 is dispersed by the filter 7 and the air purified through the filter 7 is gently exhausted so as not to be worried by visitors or the like. It becomes.

An example of the operation of the stove 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
When the blower unit 6 is activated, negative pressure is drawn to the smoke collection port 411 and the smoke collection unit 410, and air around the stove body 4 passes through the iron plate of the stove body 4 to the smoke collection unit 410. Flowing always creates a fresh air flow path.
Therefore, the temperature of the air on the iron plate can be lowered, thereby suppressing an increase in heat generation of the iron plate, and the generation of smoke such as oily smoke can be suppressed at each stage of cooking.

When cooking is started in this state, smoke generated by cooking enters the housing 2 from the smoke collection port 411 of the smoke collection unit 410 via the hose 5 and the connection port 20, and each surface of the housing 2. It is decelerated and diffused by hitting 22 to 27, etc., and sequentially pushed out to the frame body 70 side.
Then, the smoke spreads from the back side opening 250 (see FIG. 1) into the frame of the indoor side frame 71 and further passes through the filter 7 of the outdoor side frame 72 and is exhausted.
Therefore, oily smoke generated during cooking is guided into the housing 2 by the blower unit 6 and is efficiently collected and deodorized at the same time by the adsorbent uniformly attached to the surface of the filter 7. It will be.

The outdoor side frame body 72 and the indoor side frame body 71 of the frame body 70 are, for example, hinge-coupled, and the indoor side frame body 71 is usually pressure-bonded to the outdoor side frame body 72 using a hook or the like during maintenance. The outdoor frame 72 may be opened.
The soot collected in the housing 2 can be sucked by a vacuum cleaner or the like by opening the outdoor frame 72.
Specifically, the maintenance of the filter 7 is performed by spraying compressed air with an air gun or the like from the outdoor frame body 72 side to the indoor frame body 71 side, giving vibration to the filter 7 and adhering particles, etc. Is blown into the enclosure and recovered.
Further, the filter 7 can be removed from the outdoor frame 72 and washed with a detergent.
Thereafter, as described above, a new adsorbent is adsorbed on the filter 7 to return to the initial state.
Therefore, the maintenance on the stove can be easily performed without requiring a special technique or the like.

In this embodiment, the hinge coupling portion between the indoor side frame body 71 and the outdoor side frame body 72 of the frame body 7 is the lower end of the housing, but it may be the left and right ends or the upper end.
Further, as in this embodiment, the arrangement position of the filter 7 is not limited to the back surface 25 of the housing 2, but may be the right side surface 24, the front surface 22, and the bottom surface 27. Moreover, it is not limited to only one surface, and may be provided on a plurality of surfaces.

It is as follows when the effect of the stove 1 is summarized.
(1) The screens 3 and 3 and the hood 40 can suppress the influence of wind, rain, and the like during cooking, and can enjoy not only baking ingredients but also other cooking methods such as steaming ingredients. .
When the blower unit 6 is operated, smoke is collected in the housing 2 through the hood 40, and clean air is generated by the filter 7. Therefore, the atmosphere and entertainment that can only be enjoyed at a barbecue are provided in the place. You can enjoy without limitation.
(2) When the blower unit 6 is operated, a fresh air flow is always formed on the iron plate of the stove body 4 toward the smoke collection port of the hood 40, and the temperature of the air above the iron plate , And the heat generation of the iron plate can be suppressed, and the generation of smoke such as oily smoke can be suppressed.
Further, even when oily smoke or the like is generated during cooking, smoke can be collected without diffusing them.
Furthermore, the air flow generated by the blower unit 6 takes away the amount of heat required when oil slag or the like around the iron plate ignites, thereby reducing the occurrence of fire sparks.
(3) Smoke generated during cooking is collected in the housing 2 by the blower unit 6 and deodorized by the filter 7 at the same time.
That is, the filter 7 blocks smoke and other odorous components present as fine particles, which are blocked by the filter (attached to the filter). Gas (gas) -like odor components (molecules) that are finer than the particles can be adsorbed by van der Waals forces that interact with each other.
When the air volume generated by the blower unit 6 is diffused in the housing 2, the wind speed is decelerated and exhausted from the filter 7, so that the filtration accuracy can be further increased.
(4) The smoke collecting and deodorizing device is mounted on the carrier C, and is compact and easy to move.
(5) The clean air generated through the smoke collecting and deodorizing device is gently exhausted from the filter 7 so as not to be a concern for visitors.
(6) The maintenance of the stove 1 is cleaning of the soot stored in the housing 2 and cleaning of the filter 7, and does not require any special technique and is simple.
In particular, the adsorbent is attached to the filter 7 by blowing the adsorbent from the connection port 20 using the blower unit 6, so that the intake air and the adsorbent are mixed and diffused in the housing 2. It can be uniformly attached to the surface of the filter 7, it is easy to maintain the performance of the filter 7, and the replacement of the filter 7 is unnecessary.

Next, based on FIG.5 and FIG.6, the structural example of the stove 1A which concerns on Example 2 is demonstrated.
The stove 1A according to the second embodiment is different from the stove 1 in that a cover 9 for the filter 7 is provided on the outdoor frame 72, a glass cloth (not shown) as a heat-resistant cloth on the hose 5. ), A silencer (not shown) is provided on the housing 2, and a gas cylinder G is not placed on the carrier C.

The cover 9 protects the filter 7 facing the outdoor side from the outdoor side frame body 72 from rain and the like, and is substantially the same size as the outdoor surface of the outdoor side frame body 72, and is made of, for example, a synthetic resin. ing.
In the cover 9, for example, the upper end of the cover 9 is attached to the upper end on the outdoor side of the outdoor frame 72 so as not to hinder the exhaust from the outdoor frame 72. A gap is formed in the left and right ends and the lower end of the cover 9 by the exhaust from the outdoor frame 72 to the outside, and the exhaust is exhausted from the gap.

  The glass cloth is for preventing burns, and is wound from one end 50 to the other end 51 of the hose 5.

  The sound deadening material (sound absorbing material) is affixed in the chamber 21 of the housing 2 and absorbs the motor sound of the blower unit 6.

  The other structure of the stove 1A according to the second embodiment is substantially the same as the stove 1 according to the first embodiment, and provides the same operational effects.

Next, based on FIG. 7, the structural example of the stove 1B which concerns on Example 3 is demonstrated.
A gap (shown as “g” in FIG. 7) is provided between the screens 3 and 3 of the stove 1 and 1A and the stove body 4 for convenience of maintenance. When cooking with 40 open, oil smoke or the like may leak from the gap g.
Therefore, in the stove 1B according to the third embodiment, a configuration for filling the gap g is added.

As an example of the configuration, for example, as shown in the perspective view of the main part indicated by the left arrow in FIG. 7, when the hood 40 is opened at a predetermined angle (for example, 45 degrees), the left and right ends 40 b and 40 b of the hood 40 are arranged. The gap wedges 30 and 30 that are approaching or abutting are fixed to the screens 3 and 3 side.
The gap wedge 30 is formed substantially equal to the length of the left and right end portions 40b, 40b of the hood 40, and one side of the long material having an L-shaped cross section is formed on the screens 3, 3 according to the predetermined angle. It is fixed.

  As another configuration example, for example, as shown in a perspective view of a main part indicated by a right arrow in FIG. 7, it protrudes along the left and right ends 40 b and 40 b of the hood 40 and in contact with the screens 3 and 3. Rectangular gap wings 40c, 40c are fixed to the left and right ends 40b, 40b.

With the above configuration, the oil smoke or the like that leaks outward from the both end portions 40b and 40b of the hood 40 is prevented from leaking by the gap wings 30 and 30 or the gap wings 40c and 40c, and is collected in the hood 40. Is expected to be.
In addition, rain, wind, etc. may enter the hood 40 from the gap g, and cooking of the stove body 4 may be affected. However, the provision of the gap flanges 30, 40 c prevents the influence of rain, wind, etc. It is difficult to receive.
In addition, as a structure which fills the said clearance gap g, the structure of sticking the stove main body 4 and the hood 40, and the screens 3 and 3 may be sufficient.

In each of the stoves 1 and 1A, a mixture of charcoal powder and zeolite powder is used as the adsorbent. The adsorbent is not limited to a mixture of charcoal powder and zeolite powder, but one type of powder, a mixture of a plurality of types, etc., selection of powder, mixing ratio, type of powder, etc. The exchange can be performed arbitrarily.
In the stove 1B, a mixture of charcoal powder and radiolite powder is used as the adsorbent.
This radio light exhibits an effect such as deodorization without generating odor due to heat of oily smoke or the like.

  The material of the hose 5 of each of the stoves 1 and 1A is preferably selected from the viewpoint of satisfying maintainability, weather resistance, safety, etc. In the stove 1B, steel having strength against external force is used as the material. You are going to choose.

  In each of the stoves 1 and 1A, the filter 7 is a flat filter formed by folding a hard filter cloth into a pleat shape and attached to the frame body 70. The mounting configuration is not limited to the configuration of the stoves 1 and 1A.

  The other configuration of the stove 1B according to the third embodiment is substantially the same as the stove 1 and 1A according to the first and second embodiments, and provides the same operational effects.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and many variations can be made by those having ordinary knowledge in the art within the technical idea of the present invention.

1 1A Stove

2 Housing 20 Connection Port 21 Chamber 22 Front 23.24 Left and Right Sides 25 Back Side 26 Plane 27 Bottom Side 250 Back Side Opening

3, 3 Left and right screens 30, 30

4 Stove body 40 Hood 40a Open ends 40b, 40b of the hood Left and right ends 40c, 40c Clearance fuzzy 41 Smoke collecting part 42 Operation panel 410 Convex part 411 Smoke collecting port

5 Hose 50 One end 51 Other end

6 Blower unit

7 Filter 70 Frame 71 Indoor side frame 72 Outdoor frame

8 Power supply

9 Cover

C Carrier G Gas cylinder g Clearance

Claims (7)

  The left and right screens of the stove body, a hood that surrounds the stove body together with these screens, and the smoke collecting and deodorizing device that collects smoke from the stove body through the hood and deodorizes and exhausts the smoke. Barbecue stove characterized by being attached to the body.   A housing, left and right screens disposed on the housing, a stove body disposed between the screens and provided with a hood, one end connected to the hood of the stove body, and the other end A barbecue stove comprising a hose connected to a connection port provided in a housing, a fan attached to the inside of the housing of the connection port, and a filter attached to one surface of the housing.   The said food | hood is provided with the smoke collection part, The end of the said hose is connected to the smoke collection part, The barbecue stove of Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The barbecue stove according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the hood opens and closes at an arbitrary angle with respect to the stove body, and the air volume of the fan is adjusted according to the opening and closing angle.   The barbecue stove according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the air volume of the fan passes through the filter in a state where an air speed corresponding to the air volume is decelerated in the housing.   The barbecue stove according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the filter includes an adsorbent admixed and diffused with the intake air by the fan.   The barbecue stove according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the casing is provided on a carrier.

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