JP2013209795A - Marker light and marker light system - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To reduce the size and power loss, and to efficiently operate a heater for preventing condensation and melting snow.
A shunting device provided on the input side of a rectifying device and flowing into a shunting device that shunts an excess current for lighting a solid state light emitting element out of an output current from an AC constant current power supply device. The heater driving device 102 that operates when the current exceeds a predetermined value and diverts a part of the output from the AC constant current power supply device 1 to supply power to the heater 107 is provided.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a marker lamp and a marker lamp system that are connected to an AC constant current power supply device and are lit.

  For example, in an airport marker lamp system, power is supplied to a plurality of marker lamps from an AC constant current power supply device via a saturable insulation transformer. The constant current power supply device is configured to be able to change the output current value so that the marker lamp can be labeled with a desired brightness even at night or in the surrounding illuminance environment.

  Conventionally, a light bulb such as a halogen bulb has been mainly used as a light source for the marker lamp, but in recent years, a solid light emitting element such as a light emitting diode (hereinafter referred to as LED) is used from the viewpoint of power saving, long life and the like. Things have been proposed. A solid-state light-emitting element such as an LED is lit with a direct current, and a required light output can be obtained with a smaller current than a light bulb. For this reason, when trying to connect a marker lamp using a solid light emitting element to a conventional AC constant current power supply device for a light bulb, or when trying to connect a marker lamp using a solid light emitting element together with a marker lamp using a light bulb Therefore, it was necessary to rectify the output of the AC constant current power supply device and reduce the current value for the solid state light emitting device.

  For example, the one described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a tap switching circuit for switching the output of the insulation transformer, and the power supplied to the solid state light emitting device (LED) is switched according to the output current value of the AC constant current power supply device. ing.

  Moreover, in the thing of patent document 2, while providing a constant voltage circuit and providing a bypass circuit in the output side of a rectifier, a surplus electric current for lighting of a solid light emitting element is bypassed to a bypass circuit, A solid light emitting element The power supplied to (LED) is set to a predetermined value.

Japanese Patent No. 4207759 gazette FIG. 3, [0049], [0050] JP, 2006-139775, A FIG. 1, [0046], [0057]

  However, since the thing of patent document 1 requires the insulation transformer which has several taps, and this tap switching circuit, the whole apparatus becomes large and it is difficult to accommodate in a marker lamp main body (housing | casing), or a marker lamp main body is large. There is a risk of shape.

  Moreover, since the thing of patent document 2 bypasses an excess electric current in the output side of a rectifier, the power loss in the rectifier which comprises a rectifier, for example, a diode cannot be disregarded. That is, when the rectifier is formed by bridge-connecting four diodes, there is always a power loss of 2 × input current × diode forward voltage. For example, a marker lamp using a solid state light emitting device requires a current of about 100 mA, but it is obvious that a current of about several A is always passed through the rectifier, resulting in excessive power loss. In addition to the power loss, a large-capacity rectifier is required and improvement is required.

  In addition, since the indicator light using a solid light emitting element has a smaller calorific value than that using a light bulb, it is difficult to evaporate the condensation that adheres to the inside of the irradiation window or to melt the snow that accumulates on the outside of the irradiation window. There was a case.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and can reduce the size, reduce the power loss, and prevent the condensation, and can efficiently operate the heater for melting snow. It is another object of the present invention to provide a marker lamp system using the marker lamp.

  A marker lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rectifier that rectifies the output of an AC constant current power supply device having a variable output current value, a power converter that inputs the output of the rectifier and outputs DC power in a variable manner, power It has a solid state light emitting element which is supplied with the output of the conversion means and lights up. Further, a shunt device provided on the input side of the rectifier device for shunting a part of the output current from the AC constant current power supply device, and activated when the current flowing through the shunt device exceeds a predetermined value, A heater driving device for diverting a part of the output of the power and supplying power to the heater. Further, the output current of the solid state light emitting device is controlled according to the output current value by detecting the output current of the AC constant current power supply device and controlling the output of the power conversion means according to the detected output current value. A control device.

  Although it is not excluded that the shunt device partially includes a resistor, it is preferable that the shunt device is composed of a capacitive component and / or an inductive component with little power loss, or includes a capacitive component and / or an inductive component. Further, it is preferable that the volume component is mainly configured from the viewpoint of reducing the shape and weight. As the capacitance component, an electrolytic capacitor, particularly a nonpolar (bipolar) electrolytic capacitor can be used.

  As the heater driving device, a part of the output current from the AC constant current power supply device may be directly shunted, or a part of the current flowing through the shunt device may be further shunted. The heater is preferably provided at a position suitable for preventing condensation and snow accumulation that may hinder the effective irradiation of light from the solid state light emitting device, for example, inside and / or outside of the irradiation window of the marker lamp. . Further, the heater may function as an auxiliary heater of a main heater provided separately.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, since a transformer with a tap and a tap switching circuit for reducing (adjusting) a supply current to a solid-state light emitting device are not essential, the entire apparatus is reduced in size and weight. Is possible. In addition, since a part of the output current of the AC constant current power supply device is shunted on the input side of the rectifier, the current value flowing into the rectifier can be reduced, so that power loss in this rectifier can be reduced compared to the conventional case. it can. As described above, the power loss in the shunt device can be reduced by selecting the components. Furthermore, when the current flowing through the shunt device exceeds a predetermined value, the heater driving device operates to supply power to the heater, so that the heater can be operated efficiently.

1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a marker lamp and a marker lamp system according to the present invention. The schematic waveform diagram which shows the effect | action of one Embodiment same as the above.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the marker lamp and marker lamp system of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic waveform diagram showing the operation. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an AC constant current power supply device, and a marker lamp 100 is connected to the constant current power supply device 1 via, for example, a saturable insulation transformer 10. A plurality of these insulating transformers 10 and marker lamps 100 are connected in series with each other (only one is shown in detail in FIG. 1). The insulation transformer 10 is saturated at the time of an open circuit failure on the secondary side, and power can be supplied to the other insulation transformer 10 and thus the marker lamp 100.

  In the case of an airfield marker lamp power supply device, the AC constant current power supply device 1 changes the output current value in five stages, for example, 6.6A, 5.2A, 4.1A, 3.4A, and 2.8A. It is configured to be possible. Examples of such an AC constant current power supply device 1 include a phase control type that outputs a phase control waveform using an SCR, a resonance type that outputs a sine wave, and an inverter that also outputs a sine wave. The control type can be used, but of course, other types of AC constant current power supply devices may be used.

  The isolation transformer 10 only needs to be saturated or conductive in the event of an open failure on the secondary side or the load side so as to be able to supply power to another marker lamp 100. Therefore, instead of the isolation transformer 10, another saturable element or voltage may be used. It is also possible to use a responsive conductive element or the like.

  The marker lamp 100 inputs the output of the constant current power supply device 1 to the rectifying device 110 via the shunt device 101 and the heater driving device 102.

  The shunt device 101 is composed of a nonpolar electrolytic capacitor. A non-polar electrolytic capacitor is equivalent to a type in which polar electrolytic capacitor elements having the same polarity (for example, negative electrodes) are connected to face each other. In this embodiment, each is formed from two electrolytic capacitor elements of 470 micro F.

  However, the same polarity of polar capacitors may be connected to face each other, may be configured using an inductor as described above, or may be configured in combination with an inductor.

  Selection of the shunt ratio and impedance value will be described later.

  The heater driving device 102 includes a resistor 103 connected in series to the shunt device 101, a constant voltage element 104 connected in parallel to the resistor 103, a series circuit of the resistor 105, a transistor 106 whose conduction is controlled by the constant voltage element 104, A heater 107 whose power supply is controlled by the transistor 106 is provided.

  In the heater driving device 102, when the value of the current flowing through the resistor 103 is greater than a predetermined value and the voltage across the resistor is greater than a predetermined value (when the voltage exceeds the conduction voltage of the constant voltage element 104), the transistor 106 is turned on, A current flows through the heater 107.

  Such a current-responsive heater driving device is not limited to that of the present embodiment, and can be appropriately designed by those skilled in the art.

  The rectifier 110 is configured by, for example, a diode bridge, but may be a half-wave rectifier circuit depending on the case, or a combination of a switching element with a control electrode such as an SCR or a transistor and a diode. Also good.

  On the output side of the rectifier 110, power conversion means 120 is provided, and on the output side of the power conversion means 120, a solid state light emitting device 140 is provided.

  The power conversion means 120 is configured to be able to change the output power. In this embodiment, a smoothing capacitor is provided as the smoothing means 121 for smoothing the output of the rectifier 110. A switching element 122 such as a field effect transistor is connected between the output terminals of the smoothing means 121 and the solid state light emitting element 140 in series. Such power conversion means 120 is capable of changing the output power by turning on and off the switching element 122 at a high frequency and performing pulse width control (PWM) as described later in the on / off operation period.

  Further, in the present embodiment, there is a constant voltage converting means 123 for making the output of the smoothing means 121 constant. This constant voltage means 123 includes a switching device 125 that is electrically separated from the smoothing means 121 by a backflow prevention diode 124 and provided on the output side of the rectifier 110, and a voltage that detects a voltage across the smoothing means 121. The detection device 126 is mainly configured.

  Then, according to the detection result of the voltage detection device 126, the control device 150 described later controls the conduction of the switching device 125 so that the output voltage of the smoothing means 121 is made constant.

  Here, the input current of the rectifier 110 has already been shunted and becomes relatively small. Therefore, in this respect, the purpose and degree of bypassing are different from those of Patent Document 2.

  In addition, when using a constant voltage means, it is not restricted to the thing of this embodiment, It can select from various things suitably.

  The solid-state light emitting device 140 is, for example, an LED, and two, four, or other required numbers are connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel. The solid state light emitting device 140 may be an organic EL or other light emitting device.

  Reference numeral 150 denotes control means for detecting the output current of the AC constant current power supply device 1 and controlling the output power of the power conversion means 120 in accordance with the detection signal. In the present embodiment, the switching element 122 is turned on / off at a high frequency, and this high frequency on / off operation period is subjected to pulse width control (PWM).

  The current signal for detecting the output current of the AC constant current power supply device 1 may be an execution value, an average value, a conduction phase, or the like depending on the type, output waveform, etc. of the AC constant current power supply device 1. In short, the output level indicated by the output current of the AC constant current power supply device 1 is detected. Such a current detection means 151 is a current detection transformer in FIG. 1, and a detection signal from the current detection means 151 is converted into an appropriate DC signal by the waveform shaping circuit 152.

  Reference numeral 153 denotes control means for controlling the high frequency on / off operation period ratio (operation period in one PWM period / one PWM period) of the switching element 122 of the power conversion means 120 according to the output of the waveform shaping circuit 152. . For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the switching element 122 is turned on and off at a high frequency (eg, several hundred Hz to several tens of MHz) (period t in FIG. 2), and a PWM signal (eg, several hundred Hz) is output. The time ratio of the period (t) in one cycle (T in FIG. 2) is controlled. Thereby, the amount of power supplied to the solid state light emitting device 140 is changed to change the light output.

  Such a control means 153 is preferably composed mainly of a microcomputer or IC in terms of small size and light weight. When the microcomputer is mainly configured, conversion data can be stored or calculated so that the supply current amount-light output characteristic of the solid state light emitting device matches the supply current amount-light output characteristic of the bulb. Easy. However, of course, it is not limited to these.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, feedback control means may be added. For example, the current flowing through the solid-state light emitting element 140 is detected, and the high frequency on / off operation period (t) of the switching element 122 or the frequency of the high frequency on / off is set so as to be a predetermined current compared with a reference value corresponding to the dimming degree. The on-duty may be changed. As a result, the current actually flowing through the solid state light emitting device 140 can be controlled according to the degree of dimming, and the light output can be made constant with high accuracy.

  The power supply of the control device 150 may be obtained from the output of the rectifier 110 or from the output of the current detection means 151, or may be obtained by providing a step-down transformer separately.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. Now, if the AC constant current power supply 1 is set to output an output for obtaining 100% light output, that is, a current of 6.6 A in the present embodiment, this constant current of 6.6 A is used as a sign. Supplied to the lamp 100.

  In each marker lamp 100, first, some of the current of 6.6 A is shunted (bypassed) by the shunting device 101.

  Here, the vector of the impedance of the shunt device 101 and the impedance of the load side after the rectifier 110 are often different, and therefore the phase of the current flowing through each of them is often different. For this reason, the calculation of the impedance value of the shunting device for an appropriate shunting ratio is complicated, but it can also be calculated. It is also possible to obtain an appropriate impedance value through experiments or the like based on the approximate calculated value.

  In the present embodiment, the appropriate shunt ratio means that the solid-state light emitting device 140 can be lighted in a desired manner at the time of 100% light output and in the required dimming lighting range, and power loss in the rectifier 110 can be reduced. This is the range of the shunt ratio where current can flow into the rectifier 110. However, it is necessary to design the impedance of the shunt device 101 so that a current that can properly turn on the solid state light emitting device 140 is input to the rectifier 110 at the minimum when the dimming lighting is the lowest (lightest lighting). Therefore, more than necessary current flows into the shunt device 101 and the rectifier 110 when 100% is lit.

  However, the current flowing into the rectifier 110 can be reduced much more than that of the known document 2 due to the presence of the shunt device 101, and accordingly, the power loss in the rectifier 110 can be reduced. In this embodiment, when the AC constant current power supply device 1 outputs a current of 6.6 A in order to obtain a light output of 100%, a setting is made such that a current of 1.3 A is input to the rectifier 110. did.

  As described above, when the AC constant current power supply device 1 outputs a current of 6.6 A, the AC constant current power supply device 1 is 2 in the present embodiment at the time of the minimum dimming lighting (at the time of the darkest lighting). The value of the current flowing through the shunt device 101 is larger than when a current of .8 A is output.

  Therefore, in the heater driving device 102, the transistor 106 is turned on, and the heater 107 is supplied with power and generates heat.

  Of the output current from the AC constant current power supply device 1, the remaining current that is shunted to the shunt device 101 and the heater driving device 102 is input to the rectifier device 110. The DC voltage output from the rectifier 110 is smoothed by the smoothing means 121, converted into a predetermined DC voltage, and made constant by the constant voltage means 123.

  This DC voltage is supplied to the solid state light emitting device 140 via the power conversion means 120.

  On the other hand, the control device 150 detects the output current of the AC constant current power supply device 1 by the current detection means 151. Since the current of 6.6 A, which is 100%, is output now, the control means 153 performs PWM control on the on / off operation period of the switching element 122 of the power conversion means 120 to effectively provide the solid-state light emitting element 140 with, for example, 350 mA. Supply current. As a result, the solid state light emitting device 140 is turned on with 100% brightness.

  Next, when the output current of the AC constant current power supply device 1 is 5.2 A at the time of 25% output, a current smaller than 1.3 A is input to the rectifying device 110.

  Also in this case, since the output current from the AC constant current power supply device 1 is larger than the minimum value of 2.8 A, the heater driving device 102 operates to cause the heater 107 to generate heat.

  In the control device 150, the current detection means 151 detects the current of 5.2 A and gives a detection signal to the control means 153.

  The control means 153 performs PWM control on the high frequency on / off operation period of the switching element 122 of the power conversion means 120 according to this detection signal (the period t is shorter than when 100% is lit). As a result, a current of, for example, 88 mA is supplied to the solid state light emitting device 140 in an effective value, and the solid state light emitting device 140 is lit at a brightness of 25%.

  Although it is possible to arbitrarily set how to adjust the dimming range, in this embodiment, the AC constant current power supply device 1 is configured to be capable of changing the output current value in five stages. Dimming of any number of floors is possible. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, so-called continuous light control in which the light output is continuously changed may be used.

  In any case, even if the impedance value of the shunt device 101 and the predetermined value of the heater driving device 102 are the output current value from the AC constant current power supply device 1 corresponding to the darkest dimming lower limit, the solid-state emitting element 140 is turned on. It is designed to have any value within a range in which a possible current can be input to the rectifier 110.

  As mentioned above, although demonstrated centering on preferable embodiment of this invention, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the main point of this invention, a various deformation | transformation is accept | permitted.

  For example, the power conversion means uses a DC-DC converter having a switching device such as a step-down chopper in addition to the one that turns on and off the current flowing to the solid state light emitting element, and the controller controls the on-duty and switching of the switching device. The power supplied to the solid state light emitting device may be controlled by controlling the frequency.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... AC constant current power supply device, 10 ... Insulation transformer, 100 ... Indicator lamp, 101 ... Shunt device, 102 ... Heater drive device, 107 ... Heater, 110 ... Rectifier, 120 ... Power conversion means, 140 ... Solid light emitting element, 150: control device, 151: current detection means, 153: control means.

Claims (3)

An indicator lamp that is fed from a variable AC constant current power supply device with an output current value and changes the light output of the solid state light emitting element according to the fed current value,
A rectifier that rectifies the output of the AC constant current power supply;
Power conversion means for inputting the output of the rectifier and outputting DC power in a variable manner;
A solid state light emitting device that is lit by being supplied with the output of the power conversion means;
A shunt device that is provided on the input side of the rectifier and shunts a part of the output from the AC constant current power supply device;
A heater driving device that operates when the current flowing through the shunt device exceeds a predetermined value and shunts a part of the output from the AC constant current power supply device to supply power to the heater;
A control device that detects the output current of the AC constant current power supply device and controls the output of the power conversion means according to the detected output current value, thereby causing the light output of the solid state light emitting device to correspond to the output current value;
A sign lamp characterized by comprising:   The marker lamp according to claim 1, wherein the shunt device is constituted by a nonpolar electrolytic capacitor. AC constant current power supply device with variable output current value;
A plurality of indicator lamps according to claim 1 or 2 connected in series with each other;
A sign lamp system characterized by comprising:

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