JP2013125607A - Nonaqueous secondary battery controlling device and controlling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress deterioration due to charging of a non-aqueous secondary battery.
A control device that controls charging of a non-aqueous secondary battery so that charging power of the non-aqueous secondary battery does not exceed an upper limit value, and includes a current sensor and a controller. The current sensor detects a current value during charging / discharging of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The controller calculates an evaluation value for evaluating the first deterioration component from the charge / discharge state detected using the current sensor. A 1st degradation component is a component which reduces the input-output performance of a non-aqueous secondary battery with the bias | inclination of the ion concentration in the electrolyte by charge of a non-aqueous secondary battery. The controller decreases the upper limit value when the value obtained by integrating the evaluation values exceeding the target value exceeds the threshold value. By reducing the upper limit value, charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery can be limited.
[Selection] FIG.

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device and a control method for evaluating a deterioration state of a non-aqueous secondary battery and controlling charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1, an evaluation value for evaluating deterioration due to high-rate discharge is calculated based on a history of current values when a battery is charged and discharged. When the evaluation value does not exceed the target value, the upper limit value that allows the battery to discharge is set to the maximum value. On the other hand, when the evaluation value exceeds the target value, the upper limit value is set to a value smaller than the maximum value.

  According to Patent Document 1, when the evaluation value does not exceed the target value, the upper limit value is set to the maximum value so that the power performance of the vehicle according to the driver's request is exhibited. In addition, when the evaluation value exceeds the target value, the upper limit value is set to a value smaller than the maximum value, thereby suppressing the occurrence of deterioration due to high rate discharge.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2009-123435 (FIGS. 4, 7, etc.) JP 2008-181866 A

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1, degradation due to high-rate discharge is suppressed, but degradation may occur even when the battery is charged at a high rate. In this case, high-rate charging is performed. It is impossible to suppress deterioration due to.

  1st invention of this application is a control apparatus which controls charge of a non-aqueous secondary battery so that the charging power of a non-aqueous secondary battery may not exceed an upper limit, and has a current sensor and a controller. The current sensor detects a current value during charging / discharging of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The controller calculates an evaluation value for evaluating the first deterioration component from the charge / discharge state detected using the current sensor. A 1st degradation component is a component which reduces the input-output performance of a non-aqueous secondary battery with the bias | inclination of the ion concentration in the electrolyte by charge of a non-aqueous secondary battery. The controller decreases the upper limit value when the value obtained by integrating the evaluation values exceeding the target value exceeds the threshold value. By reducing the upper limit value, charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery can be limited.

  According to the first invention of this application, by monitoring the first deterioration component, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the non-aqueous secondary battery due to the first deterioration component. Specifically, when the value obtained by integrating the evaluation values exceeding the target value exceeds the threshold value, the upper limit value that allows charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery is reduced, resulting in an ion concentration bias due to charging. It can suppress that the input-output performance of a non-aqueous secondary battery falls.

  The controller calculates a second integrated value by integrating the value obtained by integrating the first integrated value obtained by integrating past evaluation values exceeding the target value by the correction coefficient and the current evaluation value exceeding the target value. Then, the controller determines whether or not the second integrated value exceeds the threshold, and when the second integrated value exceeds the threshold, the upper limit value can be reduced.

  Since the first deterioration component is relieved by, for example, suspension of charge / discharge of the nonaqueous secondary battery, the first integrated value obtained from the past evaluation value can be reduced. For this reason, by reducing the first integrated value using the correction coefficient, the second integrated value can be calculated in consideration of the relaxation of the first deterioration component, and the second integrated value unnecessarily exceeds the threshold value. Can be suppressed. That is, it can suppress that charge of a non-aqueous secondary battery is restrict | limited too much.

  The correction coefficient can be a value greater than 0 and less than 1. Here, the second integrated value can be calculated by integrating the value obtained by multiplying the first integrated value by the correction coefficient and the current evaluation value exceeding the target value.

  The second integrated value can be calculated using only the evaluation value obtained within the most recent predetermined period. Since the first deterioration component is relieved by charging / discharging of the non-aqueous secondary battery or the like, the past evaluation value hardly affects the evaluation of the first deterioration component. Therefore, by using only the evaluation value obtained within the most recent predetermined period, the second integrated value can be calculated in consideration of the relaxation of the first deterioration component.

  On the other hand, the time average value can be calculated by dividing the second integrated value calculated within the most recent predetermined period by the predetermined period. Then, it is determined whether or not the time average value exceeds the threshold value, and when the time average value exceeds the threshold value, the upper limit value can be lowered. By calculating the time average value, the second integrated value can be prevented from temporarily exceeding the threshold value, and the charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery can be prevented from being excessively restricted. it can.

  The threshold value can be changed so that the amount of change in the second integrated value until the threshold value is reached decreases as the second deterioration component increases. A 2nd degradation component shows degradation of the constituent material which contributes to charging / discharging of a non-aqueous secondary battery. On the other hand, the threshold value can be changed so that the amount of change in the second integrated value until the threshold value is reached increases as the second deterioration component decreases.

  The larger the second deterioration component is, the smaller the ratio of allowing the first deterioration component is. For this reason, if the second deterioration component is estimated, it is possible to specify how much the deterioration of the first deterioration component corresponding to the second deterioration component is allowable. The change amount of the second integrated value until the threshold value is reached can be increased as the deterioration of the first deterioration component is allowed.

  When changing the threshold value, a map for specifying the threshold value can be prepared in accordance with the second deterioration component. Information indicating the correspondence between the map and the second deterioration component can be stored in a memory. The second deterioration component can be estimated using the temperature and the energization amount of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The threshold value can be specified using a map corresponding to the estimated second deterioration component among the plurality of maps.

  As a map for specifying the threshold value, a map showing the relationship among the threshold value, the temperature of the non-aqueous secondary battery during charging / discharging, and the usage state of the non-aqueous secondary battery can be used. When the vehicle is driven using the output of the non-aqueous secondary battery, the charge / discharge amount (Ah / km) of the non-aqueous secondary battery with respect to the travel distance of the vehicle can be used as the usage state of the non-aqueous secondary battery. .

  The temperature at which the second deterioration component is estimated includes the temperature of the non-aqueous secondary battery when charging / discharging is performed and the temperature of the non-aqueous secondary battery when charging / discharging is not performed. By using the temperature of the secondary battery when charging / discharging is not performed, a part of the second deterioration component can be estimated. Moreover, the remaining part in a 2nd degradation component can be estimated by using the temperature of a secondary battery at the time of charging / discharging, and the amount of electricity supply.

  The non-aqueous secondary battery can be mounted on a vehicle and can output energy used for traveling of the vehicle. Here, the non-aqueous secondary battery can be charged by supplying power from the external power source to the non-aqueous secondary battery. When charging the non-aqueous secondary battery, the controller can output information for lowering the upper limit value to a charger that supplies power from the external power source to the non-aqueous secondary battery. Thereby, in the charger, the charging power of the non-aqueous secondary battery can be changed within a range lower than the upper limit value (charging power).

  The second invention of the present application is a control method for controlling the charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery so that the charging power of the non-aqueous secondary battery does not exceed the upper limit value, and using the current sensor, the non-aqueous secondary battery The current value at the time of charging / discharging is detected, and the evaluation value for evaluating the first deterioration component is calculated from the charging / discharging state detected using the current sensor. It is determined whether or not a value obtained by integrating evaluation values exceeding the target value exceeds a threshold value, and when the integrated value exceeds the threshold value, an upper limit value that permits charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery is reduced. Also in the second invention of the present application, the same effect as that of the first invention of the present application can be obtained.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the battery system which is Example 1. FIG. In Example 1, it is a flowchart which shows the process which controls charge of an assembled battery. In Example 1, it is a flowchart which shows the process which controls charge of an assembled battery. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the temperature of an assembled battery, and a forgetting factor. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the resistance increase rate of an assembled battery, and a charge rate. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the temperature and limit value of an assembled battery. It is a figure which shows the change of an evaluation value. It is a flowchart which shows the process which determines a threshold value. It is a figure which shows the map which specifies a threshold value. It is a figure which shows the map which specifies a threshold value. In Example 1, it is a figure which shows the change of an evaluation value, an integrated value, and an input limiting value. In Example 2, it is a figure explaining the calculation method of an integrated value. In Example 2, it is a figure which shows the relationship between a time average value and a threshold value.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below.

  The battery system which is Example 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a battery system.

  The battery system shown in FIG. 1 is mounted on a vehicle. Vehicles include hybrid cars and electric cars. A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle provided with a fuel cell, an internal combustion engine, etc. in addition to the assembled battery as a power source for running the vehicle. An electric vehicle is a vehicle that includes only an assembled battery as a power source for the vehicle.

  The assembled battery 10 includes a plurality of single cells 11 that are electrically connected in series. The number of unit cells 11 constituting the assembled battery 10 can be appropriately set based on the required output of the assembled battery 10 and the like. The assembled battery 10 may include a plurality of unit cells 11 electrically connected in parallel. As the cell 11, a non-aqueous secondary battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery can be used.

  The positive electrode of the unit cell 11 is formed of a material that can occlude and release ions (for example, lithium ions). As a positive electrode material, for example, lithium cobaltate or lithium manganate can be used. The negative electrode of the unit cell 11 is formed of a material that can occlude and release ions (for example, lithium ions). As the negative electrode material, for example, carbon can be used. When charging the unit cell 11, the positive electrode releases ions into the electrolytic solution, and the negative electrode occludes ions in the electrolytic solution. Further, when discharging the unit cell 11, the positive electrode occludes ions in the electrolytic solution, and the negative electrode releases ions into the electrolytic solution.

  The assembled battery 10 is connected to the booster circuit 22 via the system main relays 21a and 21b, and the booster circuit 22 boosts the output voltage of the assembled battery 10. The booster circuit 22 is connected to an inverter 23, and the inverter 23 converts DC power from the booster circuit 22 into AC power. The motor / generator 24 receives AC power from the inverter 23 to generate kinetic energy for running the vehicle. The kinetic energy generated by the motor generator 24 is transmitted to the wheels. A three-phase AC motor can be used as the motor / generator 24.

  The booster circuit 22 can be omitted. When a DC motor is used as the motor / generator 24, the inverter 23 can be omitted.

  When the vehicle is decelerated or stopped, the motor / generator 24 converts kinetic energy generated during braking of the vehicle into electrical energy. The AC power generated by the motor / generator 24 is converted into DC power by the inverter 23. The booster circuit 22 steps down the output voltage of the inverter 23 and then supplies it to the assembled battery 10. Thereby, regenerative electric power can be stored in the assembled battery 10.

  The current sensor 25 detects the current flowing through the assembled battery 10 and outputs the detection result to the controller 30. With respect to the current value detected by the current sensor 25, the discharge current can be a positive value and the charging current can be a negative value. The temperature sensor 26 detects the temperature of the assembled battery 10 and outputs the detection result to the controller 30. The number of temperature sensors 26 can be set as appropriate. When using the plurality of temperature sensors 26, the average value of the temperatures detected by the plurality of temperature sensors 26 is used as the temperature of the assembled battery 10, or the temperature detected by the specific temperature sensor 26 is used as the temperature of the assembled battery 10. Can be.

  The voltage sensor 27 detects the voltage of the assembled battery 10 and outputs the detection result to the controller 30. In the present embodiment, the voltage of the assembled battery 10 is detected, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it is possible to detect the voltage of the unit cells 11 constituting the assembled battery 10. Further, the plurality of single cells 11 constituting the assembled battery 10 can be divided into a plurality of blocks, and the voltage of each block can be detected. Each block includes at least two unit cells 11.

  The controller 30 controls the operations of the system main relays 21a and 21b, the booster circuit 22 and the inverter 23. The controller 30 includes a memory 31 that stores various types of information. The memory 31 also stores a program for operating the controller 30. In this embodiment, the controller 30 includes the memory 31, but the memory 31 may be provided outside the controller 30.

  When the ignition switch of the vehicle is switched from OFF to ON, the controller 30 switches the system main relays 21a and 21b from OFF to ON, or operates the booster circuit 22 and the inverter 23. Further, when the ignition switch is switched from on to off, the controller 30 switches the system main relays 21a and 21b from on to off, or stops the operation of the booster circuit 22 and the inverter 23.

  The charger 28 supplies power from the external power source to the assembled battery 10. Thereby, the assembled battery 10 can be charged. In the present embodiment, the charger 28 is mounted on the vehicle, but a charger (referred to as an external charger) can be installed outside the vehicle without being mounted on the vehicle. The charger 28 is connected to the assembled battery 10 via charging relays 29a and 29b. When the charging relays 29a and 29b are on, power from the external power source can be supplied to the assembled battery 10.

  The external power source is a power source provided outside the vehicle, and an example of the external power source is a commercial power source. When the external power supply supplies AC power, the charger 28 converts AC power into DC power and supplies the DC power to the assembled battery 10. On the other hand, when the external power supply supplies DC power, it is only necessary to supply DC power from the external power supply to the assembled battery 10. In this case, the voltage of the external power supply can be converted into another voltage.

  As means for supplying power from the external power source to the assembled battery 10, wired or wireless can be used. For example, by connecting a connector (so-called plug) connected to an external power source to a connector (so-called inlet) provided in the vehicle, power from the external power source can be supplied to the assembled battery 10. On the other hand, by using electromagnetic induction or resonance phenomenon, power from an external power source can be supplied to the assembled battery 10 in a non-contact manner.

  Next, processing for controlling charging / discharging of the assembled battery 10 will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The processing shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is repeatedly performed at a preset time interval (cycle time). The processing shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is performed by the CPU included in the controller 30 executing a program stored in the memory 31.

  In step S <b> 101, the controller 30 acquires the discharge current value based on the output signal of the current sensor 25. When the battery pack 10 is being discharged, the discharge current value is a positive value, and when the battery pack 10 is being charged, the discharge current value is a negative value.

  In step S102, the controller 30 calculates (estimates) the SOC (State Of Charge) of the battery pack 10 based on the discharge current value obtained in step S101. The SOC is a ratio of the current charge capacity to the full charge capacity of the battery pack 10. The controller 30 can calculate the SOC of the assembled battery 10 by integrating the current values when the assembled battery 10 is charged and discharged. The current value when charging and discharging the assembled battery 10 can be obtained from the output of the current sensor 25.

  On the other hand, the SOC of the battery pack 10 can also be estimated from the detection voltage of the voltage sensor 27. Since the SOC of the assembled battery 10 has a corresponding relationship with the OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) of the assembled battery 10, if the corresponding relationship between the SOC and the OCV is obtained in advance, the SOC can be specified from the OCV. The OCV can be obtained from the detected voltage (CCV: Closed Circuit Voltage) of the voltage sensor 27 and the voltage drop amount due to the internal resistance of the assembled battery 10. The SOC calculation method is not limited to the method described in this embodiment, and a known method can be selected as appropriate.

  In step S <b> 103, the controller 30 acquires the temperature of the assembled battery 10 based on the output signal of the temperature sensor 26. In step S104, the controller 30 calculates a forgetting factor based on the SOC calculated in step S102 and the temperature of the assembled battery 10 acquired in step S103. The forgetting factor is a factor corresponding to the diffusion rate of ions in the electrolyte solution of the unit cell 11. The forgetting factor is set in a range that satisfies the condition of the following formula (1).

  0 <A × Δt <1 (1)

  In Expression (1), A represents a forgetting factor, and Δt represents a cycle time when the processes shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are repeated.

  For example, the controller 30 can specify the forgetting factor A using the map shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis represents the forgetting factor A, and the horizontal axis represents the temperature of the assembled battery 10. The map shown in FIG. 4 can be acquired in advance by experiments or the like, and can be stored in the memory 31.

  In the map shown in FIG. 4, the forgetting factor A can be specified by specifying the SOC acquired in step S102 and the temperature acquired in step S103. The forgetting factor A increases as the ion diffusion rate increases. In the map shown in FIG. 4, if the temperature of the assembled battery 10 is the same, the forgetting factor A increases as the SOC of the assembled battery 10 increases. Further, if the SOC of the assembled battery 10 is the same, the forgetting factor A increases as the temperature of the assembled battery 10 increases.

  In step S105, the controller 30 calculates an evaluation value decrease amount D (-). The evaluation value D (N) is a value for evaluating the deterioration state (high-rate deterioration described later) of the assembled battery 10 (unit cell 11).

  If the cell 11 is continuously charged or discharged at a high rate, the internal resistance of the cell 11 may increase, and a phenomenon may occur in which the input / output performance of the cell 11 begins to deteriorate sharply. If this phenomenon occurs continuously, the unit cell 11 may deteriorate. The deterioration due to charging or discharging at a high rate is called high rate deterioration. As one of the causes of high rate deterioration, it is conceivable that the ion concentration in the electrolytic solution of the unit cell 11 is biased by continuous charging or discharging at a high rate. In high-rate charging and high-rate discharging, the ion concentration bias states are in conflict. The first deterioration component in the present invention corresponds to high rate deterioration due to charging.

  FIG. 5 shows a change in the resistance increase rate when the rate [C] when charging the assembled battery 10 is changed. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the number of cycles, and the vertical axis represents the resistance increase rate. The resistance increase rate is a value indicating how much the resistance (Rr) of the battery pack 10 in the deteriorated state has increased with respect to the resistance (Rini) of the battery pack 10 in the initial state. The resistance increase rate can be expressed by, for example, a ratio of two resistances (Rr / Rini). As the high rate deterioration progresses, the resistance increase rate increases.

  In one cycle, after discharging at a predetermined rate, charging is performed at a predetermined rate. In the experimental results shown in FIG. 5, the discharge rate is kept constant and only the charge rate is varied. The charging rate A1 is the highest and the charging rate A3 is the lowest. The charge rate A2 is lower than the charge rate A1 and higher than the charge rate A3. As shown in FIG. 5, the resistance increase rate tends to increase as the charge rate increases. In other words, the higher the charging rate, the more likely the high rate deterioration due to charging occurs.

  Before high-rate deterioration occurs, it is necessary to suppress charging or discharging at a high rate. In this embodiment, an evaluation value D (N) is set as a value for evaluating high-rate deterioration. A method for calculating the evaluation value D (N) will be described later.

  The amount of decrease D (−) in the evaluation value is the number of ions accompanying ion diffusion from the time when the previous (immediately) evaluation value D (N−1) is calculated until one cycle time Δt elapses. It is calculated according to the decrease in density deviation. For example, the controller 30 can calculate the decrease amount D (−) of the evaluation value based on the following formula (2).

  D (−) = A × Δt × D (N−1) (2)

  In Formula (2), A and Δt are the same as in Formula (1). D (N-1) represents the evaluation value calculated last time (immediately before). D (0) as an initial value can be set to 0, for example.

  As shown in Expression (1), the value of “A × Δt” is a value from 0 to 1. Therefore, as the value of “A × Δt” approaches 1, the amount of decrease D (−) in the evaluation value increases. In other words, the greater the forgetting factor A or the longer the cycle time Δt, the greater the evaluation value reduction amount D (−). Note that the method of calculating the decrease amount D (−) is not limited to the method described in the present embodiment, and any method can be used as long as it can identify the decrease in the ion concentration bias.

  In step S <b> 106, the controller 30 reads a current coefficient stored in advance in the memory 31. In step S107, the controller 30 calculates a limit value based on the SOC of the assembled battery 10 calculated in step S102 and the temperature of the assembled battery 10 acquired in step S103.

  For example, the controller 30 can calculate the limit value using the map shown in FIG. The map shown in FIG. 6 can be acquired in advance by experiments or the like, and can be stored in the memory 31. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis represents the limit value, and the horizontal axis represents the temperature of the assembled battery 10. In the map shown in FIG. 6, the limit value can be specified by specifying the SOC acquired in step S102 and the temperature acquired in step S103.

  In the map shown in FIG. 6, if the temperature of the assembled battery 10 is the same, the limit value increases as the SOC of the assembled battery 10 increases. Further, if the SOC of the assembled battery 10 is the same, the limit value increases as the temperature of the assembled battery 10 increases.

  In step S108, the controller 30 calculates an increase D (+) in the evaluation value. The amount of increase D (+) in the evaluation value is the ion concentration associated with the discharge from the time when the previous (immediately) evaluation value D (N−1) is calculated until one cycle time Δt elapses. Calculated according to the increase in bias. For example, the controller 30 can calculate the increase amount D (+) of the evaluation value based on the following formula (3).

  D (+) = B / C × I × Δt (3)

  In Expression (3), B represents a current coefficient, and the value acquired in the process of step S106 is used. C indicates a limit value, and the value acquired in the process of step S107 is used. I represents the discharge current value, and the value detected in the process of step S101 is used. Δt is the cycle time.

  As can be seen from Equation (3), the evaluation value increase D (+) increases as the discharge current value I increases or the cycle time Δt increases. Note that the calculation method of the increase amount D (+) is not limited to the calculation method described in this embodiment, and any method that can identify an increase in the bias of the ion concentration may be used.

  In step S109, the controller 30 calculates an evaluation value D (N) at the current cycle time Δt. The evaluation value D (N) can be calculated based on the following formula (4).

  D (N) = D (N−1) −D (−) + D (+) (4)

  In Expression (4), D (N) is an evaluation value at the current cycle time Δt, and D (N−1) is an evaluation value at the previous (immediately) cycle time Δt. D (0) as an initial value can be set to 0, for example. D (−) and D (+) indicate a decrease amount and an increase amount of the evaluation value D, respectively, and the values calculated in steps S105 and S108 are used.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in Expression (4), the evaluation value D (N) can be calculated in consideration of an increase in ion concentration bias and a decrease in ion concentration bias. Thereby, the change (increase / decrease) in the ion concentration bias considered to be the cause of the high rate deterioration can be appropriately reflected in the evaluation value D (N). Therefore, it can be grasped based on the evaluation value D (N) how close the state of the assembled battery 10 is to the state where the high rate deterioration occurs.

  In step S110, the controller 30 determines whether or not the evaluation value D (N) calculated in step S109 is smaller than a predetermined target value Dtar (−). The target value Dtar (−) is set to a value smaller than the evaluation value D (N) at which high-rate deterioration due to charging starts to occur, and can be set in advance. If the evaluation value D (N) is smaller than the target value Dtar (−), the process proceeds to step S111, and if not, the process proceeds to step S117.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the target value Dtar (−) is set on the minus side of the evaluation value D (N). The target value Dtar (−) is a negative value. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a change (an example) in the evaluation value D (N).

  In step S111, the controller 30 integrates the evaluation values D (N). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, when the evaluation value D (N) is smaller than the target value Dtar (−), a portion of the evaluation value D (N) smaller than the target value Dtar (−) ( Integration is performed for the hatched area in FIG. Every time the evaluation value D (N) becomes smaller than the target value Dtar (−), integration processing is performed. When the evaluation value D (N) is smaller than the target value Dtar (−), the difference between the evaluation value D (N) and the target value Dtar (−) is integrated. Since the integrated evaluation value D (N) is a negative value, the integrated value is also a negative value.

  In this embodiment, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated based on the following equation (5).

  In Expression (5), a is a correction coefficient, which is a value greater than 0 and less than 1. ΣDex (N−1) is a value obtained by accumulating the difference between the evaluation value D and each target value Dtar (−) in the cycle time up to the previous time. Dex (N) is a difference between the evaluation value D (N) and each target value Dtar (−) obtained at the current cycle time.

  Information regarding the correction coefficient a can be stored in the memory 31. Since the correction coefficient a is a value larger than 0 and smaller than 1, when calculating the integrated value ΣDex (N) at the current cycle time, the integrated value ΣDex (N−) obtained at the cycle time until the previous time is calculated. 1) decreases. In this embodiment, the correction coefficient a is used, but the correction coefficient a can be omitted. That is, when the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated, the evaluation value Dex (N) may be simply accumulated in the integrated value ΣDex (N−1).

  The evaluation value D (N) is a value for evaluating high-rate deterioration, but the high-rate deterioration may be alleviated under specific conditions. The high rate deterioration is considered to occur due to the extreme bias of the ion concentration. Therefore, if the bias of the ion concentration is reduced, the high rate deterioration is also reduced.

  When charging / discharging of the assembled battery 10 is suspended, the ion concentration unevenness is mitigated by the diffusion of ions, and the amount of increase in resistance due to high rate deterioration is reduced. The longer the time during which charging / discharging of the battery pack 10 is stopped, the more easily the uneven ion concentration is relaxed. Further, depending on the traveling pattern of the vehicle, the deviation of the ion concentration may be alleviated.

  As described above, high rate deterioration can be mitigated under various conditions. For this reason, in this embodiment, the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) is multiplied by the correction coefficient a (0 <a <1), thereby taking into account the mitigation of high-rate degradation, and the integrated value ΣDex (N−1). Is corrected. The correction coefficient a can be set in advance in consideration of an increase in resistance increase rate due to high-rate deterioration. When the correction coefficient a approaches 0, the ratio of the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) to the integrated value ΣDex (N) decreases. If the correction coefficient a is close to 1, the ratio of the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) to the integrated value ΣDex (N) increases.

  As will be described later, when the integrated value ΣDex (N) is smaller than the threshold value K, the input (charging) of the assembled battery 10 is limited. Here, by reducing the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) using the correction coefficient a, it is possible to suppress the integrated value ΣDex (N) from becoming smaller than the threshold value K.

  When the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) is not corrected using the correction coefficient a, the integrated value ΣDex (N) easily reaches the threshold value K. As described above, the high-rate deterioration is alleviated by the charging / discharging of the assembled battery 10 or the like, and there is a time for stopping charging / discharging of the assembled battery 10 even in an actual vehicle. When the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) is not corrected, the charging / discharging pause of the assembled battery 10 is not taken into consideration, so that the integrated value ΣDex (N) easily reaches the threshold value K, and the input of the assembled battery 10 May be restricted more than necessary. If the input of the assembled battery 10 is restricted more than necessary, it becomes difficult to store electric energy in the assembled battery 10.

  According to the present embodiment, the integrated value ΣDex (N) reflecting the actual deterioration state of the assembled battery 10 is obtained by correcting the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) in consideration of the mitigation of high-rate deterioration. Can do. By controlling the charging of the assembled battery 10 based on the integrated value ΣDex (N), it is possible to prevent the input of the assembled battery 10 from being restricted more than necessary.

  In this embodiment, when the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated, the difference between the evaluation value D (N) and each target value Dtar (−) is integrated, but this is not restrictive. Specifically, when the evaluation value D (N) is smaller than the target value Dtar (−), the evaluation value D (N) can be integrated. In this case, the threshold value K described later may be changed in consideration of the target value Dtar (−). Here, the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) can be corrected by the correction coefficient a as described above.

  In Step S112, the controller 30 determines whether or not the integrated value ΣDex (N) is smaller than the threshold value K. The threshold value K is a value for allowing high-rate deterioration due to charging, and is a negative value. If the integrated value ΣDex (N) is smaller than the threshold value K in step S112, the process proceeds to step S114. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step S113.

  The threshold value K is not a fixed value, but is changed according to the deterioration state of the assembled battery 10 (unit cell 11), in other words, how the assembled battery 10 is used. A method for determining the threshold value K will be described with reference to FIG.

  In step S201, the controller 30 controls the temperature of the assembled battery 10 when charging / discharging is not performed, the temperature of the assembled battery 10 when charging / discharging is performed, and the temperature of the assembled battery 10 when charging / discharging is performed. Get the energization amount. As a case where charging / discharging of the assembled battery 10 is not performed, for example, a vehicle on which the assembled battery 10 is mounted may be left unattended. The temperature of the assembled battery 10 can be acquired based on the output of the temperature sensor 26. Further, the energization amount can be acquired based on the output of the current sensor 25.

  Here, in order to acquire the temperature of the assembled battery 10 when charging / discharging is not performed, for example, a temperature sensor (different from the temperature sensor 26) provided in advance in the vehicle to detect the outside air temperature is used. Can do. Further, as the temperature of the assembled battery 10 when charging / discharging is not performed, the detection result of the temperature sensor 26 immediately after the ignition switch is switched from OFF to ON can also be used. On the other hand, when the assembled battery 10 is not being charged / discharged due to the stop of the vehicle, the controller 30 is activated at a predetermined cycle and can acquire the temperature of the assembled battery 10 based on the output of the temperature sensor 26.

  In step S202, the controller 30 specifies (estimates) material deterioration of the assembled battery 10 (unit cell 11) based on the information acquired in step S201. The deterioration of the battery pack 10 (unit cell 11) is divided into high-rate deterioration and material deterioration (corresponding to the second deterioration component). The material deterioration is deterioration depending on the material of the members constituting the unit cell 11. Further, the material deterioration is divided into a deterioration component when charging / discharging the assembled battery 10 (referred to as storage deterioration) and a deterioration component when charging / discharging the assembled battery 10 (referred to as current deterioration). .

  The storage deterioration can be specified based on the temperature of the assembled battery 10 when charging / discharging is not performed, in other words, based on the temperature of the assembled battery 10 when the vehicle is left unattended. If a map showing the correspondence between the temperature of the battery pack 10 when charging / discharging is not performed and storage deterioration is prepared in advance, the storage deterioration can be specified. A map for specifying storage deterioration can be stored in the memory 31 in advance. If the storage deterioration occurs, the resistance of the assembled battery 10 increases. Therefore, the storage deterioration can be defined by a resistance increase rate, for example.

  The energization deterioration can be specified based on the temperature and the energization amount of the battery pack 10 when charging / discharging. If a map showing a correspondence relationship between the temperature and energization amount of the assembled battery 10 during charging / discharging and the energization deterioration is prepared in advance, the energization deterioration can be specified. A map for specifying energization deterioration can be stored in the memory 31 in advance. If the energization deterioration occurs, the resistance of the assembled battery 10 increases, and therefore the energization deterioration can be defined by, for example, a resistance increase rate. If storage deterioration and energization deterioration can be specified, material deterioration can be specified.

  In step S203, the controller 30 specifies a high-rate deterioration map for determining the threshold value K based on the material deterioration specified in step S202. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the high-rate deterioration map includes a threshold value K, a temperature of the assembled battery 10 during charging / discharging (here, an average temperature), and a use state (Ah) of the assembled battery 10. / Km). The use state (Ah / km) of the assembled battery 10 is the charge / discharge amount of the assembled battery 10 with respect to the travel distance of the vehicle, and can be calculated based on the output of the travel distance sensor and the output of the current sensor 25. The axis of the threshold value K shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 means that the threshold value K decreases as the direction of the arrow proceeds.

  The maps shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are maps when the material deterioration is different from each other. The material deterioration corresponding to the map shown in FIG. 9 is larger than the material deterioration corresponding to the map shown in FIG. Since the deterioration of the assembled battery 10 (unit cell 11) is divided into material deterioration and high-rate deterioration, if the material deterioration increases, the rate of allowing high-rate deterioration due to charging decreases, and the threshold K (<0) also increases. . The threshold value K shown in FIG. 9 is larger than the threshold value K shown in FIG.

  For example, since material deterioration hardly occurs in a low temperature environment, the rate of allowing high rate deterioration due to charging can be increased. If a plurality of maps shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are prepared in accordance with the degree of material deterioration, a map corresponding to the material deterioration specified in step S202 can be specified. The maps shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 can be stored in the memory 31 in advance.

  In step S204, the controller 30 specifies the threshold value K using the high-rate deterioration map specified in step S203. Specifically, the controller 30 acquires the temperature of the assembled battery 10 and the use state (Ah / km) of the assembled battery 10, and specifies the threshold value K corresponding to the temperature and use state (Ah / km) of the assembled battery 10. To do. This threshold value K is used in the process of step S112 in FIG.

  In step S113 of FIG. 3, the controller 30 sets the input limit value used for charging control of the assembled battery 10 to the maximum value. The input limit value is an upper limit value (power [kW]) that allows charging of the battery pack 10. The controller 30 controls charging of the assembled battery 10 so that the input power of the assembled battery 10 does not become higher than the input limit value.

  The processing shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is performed when the vehicle is running or when the battery pack 10 is charged using the charger 28. When the battery pack 10 is charged using the charger 28, the evaluation value D (N) tends to be smaller than the target value Dtar (−), and the integrated value ΣDex (N) tends to be smaller than the threshold value K.

  For example, when charging the assembled battery 10 using the charger 28, the controller 30 can control the charging of the assembled battery 10 by controlling the operation of the charger 28. Specifically, the charger 28 can change the input power of the assembled battery 10 within a range lower than the input limit value by receiving a control signal from the controller 30.

  On the other hand, when charging the assembled battery 10 using an external charger, the controller 30 can control charging of the assembled battery 10 through communication with the external charger. Specifically, the external charger can change the input power of the assembled battery 10 within a range lower than the input limit value by receiving a control signal from the controller 30.

  The input limit value as the maximum value can be determined in advance. When limiting the input of the assembled battery 10, the input limit value is changed to a value smaller than the maximum value. The input limit value can be varied between a maximum value and a minimum value. The input limit value as the minimum value can be set to 0 [kW], for example. In this case, the assembled battery 10 is not charged.

  In step S114, the controller 30 sets the input limit value to a value smaller than the maximum value. The input of the battery pack 10 is limited as the input limit value is lowered. The controller 30 can set the amount by which the input limit value is decreased with respect to the maximum value in accordance with the difference between the integrated value ΣDex (N) and the threshold value K. For example, the controller 30 can calculate the input limit value based on the following equation (6).

  Win = Win (MAX) −L × (ΣDex (N) −K) (6)

  In Expression (6), Win indicates an input limit value used for charging control, and Win (MAX) indicates a maximum value of the input limit value. L represents a coefficient. K represents the threshold value K described in step S112.

  The value “L × (ΣDex (N) −K)” indicates the amount by which the input limit value is decreased, and the amount of decrease can be adjusted by changing the coefficient L. Specifically, the amount of decrease can be adjusted in consideration of vehicle drivability.

  In step S <b> 115, the controller 30 transmits a command related to charging control of the assembled battery 10 to the charger 28. When charging the battery pack 10 using an external charger. The controller 30 transmits a command related to charging control of the assembled battery 10 to the external charger through communication with the external charger. This command includes information on the input limit value set in step S113 or step S114. Thereby, charging of the assembled battery 10 is controlled so that the charging power of the assembled battery 10 does not become higher than the input limit value.

  In step S <b> 116, the controller 30 stores the current evaluation value D (N) and integrated value ΣDex (N) in the memory 31. By storing the evaluation value D (N) in the memory 31, a change in the evaluation value D (N) can be monitored. Further, by storing the integrated value ΣDex (N) in the memory 31, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is updated when the next evaluation value D (N + 1) becomes smaller than the target value Dtar (−). Can do.

  When the process proceeds from step S110 to step S117, the controller 30 stores the evaluation value D (N) in the memory 31 in step S117. Thereby, the change of the evaluation value D (N) can be monitored.

  According to the present embodiment, when the integrated value ΣDex (N) is smaller than the threshold value K, the charging of the assembled battery 10 is restricted, whereby high rate deterioration due to charging can be suppressed. Further, until the integrated value ΣDex (N) reaches the threshold value K, the input limit value remains set to the maximum value, so that the input of the assembled battery 10 can be secured to the maximum.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram (an example) illustrating changes in the integrated value ΣDex (N) and the input limit value accompanying changes in the evaluation value D (N).

  Every time the evaluation value D (N) becomes smaller than the target value Dtar (−), the integrated value ΣDex (N) is updated. When the integrated value ΣDex (N) reaches the threshold value K at time t11, the input limit value is changed. Thereby, charge of the assembled battery 10 is further restrict | limited. Further, as the integrated value ΣDex (N) becomes smaller than the threshold value K, the input limit value becomes smaller. On the other hand, the input limit value is maintained at the maximum value until the integrated value ΣDex (N) reaches the threshold value K.

  In this embodiment, even if the evaluation value D (N) becomes smaller than each target value Dtar (−), the input limit value is not changed at this timing, and the integrated value ΣDex (N) becomes smaller than the threshold value K. Input limit value is changed. By performing such control, the assembled battery 10 is charged in a state where the input limit value is set to the maximum value even after the evaluation value D (N) becomes smaller than each target value Dtar (−). The electric energy can be efficiently stored in the assembled battery 10.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, by estimating the material deterioration of the unit cell 11, it is possible to specify a range in which high-rate deterioration due to charging can be tolerated. Then, by setting the threshold value K corresponding to a range in which high rate deterioration due to charging can be allowed, the assembled battery 10 can be charged within a range where high rate deterioration due to charging can be allowed.

  In the present embodiment, the evaluation value D (N) is stored in the memory 31 for each cycle time Δt, and the previous evaluation value D (N−1) stored in the memory 31 is used to evaluate the current evaluation value. Although D (N) is calculated, the present invention is not limited to this. Specifically, the evaluation value D (N) can be calculated based on the current value history. Since the evaluation value D (N) changes according to the change of the current value, the evaluation value D (N) can be calculated if the current value history is acquired. For example, only the current value history can be stored in the memory 31, and the evaluation value D (N) at a specific cycle time Δt can be calculated using the current value history.

  In the present embodiment, the target value Dtar (−) used in step S110 in FIG. 3 is a preset fixed value, but is not limited thereto. That is, the target value Dtar (−) can be changed.

  Specifically, as in the present embodiment, material deterioration is estimated, and a range in which high-rate deterioration due to charging can be tolerated is specified. When the range in which the high rate deterioration due to charging is allowable is smaller than a predetermined reference range, the target value Dtar (−) may be changed to a value larger than the target value Dtar (−) corresponding to the reference range. it can. On the other hand, when the range in which the high-rate deterioration due to charging is allowable is larger than the reference range, the target value Dtar (−) can be changed to a value smaller than the target value Dtar (−) corresponding to the reference range.

  As the target value Dtar (-) corresponding to the reference range, for example, the target value Dtar (-) described in the present embodiment can be used. When changing the target value Dtar (−), the threshold value K can be set to a fixed value.

  When the target value Dtar (−) is increased, the target value Dtar (−) is brought close to 0. By changing the target value Dtar (−) in this way, the difference between the evaluation value D (N) and each target value Dtar (−) can be increased. Accordingly, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is likely to be smaller than the threshold value K, and charging of the assembled battery 10 is easily limited.

  On the other hand, when the target value Dtar (−) is decreased, the target value Dtar (−) is moved away from zero. Thus, by changing the target value Dtar (−), the difference between the evaluation value D (N) and each target value Dtar (−) can be reduced. Thus, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is less likely to be smaller than the threshold value K, and charging of the assembled battery 10 does not have to be restricted.

  In this embodiment, as described in the processing of steps S110 and S111 in FIG. 3, when the evaluation value D (N) becomes smaller than the target value Dtar (−), the evaluation value D (N) and the target value Dtar Although the difference of (-) is integrated, it is not restricted to this. Specifically, the difference between the evaluation value D (N) and the target value Dtar (−) can be integrated only when the battery pack 10 is charged using the charger 28 or the external charger.

  Specifically, between the processes of step S110 and step S111, the controller 30 can determine whether or not charging using the charger 28 or the external charger is being performed. For example, the controller 30 can determine that charging using the charger 28 is performed when the charging relays 29a and 29b are switched from OFF to ON. Further, the controller 30 can determine that charging using the external charger is performed when it is detected that the connector connected to the external charger is connected to the connector provided in the vehicle. .

  When charging using the charger 28 or the external charger is performed, the controller 30 can perform the process of step S111. When the battery pack 10 or the external charger is used to charge the assembled battery 10 in a short time, the charge rate tends to increase, and high-rate deterioration may easily occur. Therefore, the integrated value ΣDex (N) can be calculated only when the battery pack 10 is charged using the charger 28 or the external charger.

  When the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated only when the battery pack 10 is charged using the charger 28 or the external charger, the target value Dtar (−) is the target value Dtar (−) described in the present embodiment. ) May be the same value or different values. When making the target value Dtar (-) different, it is preferable to set it to a value smaller than the target value Dtar (-) described in this embodiment.

  In this embodiment, the evaluation value D (N) is increased when high rate deterioration due to discharge occurs, and the evaluation value D (N) is decreased when high rate deterioration due to charging occurs. It is not limited. For example, the evaluation value D (N) can be increased when high rate deterioration due to charging occurs, and the evaluation value D (N) can be decreased when high rate deterioration due to discharging occurs. Specifically, the discharge current may be a negative value and the charging current may be a positive value.

  A battery system that is Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described. Also in the battery system of the present embodiment, the processes shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are performed. Here, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment regarding the method of calculating the integrated value ΣDex (N) (the process of step S111 in FIG. 3). Since the other processes are the same as those described in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

  In this embodiment, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated based on the following formula (7).

  In Expression (7), T is a predetermined period and can be set as appropriate. a is a correction coefficient and is a value larger than 0 and smaller than 1. ΣDex (N−1) is a value obtained by accumulating the difference between the evaluation value D and each target value Dtar (−) in the cycle time (T−Δt) up to the previous time. Dex (N) is the difference between the evaluation value D (N) and the target value Dtar (−) obtained at the current cycle time (Δt).

  The integrated value ΣDex (N−1) described in the first embodiment is a value obtained by accumulating the difference between the evaluation value D and each target value Dtar (−). The integrated value ΣDex (N−1) used in this embodiment is a value obtained by accumulating the difference between the evaluation value D and each target value Dtar (−) during the period T. In the present embodiment, the difference between the evaluation value D and each target value Dtar (−) acquired before the period T with respect to the current cycle time is used to calculate the integrated value ΣDex (N). Absent.

  A method of calculating the integrated value ΣDex (N) in the present embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 shows a relationship between a change (one example) in the evaluation value D (N) and a period T in which the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated.

  In FIG. 12, first, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated between time t20 and time t22. A period from time t20 to time t22 is a period T. The current cycle time Δt is from time t21 to time t22. From time t20 to time t21, the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) is calculated. The method for calculating the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) is the same as the method described in the first embodiment. As shown in Expression (7), the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) is multiplied by the correction coefficient a.

  From time t21 to time t22, the difference Dex (N) is calculated. That is, first, it is determined whether or not the evaluation value D (N) is smaller than the target value Dtar (−). When the evaluation value D (N) is smaller than the target value Dtar (−), a difference Dex (N) between the evaluation value D (N) and the target value Dtar (−) is calculated. If the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) and the difference Dex (N) are obtained, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated based on the equation (7).

  As shown in Expression (7), in this embodiment, the time average value obtained by dividing the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) (T−Δt) + Dex (N) Δt” by the period T is used as the integrated value ΣDex. (N). When the integrated value ΣDex (N) is smaller than the threshold value K, the charging of the assembled battery 10 can be restricted as in the first embodiment. Unlike the threshold value K described in the first embodiment, the threshold value K used in the present embodiment is a value corresponding to the period T.

  When the current cycle time ends at time t22, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated between time t23 and time t25. Time t23 is the time when one cycle time Δt has elapsed from time t20. Time t24 is the same time as time t22. Time t25 is the time when one cycle time Δt has elapsed from time t24. The period from time t24 to time t25 is the current cycle time Δt.

  The integrated value ΣDex (N) calculated between time t23 and time t25 is a time average value obtained by dividing the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) (T−Δt) + Dex (N) Δt” by the period T. It becomes. When the integrated value ΣDex (N) is smaller than the threshold value K, the charging of the assembled battery 10 is restricted as in the first embodiment.

  When the current cycle time Δt ends at time t25, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated between time t26 and time t28. Time t26 is the time when one cycle time Δt has elapsed from time t23. Time t27 is the same time as time t25. Time t28 is the time when one cycle time Δt has elapsed from time t27. The cycle time from time t27 to time t28 is the current cycle time.

  The integrated value ΣDex (N) calculated between time t26 and time t28 is a time average value obtained by dividing the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) (T−Δt) + Dex (N) Δt” by the period T. It becomes. When the integrated value ΣDex (N) is smaller than the threshold value K, the charging of the assembled battery 10 is restricted as in the first embodiment.

  As described in the first embodiment, the high-rate deterioration is mitigated by the charging / discharging of the assembled battery 10 or the like. For this reason, even when the evaluation value D becomes smaller than the target value Dtar (−) at the time before the current cycle time by the period T or more, the evaluation value D is used for evaluating the high rate deterioration. Hard to influence. Therefore, in this embodiment, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated using only the evaluation value D acquired during the most recent period T.

  As a result, an integrated value ΣDex (N) that takes into account the mitigation of high-rate degradation can be obtained, and charging of the assembled battery 10 can be limited according to the high-rate degradation that is not mitigated. When the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated using the past evaluation value D that is less likely to affect the evaluation of the high rate deterioration, the integrated value ΣDex (N) tends to be smaller than the threshold value K, and the battery pack 10 is charged. There is a risk of over-limitation. In the present embodiment, the past evaluation value D (evaluation value D acquired outside the period T) is not used to calculate the integrated value ΣDex (N). It can suppress restricting charging of 10 too much.

  As shown in FIG. 12, since the evaluation value D varies with time, the difference between the evaluation value D and each target value Dtar (−) also varies with time. If the difference between the evaluation value D and each target value Dtar (−) changes, the value “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” also changes. For this reason, the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” may increase or decrease temporarily. When comparing the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” with the threshold value K, the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” decreases temporarily, It may be smaller than K. In this case, charging of the assembled battery 10 is limited.

  In this embodiment, the time average value obtained by dividing the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) (T−Δt) + Dex (N) Δt” by the period T is set as the integrated value ΣDex (N). By using the integrated value ΣDex (N) as the time average value, the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” can be dispersed during the period T. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” from being temporarily reduced to be smaller than the threshold value K, and the assembled battery 10 is excessively charged. It is possible to suppress the restriction.

  In FIG. 13, the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” is defined as the integrated value ΣDex (N), and the change in the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” (an example) ). When comparing the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” with the threshold value K, the time when the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” is smaller than the threshold value K Thus, charging of the assembled battery 10 is limited.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, a time average value obtained by dividing the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) (T−Δt) + Dex (N) Δt” by the period T is set as an integrated value ΣDex (N). The average value and the threshold value K are compared. By using the time average value, even if the value of “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” is temporarily smaller than the threshold value K, the time average value may not be smaller than the threshold value K. . Thereby, it can suppress that a time average value becomes smaller than the threshold value K, and it can suppress that charge of the assembled battery 10 is restrict | limited too much.

  In this embodiment, as shown in the equation (7), the integrated value ΣDex (N−1) is multiplied by the correction coefficient a (0 <a <1), but it is not necessary to multiply the correction coefficient a. . That is, the time average value obtained by accumulating the difference between the evaluation value D and each target value Dtar (−) in the latest period T and dividing the accumulated value by the period T can be used as the integrated value ΣDex (N).

  In the first embodiment, the integrated value ΣDex (N) is calculated based on the equation (5), and all past evaluation values D are taken into consideration. Here, as in this embodiment, the integrated value ΣDex (N) can be calculated in consideration of only the evaluation value D obtained in the most recent period T. That is, the value “a × ΣDex (N−1) + Dex (N)” described in the present embodiment can be set as the integrated value ΣDex (N).

10: assembled battery 11: cell 21a, 21b: system main relay 22: booster circuit 23: inverter 24: motor generator 25: current sensor 26: temperature sensor 27: voltage sensor 28: chargers 29a, 29b: charge relay 30 : Controller 31: Memory

Claims (17)

A control device for controlling the charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery so that the charging power of the non-aqueous secondary battery does not exceed the upper limit value,
A current sensor for detecting a current value at the time of charge and discharge of the non-aqueous secondary battery;
Using the current sensor, an evaluation value for evaluating a first deterioration component that lowers the input / output performance of the non-aqueous secondary battery as the ion concentration in the electrolyte due to charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery decreases. A controller that reduces the upper limit when a value obtained by integrating the evaluation value exceeding the target value exceeds a threshold value, calculated from the charge / discharge state detected in
A control device comprising:   The controller has a second integrated value obtained by integrating a value obtained by integrating a first integrated value obtained by integrating past evaluation values exceeding the target value by a correction coefficient and a current evaluation value exceeding the target value. The control device according to claim 1, wherein it is determined whether or not the threshold value is exceeded. The correction coefficient is a value greater than 0 and less than 1.
The controller calculates the second integrated value by integrating a value obtained by multiplying the first integrated value by the correction coefficient and the current evaluation value exceeding the target value. 2. The control device according to 2.   The control device according to claim 2, wherein the controller calculates the second integrated value within a most recent predetermined period.   The controller calculates a time average value by dividing the second integrated value calculated within the most recent predetermined period by the predetermined period, and determines whether or not the time average value exceeds the threshold value. The control device according to claim 4, wherein:   The controller has a smaller amount of change in the second integrated value until the threshold value is reached, as the second deterioration component indicating deterioration of the constituent material contributing to charge / discharge of the non-aqueous secondary battery increases. The threshold value is changed so that the amount of change of the second integrated value until the threshold value is reached increases as the second degradation component decreases. The control device described in 1. A memory for storing a map for specifying the threshold value according to the second deterioration component;
The controller is
Using the temperature and energization amount of the non-aqueous secondary battery, the second deterioration component is estimated,
The control device according to claim 6, wherein the threshold value is specified using the map corresponding to the estimated second deterioration component among the plurality of maps stored in the memory.   The control device according to claim 1, wherein the non-aqueous secondary battery outputs energy used for running the vehicle.   The control device according to claim 8, wherein the non-aqueous secondary battery is charged by receiving power supplied from an external power source.   The control device according to claim 9, wherein the controller outputs information for reducing the upper limit value to a charger that supplies power from the external power source to the non-aqueous secondary battery. A control method for controlling the charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery so that the charging power of the non-aqueous secondary battery does not exceed an upper limit value,
Using a current sensor, detect the current value at the time of charge and discharge of the non-aqueous secondary battery,
Using the current sensor, an evaluation value for evaluating a first deterioration component that lowers the input / output performance of the non-aqueous secondary battery as the ion concentration in the electrolyte due to charging of the non-aqueous secondary battery decreases. Calculated from the charge / discharge state detected by
When the value obtained by integrating the evaluation values exceeding the target value exceeds a threshold value, the upper limit value is reduced.
A control method characterized by that. A second integrated value obtained by integrating a first integrated value obtained by integrating past evaluation values exceeding the target value by a correction coefficient and a current evaluation value exceeding the target value exceeds the threshold. Whether or not
When the second integrated value exceeds the threshold value, the upper limit value is decreased.
The control method according to claim 11. The correction coefficient is a value greater than 0 and less than 1.
13. The second integrated value is calculated by integrating a value obtained by multiplying the first integrated value by the correction coefficient and the current evaluation value exceeding the target value. Control method.   The control method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the second integrated value is calculated within a most recent predetermined period. Dividing the second integrated value calculated within the most recent predetermined period by the predetermined period to calculate a time average value;
Determining whether the time average value exceeds the threshold;
When the time average value exceeds the threshold value, the upper limit value is decreased.
The control method according to claim 14.   The control method according to claim 11, wherein the non-aqueous secondary battery is charged by receiving power supplied from an external power source. The control method according to claim 16, wherein information for lowering the upper limit value is output to a charger that supplies power from the external power source to the non-aqueous secondary battery.