JP2013188087A - Distributed type power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

When a demand for reverse power flow occurs due to a disaster or the like, a power supply source manages whether or not a reverse power flow is performed by a consumer, while surplus power from a distributed power supply system is Provided is a distributed power supply system that generates electricity using fossil fuel that can be reversely flowed into the sea.
Control switching determination means determines whether or not to switch from reverse power flow prohibition control to reverse power flow permission control based on information indicating that reverse power flow received from a power supply source via a communication device is allowed (step 104). When the control switching determination means determines that switching is to be performed (determined as “YES” in Step 106), the control switching execution means switches from the reverse power flow prohibition control to the reverse power flow permission control and executes the reverse power flow permission control.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a distributed power supply system that supplies power to a load device of a consumer connected to a power system.

  A distributed power supply system was developed for a centralized power supply system that generates a large amount of power at a time at a conventional power plant and transmits it to consumers, such as homes, buildings, and factories via electric wires. . In this system, a small-scale power source (power generation device) compared to a power plant is installed, for example, at a customer's destination, and the power sources are distributed and arranged to generate and supply power corresponding to the consumer's power consumption. System. Examples of the power source include a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, a micro gas turbine power generation device, a gas engine power generation device, and a fuel cell power generation device.

  Surplus power generated by renewable energy such as sunlight and wind power is obliged to be purchased by a power supplier that supplies power to the power system. On the other hand, surplus power generated by fossil fuels is not obliged to be purchased by the power supplier, so even if the surplus power is caused to flow backward to the power system, the consumer will be burdened with fuel costs. For this reason, in general, control is performed so that the surplus power does not flow backward to the power system.

  As an example of a distributed power supply system that generates power using fossil fuel, there is an electric power grid-connected distributed power supply system disclosed in Patent Document 1. The distributed power system includes a plurality of power generation systems 20, a plurality of power conditioners 10 that convert electric power generated by the plurality of power generation systems 20 into AC power synchronized with the power system, and a plurality of power conditioners. There are provided load devices 2 and 3 that are operated by power supplied from at least one of the power supply 10 and the power system. In the distributed power supply system disclosed in Patent Document 1, one power conditioner 10 among a plurality of power conditioners 10 monitors reverse power flow, and exchanges this monitoring information with information of other power conditioners 10. The control is performed to equalize the outputs of all the power conditioners 10 so that the output power follows the power consumption, thereby preventing reverse power flow to the power system.

Another example is a fuel cell system disclosed in Patent Document 2. The fuel cell system 10 includes a fuel cell device 11 including a fuel cell, a power conditioner 12 that converts a direct current supplied from the fuel cell device 11 into alternating current power synchronized with the power system, and the power It is comprised from the load 16 which operate | moves with the electric power supplied from the conditioner 12, and detection part MC1 which detects the reverse power flow to the electric power grid | system 17. FIG. When a reverse power flow is detected by the detection unit MC1, the output power from the power conditioner 20 is controlled to be equal to or less than the power consumption of the load 16. In the fuel cell system 10 disclosed in Patent Document 2, a charging / discharging device 13 such as a capacitor is connected to a wiring connecting the fuel cell device 11 and the power conditioner 12. Thereby, when there is a possibility that the output power from the fuel cell device 11 is excessive and reverse power flow occurs, the output power is charged in the charging / discharging device 13 while the power supplied to the load 16 is insufficient. The power is supplied from the charging / discharging device 13.
JP 2002-247765 A (pages 4-8, FIG. 3) JP 2008-152959 A (5th and 6th pages, FIGS. 1 and 2)

  If the generator of the power supply source that supplies power to the power system stops due to a disaster or the like, and the amount of power generation with respect to demand is insufficient, a large-scale power outage may occur. In such an emergency where power demand is tight, there is a desire to reverse the surplus power to the power system even in a distributed power system that generates power using fossil fuel. However, in the distributed power supply system described in Patent Document 1 and the fuel cell system described in Patent Document 2, the control for simply causing the output power to follow the change in the power consumption of the load is canceled, and the customer is free. In the case of reverse power flow from the distributed power system to the power system, the following problems occur. When power demand is not tight, it is not necessary to reverse the surplus power generated using fossil fuel to the power system. If the power supplier purchases surplus power, the burden of the power supplier Problem arises. As described above, in the conventional distributed power system, when a demand for reverse power flow occurs, the power supplier manages whether or not the reverse power flow is performed by the consumer, while surplus power from the distributed power system is reduced. It was not possible to reverse power flow to the power system.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. When a disaster or the like occurs and a request for reverse flow occurs, the power supply source determines whether or not the reverse flow is caused by the consumer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a distributed power supply system that generates electric power using fossil fuel, which can reversely flow surplus power from the distributed power supply system to the power system while managing.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a distributed power supply system that supplies power to a load device of a consumer connected to an electric power system, and loads electric power generated using fossil fuel. A power generation device that supplies power to the device, a control device that controls the output of the power generation device, and a communication device that communicates with a power supply source that supplies power to the power system. Output power in the range that does not exceed is generated by the power generator, and reverse power flow prohibition control means that executes reverse power flow prohibition control that prohibits reverse power flow to the power system, and output power that exceeds the power consumption of the load device is generated by the power generator And reverse flow permission control means for performing reverse power flow permission control that allows reverse power flow to the power system of surplus power excluding power consumption from output power, and reverse power flow received from a power supply source via a communication device. Tolerated Based on the information, when it is determined that the control switching determination unit and the control switching determination unit switch the reverse power flow prohibition control from the reverse power flow prohibition control to the reverse power flow permission control, the reverse power flow permission control is switched to the reverse power flow permission control. And switching control execution means for executing the reverse flow permission control by switching to.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the control switching determination unit detects a reverse power flow permission input by a consumer when a reverse power flow request from the power supply source is received via the communication device. In other words, it is determined to switch from reverse power flow prohibition control to reverse power flow permission control.

  The invention according to claim 3 is that in claim 1, when the control switching determination unit detects an input of the reverse flow request by the consumer, the reverse flow request input by the consumer is transmitted to the power supply source via the communication device. When the reverse power flow permission from the power supply source for the reverse power flow request received from the consumer is received via the communication device, it is determined to switch from the reverse power flow prohibition control to the reverse power flow permission control.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the control switching determining means detects the cancellation request by the consumer, or the power received via the communication device. When a release request from the supplier is detected, it further has a function of determining that the reverse power flow permission control is switched to the reverse power flow prohibition control, and the control switching execution unit is configured to perform the reverse power flow permission control based on the determination result of the control switching determination unit. Is further provided with a function of switching from reverse flow prohibition control to reverse flow control.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the reverse flow power detection means for detecting the reverse flow power from the power generator to the power system and the reverse flow power detection means are detected. The reverse flow power amount integrating means for calculating the reverse flow integrated power amount by integrating the reverse flow power amount is provided.

  The invention according to claim 6 further comprises reverse flow integrated power amount transmission execution means for transmitting the reverse flow integrated power amount integrated by the reverse flow power amount integrating means to the power supply source via the communication device in claim 5. That is.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the control device comprises output power determining means for determining the output power of the power generator in the reverse flow permission control. .

  The invention according to claim 8 is the apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising input means for determining output power.

  In the invention according to claim 1 configured as described above, the control switching determination unit performs the reverse power flow from the reverse power flow prohibition control based on the information indicating that the reverse power flow received from the power supply source via the communication device is permitted. When it is determined whether or not to switch to permission control, and the control switching determination means determines that switching is to be performed, the control switching execution means switches from reverse power flow prohibition control to reverse power flow permission control and executes reverse power flow permission control. . As a result, when reverse power flow prohibition control is performed in the distributed power supply system, when the distributed power supply system receives information indicating that reverse power flow is permitted from the power supply source, the reverse power flow prohibition that has been performed so far is performed. Switch from control to reverse flow permission control to execute reverse flow permission control. In other words, the distributed power supply system can be switched from reverse power flow prohibition control to reverse power flow permission control only after receiving information indicating that reverse power flow is permitted from the power supply source. It is possible to manage whether or not the consumer is caused to flow backward. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the consumer from making a reverse flow from the distributed power supply system to the power supply system. Therefore, when a disaster or the like occurs and a request for reverse flow occurs, the power supplier manages whether or not the reverse flow is made by the consumer, while surplus power from the distributed power system is transferred to the power system. It is possible to provide a distributed power supply system that generates electric power using fossil fuel that can be reversely flowed.

  In the invention according to claim 2 configured as described above, in the invention according to claim 1, when the control switching determination unit receives the reverse power flow request from the power supply source via the communication device, When the input of the reverse power flow permission is detected, it is determined to switch from the reverse power flow prohibition control to the reverse power flow permission control. Therefore, when the power supply source transmits a reverse power flow request to the consumer in advance, when the consumer permits the reverse power flow, the reverse power flow prohibition control is switched to the reverse power flow permission control. As a result, it is possible to manage whether or not the power supply source also causes reverse flow while managing whether or not the power supply source causes reverse flow to the power system from the distributed power supply system.

  In the invention according to claim 3 configured as described above, in the invention according to claim 1, when the control switching determination unit detects the input of the reverse power flow request by the consumer, the reverse power flow request input by the consumer. Is transmitted to the power supply source via the communication device, and when the reverse power flow permission from the power supply source for the reverse power flow request received from the consumer is received via the communication device, switching from the reverse power flow prohibition control to the reverse power flow permission control is performed. Is determined. Therefore, when the consumer transmits a reverse power flow request to the power supply source in advance, when the power supply source permits the reverse power flow, the reverse power flow prohibition control is switched to the reverse power flow permission control. As a result, it is possible to manage whether or not the power supply source also causes reverse flow while managing whether or not the power supply source causes reverse flow to the power system from the distributed power supply system.

  In the invention according to claim 4 configured as described above, in claims 1 to 3, the control switching determination means detects the cancellation request by the consumer, or the power received via the communication device When the release request is detected from the supply source, it is determined to switch from the reverse flow permission control to the reverse flow prohibition control. As a result, when the power supply source does not want to reverse flow of surplus power to the power system, for example, when an excessive reverse flow current flows into the power system and the power system may become unstable, the power supply source Can be switched from reverse flow permission control to reverse power flow prohibition control. In addition, when the consumer does not want to reverse the surplus power to the power system, for example, when the fuel soars and the fuel cost becomes higher than the power selling price, the consumer controls the reverse power flow permission control. To reverse power flow prohibition control.

  In the invention according to claim 5 configured as described above, in claim 1 to claim 4, there is provided reverse flow power detection means for detecting reverse flow power from the power generator to the power system, and reverse flow power detection means. A reverse flow power amount integrating means for calculating the reverse flow integrated power amount by integrating the detected reverse flow power amount is provided. As a result, the amount of power sold to the power supply source can be calculated based on the reverse flow integrated power amount.

  In the invention according to claim 6 configured as described above, in claim 5, the reverse power integration that transmits the reverse power integrated power amount integrated by the reverse power control unit to the power supply source via the communication device. An electric energy transmission execution means is provided. Accordingly, the integrated reverse power flow amount is automatically transmitted to the power supply source. For this reason, the power supply source can calculate the amount of power sales without performing meter-reading work.

  In the invention according to claim 7 configured as described above, in claim 1 to claim 6, the control device includes output power determining means for determining the output power of the power generator in the reverse flow permission control. This makes it possible to determine the output power of the power generation device in consideration of circumstances such as the price of fossil fuel and the degree of tightness of power demand, and the amount of reverse power flow to be reversely flowed to the power system.

  In the invention according to claim 8 configured as described above, in claim 7, an input means for determining output power is provided. Thereby, the consumer can arbitrarily determine the output power of the power generator, and can arbitrarily determine the amount of reverse power flow to be reversely flowed to the power system.

1 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of an embodiment of a distributed power supply system according to the present invention. It is a specific example of the generator shown in FIG. 1, (A) is a schematic diagram of the example using a fuel cell, (B) is a schematic diagram of the example using an engine. It is a flowchart of the switching control process which is a control program performed with the control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart of the 1st control switch determination process which is a subroutine of the control program performed with the control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart of the 2nd control switching determination process which is a subroutine of the control program performed with the control apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart of the reverse flow electric energy integrating | accumulating and transmission process which is a control program performed with the control apparatus shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing showing the output electric power of an electric power generating apparatus, (A) is explanatory drawing showing output power constant control, (B) is explanatory drawing showing reverse power flow constant power control.

(Description of configuration of distributed power supply system of the present invention)
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a distributed power supply system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The distributed power supply system 100 of the present invention includes a power generation device 30, a load device 91 that operates with power supplied from the power generation device 30, a control device 40 that controls output power of the power generation device 30, and a power system 200. The communication apparatus 50 which communicates with the instruction | command part 302 of the electric power supply source 300 which supplies electric power, and the operation part 60 for determining the output electric power of the electric power generating apparatus 30 are provided. A connection line 82 connected to the power system 200 is connected to a connection portion 83 of the power supply line 81 that connects the power generation device 30 and the load device 91.

  The power generation device 30 includes a power generator 10 that generates power using fossil fuel, and a converter 20 that converts a current generated by the power generator 10 into AC power synchronized with the power system 200 and supplies the AC power to the load device 91. It consists of and. The fossil fuel includes natural gas, LPG, kerosene, gasoline, methanol and the like. The generator 10 includes a fuel cell generator and an engine generator.

  A configuration when the generator 10 is a fuel cell generator will be described with reference to FIG. The fuel cell generator is composed of a fuel cell 11 and a reformer 12. The reformer 12 generates hydrogen-rich reformed gas by steam reforming (including carbon monoxide shift reaction) the fossil fuel supplied from the fuel supply device 14 with water supplied from the water supply device 15. To do. In addition, the reformer 12 causes the carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas to react with the air supplied from the air supply device 16 by the selective oxidation catalyst, and reduces the fuel to a predetermined concentration (10 ppm or less). A carbon monoxide reduction device led out to the battery 11 is provided. The fuel cell 11 generates direct current by a chemical reaction between hydrogen in the reformed gas supplied from the reformer 12 to the fuel electrode and air that is an oxidant gas supplied from the air supply device 13 to the air electrode. Output power.

  A configuration in the case where the generator 10 is an engine generator will be described with reference to FIG. The engine generator converts the thermal energy generated by combustion of fossil fuel and air supplied from the fuel supply device 19 into rotational energy (kinetic energy), and power generation that generates electric current as electrical energy from the rotational energy. A machine body 18 is provided. The engine 17 includes an internal combustion engine such as a gas turbine engine and a reciprocating engine, and an external combustion engine such as a steam turbine engine. The generator main body 18 includes a DC generator and an AC generator.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a hot water storage tank 70 for storing hot water, a hot water circulation circuit 71 for circulating the hot water, and heat generated by the generator 10 (exhaust heat generated by power generation by the generator 10). A cooling water circulation circuit 72 for circulating the recovered cooling water and a heat exchanger 73 for exchanging heat between the hot water and the cooling water are provided. Thereby, the exhaust heat (thermal energy) generated in the generator 10 is recovered in the cooling water, recovered in the hot water via the heat exchanger 73, and as a result, the hot water is heated (heated). .

  The load device 91 is an electric appliance such as a lighting / air conditioner / TV. In addition, when the total power consumption of the load device 91 exceeds the output power of the power generation device 30, the insufficient power is received from the power system 200 (forward power flow) to compensate.

  The distributed power supply system 100 includes a first power detection unit 84 that detects a power amount and a current direction of the power supply line 81 on the power generation device 30 side with respect to the connection unit 83, and a power supply on the load device 91 side with respect to the connection unit 83. A second power detection unit 85 that detects the power amount and current direction of the line 81 and a third power detection unit 86 that detects the power amount and current direction of the connection line 82 are provided. The first power detection unit 84, the second power detection unit 85, and the third power detection unit 86 include a rectifier that detects current, a voltage divider that detects voltage, and the like.

  The third power detection unit 86 serves as “reverse flow power detection means” that detects reverse flow power from the power generation apparatus 30 to the power system 200. The third power detection unit 86 can detect whether the current is a reverse power flow or a forward power flow. The first power detection unit 84 and the second power detection unit 85 may constitute “reverse power flow detection means”. In this case, by removing the output power of the power generation device 30 detected by the first power detection unit 84 from the total power consumption of the load device 91 detected by the second power detection unit 85, a reverse power flow is caused in the power system 200. The reverse power flow is calculated.

  The control device 40 receives a signal detected by at least one of the first power detection unit 84 to the third power detection unit 86 and controls the power generation amount (output power) of the power generation device 30 based on this signal. Yes. The control device 40 includes a CPU 41, a storage device 42, an input / output interface, and the like. The control device 40 includes the “reverse flow prohibition control means”, “reverse flow permission control means”, “control switching determination means”, “control switching execution means”, Means ”and“ reverse flow integrated power amount transmission execution means ”.

  The CPU 41 is a central processing unit that controls the control device 40, and is connected to the storage device 42 and the input / output interface via a system bus (not shown). The storage device 42 is a semiconductor storage device such as a so-called RAM, ROM, and non-volatile memory, and is connected to the CPU 41 via a system bus (not shown). In addition to the system program for controlling the CPU 41, the ROM and the non-volatile memory include “control switching processing”, “first control switching determination processing”, “second control switching determination processing”, and “reverse power flow integration” described later. Various control programs that enable the “transmission process” are stored. The RAM temporarily stores variables necessary for executing the program. The input / output interface is a device that mediates the exchange of data between the first power detection unit 84 to the third power detection unit 86, the communication device 50, and the operation unit 60 and the CPU 41, and is connected to the system bus.

  CPU41 reads the program corresponding to the flowchart of FIGS. 3-6 from ROM or non-volatile memory, and performs it sequentially. In the distributed power supply system 100 of the present invention, two operations of “reverse power flow prohibition control” in which reverse power flow to the power system 200 is prohibited and “reverse power flow permission control” in which reverse power flow to the power system 200 is permitted. Has a mode.

  When the operation mode of the distributed power supply system 100 is “reverse flow prohibition control”, the control device 40 that is “reverse flow prohibition control means” does not exceed the total power consumption (power consumption) of the load device 91. The output power of the power generation device 30 is generated, and “reverse flow prohibition control” for prohibiting reverse flow to the power supply system 200 is executed. In the present embodiment, the control device 40 controls the output power of the power generation device 30 based on the signals detected from the first power detection unit 84 and the second power detection unit 85, and in a range where no reverse power flow occurs, An operation (following operation) for causing the power generation amount (output power) of the power generation device 30 to follow the total power consumption of the load device 91 is performed. Specifically, the control device 40 detects the total power consumption of the load device 91 by the second power detection unit 85, and detects the output power of the power generation device 30 by the first power detection unit 84. The output power of the power generator 30 is controlled so that the output power matches the detected total power consumption.

  The control device 40 detects the direction of the current in the connection line 82 by the third power detection unit 86, and prevents reverse power flow when a reverse power flow is detected or when it is determined that a reverse power flow is likely to occur. In addition, at least one of the control for reducing the power generation amount of the generator 10 and the reduction of the output power of the converter 20 may be performed to perform the follow-up operation. Of course, when the total power consumption of the load device 91 exceeds the power generation capability of the power generation device 30, power is supplied from the power system 200 to the load device 91 (forward power flow).

  In the embodiment in which the generator 10 is a fuel cell generator ((A) in FIG. 2), the controller 40 supplies the fossil fuel supplied to the reformer 12 by the fuel supplier 14 and reforms by the water supplier 15. The output power of the fuel cell 11 is controlled by controlling the water supply amount to the device 12, the air supply amount to the reforming device 12 by the air supply device 16, and the air supply amount to the fuel cell 11 by the air supply device 13. To do. In the embodiment in which the generator 10 is an engine generator (FIG. 2B), the control device 40 controls the amount of fossil fuel supplied to the engine 17 by the fuel supply device 19, thereby Controls output power.

  When the operation mode of the distributed power supply system 100 is “reverse power flow permission control”, the control device 40 that is “reverse power flow permission control means” cancels the “reverse power flow permission control” and loads the load device 91. Output power exceeding the total power consumption (power consumption) of the power generation device 30 is generated, and the reverse power flow of the surplus power to the power system 200 excluding the total power consumption of the load device 91 from the output power of the power generation device 30 is allowed. Execute “reverse flow permission control”. Of course, when the power consumption of the load device 91 exceeds the power generation capacity (maximum power generation amount) of the power generation device 30, the reverse power flow cannot be performed even with “reverse power flow permission control”.

  The communication device 50 is a device that communicates with the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300, and includes a communication device that supports a dedicated line, an Internet line, a PLC (power line carrier communication), and a communication method using radio. In addition, the instruction | command part 302 determines the output of each power plant 301, and controls the output of each power plant 301. FIG. In the present invention, the command unit 302 transmits “reverse power flow request” and “reverse power flow permission”, which are information indicating that reverse power flow is permitted, to the communication device 50. The “reverse power flow request” is a request made by the command unit 302 to the customer's distributed power supply system 100, and a request that the surplus power of the distributed power supply system 100 is caused to flow backward to the power system 200. It is. The “reverse power flow permission request” is a permission that the command unit 302 makes to the consumer's distributed power system 100, and the command unit 302 receives the “reverse power flow request” from the distributed power system 100. In this case, the permission is to allow the distributed power supply system 100 to allow the surplus power to flow backward to the power system 200.

  The operation unit 60 includes an input unit 61 for determining and changing the settings of the distributed power supply system 100 and a display unit 62 such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) for displaying various information. The input unit 61 includes a touch panel, physical buttons, a keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, and the like. The input unit 61 corresponds to an “input unit” described in the claims, and is for determining the output power of the power generation device 30. The operation unit 60 may be a remote controller that transmits and receives information to and from the control device 40.

(Description of control switching process)
Next, the operation of the above-described distributed power supply system 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. The control device 40 sequentially executes the “control switching process” shown in FIG. 3 when the power generation device 30 is in a state capable of generating power. First, in step 102, the control device 40 that is “reverse flow control means” starts the above-described “reverse flow prohibition control” and advances the program to step 104. In step 104, the control device 40, which is a “control switching determination unit”, determines whether or not to switch from “reverse flow prohibition control” to “reverse flow permission control” (FIG. 4 or 5). The subroutine shown in FIG.

The “first control switching determination process”, which is an example of the subroutine “control switching determination process” (step 104) of the “control switching process” in FIG. 3, will be described with reference to FIG.
First, in step 202, the control device 40 that is a “control switching determination unit” determines whether or not the communication device 50 has received a “reverse power flow request” from the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300, and If it is determined that the “tidal flow request” has been received (“YES” in step 202), the program proceeds to step 204. At this time, the “reverse power flow request” is displayed on the display unit 62 of the operation unit 60, and the consumer (operator) can recognize the “reverse power flow request”. On the other hand, when the control device 40 determines that the “reverse power flow request” has not been received (“NO” in step 202), the program proceeds to step 208.

  In step 204, the control device 40 determines whether or not “reverse power flow permission” by the consumer (operator) is input from the operation unit 60, and when determining that “reverse power flow permission” is input ( If “YES” is determined in step 204), the program proceeds to step 206. Note that “reverse power flow permission” and “reverse power flow permission”, which will be described later, are input to the control device 40 when the operator operates the input unit 61 of the operation unit 60. On the other hand, the control device 40 determines that “reverse power flow permission” by the consumer (operator) has been input, or determines that “reverse power flow permission” has not been input even after a predetermined time has elapsed. If so ("NO" at step 204), the program proceeds to step 208.

  In step 206, the control device 40 determines to switch from “reverse power flow prohibition control” to “reverse power flow permission control”, sets a value 1 in the switching flag F, and stores it in the storage device 42. Then, control device 40 advances the program to step 210, ends the subroutine processing, and advances the program to step 106 (shown in FIG. 3) and thereafter.

  In step 208, the control device 40 determines not to switch from the “reverse flow prohibition control” to the “reverse flow permission control”, sets the value 0 in the switching flag F, and stores it in the storage device 42. Then, control device 40 advances the program to step 210, ends the subroutine processing, and advances the program to step 106 (shown in FIG. 3) and thereafter.

Next, the “second control switching determination process” which is an example of the subroutine “control switching determination process” (step 104) of the “control switching process” in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, in step 302, the control device 40 which is a “control switching determination unit” determines whether or not a “reverse flow request” by the operator is input from the operation unit 60, and the “reverse flow request” is input. If it is determined that “YES” is determined in step 302, the program proceeds to step 304, and if “reverse power flow request” is not input (“NO” is determined in step 302). The program proceeds to step 310. The “reverse power flow request” is input to the control device 40 by operating the input unit 61 of the operation unit 60.

  In step 304, the control device 40 transmits a “reverse power flow request” to the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 via the communication device 50 and advances the program to step 306. In step 306, the control device 40 determines whether or not the communication device 50 has received “reverse flow flow permission” for the “reverse flow flow request” from the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300, and the “reverse flow flow permission”. If it is determined that the program is received ("YES" is determined in step 306), the program proceeds to step 308. On the other hand, when it is determined that the control device 40 has received “reverse power flow permission” from the command unit 302, or when it has been determined that the “reverse power flow permission” has not been received even after a predetermined time has elapsed. ("NO" at step 306), the program proceeds to step 310.

  In step 308, the control device 40 determines to switch from the “reverse flow prohibition control” to the “reverse flow permission control”, sets the value 1 in the switching flag F, and stores it in the storage device 42. Then, control device 40 advances the program to step 312, ends the subroutine processing, and advances the program to step 106 (shown in FIG. 3) and thereafter.

  In step 310, the control device 40 determines not to switch from the “reverse flow prohibition control” to the “reverse flow permission control”, sets the value 0 in the switching flag F, and causes the storage device 42 to store it. Then, control device 40 advances the program to step 312, ends the subroutine processing, and advances the program to step 106 (shown in FIG. 3) and thereafter.

  Returning to FIG. 3 again, the “control switching process” will be described. In step 106, the control device 40 that is “control switching execution means” determines whether or not the determination result in step 104 is a determination to switch from “reverse flow prohibition control” to “reverse flow permission control”. Specifically, when the control device 40 refers to the switching flag F stored in the storage device 42 and determines that the switching flag F is 1 (determined as “YES” in step 106), the program To step 108. On the other hand, when the control device 40 determines that the switching flag F is 0 (determined as “NO” in step 106), the program is returned to step 104.

  In step 108, the control device 40 that is an “output power determination unit” determines whether or not “output power determination information” for determining the output power of the power generation device 30 is input from the operation unit 60. If the control device 40 determines that “output power determination information” has been input (“YES” in step 108), the program proceeds to step 110, and even if a predetermined time has elapsed, the “output power determination information” "Is not input (" NO "is determined in step 108), the program is advanced to step 112. When the operator operates the input unit 61 of the operation unit 60, “output power determination information” is input to the control device 40.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the control device 40 that is a “reverse flow permission control means” controls the output power of the power generation device 30 to be “constant output power”. “Control” (FIG. 7A) or “reverse power flow constant control” for controlling the output power of the power generator 30 so that the reverse power flow becomes constant. In “constant output power control”, since the output power of the power generation device 30 is controlled to be constant, the reverse flow power (surplus power) changes with the change of the total power consumption. In the “reverse power flow constant control”, since the reverse power flow (surplus power) is constant, the output power of the power generator 30 changes with the change in the total power consumption. However, in a situation where the total power consumption exceeds the generated power, the reverse power does not occur, so the value is different from the set value. The “output power determination information” includes information for selecting either “output power constant control” or “reverse power flow constant control”, and when the consumer (operator) selects “output power constant control”. Information for determining the output power of the power generation device 30 and information for determining the reverse power flow (surplus power) to be reverse flowed to the power system 200 when the consumer (operator) selects “constant reverse power flow control”. included. Thus, the consumer (operator) determines the output power of the power generation device 30 in consideration of circumstances such as the price of fossil fuel and the tightness of power demand, and reverse power flow power that causes the power system 200 to flow backward. The amount can be arbitrarily determined.

  In step 110, the control device 40 that is an “output power determination unit” determines the output power of the power generation device 30 based on the input “output power determination information”, and stores the determined value in the storage device 42. The program proceeds to step 114. Specifically, when “constant output power control” ((A) in FIG. 7) is selected, the control device 40 uses the output power input in step 108 as the output power of the power generation device 30. decide. On the other hand, when “reverse power flow constant control” ((B) in FIG. 7) is selected, the control device 40 uses the total power consumption of the load device 91 detected by the second power detection unit 85. The reverse power flow input in step 108 is added, and the output power of the power generator 30 is continuously determined in real time. However, when the sum of the load and the reverse power is greater than the generated power, the reverse power is reduced.

  In step 112, the control device 40, which is “output power determination means”, determines the preset setting value or the previous setting value as the output power of the power generation device 30, and advances the program to step 114.

  In step 114, the control device 40, which is the “control switching execution means”, switches from “reverse flow prohibition control” to “reverse flow permission control”, and generates the power generation apparatus so that the output power determined in step 110 or step 112 is obtained. 30 is controlled. Then, at step 116, the control device 40, which is the “reverse flow power amount integrating means” and the “reverse flow accumulated power amount transmission executing means”, starts the “reverse flow power amount integrating / transmitting process” shown in FIG. The program proceeds to step 118. The “reverse flow energy integration / transmission process” is to calculate the “reverse flow integrated power amount” by integrating the reverse flow energy amount from the power generator 30 to the power system 200, and to calculate the “reverse flow energy integration amount”. This is a process of transmitting to the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 via the communication device 50. This process is performed in parallel with the “control switching process” in FIG. The “reverse power flow energy accumulation / transmission process” will be described later in detail with reference to FIG.

  In step 118, the control device 40, which is a “control switching determination unit”, determines whether or not a “release request” is input from the operation unit 60 or the communication device 50. The “cancellation request” is a request for canceling “reverse flow permission control” and changing it to “reverse flow prohibition control”. This “release request” can be input to the control device 40 by either the operator or the command unit 302. The operator can cause the control device 40 to input the “release request” by operating the input unit 61 of the operation unit 60. Alternatively, the command unit 302 can cause the control device 40 to input the “release request” via the communication device 50 by transmitting the “release request” to the distributed power supply system 100. When the control device 40 determines that the “release request” has been input (“YES” in step 118), the program proceeds to step 120, while the “release request” has not been input. Is determined (“NO” is determined in step 118), the processing in step 118 is repeated.

  In step 120, the control device 40 that is “control switching execution means” switches from “reverse flow permission control” to “reverse flow prohibition control”, and advances the program to step 122. Thus, “reverse flow prohibition control” is subsequently executed until switching to “reverse flow permission control”.

  In step 122, the control device 40 transmits a notification that the switching from “reverse flow permission control” to “reverse flow prohibition control” is completed to the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 via the communication device 50. Return the program to step 104.

  In the embodiment described above, based on the “output power determination signal” input from the operation unit 60 to the control device 40 in step 108, the control device 40 that is “output power determination means” However, the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 outputs an “output power determination signal” to the distributed power supply system 100, and generates power based on the “output power determination signal” in step 110. The embodiment for determining the output power of the device 30 may be used.

  In step 110, the control device 40, which is an “output power determination unit”, does not determine the output power of the power generation device 30 based on the “output power determination signal” input in step 108, The output power of the power generator 30 may be determined based on the program. As an example of the program, a program for determining the output power of the power generator 30 as the maximum output of the power generator 30 when the selling price to the power supply source 300 is higher than the power generation cost such as the fuel cost of fossil fuel. Is included.

(Explanation of reverse flow energy accumulation and transmission processing)
The “reverse power flow energy accumulation / transmission process” started by “reverse power flow energy accumulation / transmission process start” (step 116) in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, in step 402, the control device 40, which is a “reverse flow power amount integration unit”, integrates the reverse flow power detected by the third power detection unit 86, which is a “reverse flow power detection unit”. “Integrated power” is calculated, the “reverse flow integrated power” is stored in the storage device 42, and the program proceeds to step 404. Since the “reverse flow integrated power amount” is calculated in the process of step 402, the amount of power sold to the power supply source 300 can be calculated based on this “reverse flow integrated power amount”.

  In step 404, the control device 40 determines whether or not a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes) has elapsed. If it is determined that the predetermined time has elapsed ("YES" in step 404), the control unit 40 sets the program to 408. If it is determined that the predetermined time has not elapsed ("NO" is determined in step 404), the program is advanced to 406.

  In step 406, the control device 40 determines whether or not a “transmission instruction” has been input. The “transmission instruction” is input to the control device 40 when the operator operates the input unit 61 of the operation unit 60. Alternatively, a “transmission instruction” transmitted by the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 is input to the control device 40 via the communication device 50. When the control device 40 determines that the “transmission instruction” is input (“YES” in step 406), the program proceeds to step 408, and when it is determined that the “transmission instruction” is not input. ("NO" at step 406), the program is returned to 404.

  In step 408, the control device 40, which is “reverse flow integrated power transmission execution means”, sends the communication device 50 to the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 using the “reverse flow integrated power transmission” stored in the storage device 42. And the program proceeds to step 404.

  In the case where the power generation device 30 is configured to stop power generation when the hot water storage tank 70 is full of temperature, in step 118, the control device 40 makes a “release request” by the operator. Without waiting for input, it is automatically determined that a “cancellation request” has been input. In step 120, the control device 40 stops the power generation device 30. In step 122, the control device 40 notifies the power supply source 300 through the communication device 50 that the power generation device 30 has been stopped. To the unit 302.

  In the above-described embodiment, the reverse flow integrated power amount is calculated from the reverse flow power detected by the third power detection unit 86, and the reverse flow integrated power amount is calculated via the communication device 50. Is connected to the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300, and a dedicated reverse flow energy integrating meter that can communicate with the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 is connected. The embodiment provided on the line 82 may be used.

  As is clear from the above description, in step 104 of FIG. 3, the control device 40 that is the “control switching determination unit” allows the reverse power flow received from the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 via the communication device 50. Whether or not to switch from “reverse flow prohibition control” to “reverse flow permission control” is determined based on “reverse flow request” or “reverse flow permission”. When it is determined in step 104 that the control device 40 that is the “control switching determination unit” switches, in step 114, the control device 40 that is the “control switching execution unit” performs “reverse flow prohibition control”. Is switched to “reverse flow permission control” and “reverse flow permission control” is executed. Thus, when “reverse power flow prohibition control” is performed in the distributed power supply system 100, the distributed power supply system 100 receives information indicating that reverse power flow is permitted from the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300. Then, the “reverse power flow prohibition control” performed so far is switched to “reverse power flow permission control”. In other words, only when the distributed power supply system 100 receives information indicating that reverse power flow is permitted from the power supply source 300, the power supply source 300 does not change from “reverse power flow prohibition control” to “reverse power flow permission control”. , And in turn, it can be managed whether or not the power supply source 300 causes the consumer to reversely flow. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a consumer from making a reverse flow from the distributed power supply system 100 to the power supply system 200 without permission. Therefore, when a disaster or the like occurs and a request for reverse flow occurs, the power supplier manages whether or not the reverse flow is made by the consumer, while surplus power from the distributed power system is transferred to the power system. It is possible to provide a distributed power supply system that generates electric power using fossil fuel that can be reversely flowed.

  Further, in the “first control switching determination process” shown in FIG. 4 described above, the control device 40 that is the “control switching determination unit”, in step 202, receives a “reverse power flow request from the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300. ”Is received via the communication device 50, when the input of“ reverse power flow permission ”by the consumer is detected in step 204,“ reverse power flow prohibition control ”is switched to“ reverse power flow permission control ”in step 206. Is determined. Therefore, when the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 transmits a “reverse power flow request” to the customer's distributed power supply system 100 in advance, when the consumer (operator) permits the reverse power flow, Switching from "prohibition control" to "reverse flow permission control" executes "reverse flow permission control". For this reason, while the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 manages whether or not to reverse flow from the distributed power supply system 100 to the power system 200, the consumer can also manage whether or not to reverse flow.

  Further, in the “second control switching determination process” shown in FIG. 5 described above, when the control device 40 that is the “control switching determination unit” detects the input of the “reverse power flow request” by the consumer in step 302, In step 304, the “reverse power flow request” input by the consumer is transmitted to the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 via the communication device 50. Thereafter, when the control device 40 receives “reverse power flow permission” for the “reverse power flow request” from the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 in step 306 via the communication device 50, in step 308, “reverse power flow inhibition control”. ”To“ reverse power flow permission control ”. Therefore, when the consumer (operator) transmits a “reverse power flow request” to the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 in advance, when the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 permits the reverse power flow, Switching from "prohibition control" to "reverse flow permission control" executes "reverse flow permission control". For this reason, while the command unit 302 of the power supply source 300 manages whether or not to reverse flow from the distributed power supply system 100 to the power system 200, the consumer can also manage whether or not to reverse flow.

  Further, in the “control switching process” shown in FIG. 3 described above, in step 118, the control device 40, which is the “control switching determination unit”, detects the “release request” by the consumer, or the communication device 50. When the “release request” received from the power supply source 300 is detected, it is determined to switch from “reverse flow permission control” to “reverse flow prohibition control”. In step 120, the control device 40, which is a “control switching execution unit”, switches from “reverse power flow permission control” to “reverse power flow control” and executes “reverse power flow control”. As a result, when the power supply source 300 does not want the power system 200 to reverse the surplus power, for example, when an excessive reverse power flow current flows into the power system 200 and the power system 200 may become unstable. The power supply source 300 can switch from “reverse flow permission control” to “reverse flow permission control”. In addition, when the consumer does not want to reverse the surplus power to the power system 200, for example, when the fuel soars and the fuel cost becomes higher than the selling price, It is possible to switch from “permission control” to “reverse flow prohibition control”.

  In the “reverse power flow amount integration / transmission process” shown in FIG. 6 described above, in step 402, the control device 40, which is the “reverse power flow power integration means”, is the “reverse power flow power detection means”. The reverse power flow detected by the three power detector 86 is integrated to calculate the “reverse power integrated power amount”. Accordingly, the amount of power sold to the power supply source 300 can be calculated based on the “reverse flow integrated power amount”.

  Further, in the “reverse flow energy integration / transmission process” shown in FIG. 6 described above, in step 408, the control device 40, which is the “reverse flow accumulation power transmission execution means”, sets “reverse flow accumulation energy”. The data is transmitted to the power supply source 300 via the communication device 50. Therefore, the integrated “reverse flow integrated power amount” is automatically transmitted to the power supply source 300. For this reason, the power supply source 300 can also calculate the amount of power sold without performing the meter reading operation.

  Further, in the “control switching process” shown in FIG. 3 described above, in step 110, the control device 40 that is the “output power determining means” determines the output power of the power generation device 30 in the “reverse power flow permission control”. Accordingly, the output power of the power generation apparatus 30 can be determined in consideration of circumstances such as the price of fossil fuel and the tightness of power demand, and the reverse power flow amount to be reverse flowed to the power system 200 can be determined.

  In the “control switching process” shown in FIG. 3 described above, in step 108, the operator operates the input unit 61, which is an “input unit”, to determine “output power of the power generation apparatus 30”. The “output power determination information” can be input to the control device 40 which is “output power determination means”. Thereby, the consumer can arbitrarily determine the output power of the power generation device 30 and can arbitrarily determine the amount of reverse power flow to be reversely flowed to the power system 200.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Air supply apparatus, 14 ... Fuel supply apparatus, 15 ... Water supply apparatus, 16 ... Air supply apparatus, 19 ... Fuel supply apparatus, 30 ... Electric power generation apparatus, 40 ... Control apparatus (reverse power flow prohibition control means, reverse power flow permission control) Means, control switching determination means, control switching execution means, reverse power flow amount integration means, reverse power integration power amount transmission execution means), 50 ... communication device, 61 ... input unit (input means), 71 ... hot water circulation circuit, 72 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Cooling water circulation circuit, 73 ... Heat exchanger, 81 ... Power supply line, 82 ... Connection line, 83 ... Connection part, 84 ... 1st power detection part, 85 ... 2nd power detection part, 86 ... 3rd power detection part (Reverse power flow detection means) 91 ... Load device 100 ... Distributed power supply system 200 ... Power system (commercial power supply) 300 ... Power supply source

Claims (8)

A distributed power supply system that supplies power to a load device of a consumer connected to an electric power system,
A power generation device that supplies the load device with electric power generated using fossil fuel;
A control device for controlling the output of the power generation device;
A communication device that communicates with a power supply source that supplies power to the power system,
The controller is
Reverse power flow prohibition control means for causing the power generator to generate output power in a range not exceeding the power consumption of the load device, and executing reverse power flow prohibition control for prohibiting reverse power flow to the power system;
Reverse power flow that performs reverse power flow permission control that allows the power generation device to generate output power that exceeds power consumption of the load device, and allows reverse power flow to the power system of surplus power obtained by removing the power consumption from the output power Permission control means;
Control switching determination means for determining whether to switch from the reverse power flow prohibition control to the reverse power flow permission control, based on information indicating that reverse power flow received from the power supply source via the communication device is permitted.
A distributed power supply system comprising control switching execution means for switching from the reverse power flow prohibition control to the reverse power flow permission control and executing the reverse power flow permission control when the control switch determination means determines to switch. In claim 1,
When the control switching determination unit detects a reverse power flow permission input by the consumer when receiving a reverse power flow request from the power supply source via the communication device, the control power switching determination unit performs the reverse power flow control from the reverse power flow prohibition control. A distributed power system that determines to switch to permission control. In claim 1,
The control switching determination means is
Upon detecting an input of a reverse power flow request by the consumer, a reverse power flow request input by the consumer is transmitted to the power supply source via the communication device,
A distributed power supply system that determines to switch from the reverse power flow prohibition control to the reverse power flow permission control when receiving a reverse power flow permission from the power supply source via the communication device in response to a reverse power flow request received from the consumer. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The control switching determination means detects the reverse flow permission control from the reverse flow permission control when detecting a cancellation request by the consumer or when detecting a cancellation request by the power supply source received via the communication device. A function for determining to switch to tidal current prohibition control is further provided.
The distributed power supply system, wherein the control switching execution unit further includes a function of switching from the reverse flow permission control to the reverse flow prohibition control based on a determination result of the control switching determination unit. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
Reverse power flow detection means for detecting reverse power flow from the power generator to the power system;
A distributed power supply system comprising reverse flow power amount integrating means for calculating reverse flow integrated power amount by integrating reverse flow power amounts detected by the reverse flow power detecting means. In claim 5,
A distributed power supply system comprising reverse flow integrated power amount transmission execution means for transmitting the reverse flow integrated power amount integrated by the reverse flow power amount integrating means to the power supply source via the communication device. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
The control device is a distributed power supply system including output power determination means for determining output power of the power generation device in the reverse power flow permission control. In claim 7,
A distributed power supply system comprising input means for determining the output power.

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