JP2013184890A - Agent for controlling meloidogyne - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve an economical controlling agent having safety or the like on humans and animals, and the environment, hardly having risk of damaging the soil ecosystem, and exhibiting rapid and high controlling effects against Meloidogyne in soil environments of various pH's, and to provide a method for controlling the Meloidogyne.SOLUTION: There are provided an agent for controlling Meloidogyne containing an extract of Bidens pilosa and pyroligneous acid, or further containing an extract of fruits of Terminalia chebula added thereto as active ingredients, and a controlling method using the agent.

Description

The present invention relates to a root-knot nematode control agent and belongs to the field of pest control technology for cultivated crops.

In recent years, damage caused by parasitic nematodes on cultivated crops has become a problem. This problem is particularly noticeable when a particular crop is continuously cropped, and as a result of the high density of nematodes that are highly parasitic on the crop, the growth of the crop is hindered and the yield is reduced. Cause damage.

In particular, root-knot nematodes have a wide host range, range of habitats, invade the roots of crops, grow with nourishment of tissue cells, and lower the function by forming root-like tissues into a hump shape, which is a major problem both at home and abroad. It has become. In addition, it is parasitic on a large number of plants. Tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, Brassicaceae, spinach, garlic, leeks, ginger, legumes, and flowering plants are asteraceae, aster, gerbera, dahlia, carnation, stock. , Narcissus, sweet pea, peony, gladiolus, celosia, gentian, flowering trees, peaches, willows, red peppers, nanten, ume, sakura, rose, camellia, sasanqua, clematis, etc.

As countermeasures, coarse organic matter such as compost has been used in the past, but this method has a high inhibitory effect against harmful nematodes, but it is necessary to use a large amount, so that the labor burden is high, and there is a problem with crop abnormalities. There are drawbacks such as growth and the spread of pathogenic bacteria in the soil.

There is also a method of planting plants containing chemical substances that suppress the growth of nematodes in soil, such as marigold, crotalaria, and guineagrass, together with cultivated crops. There is a difficulty in restricting the planting area.

Furthermore, soil disinfection using pesticides for fumigation before sowing or planting is low in cost and is currently the most widely used control method, and is effective in removing nematodes in soil. Has a concern that the safety to human livestock is impaired, and has a great impact on the soil ecosystem, such as killing useful microorganisms. Furthermore, it is known that after treatment, normalization of damage, in which the target disease or other diseases increase, is often induced after the treatment, as called resurgence (induced multiple occurrence).

In addition, as a physical control method, disinfection using solar heat in the house and reductive disinfection with a large amount of irrigation and heat are effective, but this method requires large-scale equipment and is costly and labor intensive. Is expensive.

And all of these countermeasures are preventive, and once they are parasitized during planting, it is extremely difficult to eliminate them and restore the soil, and to prevent further contamination. Is the actual situation.

In order to deal with such a situation, Patent Document 1 discloses a natural product-derived control agent effective for root-knot nematodes, and extracts of Asteraceae plants such as Acacia dungosa, Himejoon, Oarechinogiku, Seizou Awadachiso, and the like. It is described that it has a controlling effect against root-knot nematodes. Patent Document 2 describes a nematode control agent and a soil activator containing, as active ingredients, plant essential oil and components of essential oil, plant reflux liquid such as wood vinegar, boric acid or a salt thereof, and tannin. .

In addition, the present applicant has already filed an application for an invention of a nematode control agent comprising an extract of Terminaria / Chebra fruit as an active ingredient (Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-104049).

Japanese Patent No. 4528982 JP 2003-171217 A

As described in Examples 2 and 3, the one described in Patent Document 1 is obtained by using, as a stock solution, a boiled water extract of Awayusendangusa obtained by the production method shown in Example 2. If the stock solution of the product is diluted 10 times, diluted 20 times, or diluted 50 times as it is, it will exert its control effect such as directly stopping (immobilizing) or killing root-knot nematodes. However, when actually used in a field, an enormous amount of raw material is required if the stock solution is used as it is. Therefore, in consideration of practicality and economy, it is necessary to dilute and use the extract at least 10 times or more. However, when the dilution rate is increased, the content of the active ingredient is decreased, and it is considered that it takes a long time until the control effect appears.

Moreover, in Example 3, although the root-knot nematode is added to the extract of various concentrations and the immobilization is determined from the state after 7 days, in the field environment where the root-knot nematode exists at a certain density in the soil, Since the probability of root-knot nematodes coming into contact with the roots of the plant is markedly increased, it is considered necessary to exert an immobilization effect in a shorter time.

Therefore, the inventors measured the immobilization rate 2 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours after addition of root-knot nematodes to the boiled water extract of Awayusendangusa set to various concentrations. As a result, the stock solution was almost 100% immobilized after 2 hours, whereas the extract diluted 10-fold with water was hardly immobilized even after 2 hours. Further, the extract diluted 20 times or more with water was hardly immobilized even after 6 hours. In other words, if the amount of Ayuyukisendangusa extract used is reduced in consideration of economic efficiency, it takes a long time to immobilize, so that there is an increased possibility that root-knot nematodes enter the crop roots. It was revealed that the control effect against root-knot nematodes was lowered and a satisfactory control effect could not be obtained in an actual field.

Moreover, although the thing of patent document 2 is processing the control agent which consists of a wood vinegar solution in the artificial culture soil for pots contaminated with the nematode in Example 3, for example by the mixing method and the irrigation method, The number of nematodes was 0.94 and 0.83 in the control example, respectively, and decreased to 0.37 and 0.55, respectively, which corresponds to about 39% and about 66% of the control example. Therefore, the control effect in both treatment methods is about 61% and about 34%, respectively, and the control effect is not necessarily high. Further, as shown in Table 3, in the case of the 2 wt% addition condition, the control example is 2.02, whereas it is reduced to 0.18, which is about 9% of the control example. Therefore, although its control effect is as high as about 91%, there is a possibility of adverse effects on the crop, such as a decrease in germination ability of the crop under the addition of 2% by weight, in terms of control effect and impact on the crop, It is not always satisfactory.

In addition, after adding samples of various concentrations to a potted artificial soil with a high density of parasitic nematodes, leave them at room temperature for 3 weeks, and then measure the density of the parasitic nematodes that survive per 1 ml of soil using the Beerman method. However, in the field environment where root-knot nematodes are present at a certain density in the soil, the probability that root-knot nematodes come into contact with the roots of the plant increases markedly, so that they can be immobilized in a shorter period of time. It is considered necessary to demonstrate the effects of.

In addition, it is known that the soil in nature or in the field exhibits various pH values from acidic to alkaline, and is known to be stabilized by its buffering action. Since the control effect on root-knot nematode was remarkably lowered particularly in an alkaline soil environment, it was revealed that the liquid may not have a satisfactory control effect in actual fields.

As described above, it can be said that the nematode control agents reported so far do not show satisfactory effects for farmers who have to stably supply commercial crops. In other words, it is not only safe for humans and crops, but also as economical as possible, excellent in ease of implementation, etc., without impeding plant growth, and promptly against nematodes even in soil environments with as diverse a pH as possible. Therefore, realization of a control agent capable of exhibiting a good control effect is desired.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. First, the invention according to claim 1 is a nematode control agent for controlling root-knot nematodes, which is an extract of Amaranthus japonica It is characterized by using wood vinegar as an active ingredient.

Here, Ayuyukisendangusa (Bidens pilosa ver.radiata Scherff) is a dominant weed with a strong fertility in the subtropical region among the Asteraceae Sendangusa genus plants, and because it has a large amount of resources, it is easy to cultivate and obtain, There is also a food history and it is highly safe. In addition, the method for preparing the extract is not particularly limited, and for example, a general plant component extraction method such as an immersion extraction method, a shake extraction method, a Soxhlet extraction method, or a steam distillation method may be used. it can.

Moreover, Awayukisendangusa may be in a raw state or a dry state, and the whole plant excluding the roots can be used. The extraction solvent is not only water, but also lower alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, hydrophilic organic solvents such as acetonitrile and ethyl acetate, and ethers such as ethyl ether and isopropyl ether, Hydrophobic organic solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, and halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride and chloroform, and mixed solvents of these, and organic solvents other than water and ethanol Is preferably distilled off completely after extraction.

Further, after extraction, it can be purified by a column fractionation method or a solvent fractionation method, if necessary. Further, if necessary, the solvent can be distilled off for concentration and drying.

Wood vinegar is a carbonized solution obtained when carbonizing hardwood and coniferous wood, and is a by-product obtained using smoke generated when carbonizing wood. About 90% is moisture, but about 5% is composed of about 200 kinds of components such as organic acids mainly composed of acetic acid, and about 5% is phenols and alcohols. However, depending on the dry distillation conditions and the fraction to be collected, the components may vary greatly, and harmful components may be included. Therefore, condensation occurs by cooling the 80 ° C to 150 ° C region of the dry distillation smoke tower. It is desirable to collect and use only the water-soluble components of the intermediate layer from which the liquid portion is recovered and stored for 3 months, after which the precipitation layer made of tar, resins, etc. and the upper layer made of terpene oil, etc. are removed.

In other words, by using a control agent composed of Ayuyukisendansa extract and wood vinegar solution, it is highly safe for humans and crops, economically, and more quickly for controlling root-knot nematodes in a wider pH soil environment. An effect is produced and these problems can be solved.

In addition, when applying this control agent, in order to effectively apply it to the soil and plant underground, it is formulated as a powder or granule by drying the liquid or solvent, or by supporting it on a carrier. It can be used by mixing with soil, or by dissolving and diluting in water or a mixed solvent of water and hydrophilic organic solvent, and adjusting the concentration according to the purpose. it can.

If necessary, other disease control components, spreading agents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, preservatives, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, pigments and other additives can be added.

The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that in the nematode control agent described in claim 1, an extract of Terminaria / Chevra fruit is included as an active ingredient.

Here, Terminaria chebra is also called mirabolan, miraboram, milobaran, kariroku, etc., and is a deciduous tree of the ciraceae family in India, Nepal and Myanmar. In addition, the dried extract obtained by extracting the fruit with various hydrophilic solvents such as hot water or alcohol and then distilling off the solvent contains a large amount of tannin, so that it can be used for tanning in the leather industry. However, the inventors have previously found that this extract of Terminaria chebra fruit has a controlling effect against root-knot nematodes and / or root-knot nematodes.

In other words, in addition to the control agent composed of Ayuyukisendansa extract and wood vinegar solution, it contains a Terminaria and Chebra fruit extract, which is highly safe for humans and crops, economically, and of any pH. In the soil environment, the effect of controlling against root-knot nematodes can be achieved more rapidly.

In addition, when applying this control agent, in order to effectively apply it to the soil and plant underground, it is formulated as a powder or granule by drying the liquid or solvent, or by supporting it on a carrier. It can be used by mixing with soil, or by dissolving and diluting in water or a mixed solvent of water and hydrophilic organic solvent, and adjusting the concentration according to the purpose. it can.

If necessary, other disease control components, spreading agents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, preservatives, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, pigments and other additives can be added.

The invention according to claim 3 is the nematode control agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extract of Ayuyusendangusa is water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or water and a hydrophilic organic solvent as a solvent. It is extracted using a liquid mixture.

The invention according to claim 4 is the nematode control agent according to claim 2, wherein the extract of the Terminaria chebra fruit is water, a hydrophilic organic solvent, or a mixture of water and a hydrophilic organic solvent. It is extracted using a liquid.

Here, the solvent used when obtaining the extract is preferably water in consideration of safety, versatility, and economy, but in addition to water-soluble alcohols such as ethanol and methanol which are hydrophilic organic solvents, acetone, Dimethyl sulfoxide or the like can also be used, and a plurality of these may be mixed.

The obtained extract may be used in a state of being dissolved in various solvents, but the solvent may be distilled off, dried and used in the form of solid or powder, water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or By dissolving and diluting with a mixed solution of water and a hydrophilic organic solvent, it can be used by adjusting the concentration according to the purpose.

The invention according to claim 5 is the nematode control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the concentration of the extract of Ayuyusendangusa is 10% or less and 2.5% or more. It is characterized by being.

That is, when the concentration of the extract of Ayuyukisendanusa exceeds 10%, a large amount of raw material is required when actually used in a field, and thus the practicality becomes poor economically. On the other hand, if it is less than 2.5%, the nematode control effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited in an actual field environment.

The invention according to claim 6 is the nematode control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the concentration of the wood vinegar is 1% or less and 0.5% or more. And

That is, when the concentration of the wood vinegar exceeds 2%, growth may be inhibited depending on the type of plant. On the other hand, when the content is lower than 0.5%, the nematode control effect cannot be exhibited sufficiently particularly under alkaline soil conditions.

The invention according to claim 7 is the nematode control agent according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the concentration of the extract of the Terminaria chebra fruit is less than 2% and 0.4% or more. And

That is, if the concentration of the extract of Terminaria / Chevra fruit is 2% or more, there is a possibility that growth may be inhibited depending on the kind of plant. On the other hand, if it is lower than 0.4%, the nematode control effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

The invention described in claim 8 is a nematode control method for controlling root-knot nematodes, wherein the control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used.

According to the nematode control agent and the nematode control method using the nematode control agent according to the present invention, the extract of Ayuyukisendangusa and the wood vinegar solution, or the control agent obtained by adding an extract of the terminaria / chebra fruit to these are both root-knot nematodes To prevent or reduce crop damage caused by root-knot nematode infestation.

In addition, all of these control agents are made from plants, have no impact on human livestock and the environment, and do not damage the soil ecosystem.

Moreover, since this control agent has little influence with respect to a plant, it can process even after parasitic damage of a root-knot nematode is recognized with respect to a crop, and can reduce the damage by a root-knot nematode.

It is a photograph which shows the immobilization state of root-knot nematode at the time of processing with the control agent comprised from the extract of Awayukisendangusa and wood vinegar. It is a photograph which shows the immobilization state of root-knot nematode at the time of processing with the control agent comprised from the extract of Awayukisendangusa, wood vinegar, and the extract of Terminaria chebra fruit. It is a photograph which shows the survival state of a root-knot nematode.

The control agent of the present invention is used as it is or after being dissolved and diluted with water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or a mixture of water and a hydrophilic organic solvent, and then sprayed and mixed in the soil, or placed on the soil surface or in the soil. Or it can be used by irrigating the roots of plant seedlings.

Examples of the present invention will be described below.

The extract of Ayuyukisendanusa according to the present invention was produced as follows.

1. Manufacture of Ayuyukisendansa extract (1) Seeds collected from Awayusendangusa growing on the campus of the University of the Ryukyus are sown in cell pots filled with soil one by one and grown to seedlings and then planted in the field After cultivation until the flowering period, whole plants other than the roots were collected.
(2) The whole plant was dried at 70 ° C. for about 12 hours with a flat dryer, and then pulverized to about 0.5 cm to 2.5 cm with a pulverizer to obtain a dry pulverized product.
(3) Put 4 kg of dry pulverized product in a non-woven bag, add 20 L of water, heat and hold at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, then squeeze and extract the dry pulverized product in the extraction tank. A product (stock solution) was obtained.

In addition, a dried powder of hot water extract (Mirabo Lantern manufactured by Kawamura Tsusho Co., Ltd.) was used as the extract of Terminaria chebra fruit according to the present invention.

Moreover, the wood vinegar liquid (made by Minabe River forest association) obtained in the process which manufactures Kishu Bincho charcoal from a basking megawood log was used for the wood vinegar liquid which concerns on this invention.

2. Preparation of nematode for test The root-knot nematode damaged root of cherry tomato was collected, washed thoroughly with water, and the eggplant adhering to the damaged root was extracted with a medical scalpel. The extracted eggplant was placed on a Kimwipe moistened with water, placed in a petri dish with a small amount of water, and allowed to stand at room temperature in the dark. Every few days, the nematodes separated into the water in the petri dish were transferred to a Erlenmeyer flask as a nematode suspension with a Pasteur pipette and capped with parafilm or the like. This nematode suspension was refrigerated and stored at 15 ° C. in a dark room and used for experiments within 2 weeks.

3. Density adjustment of test nematode suspension (1) Place nematode suspension stored at 15 ° C. in an Erlenmeyer flask into a centrifuge tube using a Pasteur pipette and 3000 rpm using a centrifuge. Centrifugation was performed for 3 minutes under the conditions to precipitate nematodes.
(2) The supernatant was removed using a Pasteur pipette to obtain a high density suspension of nematodes.
(3) After this high-density suspension was thoroughly stirred with a touch mixer, 0.1 ml was collected using a pipetman and spread on a preparation.
(4) While observing with an optical microscope (40 times), all nematodes on the slide were counted using a counter, and the nematode density per 0.1 ml of the high-density suspension was determined.
(5) If necessary, distilled water or high density nematode suspension was added to prepare a nematode suspension having a nematode density of 130 to 140 per 0.1 ml.

4). From nematode control (immobilization) test sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), respectively A pH 7.8 alkaline buffer and a pH 5.8 acidic buffer were prepared. Distilled water was used as neutral conditions.
(2) As a control agent according to Example 1, 0.5 ml of the extract (stock solution) of Ayuyukisendansa and 0.025 ml of pyroligneous acid solution are weighed and put into a test tube, and distilled water or an alkaline buffer solution is added here. Alternatively, 3.975 ml of acidic buffer solution was added and stirred and dissolved, and these were dissolved in Example 1a (neutral conditions), Example 1i (alkali conditions), and Example 1-U (acidic conditions), respectively. It was.
(3) Further, as a control agent according to Example 2, 0.5 ml of the extract (stock solution) of Ayuyusendangusa, 0.025 ml of wood vinegar, and 0.05 g of the extract of Terminaria chebra fruit were weighed. Place in a test tube, add 3.975 ml each of distilled water, alkaline buffer solution or acidic buffer solution and stir and dissolve them. These were dissolved in Example 2-a (neutral conditions) and Example 2-i, respectively. (Alkaline conditions) and Example 2-U (acidic conditions).
(4) Further, as a control agent according to Example 3, 0.5 ml of the extract (stock solution) of Ayuyusendangusa, 0.025 ml of wood vinegar, and 0.02 g of the extract of Terminaria chebra fruit were weighed. Place in a test tube, add 3.975 ml each of distilled water, alkaline buffer solution or acidic buffer solution, stir and dissolve them, and add them to Example 3-a (neutral conditions) and Example 3-i, respectively. (Alkaline conditions) and Example 3-U (acidic conditions).
(5) On the other hand, as an examination only for the extract of Ayuyusendangusa, 0.5 ml in Comparative Example 1, 0.125 ml in Comparative Example 2, and 0.1 ml of Ayuyusendangususa extract (stock solution) in Comparative Example 3 Weigh and place in a test tube, and add distilled water, alkaline buffer solution, or acidic buffer solution in Comparative Example 1 to 4 ml, Comparative Example 2 to 4.375 ml, and Comparative Example 3 to 4.4 ml, respectively. These were dissolved and used as Comparative Example 1-a (neutral conditions), Comparative Example 1-i (alkali-made conditions), Comparative Example 1-U (acidic conditions), and the like. In Comparative Example 3, only Comparative Example 3-a under neutral conditions was examined.
(6) In addition, as a study of only the wood vinegar solution, 0.025 ml of Comparative Example 4 and 0.017 ml of Wood Vinegar Solution in Comparative Example 5 are weighed and placed in a test tube, and distilled water or an alkaline buffer solution or The acidic buffer was added to 4.475 ml in Comparative Example 4 and 4.483 ml in Comparative Example 5 and stirred and dissolved, and these were dissolved in Comparative Example 4-a (neutral conditions) and Comparative Example 4-i (manufactured by alkali, respectively). Conditions) and Comparative Example 4-c (acidic conditions).
(7) In addition, as an examination of only the extract of the terminaria / chebra fruit, 0.05 g in Comparative Example 6 and 0.02 g of the extract of Terminaria / chebra fruit as Comparative Example 7 were weighed and put in a test tube, To this, 4.5 ml of distilled water, alkaline buffer solution or acidic buffer solution was added, stirred and dissolved, respectively, and these were compared with Comparative Example 6-a (neutral conditions) and Comparative Example 6-i (alkaline conditions), respectively. Comparative Example 6-U (acidic conditions) was used.
(8) Further, as Comparative Example 8, 4.5 ml of distilled water, alkaline buffer solution, or acidic buffer solution was added, respectively, and these were added to Comparative Example 8-a (neutral conditions) and Comparative Example 8-i ( Alkaline conditions), Comparative Example 8-U (acidic conditions), and the like. (Control study)
(9) Add 0.5 ml of the above density-adjusted nematode suspension to each test tube using a pipetman and stir well with a touch mixer. The total liquid volume is 5.0 ml. Was prepared from 130 to 140 test liquids. Each test solution was covered with parafilm and allowed to stand at 25 ° C. under light shielding conditions.
(10) Each test solution was stirred with a touch mixer 2 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours after adding the nematode, and 0.3 ml was spread on a slide using a pipetman, and an optical microscope (40 times) The number of moving (surviving) nematodes and non-moving (immobilized) nematodes were counted, and the proportion of immobile nematodes among all nematodes (immobilization rate) was determined. In addition, this operation was repeated twice in one measurement, and the average value was made into the immobilization rate of each test liquid.

5. Test results The control (immobilization) test results for root-knot nematodes are as shown in Table 1.

Regarding the control effect on root-knot nematodes in Example 1, the immobilization rates of neutral condition a and acid condition c were relatively high at about 76% and about 96%, respectively, 2 hours after the start of the test. In addition, the immobilization rate gradually increased to 14% after 2 hours and 30% after 6 hours to 100% after 24 hours. From this, by using a control agent composed of 10% Ayuyukisendansa extract and 0.5% wood vinegar solution, the immobilization effect is somewhat low in an alkaline soil environment, but neutral and acidic In the soil environment, it was shown that many root-knot nematodes were immobilized 2 hours after the treatment with the control agent, and parasitic infestation to crop roots could be effectively suppressed. In addition, the root-knot nematode after the treatment was reshaped as shown in FIG. 1, and some of the bubbles were generated in the protoplasm.

In Example 2, the immobilization rates were high at about 89% and about 91%, respectively, 2 hours after the start of the test in neutral conditions a and acidic conditions c. In addition, although the immobilization rate was as low as about 18% after 2 hours, the alkaline condition a improved to about 83% after 6 hours. From this, in addition to 10% Ayuyukisendansa extract and 0.5% wood vinegar solution, by using a control agent composed of 1% of Terminaria chebra fruit extract under neutral and acidic soil environment Shows that root-knot nematode is immobilized at a high rate 2 hours after treatment with the control agent and 6 hours even in an alkaline soil environment, and it is shown that parasitic infestation to crop roots can be more effectively suppressed. It was. Moreover, as for all the root-knot nematodes after a process, as shown in FIG. 2, the form deform | transformed and the protoplasm contracted.

In Example 3, the neutralization rate was as high as about 92% after 2 hours from the start of the test in the neutral condition a. In addition, the acid condition c also increased to about 63% after 2 hours, 67% after 6 hours, and 89% after 24 hours. In addition, the immobilization rate gradually increased to 22% after 2 hours and 55% after 6 hours, and almost 90% after 24 hours. From this, neutral and acidic soil can be obtained by using a control agent composed of 10% extract of Ayuyukisendansa and 0.5% pyroligneous acid solution and 0.4% extract of Terminaria chebra fruit. In the environment, it was shown that at least half of root-knot nematodes were immobilized after 2 hours from the treatment with the control agent and after 6 hours in the alkaline soil environment, and parasitic on the roots of the crop could be suppressed. . Moreover, as for all the root-knot nematodes after a process, as shown in FIG. 2, the form deform | transformed and the protoplasm contracted.

On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, in the neutral condition a and the acid condition c, the immobilization rate after 2 hours from the start of the test was low at about 3% and 15%, and after 6 hours, 100% and about 97%, respectively. Improved. However, the immobilization rate under alkaline conditions was about 6% after 2 hours and about 8% after 6 hours, and improved to about 93% after 24 hours. From this, in the control agent which consists only of 10% of Ayuyukisendanusa extract, neutral, acidic, alkaline, in any soil environment having any pH, until 2 hours after processing the control agent The immobilization rate was very low, indicating that root-knot nematodes are highly likely to infest plant roots.

In Comparative Example 2, in the neutral condition a, the alkaline condition b, and the acidic condition c, none of the samples was immobilized at 2 hours and 6 hours after the start of the test, and about 90% after 24 hours. As a result, the immobilization rate was improved. From this fact, the control agent composed of only 2.5% of the extract of Awayukisendangusa has an immobilization rate of up to 6 hours even in a soil environment having any pH of neutral, acidic and alkaline. It was very low, indicating that root-knot nematodes are very likely to infest plant roots.

Moreover, in Comparative Example 3, although it was an examination only under neutral conditions, it was hardly immobilized until 24 hours after the start of the test. Therefore, the control agent composed of only 2% of the extract of Ayuyukisendanusa hardly exhibits an immobilization effect until 24 hours later at least in a neutral soil environment, and the root-knot nematode is parasitic on the root of the plant. It was shown that the possibility to do is very high.

In Comparative Example 4, the immobilization rates were 100% and about 98%, respectively, very high 2 hours after the start of the test in neutral condition a and acid condition c. However, the alkaline condition (a) was immobilized only about 16% even after 24 hours. From this, in the control agent comprised only from 0.5% of wood vinegar liquid, in neutral and acidic soil environment, there exists a high control effect in 2 hours after processing a control agent, but especially alkaline In the soil environment, the immobilization rate until 24 hours later was low, indicating that the root-knot nematode is likely to infest the roots of the plant.

Further, in Comparative Example 5, in the neutral condition a, the immobilization was 100% 2 hours after the start of the test, and the acidic condition c was about 58% after 2 hours. However, the alkaline condition b only immobilized about 15% even after 24 hours. Therefore, in the control agent composed only of 0.3% of the wood vinegar solution, in a neutral soil environment, it exhibits a high control effect 2 hours after the treatment with the control agent, and is in an acidic soil environment. In addition, more than half of the root-knot nematodes become immobile in 2 hours after treatment with the control agent, and it can be said that the control effect is obtained. However, especially in an alkaline soil environment, the immobilization rate up to 24 hours is low, It was shown that there is a high possibility of infesting the roots of plants.

In Comparative Example 6, the immobilization rate gradually improved to about 45% 2 hours after the start of the test, about 70% after 6 hours, and 97% after 24 hours in the neutral condition. However, the immobilization rate under alkaline conditions was low at about 24% after 2 hours and 6 hours, and improved to about 71% after 24 hours. In addition, the acidic condition of U only moved about 38% even in 24 hours. Therefore, in the control agent composed of only 1% of the extract of Terminaria chebra fruit, about half of the root-knot nematodes are immobilized in the neutral soil environment after 2 hours of treatment with the control agent. However, the immobilization rate is low for up to 6 hours in an alkaline soil environment and up to 24 hours in an acidic soil environment, and root-knot nematodes are parasitic on the roots of plants. It was shown that there is a high probability of doing. However, the shape of the root-knot nematode after the treatment was changed in the same manner as in the case of treatment with the control agent composed of the extract of Ayuyukisendangusa and the extract of wood vinegar and the terminaria / chebra fruit in Examples 2 and 3. However, since the protoplasm was contracted, it was suggested that the immobilizing effect of this control agent was due to the effect of the extract of the Terminaria chebra fruit.

In Comparative Example 7, in the neutral condition (a), about 48% was immobilized 2 hours after the start of the test, and the immobilization rate was gradually improved to 77% after 24 hours. However, the immobilization rate under alkaline conditions was about 12% and about 19% after 2 hours and 6 hours, respectively, and the immobilization rate was low, and improved to about 50% after 24 hours. Moreover, the acidic condition c was not immobilized until 24 hours. Therefore, in the control agent composed of only 0.4% of the extract of Terminaria / Chebra fruit, about half of the root-knot nematodes are immobilized in the neutral soil environment 2 hours after the treatment with the control agent. It can be said that there is a certain degree of control effect, but in an alkaline soil environment, the immobilization rate up to 6 hours is very low, and even in an acidic soil environment, it is not immobilized until 24 hours, It is very likely that root-knot nematodes infest the roots of plants. However, the shape of the root-knot nematode after the treatment was changed in the same manner as in the case of treatment with the control agent composed of the extract of Ayuyukisendangusa and the extract of wood vinegar and the terminaria / chebra fruit in Examples 2 and 3. However, since the protoplasm was contracted, it was suggested that the immobilizing effect of this control agent was due to the effect of the extract of the Terminaria chebra fruit.

Further, in Comparative Example 8, almost none was immobilized in the neutral condition a, the alkaline condition b, and the acidic condition c. From this, it was shown that there was no abnormality in the activity of the root-knot nematode used, and there was almost no influence on the root-knot nematode of distilled water and phosphate buffer itself.

That is, from this example, the root-knot nematode more rapidly in a soil environment having a variety of pH than the control agent composed of the extract of Ayuyukisendangusa and wood vinegar as active ingredients, respectively. Can be said to be controllable.

In addition, it is possible to control root-knot nematodes more quickly even in soil environments having any pH by using a control agent comprising an extract of Ayuyukisendangusa, an extract of wood vinegar and a extract of Terminaria / Chevra as active ingredients. I can say that.

In addition, in the control agent of the present invention, the concentration of the extract of Ayuyukisendanusa that constitutes the control agent is preferably 10% or less in consideration of economy, and it has a quick control effect on root-knot nematodes and soil at various pHs. Considering the adaptability to the environment, it can be said that 2.5% or more is desirable.

Further, the concentration of the wood vinegar is preferably 1% or less in consideration of the adverse effect on the plant body, and in consideration of the rapid control effect against root-knot nematodes and the adaptability to the soil environment at various pHs, the concentration is 0. It can be said that it is desirable to be 5% or more.

In addition, considering the adverse effects on the plant body, it is desirable that the concentration of the extract of Terminaria / Chevra fruit is less than 2%, and it has a rapid control effect against root-knot nematodes and adaptability to soil environment at various pHs. Considering it, it can be said that 0.4% or more is desirable.

The control agent according to the present invention is excellent in safety for the environment and human livestock, and can be implemented at low cost, and it is quick and high for root-knot nematodes in a soil environment having a wide pH range without inhibiting plant growth. Since it exhibits a control effect, it may be suitably used in the agricultural production industry.

Claims (8)

A nematode control agent for controlling root-knot nematodes, comprising an extract of Ayuyukisendangusa and wood vinegar as active ingredients. 2. The nematode control agent according to claim 1, comprising an extract of Terminaria chebra fruit as an active ingredient. 3. The nematode control agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extract of Ayuyusendangusa is extracted using water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or a mixture of water and a hydrophilic organic solvent as a solvent. A nematode control agent characterized by the above. The nematode control agent according to claim 2, wherein the extract of the terminaria / chebra fruit is extracted using water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or a mixture of water and a hydrophilic organic solvent as a solvent. A nematode control agent characterized by. The nematode control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the concentration of the extract of Ayuyukisendanusa is 10% or less and 2.5% or more. The nematode control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the concentration of the wood vinegar is 1% or less and 0.5% or more. The nematode control agent according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the concentration of the extract of the Terminaria chebra fruit is less than 2% and 0.4% or more. A nematode control method for controlling root-knot nematodes, wherein the control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used.

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