JP2013167160A - Exhaust gas purification device and purification method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a purification device and a purification method constituted of a simpler constitution than a conventional technology and having high purification effect.SOLUTION: Exhaust gas is purified and processed by spraying electromagnetic wave-processed water processed by an electromagnetic wave based on (a) an alternating current having a single frequency, (b) an alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies mutually different in a frequency or (c) an alternating current of changing the frequency in time, upon a spiral exhaust gas flow passage, in a frequency band of 4-25 kHz. When arranging heaters in the spiral exhaust gas flow passage, purification processing of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas flow passage is further improved.

Description

  The present invention relates to a purification device and a purification method for purifying exhaust gas containing harmful components such as odor components.

  From boilers that use fossil fuels from thermal power plants, chemical product manufacturing plants, metal smelters, waste incinerators, painting plants, exhaust gas discharged from semiconductor manufacturing plants, heating cookers, marine engines or automobile engines Various exhaust gases such as exhaust gas to be discharged contain fine particles, oil droplets and other harmful components, odor components, and oil components. Various devices for exhaust gas purification that can effectively remove these harmful substances have been developed. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the conventional deodorizing / desmoking / deoiling device introduces exhaust gas into the purification device 16 and purifies the exhaust gas through the filter 17 and the contact material 18 in order from the upstream side disposed in the purification device 16. After that, the configuration for discharging from the purification device 16 (FIG. 12A) or the configuration for purifying the exhaust gas through the filter 17 and the heater 19 in order from the upstream side disposed in the purification device 16 and then discharging from the purification device 16 (FIG. 12B) is known.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-180060 discloses a garbage carbonization apparatus that mixes air with dry distillation gas generated from a carbonization chamber of garbage and completely burns it in a combustion furnace so that graphite and odors do not leak into the atmosphere. Has been.

JP 2002-180060 A

In the purification device shown in FIG. 12, the exhaust gas that has passed through the filter 17 is purified by contacting the contact material 18 or the heater 19. However, since the exhaust gas linearly passes through the purification device 16, the purification device 16 is relatively fast. The effective purification function is not achieved.
Further, the invention described in the above-mentioned patent document requires an advanced exhaust gas complete combustion technique in which air is mixed with dry distillation gas, which is exhaust gas, and is completely burned in a combustion furnace.
An object of the present invention is to provide a purification device and a purification method that have a simpler structure than that of the prior art and have a high purification effect.

The above-described problems of the present invention are solved by the following solution means.
In the invention according to claim 1, within the frequency band of 4 kHz to 25 kHz, (a) an alternating current having a single frequency, (b) an alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies having different frequencies, or (c) temporal This is an exhaust gas purification treatment method for purifying exhaust gas by spraying electromagnetic wave treated water treated with an electromagnetic wave based on an alternating current whose frequency changes to a spiral exhaust gas flow path.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the exhaust gas purification processing method according to claim 1, wherein the purification treatment is performed with electromagnetic wave treated water while the exhaust gas in the spiral exhaust gas flow path is heated.

  The invention according to claim 3 is a spiral exhaust gas flow path for flowing the exhaust gas introduced from the inlet portion toward the outlet portion, a water storage tank provided at the bottom of the exhaust gas flow path, and the water storage A water supply pipe that pumps up water in the tank and flows in the exhaust gas flow path from the outlet to the inlet of the exhaust gas flow path, and sprays the water supply along the spiral exhaust gas flow path provided in the water supply pipe. And a spray nozzle wound around the upstream side of the water supply pipe, and within a frequency band of 4 kHz to 25 kHz, (a) an alternating current having a single frequency, and (b) an alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies having different frequencies. It is an exhaust gas purification processing apparatus provided with the coil part which sends the electric current or the alternating current from which (c) a frequency changes temporally.

  A fourth aspect of the present invention is the exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein a heater is disposed in the spiral exhaust gas flow path.

Exhaust gas introduced into the purification apparatus in the present invention includes boiler furnaces, blast furnaces, industrial furnaces, chemical product manufacturing plants, smelters, waste incinerators, painting plants, semiconductor manufacturing plants, which are fossil fuel combustion devices, and Various exhaust gases such as exhaust gas discharged from an engine such as a heating cooker, a marine engine or an automobile engine.
According to the present invention, the fine particles in the exhaust gas are treated with the electromagnetic wave-treated water of the present invention so that the exhaust gas discharged from the purification device is purified by being adsorbed and removed by water or burned.

  According to the first and third aspects of the present invention, the frequency band of 4 kHz to 25 kHz of the present invention is compared with the case where the electromagnetic wave treatment of the present invention is not performed on the exhaust gas (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as “untreated”). (B) an alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies having different frequencies, or (c) an electromagnetic wave based on an alternating current whose frequency changes with time. In this case, the purification of the exhaust gas is promoted, and there is no clogging of fine particles in the purification device, and the exhaust gas purification treatment can be performed for a long time.

  According to the second and fourth aspects of the invention, in addition to the effects of the first and third aspects of the invention, the inside of the spiral exhaust gas passage is heated. Purifying treatment is promoted by direct contact with.

It is a structure (FIG. 1 (a) and FIG.1 (b)) of the exhaust gas purification apparatus of the Example of this invention. They are a vertical exhaust gas flow channel (FIG. 2A) and a horizontal exhaust gas flow channel (FIG. 2B) arranged in the purification apparatus. FIG. 2 is a perspective view in which a belt-like heater is wound in a zigzag manner on protrusions provided perpendicularly to the front and back surfaces of a spiral plate in the exhaust gas purification apparatus of FIG. 1. It is a perspective view of the state which attached the spiral board with a strip | belt-shaped heater of FIG. 3 to spray piping. It is a circuit diagram of the electromagnetic wave generator of this invention. It is a circuit diagram of the electromagnetic wave generator of this invention. FIG. 6 is a relationship diagram between electromagnetic wave intensity and frequency by the electromagnetic wave generator of FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a relationship diagram between electromagnetic wave intensity and frequency by the electromagnetic wave generator of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a relationship diagram between electromagnetic wave intensity and frequency by the electromagnetic wave generator of FIG. 6. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of change in the reference zeta potential of titanium oxide fine particles in a potassium chloride aqueous solution using the electromagnetic wave generator of FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 (the zeta potential of titanium oxide fine particles in non-electromagnetically treated water = 0) and the frequency. is there. It is explanatory drawing of the zeta potential measurement method. A configuration in which exhaust gas is purified through a filter and a contact material in order from the upstream side arranged in the exhaust gas purification device of the prior art, and then discharged (FIG. 12A) and a filter and a heater in order from the upstream side arranged in the purification device The exhaust gas is purified after passing through and then discharged (FIG. 12B).

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a purification device used in this embodiment. In addition, the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas purification device 1 is exhaust gas discharged from the power generation diesel combustion device in this embodiment.

  In FIG. 1A, a water tank 2 is provided at the bottom of the exhaust gas purification device 1, an exhaust gas inlet 1a is provided on the bottom side of one side wall surface of the exhaust gas purification device 1 provided with the water tank 2, and the other side. An exhaust gas outlet 1b is provided on the top side of the wall surface.

  Further, in FIG. 1B, a cylindrical exhaust gas purification device 1 is arranged on the water tank 2, and spray water falling to the bottom of the cylindrical exhaust gas purification device 1 flows out into the water tank 2. It is configured to accumulate. Further, an exhaust gas inlet portion 1a is provided on the bottom side of one side wall surface of the cylindrical exhaust gas purification device 1, and an exhaust gas outlet portion 1b is provided on the top side of the other side wall surface.

  In both the configurations shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a spiral exhaust gas flow path shown in FIG. 2 is formed in the space between the exhaust gas inlet 1a and the outlet 1b. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1 (a), the spiral exhaust gas passage shown in FIG. 2 (a) is formed in the vertical direction between the inlet portion 1a and the outlet portion 1b of the exhaust gas. In the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, the spiral exhaust gas passage shown in FIG. 2B is formed in the horizontal direction between the exhaust gas inlet 1a and the outlet 1b.

  FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which a part of the purification apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with an exhaust gas passage 7 and a spray pipe 3 having a number of spray nozzles 4 on the central axis in the exhaust gas passage 7. 2A shows a configuration having a vertical exhaust gas flow path, and FIG. 2B shows a configuration having a horizontal exhaust gas flow path.

  The spray pipe 3 is configured to supply water pumped up by a pump 6 from a water tank 2 (FIG. 1) provided at the bottom of the purifier 1 into the exhaust gas flow path 7, and from the water tank 2 to the spray pipe 3. The supplied water is sprayed toward the exhaust gas flowing in the internal space of the exhaust gas flow channel 7 from the spray nozzle 4 provided only in the spiral exhaust gas flow channel 7 in the purification device 1, and returns to the water tank 2 again. It constitutes a circulatory system.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a spiral plate 8 is wound around the outer periphery of the spray pipe in the spiral exhaust gas flow path 7, and the exhaust gas flow path is spirally partitioned by the spiral plate 8. is there. In the configuration shown in FIG. 2A, the spray pipe 3 faces in the vertical direction, and in the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, the spray pipe 3 faces in the horizontal direction.

  And in any case, in order to supply the water in the water tank 1 (FIG. 1) to the spray pipe 3 and spray it from the spray nozzle 4, the water supply pump 6 is provided in a region where water is supplied from the water tank 1 to the spray pipe 3. Provided.

  Further, since a part of the spray pipe 3 is exposed to the outside of the purification apparatus 1, the coil portion 9 is formed by winding a coil around the exposed outer periphery of the spray pipe 3. The coil portion 9 provided in the spray pipe 3 is desirably provided in the spray pipe 3 at a position exposed to the outside of the purification apparatus 1 so that maintenance can be easily performed from the outside of the purification apparatus 1.

  The coil portion 9 formed in the spray pipe 3 is configured by winding one electric wire cable 5 at least once, and the electric wire cable 5 is subjected to an electromagnetic wave generator 10 within a range of 4 kHz to 25 kHz. (B) an alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies having different frequencies, or (c) an alternating current having a frequency that changes with time.

  Further, a spray pipe 3 having a number of spray nozzles 4 is provided on the central axis in the spiral exhaust gas flow path 7, and the spray nozzle 4 is a spiral plate that partitions the spiral exhaust gas flow path constituting the exhaust gas flow path 7. 8 are arranged on the outer periphery of the spray pipe 3 along the line 8. Accordingly, water is sprayed spirally from a number of spray nozzles 4 and comes into gas-liquid contact with the exhaust gas.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, protrusions 8a are provided vertically on the front and back surfaces of the spiral plate 8, and the belt-like heaters 11 are wound around the projections in a zigzag manner (in FIG. In this case, the exhaust gas is disturbed in flow by the zigzag belt heater 11 and is heated, so that the purification function is improved as compared with the case where the belt heater 11 is not disposed. Terminals for supplying current from a power source (not shown) are attached to both ends of the belt-like heater 11. 4 shows a perspective view of a state in which the spiral plate 8 with the belt-like heater 11 of FIG.

  From the electromagnetic wave generator 10 having the circuit shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, (a) an alternating current having a single frequency, (b) an alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies having different frequencies, or (c) temporal. The exhaust gas is irradiated with electromagnetic waves by passing an alternating current of varying frequency. In the circuit shown in FIG. 5, the frequency oscillated from a triangular wave or sawtooth wave oscillation circuit is subdivided by a voltage-frequency conversion circuit to obtain a voltage corresponding to each frequency. The output from the voltage-frequency conversion circuit sets the electromagnetic wave intensity by the waveform shaping amplifier circuit, further amplifies the power to obtain an appropriate amount of power, and outputs it to the coil unit 2 shown in FIG.

Here, the electromagnetic wave generator 10 having the circuit shown in FIG. 5 has a current value of 0.2 to 2 A and (a) an output waveform of the type shown in FIG. 7, and is shown by a solid line, a broken line, an alternate long and short dash line, etc. Any single single frequency having a peak value such as 6,000, 10,000, 16,000 or 22,000 Hz (any one single frequency between about 4,000 and 25,000 Hz) Or (c) about 4,000 to 25,000 Hz, or about 4,000 to 8,000 Hz as shown in FIG. The electromagnetic wave generator 10 having the circuit shown in FIG. 6 is (a) any one having a peak value at 6,000, 10,000, 16,000 or 22,000 Hz shown in FIG. Or AC current with two single dominant frequencies (any one single frequency between about 4,000 and 25,000 Hz can be used) or (b) 6,000,10, shown in FIG. A plurality of single main frequencies having different values from each other having peak values at 000, 16,000, 22,000 Hz, etc. (using any one single frequency between about 4,000 and 25,000 Hz) Can be generated at the same time to generate an electromagnetic wave.
Further, in the electromagnetic wave generator having the circuit shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, the zeta potential can be (+) or (−) depending on the frequency of oscillation.

  In addition, electromagnetic wave intensity means the intensity of the electromagnetic wave in space, and a unit is [V / m] or [A / m]. Although the measurement method is selectively used according to the purpose of use, [A / m] is used in this embodiment (V is voltage, A is current, and m is length). The strength of the electromagnetic wave is appropriately selected according to the amount of exhaust gas to be treated with electromagnetic waves. The magnitude of the magnetic field at a place where an electromagnetic wave intensity sensor (not shown) is placed, which is proportional to the current value of 0.2 to 2 A flowing through the coil section 2, is the intensity or intensity of the electromagnetic wave in this case.

Further, the magnitude of the electromagnetic wave intensity changes in proportion to the value of current flowing through the coil portion 2.
P = K × i ² × t
P: Electromagnetic wave irradiation energy to treated exhaust gas [W]
i: Current [A] flowing through the coil section 9
t: Irradiation time [seconds]
K: Constant [H / m ³ ]

  FIG. 10 shows the peak values of the electromagnetic wave intensity measured at each frequency and the water to be treated (titanium oxide) by using the electromagnetic wave generator having the circuit shown in FIG. 5 or 6 and changing the frequency in the frequency band of 100 Hz to 120 kHz. The relationship of the variation | change_quantity of the zeta potential of potassium chloride aqueous solution containing microparticles | fine-particles is shown.

Note that the modulated electromagnetic field processing apparatus using the electromagnetic field generator 10 having the circuit shown in FIG. 6 distributes the signal into two systems, frequency dividers 31a and 31b for converting the signal from the OSC into a signal of an arbitrary frequency. After being electrically multiplied by the R system generator 33a or the S system generator 33b through the devices 32a and 32b, they are output to the coil sections (not shown) by the power amplifiers 34a and 34b, respectively. At this time, there are two systems with the same configuration as the signal flow, for example, a system independent of a synchronous type by sending a signal from one distributor 32a to the waveform generators 33a and 33b (upper and lower stages in FIG. 6). Asynchronous types that send signals to the waveform generators 33a and 33b can be selected. This apparatus intermittently sends a modulated electromagnetic field signal in which a square wave or a sine wave is placed on a coil part.
As shown in FIG. 10, when the electromagnetic wave treatment is preferably performed in a frequency band of about 4 kHz to 25 kHz, the amount of change in the zeta potential of the water to be treated changes greatly, and the electromagnetic wave treatment is not performed (when untreated). Alternatively, there is a frequency band (1,000 to 10,000 Hz) in which the zeta potential shows a negative value with a significant decrease compared to the amount of change in the zeta potential of the water to be treated that shows a peak value of electromagnetic wave intensity in another frequency band. I understand that.
Since the electromagnetic wave treatment of the exhaust gas of the present embodiment is performed in the frequency band of about 4 kHz to 25 kHz, the exhaust gas is purified.

The zeta potential measurement procedure shown in FIG. 10 is as shown in the following (1) to (4). (1) Zeta potential measurement device: electrophoretic light scattering photometer ELS-800 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.
(2) Sample, solute: colloidal particles of titanium oxide (particle size 100-200 μm)
Solvent: 10 mmol aqueous KCl solution
Adjustment solution: pH 5.5
Temperature: 25 ° C
(3) Modulated electromagnetic wave generator
Using the electromagnetic wave generator 10 having the circuit shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, the coil current is 1.0 ampere, for example, showing the relationship between the peak value of the electromagnetic wave intensity shown in FIG. 10 and the amount of change in the zeta potential of the water to be treated. Generate electromagnetic waves.
(4) As shown in FIG. 11, a beaker 24 containing a sample containing the particles is inserted into the internal space of a coil portion 9 (vinyl chloride pipe around which the coil is wound 20 times) for passing an alternating current from the electromagnetic wave generator 10 Then, a current of 1.0 ampere was passed through the coil portion 9 from the electromagnetic wave generator 10 or the like for 1 minute for processing. Thereafter, the sample containing the particles in the beaker 24 was sent out from the outflow pipe 25 provided at the bottom of the beaker into the zeta potential measuring device 26 to measure the zeta potential.

  The main frequency of the current passed through the coil was 0.5, 20, 40, 60, 80, ... and 120 kHz. Even when the electromagnetic wave treatment by the electromagnetic wave generator 10 or the like was not performed, the sample containing the particles in the beaker 24 was sent out from the outflow pipe 25 provided in the lower part into the zeta potential measuring device 26 to measure the zeta potential.

FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the peak value of the electromagnetic wave intensity at each frequency obtained by the above method and the amount of change in the zeta potential of the water to be treated. The amount of change in the zeta potential in FIG. It is the amount of change with respect to the zeta potential at the time of the treatment, and is an average value of 10 measurements.
The continuous frequency waveform generated by the electromagnetic wave generator having the circuits shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is not limited to a square wave or a sawtooth wave, but may be other waveforms such as a sine wave and a pulse wave.

  The present inventor has found that the zeta potential of the electromagnetic wave treated water irradiated with the minute particles in the exhaust gas and the electromagnetic wave becomes negative in the frequency band (4,000 to 25,000 Hz) by this electromagnetic wave treatment, and the spray nozzle 4 of the spray pipe 3 Estimated to prevent clogging. Unless otherwise specified, (a) the alternating current having a single frequency, (b) the alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies having different frequencies, or (c) the alternating current whose frequency changes with time. Was applied for electromagnetic wave treatment.

  The purification apparatus of the present invention is a fossil fuel combustion apparatus such as a boiler furnace, a blast furnace, an industrial furnace, a chemical product manufacturing factory, a smelter, a waste incinerator, a heating cooker, a ship engine, an automobile engine, etc. It can be applied to various exhaust gas purification processes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exhaust gas purification apparatus 2 Water tank 3 Spray piping 4 Spray nozzle 5 Electric wire cable 6 Feed water pump 7 Exhaust gas flow path 8 Spiral plate 9 Coil part 10 Electromagnetic wave generator 11 Heater 16 Purifier 17 Filter 18 Contact material 19 Heater 24 Beaker 25 Outflow pipe 26 Potential measuring devices 31a and 31b Frequency dividers 32a and 32b Dividers 33a and 33b Generators 34a and 34b Power amplifiers

Claims (4)

  Within the frequency band of 4 kHz to 25 kHz, (a) an alternating current having a single frequency, (b) an alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies having different frequencies, or (c) an alternating current whose frequency changes with time. An exhaust gas purification method for purifying exhaust gas by spraying electromagnetically treated water treated with electromagnetic waves based on the spiral exhaust gas flow path.   The exhaust gas purification method according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas in the spiral exhaust gas channel is heated and purified with electromagnetic wave treated water. A spiral exhaust gas flow path for flowing exhaust gas introduced from the inlet portion toward the outlet portion in a spiral manner;
A water storage tank provided at the bottom of the exhaust gas flow path;
A water supply pipe for pumping up water in the water storage tank and flowing in the exhaust gas channel from the outlet to the inlet in the exhaust gas channel;
A spray nozzle for spraying feed water along the spiral exhaust gas flow path provided in the feed water pipe;
Wound around the upstream side of the water supply pipe and within a frequency band of 4 kHz to 25 kHz, (a) an alternating current having a single frequency, (b) an alternating current having a plurality of single frequencies having different frequencies, or (c) An exhaust gas purification processing apparatus comprising a coil section for passing an alternating current whose frequency changes with time.   The exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a heater is disposed in the spiral exhaust gas passage.

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