JP2013144085A - Water feed device for dialysis, and, water feed method for dialysis - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water feed device for dialysis and a water feed method for dialysis capable of suppressing a decline in operation efficiency.SOLUTION: The water feed device for dialysis, for feeding water for dialysis to a dialyzing fluid regulating device as an object of the feed, includes a water generation part for dialysis for generating water for dialysis using an RO module 17, and the water generation part for dialysis has a chlorine dioxide feed part 30 for feeding chlorine dioxide to a primary side of the RO module 17, and a chlorine dioxide decomposition part 41 for decomposing the chlorine dioxide in a secondary side of the RO module 17. The chlorine dioxide feed part 30 comprises a chlorine dioxide generation part 31 for generating chlorous acid by contact of sodium chlorite with ion exchange material, and generating the chlorine dioxide of high purity by contact of the chlorous acid with the catalytic material.

Description

  The technology of the present disclosure relates to a dialysis water supply device that supplies dialysis water for performing artificial dialysis to a dialysate adjustment device, and a dialysis water supply method.

  The water supply apparatus for dialysis is usually equipped with a reverse osmosis (RO) module that filters foreign substances contained in raw water by a reverse osmosis method. In general, a functional layer made of wholly aromatic polyamide is formed on the surface of the RO membrane of the RO module, and dissolved ions, organic substances, bacteria, and the like are removed by physical capture by the functional layer.

  On the other hand, the raw water supplied to the RO module is usually water from which chlorine components have been removed by an activated carbon filter. Therefore, since the raw water supplied to the RO module often contains bacteria, in such an RO membrane through which raw water continues to pass, contamination from bacteria occurs from the primary side to the secondary side. It is fully conceivable.

  In this regard, if bacteria grow in the RO module, viable bacteria and endotoxin (ET) increase in the permeated water that has permeated through the RO membrane, and thus in the dialysis water generated from the permeated water. For this reason, as described in Patent Document 1, a treatment for sterilizing the RO membrane by supplying a disinfectant chemical solution from the primary side of the RO membrane is periodically performed on the RO membrane mounted on the dialysis water supply device. Is called.

JP 2005-34433 A

  By the way, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, a sodium hypochlorite solution, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, and acidic electrolyzed water, which are chlorinated chemical solutions, are used as the disinfecting chemical solution. However, among these disinfectant chemicals, sterilization with sodium hypochlorite solution, hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, and acidic electrolyte solution will surely sterilize the RO membrane, but will reduce the filtration function. A degree of alteration will occur in the functional layer. For this reason, in the sterilization of the RO membrane, a peracetic acid-based drug is exclusively used as a disinfecting chemical solution in order to suppress the above-described alteration of the functional layer.

  On the other hand, each of the above-described disinfecting chemicals is not limited to peracetic acid-based chemicals, and all of them are stably present in the flow path together with dialysis water. Therefore, not a few chemical solutions for disinfection remain in the flow path after the sterilization of the RO membrane. Therefore, in order to avoid mixing the disinfecting chemical into the dialysis water, a large amount of raw water is usually supplied from the primary side of the sterilized RO membrane to the sterilized flow path before generating the dialysis water. Then, the disinfecting chemical solution is washed away from the flow path including the RO membrane. However, such a flow path cleaning process requires a very large amount of raw water and a lot of time compared to sterilization using a disinfecting chemical solution, so a dialysis water supply device, and hence a dialysis water supply device, is required. This is a factor that greatly reduces the operating efficiency of the dialysis system provided.

  An object of the technology of the present disclosure is to provide a dialysis water supply device and a dialysis water supply method capable of suppressing the above-described decrease in operating efficiency.

Hereinafter, aspects of the dialysis water supply device and the dialysis water supply method in the present disclosure for solving the above-described problems will be described together with the operation and effects thereof.
One aspect of the dialysis water supply device in the present disclosure is a dialysis water supply device that includes a dialysis water generation unit that generates dialysis water using a reverse osmosis membrane, and supplies the dialysis water to a dialysate adjustment device, The dialysis water generation unit includes a chlorine dioxide supply unit that supplies chlorine dioxide to the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane, and a chlorine dioxide decomposition unit that decomposes chlorine dioxide on the secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane.

  Here, chlorine dioxide dissolved in water is a nonionic gas and penetrates into the biofilm where chlorine and bromine are rebounded. For example, chlorine dioxide inactivates and sterilizes polysaccharides that penetrate bacteria in the biofilm and generate bacteria. These sterilization effects of chlorine dioxide include chlorine hypochlorite solution, sodium hypochlorite solution, chlorine-free disinfectant solution, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, Compared with the sterilization effect by acidic electrolyzed water, it is not influenced by pH, and shows a large sterilization power and a high sterilization rate. Further, chlorine dioxide itself, which is a non-chlorine-based disinfectant chemical solution, does not alter the functional layer of the reverse osmosis membrane. On the other hand, chlorine dioxide is easily decomposed by all these factors such as a temperature higher than room temperature, irradiation with ultraviolet light, exposure time in such an environment, whether in solution or in the atmosphere.

  According to one aspect of the dialysis water supply device in the present disclosure, sterilization of a reverse osmosis membrane is possible by chlorine dioxide supplied from the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane. Moreover, the sterilization effect of chlorine dioxide is higher than that of sodium hypochlorite solution, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, and acidic electrolyzed water. Is also possible. And since the decomposition treatment of chlorine dioxide for the permeated water that has passed through the reverse osmosis membrane is performed on the primary side of the dialysate adjustment device, the sterilized reverse osmosis membrane is made of raw water compared to the case where the disinfecting chemical solution itself remains. When washing, it becomes possible to suppress the flow rate of the raw water in such a washing process, or to omit the washing process itself. Therefore, since it is possible to reduce the time required for the washing treatment of the flow path including the reverse osmosis membrane, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency of the dialysis water supply device.

  In another aspect of the dialysis water supply apparatus according to the present disclosure, the chlorine dioxide supply unit generates chlorous acid by contacting a chlorite and an ion exchange material, and contacts the chlorous acid and the catalyst material. A chlorine dioxide generation unit for generating chlorine dioxide is provided.

  In the method of generating chlorine dioxide, chemical liquid mixing that generates chlorine gas by reaction of sodium hypochlorite and hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, and generates chlorine dioxide by reaction of chlorine gas and sodium hypochlorite. The law is known. On the other hand, when chlorine dioxide is produced by such a chemical liquid mixing method, as long as the reaction between chlorine gas and sodium hypochlorite is used, not a little unreacted chlorine gas is contained. Further, as another method for generating chlorine dioxide, a method for generating chlorine dioxide electrochemically is known, but chlorine gas and ozone as impurities are generated on the anode side.

  In this regard, according to another aspect of the water supply device for dialysis in the present disclosure, pure chlorous acid is generated through chlorite in the ion exchange material, and chlorine dioxide is produced by the reaction between the chlorous acid and the catalyst material. As a result, high-purity chlorine dioxide that does not contain chlorine gas or ozone is produced.

  In another aspect of the dialysis water supply device according to the present disclosure, a concentration detection unit that detects a concentration of chlorine dioxide on a secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane, and generation of chlorine dioxide by the chlorine dioxide generation unit A control unit that controls based on the detection result, and the control unit lowers the amount of chlorite supplied to the chlorine dioxide generation unit by increasing the concentration.

  According to another aspect of the dialysis water supply device in the present disclosure, the supply amount of chlorite, which is a starting material for chlorine dioxide, is lowered by an increase in the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the flow path for generating dialysis water. . That is, when sterilization needs to be suppressed in the flow path for generating dialysis water, generation of chlorine dioxide can be suppressed in the chlorine dioxide generation unit. Since chlorine dioxide is a nonionic gas dissolved in water, it is necessary to keep the liquid in which chlorine dioxide is dissolved in a pressurized environment during storage. In this respect, in the above-described aspect, storage of chlorine dioxide can be suppressed by the dialysis water supply apparatus, so that the load for storing chlorine dioxide can be reduced by the dialysis water supply unit.

  In another aspect of the dialysis water supply device according to the present disclosure, the control unit controls a driving mode of the chlorine dioxide generation unit and a driving mode of the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit, and the control unit controls the dialysate adjustment device. When adjusting the dialysate, chlorine dioxide is supplied in the chlorine dioxide supply unit and chlorine dioxide is decomposed in the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit.

  According to another aspect of the dialysis water supply device of the present disclosure, since sterilization is performed in the dialysis water supply device when the dialysis solution is adjusted, the dialysis solution adjustment device or the dialysis solution supply device is stopped for each sterilization. Compared with the case where it becomes necessary, the operation efficiency of the water supply device for dialysis can be increased.

In another aspect of the dialysis water supply device according to the present disclosure, the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit is a light source that irradiates the permeated water that has passed through the reverse osmosis membrane with ultraviolet light.
Examples of the method for decomposing chlorine dioxide include a method in which chlorine dioxide is degassed from permeated water that has permeated through a reverse osmosis membrane, and the degassed chlorine dioxide is exposed to an environment capable of decomposing. However, in such a decomposition method, not a little chlorine gas is generated when chlorine dioxide is decomposed. In this regard, according to another aspect of the dialysis water supply device of the present disclosure, chlorine dioxide is decomposed in the permeated water that has permeated through the reverse osmosis membrane, so that chlorine gas is generated unlike decomposition by degassing. There is no fear. Therefore, the handling of the dialysis water supply device becomes easier as compared with an embodiment in which chlorine dioxide is decomposed by deaeration.

  In another aspect of the dialysis water supply device according to the present disclosure, the concentration detection unit detects whether the concentration is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, and the control unit generates the chlorine dioxide when the concentration is higher than a predetermined value. The supply of chlorite in the section is stopped.

  According to another aspect of the dialysis water supply device of the present disclosure, the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the flow path for generating dialysis water is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. Supply is stopped. That is, when sterilization is not required in the flow path for generating dialysis water, generation of chlorine dioxide is stopped in the chlorine dioxide generation section. In such an embodiment, it is not necessary to store chlorine dioxide in the dialysis water supply device, and therefore it is possible to omit the configuration for storing chlorine dioxide from the dialysis water supply unit.

  One aspect of the dialysis water supply method in the present disclosure is a dialysis water supply method that uses a dialysis water supply device that supplies dialysis water generated using a reverse osmosis membrane and supplies the dialysis water to a dialysate adjustment device. A chlorine dioxide supply step of supplying chlorine dioxide to the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane, and a chlorine dioxide decomposition step of decomposing chlorine dioxide on the secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane.

  According to one aspect of the dialysis water supply method in the present disclosure, sterilization is possible from the primary side to the secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane by chlorine dioxide supplied from the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane. Moreover, since chlorine dioxide has a higher sterilization effect than sodium hypochlorite solution, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, and acidic electrolyzed water, it can be sterilized at the same level at much lower concentrations. Become. And since the decomposition treatment of chlorine dioxide with respect to the permeated water that has passed through the reverse osmosis membrane is performed on the primary side of the dialysate adjusting device, when the sterilized reverse osmosis membrane is washed with raw water, the flow rate of the raw water in such washing treatment It is also possible to suppress the cleaning, or to omit the cleaning process itself. Therefore, since it is possible to reduce the time required for the washing treatment of the flow path including the reverse osmosis membrane, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency of the dialysis water supply device.

In another aspect of the dialysis water supply method according to the present disclosure, the chlorine dioxide supply step and the chlorine dioxide decomposition step are performed when the dialysate adjustment apparatus is operated.
According to another aspect of the dialysis water supply method in the present disclosure, sterilization is performed in the dialysis water supply device when the dialysis solution is adjusted. Compared with the case where it becomes necessary, the operation efficiency of the water supply device for dialysis can be increased.

The flow-path system diagram which shows the whole structure of one Embodiment in the water supply apparatus for dialysis of this indication with a dialysate adjustment apparatus, a patient monitoring apparatus, and a personal dialysis apparatus. The electric block diagram which shows the electric constitution of one Embodiment in the water supply apparatus for dialysis of this indication. It is a graph which shows the result of the test example in the water supply apparatus for dialysis of this indication, Comprising: The figure which shows the relationship between the elapsed time of supply of chlorine dioxide, and the removal rate in RO module. It is a graph which shows the result of the comparative example in the water supply apparatus for dialysis of this indication, Comprising: The figure which shows the relationship between the elapsed time of supply of chlorine dioxide, and the removal rate in RO module. It is a graph which shows the result of the test example in the water supply apparatus for dialysis of this indication, Comprising: The figure which shows the relationship between the aspect of irradiation of an ultraviolet light, and the density | concentration of chlorine dioxide. The flow-path system diagram which shows the whole structure of the modification in the dialysis water supply apparatus of this indication with a dialysate adjustment apparatus, a patient monitoring apparatus, and a personal dialysis apparatus. The flow-path system diagram which shows the whole structure of the modification in the dialysis water supply apparatus of this indication with a dialysate adjustment apparatus, a patient monitoring apparatus, and a personal dialysis apparatus.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of each of the dialysis water supply device and the dialysis water supply method according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, on the discharge side of the raw water pump 11 in the dialysis water supply device, a prefilter 12, a soft water device 13, an activated carbon filtration device 14, a soft water tank 15, and a primary side RO water pump 16 are arranged in this order. It is connected.

  The raw water pump 11 is a pump that discharges raw water at a predetermined flow rate, and the raw water introduced into the raw water pump 11 is preferably tap water or groundwater that satisfies the Japan Waterworks Law (Law No. 177 of 1957). The pre-filter 12 is a filter having a size of 1 μm to 25 μm, for example, and removes foreign matters such as iron rust and sand from the raw water discharged from the raw water pump 11. The water softener 13 removes two or more predetermined cations from the permeated water that has passed through the prefilter 12 by ion exchange. The cations removed by the water softener 13 are hardness components such as calcium ions, magnesium ions, and aluminum ions. The activated carbon filter 14 removes residual chlorine, chloramine, and organic matter from the permeated water that has passed through the soft water device 13 by adsorption. The soft water tank 15 is a tank that temporarily stores soft water that is permeated water that has passed through the activated carbon filtration device 14, and includes a soft water meter 15S that measures the capacity of the stored soft water.

  The soft water stored in the soft water tank 15 is supplied to the primary side RO water pump 16 and discharged from the primary side RO water pump 16. At this time, when the volume of the soft water stored in the soft water tank 15 falls below a predetermined volume, the raw water pump 11 is driven to supply the soft water from the activated carbon filtration device 14 to the soft water tank 15. Thereby, the soft water is always stored in the soft water tank 15 in a predetermined range of capacity.

  On the discharge side of the primary side RO water pump 16, an RO module 17, an RO water flow meter 18, a chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19 as a concentration detector, an RO water tank 20, and a secondary side RO water pump 21 are arranged in this order. It is connected.

  The RO module 17 applies pressure higher than the osmotic pressure to the soft water on the primary side with respect to the RO membrane, and allows the RO water, which is filtered water of dissolved ions, organic matter, bacteria, endotoxin, etc., to permeate the secondary side of the RO membrane. . The RO water flow meter 18 measures the flow rate of the RO water that has passed through the RO module 17 and outputs the measurement result. The chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19 measures the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the RO water on the secondary side of the RO module 17 and outputs the measurement result. The RO water tank 20 is a tank that temporarily stores the RO water generated by the RO module 17, and has an RO water meter 20S that measures the volume of the stored RO water.

  Then, the RO water stored in the RO water tank 20 is supplied to the secondary RO water pump 21 and discharged from the secondary RO water pump 21. At this time, when the volume of the RO water stored in the RO water tank 20 falls below a predetermined capacity, the RO water 17 is supplied from the RO module 17 to the RO water tank 20 by driving the primary side RO water pump 16. Thus, RO water is always stored in the RO water tank 20 in a predetermined range of capacity.

  A chlorine dioxide supply unit 30 that supplies chlorine dioxide to the primary side of the RO module 17 is connected between the soft water tank 15 and the primary side RO water pump 16. The chlorine dioxide supply unit 30 includes a chlorine dioxide generation unit 31, and the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 is connected to the soft water tank 15 and the primary RO water pump 16 via a chlorine dioxide pump 32 and a chlorine dioxide supply valve 33. Connected between.

  The chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 includes a sodium chlorite pump 31A, an ion exchange device 31B, and a catalyst device 31C. The sodium chlorite pump 31A is a pump that discharges an aqueous solution of sodium chlorite, which is one of chlorites, to the ion exchange device 31B at a predetermined flow rate. The ion exchange device 31B has a hydrogen-type cation exchange material, and generates chlorous acid by contacting the sodium chlorite discharged from the sodium chlorite pump 31A with the ion exchange resin. The catalytic device 31C generates chlorine dioxide by bringing the chlorous acid generated in the ion exchange device 31B into contact with the catalytic material. That is, the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 generates chlorous acid from sodium chlorite according to the reaction shown in the following formula 1, and generates chlorine dioxide from chlorous acid according to the reaction shown in the following formula 2.

  As a method for producing chlorine dioxide, a chemical liquid mixing method is known in which chlorine gas is produced by producing chlorine gas by a reaction between sodium hypochlorite and hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid. On the other hand, when chlorine dioxide is produced by such a chemical liquid mixing method, chlorine gas, hypochlorous acid, and the like that are not reacted are contained in chlorine dioxide in a small amount. Further, as another method for generating chlorine dioxide, a method for generating chlorine dioxide electrochemically is known, but chlorine gas and ozone as impurities are generated on the anode side. In this regard, if the reactions according to the above formulas 1 and 2 are used, pure chlorous acid is generated from sodium chlorite that passes through the cation exchange material, and the reaction between the chlorous acid and the catalyst material results in 99. Chlorine dioxide is produced with a purity of at least%. Therefore, high-purity chlorine dioxide that does not contain chlorine gas or ozone that alters the functional layer of the RO membrane is generated. In consideration of trapping impurities contained in the chlorine dioxide solution in the RO membrane, the purity of the chlorine dioxide produced by the chlorine dioxide producing unit 31 may be 90% or more and less than 99%. However, in order to suppress the filtration load on the RO membrane, it is preferably 99% or more. Further, as the catalyst material, platinum-coated zeolite or manganese dioxide can be used.

  Then, the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide generated by the chlorine dioxide generator 31 is supplied to the chlorine dioxide pump 32 and is discharged from the chlorine dioxide pump 32 when the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 is opened. At this time, chlorine dioxide is generated in the chlorine dioxide generating unit 31 by discharging the sodium chlorite aqueous solution by the sodium chlorite pump 31A. On the other hand, unless the sodium chlorite pump 31A discharges the sodium chlorite aqueous solution, the generation of chlorine dioxide in the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 is stopped. Since it is not necessary to store chlorine dioxide in such a generation form of chlorine dioxide, it is possible to omit the configuration for storing chlorine dioxide from the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30.

  On the other hand, a chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41, a chlorine concentration meter 42, and a dialysate supply device 43 are connected in this order to the discharge side of the secondary side RO water pump 21 described above. A plurality of patient monitoring devices 45 are connected in parallel to the secondary side of the dialysate supply device 43, and a plurality of personal dialysis devices 46 are provided between the chlorine concentration meter 42 and the dialysate supply device 43. Connected in parallel.

  The chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 has a light source that irradiates the RO water discharged from the secondary-side RO water pump 21 with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 400 nm or less, and decomposes chlorine dioxide contained in the RO water in the RO water. To do. Examples of the method for decomposing chlorine dioxide include a method in which chlorine dioxide is degassed from permeated water that has permeated through a reverse osmosis membrane, and the degassed chlorine dioxide is exposed to an environment capable of decomposing. However, in such a decomposition method, chlorine dioxide is decomposed, but not a little chlorine gas is generated when chlorine dioxide is decomposed. In this regard, according to the decomposition mode in which the RO water is irradiated with ultraviolet light, there is no possibility that chlorine gas is generated unlike the decomposition by degassing as long as chlorine dioxide is decomposed in the RO water. Therefore, it becomes possible to make the dialysis water supply device easier to handle than decomposition by deaeration.

  The chlorine concentration meter 42 measures the concentration of combined chlorine and the concentration of free chlorine with respect to dialysis water that is permeated water that has passed through the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41, and outputs the sum of these as the chlorine concentration.

  The dialysate supply device 43 is equipped with a dialysate adjustment device 43a for adjusting dialysate for a plurality of patients. The dialysate adjustment device 43a generates an A dissolving device for generating A solution and a B solution. The B dissolution apparatus and a dialysate tank that temporarily stores dialysate are mounted. The A dissolving device dissolves the electrolyte powder in dialysis water that has passed through the chlorine dioxide decomposing unit 41 to generate A solution, which is an electrolyte solution. The B dissolution apparatus is equipped with a B dissolution apparatus that dissolves bicarbonate powder in the permeated water that has passed through the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 to generate a B liquid. The dialysis tank is a tank for storing dialysate, which is water obtained by adding the A liquid and the B liquid to the dialysis water that has passed through the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41, and measures the volume of the stored dialysate. It has a water meter 43S.

  Each of the plurality of patient monitoring devices 45 is equipped with a dialyzer (dialyzer) to which the dialysate generated by the dialysate supply device 43 is supplied. I do.

  Each of the plurality of personal dialyzers 46 is equipped with a personal dialysate adjusting device 46a for adjusting dialysate for one patient and a dialyzer. Each of the plurality of personal dialysis apparatuses 46 performs dilution adjustment of the dialysis solution using dialysis water, supply of the dialysis solution to the dialyzer, and monitoring. The liquid discharged from the end of the flow path through which the dialysate flows is discharged to a drainage tank or sewage.

  The RO water discharged from the secondary-side RO water pump 21 is decomposed with chlorine dioxide by irradiation with ultraviolet light in the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41, and a part thereof is dialysate supply device 43 from the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41. Supplied as dialysis water. The dialysis water supplied to the dialysis fluid supply device 43 is used to generate the A and B fluids, and then the A and B fluids are added to the dialysis water. 43 to each patient monitoring device 45. A part of the dialysis water supplied from the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 is also supplied to each of a plurality of personal dialysis apparatuses 46 and used for hemodialysis.

  In addition, the dialysis water generation unit is configured by each component from the raw water pump 11 constituting the main flow path of the raw water to the chlorine concentration meter 42 which is the primary side of the dialysate supply device 43, including the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30. Yes. In addition, a dialysis water supply device is configured by the dialysis water generation unit and the control unit that controls the driving mode of each unit in the dialysis water generation unit.

  Next, the control part which controls the supply aspect of the dialysis water in the dialysis water supply apparatus which consists of the said structure is demonstrated with reference to FIG. Each of the first control unit 50 and the second control unit 51 configuring the dialysis water supply device includes a storage unit that stores a sequence for driving each component in a predetermined order, and each configuration based on the sequence. It is comprised from the control apparatus which controls the drive mode of an element, the arithmetic unit etc. which perform various arithmetic processing based on the instruction | command of a control apparatus. The 1st control part 50 controls a drive mode with respect to each part which constitutes the primary side of primary side RO water pump 16. The 2nd control part 51 controls a drive mode with respect to each part which comprises the secondary side of the soft water tank 15. FIG.

  The soft water meter 15 </ b> S is connected to the input unit of the first control unit 50, and the raw water pump 11 is connected to the output unit of the first control unit 50. The soft water meter 15S outputs a signal indicating whether or not the capacity of the soft water stored in the soft water tank 15 is equal to or greater than a predetermined capacity to the first control unit 50.

  And if the signal which shows that the capacity | capacitance of the soft water stored in the soft water tank 15 is less than predetermined capacity | capacitance is input into the 1st control part 50, the control signal for driving the raw | natural water pump 11 will be 1st control part. 50 is output to the raw water pump 11. On the other hand, when a signal indicating that the capacity of the soft water stored in the soft water tank 15 is equal to or greater than a predetermined capacity is input to the first control unit 50, a control signal for stopping the driving of the raw water pump 11 is the first. It is output from the control unit 50 to the raw water pump 11. By such a driving mode of the raw water pump 11, the soft water is always stored in the soft water tank 15 in a predetermined range of capacity.

  An external input device 52, an RO water flow meter 18, a chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19, an RO water amount meter 20S, a chlorine concentration meter 42, and a dialysate water amount meter 43S are connected to the input unit in the second control unit 51. Yes. Moreover, the output part in the 2nd control part 51 has the raw | natural water pump 11, the primary side RO water pump 16, the secondary side RO water pump 21, the sodium chlorite pump 31A, the chlorine dioxide pump 32, and the chlorine dioxide supply valve. 33 is connected.

  The external input device 52 includes a normal operation command signal for causing the dialysis water supply device to perform a normal operation, a washing operation command signal for causing the dialysis water supply device to perform a washing operation, and various operations for the dialysis water supply device. Any one of the stop command signals for stopping is output to the second control unit 51.

  When the normal operation command signal is input to the second control unit 51, the second control unit 51 drives each unit other than the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30 to supply dialysis water to the dialysate supply device 43. The control signal is output to each part. When the cleaning operation command signal is input to the second control unit 51, the second control unit 51 drives each part including the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30 to clean the secondary side of the soft water tank 15 with chlorine dioxide. Control signals for output to each unit. When the stop command signal is input to the second control unit 51, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for stopping the driving of each part of the dialysis water supply device in order to stop the normal operation or the washing operation. Output to each part.

  For example, when the normal operation command signal is input to the second control unit 51, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for driving the primary side RO water pump 16 to the primary side RO water pump 16. Further, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for driving the secondary RO water pump 21 to the secondary RO water pump 21. On the other hand, when the cleaning operation command signal is input to the second control unit 51, the second control unit 51 controls the driving of the sodium chlorite pump 31A in addition to the control signal output at the start of the normal operation. A signal is output to the sodium chlorite pump 31A. Further, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for driving the chlorine dioxide pump 32 to the chlorine dioxide pump 32, and outputs a control signal for opening the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 to the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33. To do. Further, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for driving the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 to the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41.

  The RO water flow meter 18 outputs a signal indicating the flow rate of the RO water that has passed through the RO module 17 to the second control unit 51. The chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19 outputs a signal indicating the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the RO water that has passed through the RO module 17 to the second control unit 51. The RO water meter 20S outputs a signal indicating whether or not the capacity of the RO water stored in the RO water tank 20 is equal to or greater than a predetermined capacity to the second control unit 51.

  And if the signal which shows that the capacity | capacitance of the RO water stored in the RO water tank 20 is less than predetermined capacity | capacitance is input into the 2nd control part 51, the control signal for driving the primary side RO water pump 16 will be given. The second control unit 51 outputs the primary side RO water pump 16. On the other hand, when a signal indicating that the capacity of the RO water stored in the RO water tank 20 is equal to or greater than a predetermined capacity is input to the second control unit 51, the control for stopping the driving of the primary side RO water pump 16 is performed. A signal is output from the second control unit 51 to the primary RO water pump 16. By such a driving mode of the primary side RO water pump 16, RO water is always stored in the RO water tank 20 in a predetermined range of capacity.

  Further, the second control unit 51 under the cleaning operation compares the cleaning end concentration having a predetermined concentration with the chlorine dioxide concentration in the RO water, and determines whether or not the chlorine dioxide concentration in the RO water is equal to or higher than the cleaning end concentration. Judging. At this time, if the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the RO water is less than the cleaning end concentration, the second control unit 51 determines that sterilization with chlorine dioxide is continuing, and the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30 and the primary side The drive of the RO water pump 16 is continued. On the other hand, when the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the RO water is equal to or higher than the cleaning end concentration, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for stopping the driving of the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30 to each unit of the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30. . That is, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for stopping the driving to the sodium chlorite pump 31A and the chlorine dioxide pump 32, and outputs a control signal for closing the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33. Output to the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33. The cleaning end concentration is a lower limit value of the concentration of chlorine dioxide obtained on the primary side of the RO water tank 20 when the primary side of the RO water tank 20 is sufficiently sterilized.

  The chlorine concentration meter 42 outputs a signal indicating the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water that has passed through the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 to the second control unit 51. The dialysate water meter 43S outputs a signal indicating whether or not the volume of the dialysate stored in the dialysate tank is equal to or greater than a predetermined volume to the second control unit 51.

  When a signal indicating that the volume of the dialysate stored in the dialysate tank is less than a predetermined volume is input to the second control unit 51, a control signal for driving the secondary RO water pump 21 is generated. The second control unit 51 outputs the secondary side RO water pump 21. On the other hand, when a signal indicating that the volume of dialysate stored in the dialysate tank is greater than or equal to a predetermined volume is input to the second control unit 51, control for stopping the driving of the secondary RO water pump 21. A signal is output from the second control unit 51 to the secondary RO water pump 21. Due to such a driving mode of the secondary RO water pump 21, the dialysate is always stored in the dialysate tank in a predetermined range of capacity.

  Further, the second control unit 51 under normal operation compares the normal operation concentration, which is a predetermined concentration, with the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water, and determines whether the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water is equal to or lower than the normal operation concentration. At this time, when the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water is equal to or lower than the normal operation concentration, the second control unit 51 continues to drive the secondary RO water pump 21. On the other hand, when the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water exceeds the normal operation concentration, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for stopping the driving of the secondary RO water pump 21 to the secondary RO water pump 21. The normal operating concentration is an upper limit value of the chlorine concentration obtained on the secondary side of the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 in the dialysis water whose dialysate can be adjusted by the dialysate supply device 43.

  Further, the second control unit 51 under the cleaning operation compares the decomposition end concentration having a predetermined concentration with the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water, and determines whether or not the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water is equal to or lower than the decomposition end concentration. At this time, if the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water exceeds the decomposition end concentration, the second control unit 51 determines that sterilization with chlorine dioxide is continuing, and continues to drive the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41. On the other hand, when the chlorine concentration in the dialysis water is equal to or lower than the decomposition end concentration, the second control unit 51 outputs a control signal for stopping the driving of the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 to the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41. The decomposition end concentration is the upper limit value of the chlorine concentration obtained on the secondary side of the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 when the chlorine dioxide on the secondary side of the soft water tank 15 is sufficiently decomposed.

  Next, a dialysis water supply method performed using the dialysis water supply apparatus having the above-described configuration will be described. In the following, for convenience of explaining the normal operation mode and the washing operation mode in the dialysis water supply apparatus, the raw water pump 11 common to these is assumed to be driven by the first control unit 50 as described above. .

  First, when the normal operation mode is selected by the external input device 52, a normal operation command signal is input from the external input device 52 to the second control unit 51. Then, the second controller 51 drives the primary side RO water pump 16 and the secondary side RO water pump 21 to supply dialysis water to the dialysate supply device 43.

  In addition, the second control unit 51 monitors the volume of the RO water stored in the RO water tank 20 at a predetermined cycle, so that the RO water is always stored in the RO water tank 20 in a predetermined range of capacity. The primary side RO water pump 16 is driven. Further, the second control unit 51 monitors the volume of the dialysate stored in the dialysate tank at a predetermined cycle, and the secondary control unit 51 always stores the dialysate in a predetermined range in the dialysate tank. The side RO water pump 21 is driven.

  At this time, the second control unit 51 monitors the chlorine concentration on the primary side of the dialysate supply device 43 and the personal dialyzer 46 at a predetermined cycle. Then, the second control unit 51 continues to drive the secondary side RO water pump 21 while the dialysis water chlorine concentration is equal to or lower than the normal operation concentration. The driving of the secondary RO water pump 21 is stopped, and a message that the chlorine concentration of dialysis water exceeds the normal operation concentration is output to the outside.

  On the other hand, when the cleaning operation mode is selected by the external input device 52, a cleaning operation command signal is input from the external input device 52 to the second control unit 51. And the 2nd control part 51, in order to sterilize the primary side of dialysate supply device 43 and personal dialysis device 46, primary side RO water pump 16, secondary side RO water pump 21, sodium chlorite pump 31A, the chlorine dioxide pump 32, and the chlorine dioxide decomposition | disassembly part 41 are driven, and the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 is opened.

  In addition, the second control unit 51 monitors the volume of the RO water stored in the RO water tank 20 at a predetermined cycle, so that the RO water is always stored in the RO water tank 20 in a predetermined range of capacity. The primary side RO water pump 16 is driven. Further, the second control unit 51 monitors the volume of the dialysate stored in the dialysate tank at a predetermined cycle, and the secondary control unit 51 always stores the dialysate in a predetermined range in the dialysate tank. The side RO water pump 21 is driven.

  At this time, the second control unit 51 monitors the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the permeated water that has passed through the RO module 17 in a predetermined cycle, and supplies it to the dialysate supply device 43 and the personal dialyzer 46. The chlorine concentration is monitored at a predetermined cycle with respect to the dialysis water. And while the density | concentration of chlorine dioxide is less than washing | cleaning completion density | concentration, the 2nd control part 51 is 31A of sodium chlorite pumps, primary side RO water pump 16, secondary side RO water pump 21, chlorine dioxide pump 32, and Then, the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 is driven.

  Here, chlorine dioxide dissolved in water is a nonionic gas and penetrates into the biofilm where chlorine and bromine are rebounded. For example, chlorine dioxide inactivates and sterilizes polysaccharides that penetrate bacteria in the biofilm and generate bacteria. These sterilization effects are not influenced by pH and show a large sterilization power and a high sterilization rate compared with sterilization effects by sodium hypochlorite solution, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, and acidic electrolyzed water. It is. Further, chlorine dioxide itself does not alter the functional layer of the RO membrane. Therefore, since chlorine dioxide has a higher bactericidal action than those of sodium hypochlorite solution, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, and acidic electrolyzed water, Sterilization becomes possible.

  On the other hand, chlorine dioxide is easily decomposed by all these factors such as a temperature higher than room temperature, irradiation with ultraviolet light, exposure time in such an environment, whether in solution or in the atmosphere. And on the secondary side of the secondary side RO water pump 21, the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 continues to irradiate ultraviolet light, so that the sterilization action of chlorine dioxide is the effect of the dialysate supply device 43 and the personal dialyzer 46. Deactivate on the primary side. That is, even if chlorine dioxide remains in the RO module 17, the concentration of chlorine dioxide is low in the first place, and further chlorine dioxide is decomposed on the primary side of the dialysate supply device 43 and the personal dialyzer 46. The remaining chlorine dioxide does not enter the dialysate supply device 43 or the personal dialyzer 46. Therefore, when the sterilized RO module 17 is washed with soft water, it becomes possible to suppress the flow rate of the raw water in such a washing process or to omit the washing process itself. Chlorine dioxide decomposed in the dialysis water remains in the dialysis water as chlorine ions, and also serves as a part of the electrolyte solution added by the dialysate adjusting device. Therefore, although chlorine dioxide is decomposed in dialysis water, a separate configuration for removing such decomposition products from dialysis water is not required.

  When the concentration of chlorine dioxide becomes equal to or higher than the cleaning end concentration, the second controller 51 stops driving the sodium chlorite pump 31A and the chlorine dioxide pump 32 and closes the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33. Furthermore, when the chlorine concentration of the dialysis water becomes equal to or lower than the decomposition end concentration, the second control unit 51 stops driving the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41. When the sterilized RO module 17 is washed away with soft water, the driving of the raw water pump 11, the primary side RO water pump 16, and the secondary side RO water pump 21 is continued in the above-described manner.

(Test example)
Next, the sterilization action by chlorine dioxide will be described with reference to Table 1.
Concentrations for specimen 1 where the viable count of E. coli is 8.0 × 10 ⁵ , the viable count of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is 4.6 × 10 ⁵ , and the viable count of Staphylococcus aureus is 6.2 × 10 ⁵ However, 1 ppm of chlorine dioxide was used as a disinfectant chemical solution, and the number of viable bacteria after 1 minute and 5 minutes was measured by a plate surface smearing method.

  Also, for the sample 2 consisting of the same number of viable bacteria as the sample 1, chlorine dioxide with a concentration of 5 ppm is used as the disinfectant chemical, and the number of viable cells after 1 minute and 5 minutes is measured by the plate surface smearing method. did. In addition, for specimen 3 consisting of the same number of viable bacteria as specimen 1, chlorine dioxide with a concentration of 10 ppm is used as the disinfectant chemical, and the number of viable bacteria after 1 minute and 5 minutes is measured by the plate surface smearing method. did. In addition, the number of viable bacteria after 1 minute and 5 minutes was measured with respect to the comparative example having the same number of viable bacteria as the sample 1.

Table 1 shows the measurement results of Sample 1, Sample 2, Sample 3, and Comparative Example.
As shown in Table 1, the viable counts of E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not detected after 1 minute in any of Sample 1, Sample 2, and Sample 3. In addition, the viable count of Staphylococcus aureus was not detected in Sample 1 after 5 minutes, and was not detected in Sample 2 and Sample 3 after 1 minute. Accordingly, it was confirmed that the sterilizing action of chlorine dioxide against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus was expressed in a very low concentration of 1 ppm and in a very short time of 1 minute.

(RO module resistance test 1)
Next, a resistance test of the RO module by continuous operation using an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 together with a comparative example thereof.

  As the RO module 17, ESPA1-4021 (Hydratronics (registered trademark), manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) is used, and an aqueous solution of 0.30 ppm chlorine dioxide produced in the chlorine dioxide production part 31 is produced for a predetermined period. Supplied to And the integrated value of the density | concentration of the chlorine dioxide supplied to RO module 17 and transition of the removal rate in RO module 17 were measured.

  Similarly, ESPA1-4021 (Hydratronics (registered trademark), manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) is used as the RO module 17, and 0.55 ppm sodium hypochlorite is used for a predetermined period of time instead of an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide. 17 was supplied. Then, the integrated value of the concentration of sodium hypochlorite supplied to the RO module 17 and the transition of the removal rate in the RO module 17 were measured. The transition of the removal rate obtained in the tolerance test with the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide and the transition of the removal rate obtained in the tolerance test with the aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite are shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, respectively. .

  At this time, a value within the standard value of the RO module 17 was used for the water flow rate in the RO module 17. Further, the integrated value of the concentration of the disinfecting chemical solution supplied to the RO module 17 was obtained as a product of the concentration of the disinfecting chemical solution and the time during which the disinfecting chemical solution was supplied. Moreover, the soft water value which is the conductivity of the soft water (raw water) supplied by the primary side RO water pump 16, the permeate value which is the conductivity of the permeated water of the RO module 17, and the concentrated water value which is the conductivity of the concentrated water. And half of the sum of the soft water value and the concentrated water value was set as the raw water value, and the removal rate was obtained according to the following equation 2.

Removal rate (%) = (Raw water value−Permeated water value) / Raw water value × 100 (Formula 2)
As shown in FIG. 3, when an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is used as the disinfecting chemical, the elapsed time reaches 1057 hours from the start of the supply of the disinfecting chemical, and the concentration of the disinfecting chemical is It was recognized that the removal rate was substantially constant until the integrated value exceeded 300 ppm.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite is used as the disinfecting chemical, as the elapsed time of the supply of the disinfecting chemical increases, the integrated value of the concentration of the disinfecting chemical It was observed that the removal rate decreased with increasing.

Therefore, when an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is used as a disinfecting chemical solution, it has been confirmed that the deterioration of the RO module can be sufficiently suppressed as compared with a commonly used aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite.
(RO module resistance test 2)
Next, the results of an RO module resistance test using aqueous solutions of chlorine dioxide having different concentrations will be described with reference to Table 2.

  As the RO module 17, ESPA1-4021 (Hydramatics (registered trademark), manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) is used, and 0.05 ppm, 0.10 ppm, 0.30 ppm, 0.50 ppm, In addition, an aqueous solution of 1.00 ppm of chlorine dioxide was supplied to the RO module 17 for 700 hours each. Then, the removal rate in the RO module 17 was measured. At this time, the water flow rate in the RO module 17 is a value within the standard value of the RO module 17.

  Table 2 shows the relationship between the concentration of the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide obtained in the tolerance test 2 using the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide and the removal rate. In Table 2, “◯” is associated with a level at which the removal rate is 95% or more and 99.9% or less. In addition, the effect of sterilization with chlorine dioxide was observed, but the removal rate was less than 95%, and the removal rate was comparable to that when using an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite. “X” is associated.

As shown in Table 2, higher resistance than the aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite was recognized when the concentration of the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide was 0.30 ppm or less. In addition, it was confirmed that the optimum concentration of the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide was 0.30 ppm in order to achieve both shortening of the sterilization treatment time with the disinfectant chemical solution and improvement of the resistance of the RO module.
(Water flow test)
Next, the test result regarding the water flow rate of the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide required for the sterilization of the RO module will be described with reference to Table 3.

  First, the RO module 17 generated a state to be sterilized. That is, ESPA1-4021 (Hydratronics (registered trademark), manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) was used as the RO module 17, and water was passed through the RO module 17 for 50 days without using a disinfecting chemical. . Thereafter, the RO module 17 was left at room temperature for 160 days with the RO module 17 filled with soft water. At this time, the number of bacteria contained in the soft water supplied by the primary side RO water pump 16 was 12200/10 ml, and the number of bacteria contained in the permeated water of the RO module 17 was 6280/10 ml.

  Next, an aqueous solution of 0.28 ppm chlorine dioxide generated by the chlorine dioxide generator 31 was supplied to the RO module 17. And with respect to the amount of water passing through the RO module 17 of the soft water to which the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is added, the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the soft water, the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the permeated water, the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the concentrated water of the RO module 17, soft water The number of bacteria and the number of bacteria in the permeate were measured. Table 3 shows the concentration of chlorine dioxide obtained in the water flow rate test and the results of measurement of the number of bacteria.

  As shown in Table 3, it was recognized that the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the permeate increased as the amount of water passed increased. The chlorine dioxide in such permeated water is chlorine dioxide that has passed through the RO module 17 and has not contributed to the sterilization of the RO module 17. Therefore, the tendency for the concentration of chlorine dioxide to increase in the permeate suggests that sterilization in the RO module 17 has progressed and that excess chlorine dioxide has increased. And when the amount of water flow reached 230L, it was recognized that the density | concentration of the chlorine dioxide in permeated water reached a fixed value. That is, it was confirmed that the RO module 17 in the state described above was sufficiently sterilized with a water flow of 230 L.

In addition, it is recognized that the number of bacteria in the permeate decreases to 450 / 10ml when the water flow reaches 100L, and further, the number of bacteria in the permeate decreases to 30 / 10ml when the water flow reaches 230L. It was. Also from the result of the measurement of the number of bacteria, it was confirmed that the RO module 17 in the above-described state was sufficiently sterilized with a water flow of 230 L. And since it was sufficient for the water flow amount of 230 L to be about 50 minutes, it was confirmed that the RO module 17 can be sterilized in a sufficiently short time.
(Chlorine dioxide decomposition test)
Next, test results showing the decomposition action of chlorine dioxide by ultraviolet light will be described with reference to FIG.

  A light source having a wavelength of 185 nm and a light source having a wavelength of 254 nm are used as the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41, and 185 nm ultraviolet light and 254 nm ultraviolet light are sequentially supplied from the secondary side RO water pump 21 to RO water containing chlorine dioxide. Light was irradiated. At this time, the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the inlet side supplied to the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 and the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the outlet side supplied from the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 were measured. was gotten. The flow rate of RO water flowing through the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 was set to 0.5 L / min.

Further, the chlorine dioxide decomposition test was repeated twice under the same conditions as in Test Example 1, and the results of Test Example 2 and Test Example 3 were obtained.
Further, the flow rate of RO water flowing through the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 was set to 1.0 L / min, and other conditions were set in the same manner as in Test Example 1, and the result of Test Example 4 was obtained.

In addition, the chlorine dioxide decomposition test was repeatedly performed under the same conditions as in Test Example 4, and the result of Test Example 5 was obtained.
A light source having a wavelength of 185 nm was used as the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41, and 185 nm ultraviolet light was applied to RO water containing chlorine dioxide. At this time, the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the inlet side supplied to the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 and the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the outlet side supplied from the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 were measured. was gotten. The flow rate of RO water flowing through the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 was set to 1.0 L / min.

A light source having a wavelength of 254 nm was used as the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41, and other conditions were set in the same manner as in Test Example 6, and the result of Test Example 7 was obtained.
The light source in the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 was turned off, and other conditions were set in the same manner as in Test Example 6, and the result of the comparative example was obtained. The results of Test Example 1 to Test Example 7 and the result of Comparative Example are shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in Test Example 1 to Test Example 5, the concentration of chlorine dioxide, which was about 0.20 ppm on the inlet side, decreases to a range from 0.08 ppm to 0.05 ppm on the outlet side. It was recognized that Therefore, it was recognized that chlorine dioxide was decomposed by the irradiation with the ultraviolet light when the flow rate of RO water flowing through the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 was in the range of 0.5 L / min to 1.0 L / min. In addition, the chlorine dioxide concentration on the outlet side in Test Example 6 was found to be slightly higher than the chlorine dioxide concentration on the outlet side in Test Examples 1 to 5. On the other hand, the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the outlet side in Test Example 7 is lower than the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the outlet side in Comparative Example, but is higher than the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the outlet side in Test Examples 1 to 6. Was also found to be high. Therefore, when decomposing chlorine dioxide, it is more effective to irradiate only ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 185 nm or 254 nm in combination with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 185 nm in addition to ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm. It was recognized that there was.

As described above, according to the dialysis water supply device and the dialysis water supply method of the present embodiment, the effects listed below can be obtained.
(1) The chlorine dioxide supplied from the primary side of the RO module 17 enables sterilization from the primary side to the secondary side of the RO module 17. At this time, the sterilization effect of chlorine dioxide is higher than that of sodium hypochlorite solution, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ozone water, and acidic electrolyzed water. Sterilization is also possible.

  (2) Since chlorine dioxide is decomposed on the primary side of the dialysate adjusting device 43a and the personal dialyzer 46, when the sterilized RO module 17 is washed with soft water, the flow rate of raw water in such washing treatment It is also possible to suppress the cleaning, or to omit the cleaning process itself.

  (3) In the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31, pure chlorous acid is generated through sodium chlorite as a cation exchange material, and chlorine dioxide is generated by the reaction of this chlorous acid with the catalyst material. And high purity (99% or more) chlorine dioxide that does not contain ozone.

  (4) When the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the flow path for generating dialysis water is equal to or higher than the cleaning end concentration, supply of sodium chlorite, which is a starting material for chlorine dioxide, is stopped. That is, when sterilization is not required in the flow path for generating dialysis water, generation of chlorine dioxide is stopped in the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31. Therefore, since it is not necessary to store chlorine dioxide in the dialysis water supply device, a configuration for storing chlorine dioxide can be omitted from the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30.

  (5) Since chlorine dioxide is decomposed in the permeated water that has passed through the RO module 17, unlike the decomposition by deaeration, there is no possibility that chlorine gas is generated. Therefore, the handling of the dialysis water supply device becomes easier as compared with an embodiment in which chlorine dioxide is decomposed by deaeration.

In addition, the said embodiment can also be changed and implemented as follows.
-The flow path through which chlorine dioxide flows may be restricted to the flow path to be cleaned.
For example, when the primary side RO water pump 16 and the RO module 17 are to be cleaned, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 6, the recirculation valve 33A is provided between the RO module 17 and the RO water tank 20. The structure connected between the chlorine dioxide pump 32 and the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 is preferable. That is, in the cleaning operation mode, the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 and the recirculation valve 33A are opened, and excess chlorine dioxide that has passed through the primary side RO water pump 16 and the RO module 17 is transferred to the primary side RO water pump 16 and RO. A configuration in which the module 17 is supplied again is preferable. With such a configuration, chlorine dioxide is repeatedly supplied only to the primary side RO water pump 16 and the RO module 17, so that the amount of chlorine dioxide required for the cleaning process is reduced and the time required for the cleaning process is shortened. Is also possible.

  Further, for example, when the primary side RO water pump 16, the RO module 17, and the RO water tank 20 are to be cleaned, the RO water tank 20 and the secondary side RO water as shown by the broken line in FIG. 6. A configuration in which the pump 21 is connected between the chlorine dioxide pump 32 and the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 via the reflux valve 33B is preferable. That is, in the cleaning operation mode, the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 and the recirculation valve 33B are opened, and surplus chlorine dioxide that has passed through the primary side RO water pump 16, the RO module 17, and the RO water tank 20 is transferred to the primary side RO water. A configuration in which the water pump 16, the RO module 17, and the RO water tank 20 are supplied again is preferable. With such a configuration, chlorine dioxide is repeatedly supplied only to the primary side RO water pump 16, the RO module 17, and the RO water tank. Therefore, the amount of chlorine dioxide required for the cleaning process is reduced, and the time required for the cleaning process. Can be shortened.

  Further, for example, when the primary side of the patient monitoring device 45 is to be cleaned, the RO water tank 20 is connected between the dialysate supply device 43 and the patient monitoring device 45 as shown by the broken line in FIG. A connected configuration is preferred. That is, in the washing operation mode, a configuration in which the dialysis water supplied to the secondary side of the dialysate supply device 43 is returned to the RO water tank 20 is preferable.

  Further, for example, when a flow path connecting each of the plurality of patient monitoring apparatuses 45 or a flow path connecting each of the plurality of personal dialysis apparatuses 46 is the object of washing, it is indicated by a broken line in FIG. In addition, it is preferable that the primary side of the last-stage patient monitoring device 45 or the last-stage personal dialyzer 46 is connected to the RO water tank 20. That is, in the washing operation mode, it is preferable that dialysis water supplied to the primary side of the last stage patient monitoring device 45 or the primary side of the last stage personal dialysis apparatus 46 is circulated to the RO water tank 20. .

When the RO module 17 to the personal dialysis device 46 are to be cleaned, the stability of the sterilization effect is maintained for 90 days or more in an operation test in which the following first to fourth steps are repeated every day. Admitted. At this time, ESPA 1-4021 (Hydratronics (registered trademark), manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) was used as the RO module 17, and DBB-73 (manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.) was used as the personal dialysis apparatus 46.
(1st process) The residence tap water (contaminated water) is poured into the personal dialysis machine 46, and the personal dialysis machine 46 is intentionally contaminated by heterotrophic bacteria. At this time, the retained tap water contains 2.00 cfu / ml of heterotrophic bacteria, 1 × 10 ³ or more of aerobic bacteria, and 1 to 4 EU / L of ET.
(Second Step) When the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 is closed and the recirculation valve 33B is opened, the flow path including the recirculation valve 33B is used as a supply path for chlorine dioxide to the personal dialyzer 46. It is done. Then, an aqueous solution of 10.00 ppm of chlorine dioxide supplied from the chlorine dioxide pump 32 is flowed to the personal dialyzer 46. At this time, 10 L of an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide flows into the personal dialyzer 46, and the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is sealed in the personal dialyzer 46 until the next day.
(Third Step) When the chlorine dioxide supply valve 33 is opened and the recirculation valve 33B is opened, the flow path including the recirculation valve 33B is used as the recirculation flow path for chlorine dioxide. Then, an aqueous solution of 0.30 ppm chlorine dioxide supplied from the chlorine dioxide pump 32 is caused to flow into the RO module 17. At this time, 60 L of an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is caused to flow into the RO module 17, and the aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is sealed in the RO module 17 until the next day.
(Fourth step) On the next day, soft water from the primary side RO water pump 16 flows from the RO module 17 to the personal dialyzer 46, and the flow path from the RO module 17 to the personal dialyzer 46 is washed with water for 30 minutes. Thereby, in the flow path from the RO module 17 to the personal dialyzer 46, the residual concentration of chlorine dioxide is reduced to 0.00 ppm.

  In addition, after the said 4th process, in the liquid obtained from the personal dialysis apparatus 46, heterotrophic bacteria are less than 1.0 cfu / ml, aerobic bacteria are less than a detection minimum, and ET is 0.01 EU. / L.

The number of RO modules 17 to be cleaned is not limited to one, and may be two RO modules 17 connected in series as shown in FIG. 7, for example.
The controller of the dialysis water supply device simultaneously generates chlorine dioxide in the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 and decomposition of chlorine dioxide in the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 when the dialysate supply device 43 adjusts the dialysate. May be. That is, even if the chlorine dioxide supply step of supplying chlorine dioxide from the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 and the chlorine dioxide decomposition step of decomposing chlorine dioxide in the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 are performed when the dialysate supply device 43 is operated. Good.

  With such a configuration and method, the dialysis water is supplied and the flow path used to generate the dialysis water is washed at the same time. Therefore, each time the dialysis water supply device is sterilized, the operation efficiency of the dialysis water supply device can be increased as compared with the case where each part of the dialysate supply device needs to be stopped.

  In addition, when the production | generation and decomposition | disassembly of chlorine dioxide and the production | generation and supply of a dialysate are performed simultaneously as mentioned above, sterilization by chlorine dioxide is performed during the production | generation and supply of a dialysate. For this reason, the frequency of sterilization with chlorine dioxide tends to be higher than when the generation and decomposition of chlorine dioxide and the generation and supply of dialysate are performed separately. Therefore, since the concentration of chlorine dioxide required for the dialysis water supply device itself can be lowered, for example, chlorine dioxide of 0.01 ppm or more and 0.1 ppm or less can be periodically sterilized. Compared with the case where it is performed, it is possible to obtain the same effect.

  The ultraviolet light irradiated by the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 may be light having a wavelength of 254 nm, for example. This makes it possible to simultaneously decompose and sterilize chlorine dioxide. Further, the ultraviolet light irradiated by the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 may be composed of, for example, light having a wavelength of 254 nm and light having a wavelength of 185 nm, or light having a wavelength of 254 nm and light having a wavelength of 260 nm to 400 nm. May be configured. According to this, compared with the case where only the light with a wavelength of 254 nm is irradiated, it becomes possible to improve the decomposition efficiency of chlorine dioxide.

  In addition, when the sterilization effect by ultraviolet light is not required, a configuration in which light having a wavelength other than 254 nm is irradiated, for example, a configuration in which only light at 185 nm is irradiated, or a configuration in which only light at 260 nm to 400 nm is irradiated. It may be.

The chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 may be configured to be mounted inside the RO water tank 20.
The chlorine dioxide decomposition unit 41 may be configured to degas chlorine dioxide from dialysis water. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to obtain the effects according to the above (1) to (4).

  The second control unit 51 may set the supply amount of sodium chlorite in the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 to “0” by increasing the concentration detection result in the chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19, or a value other than “0” You may lower it. Even with such a configuration, the supply of sodium chlorite, which is a starting material for chlorine dioxide, can be suppressed by lowering the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the flow path for producing dialysis water. That is, when it is necessary to suppress sterilization in the flow path for generating dialysis water, the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 can suppress the generation of chlorine dioxide. Therefore, since the storage of chlorine dioxide can be suppressed by the dialysis water supply device, in addition to the effects according to the above (1) to (3), the load for storing chlorine dioxide should be reduced by the dialysis water supply device. Is possible.

  The second control unit 51 may change the supply amount of sodium chlorite in the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 so that the detection result of the concentration in the chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19 maintains a predetermined set value. At this time, a soft water flow meter is provided between the soft water tank 15 and the primary side RO water pump 16, and a signal indicating the flow rate of the soft water supplied to the RO module 17 is output from the soft water meter to the second control unit 51. Is done. Based on the difference between the detection result of the concentration in the chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19 and the predetermined set value, and the detection result in the soft water flow meter, the driving amounts of the sodium chlorite pump 31A and the chlorine dioxide pump 32 are the second. A configuration determined by the control unit 51 is preferable.

  The chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19 may be omitted, and the second control unit 51 may maintain the supply amount of sodium chlorite in the chlorine dioxide generation unit 31 at a constant value for a predetermined time. With such a configuration, in addition to the effects according to the above (1) and (2), the configuration of the dialysis water supply device can be simplified because the chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19 is omitted.

  The dialysis water supply device may have a configuration in which each pump has a control unit that controls the driving mode of the pump. For example, the second control unit 51 controls the drive mode of the primary side RO water pump 16 according to the soft water capacity in the soft water tank 15 and the secondary side according to the RO water capacity in the RO water tank 20. You may have a control part which controls the drive mode of RO water pump 21 exceptionally. Further, the second control unit 51 may be configured to have a separate control unit that controls the driving mode of the sodium chlorite pump 31 </ b> A according to the detection result of the chlorine dioxide concentration meter 19.

  -The structure provided with the other chlorine dioxide supply part which supplies chlorine dioxide to the secondary side of RO module 17 may be sufficient. At this time, the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the primary side of the RO module 17 is preferably lower than that on the secondary side of the RO module 17.

  That is, the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the primary side of the RO module 17 is preferably low for protecting the functional layer of the RO membrane, while the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the secondary side of the RO module 17 sterilizes various pipes. In order to do so, it is preferably high. In this regard, with the above-described configuration, the concentration of chlorine dioxide can be individually adjusted on the primary side and the secondary side of the RO module 17. Therefore, in addition to being able to achieve both sterilization of the RO module 17 and protection of the functional layer in the RO membrane, it is possible to increase the efficiency of sterilization on the secondary side of the RO module 17.

-The arrangement | positioning of the pre filter 12 is not restricted between the raw | natural water pump 11 and the soft water apparatus 13, You may arrange | position between the activated carbon filtration apparatus 14 and the soft water tank 15. FIG.
A configuration in which at least one of the soft water tank 15 and the RO water tank 20 may be omitted may be omitted. When the RO water tank 20 is omitted, the secondary RO water pump 21 may be omitted together with this. There may be.

  The ion exchange device 31B is equipped with an anion exchange material as an ion exchange resin in addition to a hydrogen type cation exchange material, and sodium chlorite discharged from the sodium chlorite pump 31A and the anion exchange resin. The structure made to contact may be sufficient.

  The dialysis water supply target may be either one of the dialysate adjustment device 43a, which is the primary side of the patient monitoring device 45, or the personal dialysate adjustment device 46a mounted on the personal dialyzer 46. In other words, the dialysis system to which the dialysis water supply device is applied may be configured to include one of the patient monitoring device 45 and the personal dialysis device 46.

  The dialysis water is used for dissolving the powder dialysis solution or diluting the dialysis solution stock solution, or for cleaning or disinfecting the piping or cleaning water, the patient monitoring device 45 or the personal dialysis device 46. Therefore, in a time zone such as midnight when dialysis treatment is not performed, the chlorine dioxide supplied from the chlorine dioxide supply unit 30 is a flow path through which dialysis water is generated, the dialysate supply device 43, the patient monitoring device 45, and an individual. The structure enclosed with the dialysis apparatus 46 may be sufficient.

  In the dialysis water supply device, an electrically regenerative deionization device (EDI device) on which ion exchange resin is mounted is connected to the secondary side of the RO module 17, and the RO water after deionization by the EDI device is the RO water tank 20 may be supplied. Since an EDI device is usually equipped with an ion exchange resin that is difficult to wash with sodium hypochlorite, the sterilization action of chlorine dioxide, which is a non-chlorine-type disinfectant, is effective against sterilization of such EDI devices. It is also effective.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Raw water pump, 12 ... Pre filter, 13 ... Soft water device, 14 ... Filtration device, 15 ... Soft water tank, 15S ... Soft water meter, 16 ... Primary side RO water pump, 17 ... RO module, 18 ... RO water flow meter 19 ... Chlorine dioxide concentration meter, 20 ... RO water tank, 20S ... RO water meter, 21 ... Secondary side RO water pump, 30 ... Chlorine dioxide supply unit, 31 ... Chlorine dioxide production unit, 31A ... Sodium chlorite Pump, 31B ... Ion exchange device, 31C ... Catalyst device, 32 ... Chlorine dioxide pump, 33 ... Chlorine dioxide supply valve, 33A, 33B ... Recirculation valve, 41 ... Chlorine dioxide decomposition part, 42 ... Chlorine concentration meter, 43 ... Dialysate Supply device, 43a ... dialysate adjusting device, 43S ... dialysate water meter, 45 ... patient monitoring device, 46 ... personal dialyzer, 46a ... personal dialysate adjusting device, 50 ... first Control unit, 51 ... second control unit, 52 ... external input device.

Claims (8)

With a dialysis water generator that generates dialysis water using a reverse osmosis membrane,
A dialysis water supply device for supplying the dialysis water to a dialysate adjustment device to be supplied,
The dialysis water generator is
A chlorine dioxide supply section for supplying chlorine dioxide to the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane;
A water supply apparatus for dialysis, comprising a chlorine dioxide decomposition unit for decomposing chlorine dioxide on the secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane. The chlorine dioxide supply part is
The dialysis water according to claim 1, further comprising a chlorine dioxide generation unit that generates chlorous acid by contact between a chlorite and an ion exchange material, and generates chlorine dioxide by contact between the chlorous acid and a catalyst material. Feeding device. A concentration detector for detecting the concentration of chlorine dioxide on the secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane;
A controller that controls the generation of chlorine dioxide by the chlorine dioxide generator based on the detection result of the concentration detector;
The dialysis water supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the control unit lowers a supply amount of chlorite in the chlorine dioxide generation unit by increasing the concentration. The control unit is
Controlling the driving mode of the chlorine dioxide generator and the driving mode of the chlorine dioxide decomposition unit;
The controller is
When the dialysate adjusting device adjusts dialysate,
Supply of chlorine dioxide in the chlorine dioxide supply section;
The dialysis water supply device according to claim 3, wherein chlorine dioxide is decomposed in the chlorine dioxide decomposition section. The chlorine dioxide decomposition part is
It is a light source which irradiates an ultraviolet light with respect to the permeated water which permeate | transmitted the said reverse osmosis membrane. The dialysis water supply apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-4. The concentration detector detects whether the concentration is equal to or higher than a predetermined value;
The dialysis water supply device according to claim 3, wherein the control unit stops supplying chlorite in the chlorine dioxide generation unit when the concentration is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. Using a dialysis water supply device that supplies dialysis water generated using a reverse osmosis membrane,
A dialysis water supply method for supplying the dialysis water to a dialysate adjusting device,
A chlorine dioxide supply step of supplying chlorine dioxide to the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane;
A dialysis water supply method comprising: a chlorine dioxide decomposition step of decomposing chlorine dioxide on the secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane. When the dialysate adjustment device operates,
The dialysis water supply method according to claim 7, wherein the chlorine dioxide supply step and the chlorine dioxide decomposition step are performed.

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