JP2013023079A - Spaceship - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spaceship having a concave lower surface (1a) to store air having a heat insulation effect to prevent the spaceship from being heated, in order to solve the problem of a conventional spaceship which is burned with frictional heat generated when a spaceship enters the atmosphere.SOLUTION: When a spaceship enters the atmosphere from the lower part of a capsule (1), the concave lower surface (1a) of the capsule (1) reduces frictional heat generated when the spaceship enters the atmosphere. The concave lower surface (1a) of the capsule (1) prevents the internal air (1b) from being heated. The internal air (1b) is compressed, to brake the capsule (1).

Description

  The present invention relates to a spacecraft that reduces frictional heat at the time of entry into the atmosphere by making the bottom of the spacecraft concave.

  Most conventional spacecrafts have a shape as shown in FIG. 2 and a space shuttle. When the spacecraft returned to Earth, atmospheric friction consumed enormous kinetic energy converted to heat. It can be seen that a 1000 ton rocket burns 900 ton fuel in about 10 minutes and launches a 5 ton spacecraft from launch to 7 km / s. . Since the spacecraft that has obtained the kinetic energy is generating heat in the compressed atmosphere (1c) as shown in the figure, the heated conventional capsule (1z) calculates the amount that is heated and melted, Designed thicker or with ceramic tiles like a space shuttle capsule.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-269768

  Most conventional spacecraft have the shape shown in FIG. When the spacecraft returns to the earth, the air is compressed by air friction, and when it is compressed, the heat generated during pressurization is about 3000 degrees, and the heat is heated for about 3 minutes. It was often a big accident. When it enters the atmosphere at a speed of 7 km / s, the compressed atmosphere (1c) as shown in the figure generates heat, so the heated conventional capsule (1z) is heated and melts. It was calculated and designed to be thick, but it is better not to have extra weight. Also, when returning from the moon, the angle of invasion was important. If it was too shallow, it would bounce into the earth's air, like a drainage, and if it was too deep, it would burn due to atmospheric friction. Therefore, the friction of the atmosphere (1c) was slowing down slowly enough not to melt the spacecraft.

  In addition, ceramic tiles were stretched like a space shuttle, but there was an accident where the ceramic tiles were peeled off during launch. Therefore, he returned after confirming that the ceramic tiles were not removed in outer space.

  Therefore, when the spacecraft of the present invention enters the atmosphere from the lower part, the spaceship is provided with a concave surface (1a) at the lower part of the capsule (1) of the spacecraft, thereby reducing the frictional heat at the time of entering the atmosphere. Is.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, when entering the atmosphere from the lower part of the capsule (1), the object was achieved by making the lower part of the capsule (1) a concave surface (1a).

The spacecraft of the present invention has the following effects.
(B) By making the lower part of the spacecraft capsule concave, air will not be exchanged, so frictional heat at the time of entry into the atmosphere will not be transmitted to the capsule.
(B) Conventional capsules were designed to be thicker by calculating the amount melted when heated, but the amount can be reduced.
(C) The escape rocket of the second embodiment can be used for braking when returning.
(D) The wings of the escape rocket of Example 2 are balanced when returning.

The figure is a schematic diagram showing a cross section when entering the atmosphere. The figure is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section at the time of entering the conventional atmosphere. The figure is a schematic diagram of planar gas cutting that discovered the principles of the present invention. The figure is a schematic illustration of concave gas cutting that discovered the principles of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram of the orbit of the comet of the Tunguska explosion. It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of a comet. It is a schematic diagram of a cross section just before the comet explodes. The figure is a schematic diagram of a rocket. The figure is a schematic diagram before entering the atmosphere. The space shuttle of Example 3 is a schematic diagram when entering the atmosphere. It is a schematic diagram of the wing (5a) of Example 3. The space shuttle of Example 4 is a schematic diagram when entering the atmosphere. It is a schematic diagram of the vertical tail of Example 4.

  When the spacecraft of the present invention enters the atmosphere from the lower part of the capsule (1), the compressed atmosphere (1c) is not replaced when the lower part of the capsule (1) is a concave surface (1a). Therefore, it is a spacecraft that reduces frictional heat.

  The principle of the spacecraft will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of gas cutting in FIG. When a 12 mm thick steel plate (3) is cut using a gas blow tube (2), the blue fire (2b) at the crater (2a) of the blow tube (2) is the hottest flame. By the way, the place 3mm ahead of the crater (2a) is the blue fire (2b), and when heated at about 3mm, the 12mm iron plate (3) is heated at about 3000 degrees, and the iron plate (3) Part of the heated area melts in about 2 to 3 seconds. In the drawing, the crater (2a) is 5 mm transparent, but in reality 3 mm is where it is most efficiently heated and there is a flame of about 30 centimeters outside the blue fire (2b).

  And if pure oxygen is sprayed from the hole provided in the center of the crater (2a) to the melted place, the iron plate (3) is oxidized and the iron plate (3) can be cut. When pure oxygen is blown into this when the iron of the iron plate (3) is dissolved, the iron burns, and the temperature at which the iron burns reaches 6000 ° C. It is easy to penetrate. For cutting ability, NO. The hole for blowing oxygen of 1 is φ0.7, 1 mm to 5 mm, NO. 2 is 5 mm to 15 mm, NO. 3 has a cutting ability of 15 mm to 30 mm, but can cut a thickness about three times that. And it can cut | disconnect if it gradually moves the surface which oxygen blows.

  However, in FIG. 4, when the iron plate (3) has a depression (3 a) such as a punch, a blue fire (2 b) is brought to the center of the depression (3 a), and when heated, the iron plate (3) is dissolved as shown in the figure. The temperature is not 1200 degrees. It does not become hot in the depression (3a) because the heated air is not efficiently replaced. In other words, when the object is heated by heating, there is a heat source there, and there is a cold iron plate (3). Heat is transmitted between them by heat conduction. It is impossible to melt, and the temperature will not rise that much.

  In addition, it is impossible for the gas flame to enter the recess (3a), return to the heated crater (2a), and cut from the recess (3a). It is common sense among them. In the drawing, in FIG. 3, the flame spreads sideways and is heated efficiently, but in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the flame is returned to the crater (2 a) due to the depression (3 a). .

  The principle of heating the iron plate (3) before cutting is replaced with a thing that prevents the high temperature when the spacecraft enters the atmosphere. To explain it more clearly, no matter how many heat sources there is, it will not be exhausted and will not warm up efficiently. In other words, if you eat something from your mouth and you become constipated, you can't convert the food you eat efficiently into energy.

  As an aside, at around 7:02 (local time) on June 30, 1908, the Russian Empire Central Siberia. Podkamennaya in the Yenisei River tributary. The explosion that occurred in the upper Tunguska River is the Tunguska incident. The outline was that strong air vibrations occurred, the forest burned over a radius of 30 km, and trees in the range of about 2,150 km 2 were slashed. The mushroom cloud produced by the explosion could be observed from several hundred kilometers away. At the point of the explosion, iridium, an element that hardly exists on the earth's surface, has been detected.

  The cause of the explosion seems to have been a celestial body that has fallen on the earth, but no meteorite holes or fragments of meteorites have been discovered, and the cause of the explosion has not yet been identified. Explain why the meteorite exploded. The meteorite is a comet (6), which has the sun (6b) as shown in FIG. Then, the part which the light of the sun (6b) has hit is facing the direction of the earth (6a). Then, it is a schematic diagram of the cross section of FIG. 6, where the comet (6) hits the tail (6c) of the comet (6) in the direction of the sun (6b) and the light of the sun (6b) hits it. Becomes a concave surface (1a).

  Then, as shown in the schematic diagram of the cross section of FIG. 7, the earth (6a) was attracted and fell to Tunguska in Central Siberia of the Russian Empire. The comet (6) also has an atmosphere and the surface to enter is a concave surface (1a), and the internal air (1b) accumulated inside the concave surface (1a) has a high pressure. Furthermore, since it intersects with the earth (6a) at a right angle, the compression ratio depends on how many meters above the ground the air on the ground is compressed. As shown in FIG. 7, when the comet (6) falls, the width of the comet (6) is 100 meters, and the air in the middle must move 50 meters before being discharged. In addition, since it falls at 10 kilometers per second, it is difficult to think about avoiding air.

  The air is compressed from the stratosphere to the troposphere, the velocity energy is changed to the compression energy, and the compression energy is changed to the thermal energy, but the thermal energy is not transmitted to the comet (6) but is bound by the ground air. As you can see, when it becomes close to 0 meters above the ground, even a small amount of the atmosphere (1c) escaping around loses the escape, but before it reaches 0 meters above the ground, the comet (6) cannot withstand the pressure. I think it was ruptured.

  Furthermore, the internal air (1b) becomes high pressure, and the comet (6) with a diameter of 100 meters bursts with the internal pressure. The capacity of the pressure is a comet (6) with a diameter of 100 meters, a concave surface (1a) with a diameter of 50 meters, a cone with a depth of 10 meters, 6500 cubic meters, a high pressure cylinder of 60 km, an internal capacity of 30 km In terms of conversion, 200,000 high-pressure gases will burst, and the destructive force is considered to be 10 megatons in terms of TNT explosives. Therefore, no trace of meteorite is left on the surface of the earth (6a).

  In other words, it is a hypothesis that the meteorite did not burn because it was concave, but exploded at a pressurized pressure just before it hit the ground. The meteorite has a mass of about 100,000 tons and a 100 meter diameter object falls at a speed of 10 kilometers per second, so the amateur hypothesis is that the meteorite is a concave surface (1a), which is similar to the theory of the present invention. Though it can be considered, this theory must fall at night, but I am concerned that the fall time is in the morning.

  Therefore, the spaceship is a thing that can withstand high temperatures by making the front surface that enters the atmosphere into a concave surface (1a). The internal air (1b) of the capsule (1) having a concave surface (1a) collides with the atmosphere (1c) at a speed of 7 km / s, and the internal air (1b) is compressed and becomes high temperature. Even if (1c) is compressed, it is not discharged, so it stops in place.

  Therefore, although internal air (1b) becomes high temperature temporarily, the heat is cooled by the outer plate | board of a capsule (1), and does not become high temperature. However, since the compression ratio of the internal air (1b) of the capsule (1) is about 50 to 1, attention should be paid to destruction due to atmospheric pressure.

  When the compression ratio is 50 to 1, the brake acts as it is and the speed drops. If the speed drops, the compressed pressure gradually decreases, and when reaching the troposphere, the speed is reduced to about 1000 meters per second, the compression ratio becomes 4 to 1, the altitude is 10,000 meters or less, and the parachute is used to descend to the ground. .

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(A) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a spacecraft when entering the atmosphere. The capsule (1) of the spacecraft is the lower part on the side that enters the atmosphere. In the drawing, the left side is a concave surface (1a), so that it enters the atmosphere. The capsule (1) is at a speed of 7 kilometers per second, and the compressed atmosphere (1c) as shown in the figure generates about 6000 degrees of heat. The atmosphere (1c) of the curve written in the figure is about 6000 degrees.

  However, since the capsule (1) has a concave surface (1a), there is an internal air (1b) inside the concave surface (1a), and the internal air (1b) is compressed to a compression ratio of 50: 1. 6000 degrees of heat is emitted and the temperature becomes high, but the high temperature air does not flow and remains at that place. Since the internal air (1b) of about 6000 degrees has heat retention, it is cooled to the outer plate of the capsule (1), and heat of about 500 degrees is applied to the spacecraft. Heat is not applied.

  In the figure, the atmosphere (1c) in front of the capsule (1) is that the capsule (1) collides at a speed of 7 kilometers per second, and the waves spread like a shock wave. The fact that the place where the temperature is high spreads up and down is actually spreading throughout. And since a capsule (1) has air interposed and air has heat retention property, only about 500 degree | times heat is transmitted.

  Since the capsule (1) that has entered the atmosphere is not streamlined as in the prior art, the friction with the air is large, so the speed drops quickly. When streamlined, the tip of the conventional capsule (1z) in FIG. 2 has a vigorous flow of air, so it generates a high temperature with about 3000 degrees of heat. 1 And the gravity was 3G, the friction of the atmosphere (1c) continued for about 3 minutes, and the temperature of 3000 degrees melted the outer plate. However, in the present invention, the pressure of the atmosphere (1c) is 50 to 1, and is reduced to a speed of 1000 meters per second in about 1 minute with a deceleration of about 10 G.

  When entering the troposphere, the speed is about 300 meters per second, about the speed of sound, opens a parachute at 10,000 meters above the ground, and then descends to the ground.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a rocket. The manned rocket (4) does not produce a sufficient thrust when launched, and is provided with an escape rocket (4a) provided on the upper part of the capsule (1) when a buttock accident or control becomes impossible. When the accident occurred, the escape rocket (4a) separated the manned rocket (4) capsule (1), flew to a safe place, opened the parachute, and escaped. The manned rocket (4) has been launched.

  The escape rocket (4a) was discarded because it was unnecessary when it went out of the atmosphere, but in FIG. 9, the escape rocket (4a) is attached on the capsule (1), and the escape rocket (4a) plays a role of balancing behind when entering the atmosphere.

  When entering the atmosphere, there is an escape rocket (4a) at the rear with the concave surface (1a) at the bottom of the capsule (1) in the traveling direction. And it is the figure which injected the escape rocket (4a) (4c). The arrow coming out of the escape rocket (4a) is the place where the injection (4c) is being performed, but since it proceeds in the direction opposite to the direction of the injection (4c), it becomes the reverse injection (4c), and the exhausted air that has been injected (4c) The gas curves as shown. The brake is applied at a speed of 7 km / s, and the speed drops to about 6.5 km / s. As a result, the orbit of hygiene cannot be maintained, and it enters the atmosphere.

  The capsule (1) is provided with an escape rocket (4a) on the rear, and the escape rocket (4a) is provided with a wing (4b). The capsule (1) falls in the shape of a bow and arrow. Therefore, the wing (4b) of the rear escape rocket (4a) is lighter and the wings (4b) have resistance.

  Ideally, it is more efficient to operate the escape rocket (4a) after entering the atmosphere because reverse injection (4c) is performed. When the escape rocket (4a) is injected (4c) in space, there is no resistance, so the escape rocket (4a) can exert its ability only by the law of action and reaction, but it is for escape by the reverse injection (4c). Air closes the injection port of the rocket (4a), and more efficient injection (4c) can be performed.

  FIG. 10 shows a concave portion (1a) on the left side in the drawing of the lower part when the space shuttle (5) of the capsule (1) enters the atmosphere. In the figure, the entry into the atmosphere with the lower part of the space shuttle (5) as the head means that the entry into the atmosphere with the space shuttle (5) standing up. Therefore, the conventional space shuttle is about 45 degrees, with the front facing up, and the entire lower portion of the space shuttle (5) is a portion where air is rubbed. Therefore, ceramic tiles were stretched at the bottom.

  However, by making the lower portion of the space shuttle (5) of the present invention concave, an air layer is formed at the lower portion of the space shuttle (5), and the atmosphere (1c) is not replaced with the space shuttle (5). Protect 5) from high temperatures. However, in view of all the resistances, the rear side is larger, so it is necessary to control the posture so that the standing space shuttle (5) is maintained until that time.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the wing (5a). The wing (5a) has a front flap (5b) and a rear flap (5c), which keeps the entire wing (5a) concave (1a). The dotted line shows the state of the front flap (5b) and the rear flap (5c) in a normal glide state. When the front flap (5b) and the rear flap (5c) are in the state of standing, the speed is sufficiently lowered in the standing state, and when the sound speed is reached, gradually lower the bow of the space shuttle (5) from the standing state. When the normal gliding state is reached, the front flap (5b) and the rear flap (5c) are slid as shown by dotted lines.

  Then, before landing, the front flap (5b) and the rear flap (5c) are lowered again to increase the lift and land. Therefore, the wing (5a) falls to the left by about 90 degrees.

  The space shuttle (5) in FIG. 12 is a view that enters the atmosphere from behind because the skirt (5d) of the rear rocket engine is concave. A rocket engine is provided after the space shuttle (5), and the rocket engine has a skirt (5d).

  The skirt (5d) is shaped like a slip, and when it enters the atmosphere later, it becomes a concave surface (1a), so that the temperature does not rise and the skirt (5d) is not melted. The vertical tail (5e) of the wing (5a) in FIG. 13 has two rear flaps (5c), and the rear flap (5c) is opened on the two to create a concave surface, and the wing (5a) Protect from high temperature. The drawing shows a cross section of the vertical tail (5e).

  Then, when the speed reaches 300 meters per second, the space shuttle (5) rolls back to the normal landing posture. Therefore, it is necessary to make a concave surface to collect air behind the wing (5a) of the space shuttle (5).

  If this principle is used for a pan, the bottom surface is not heated extremely. The pan received the flame of the stove, and it was uneven in the stove flame, but when the mechanism of the present invention was used, heat was transmitted on average.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Capsule 1a Concave surface 1b Internal air 1c Atmosphere 1z Conventional capsule 2 Blow tube 2a Tinder 2b Blue fire 3 Iron plate 3a Depression 3b Melted part 4 Manned rocket 4a Escape rocket 4b Wing 4c Injection 5 Space shuttle 5a Flap flap 5a Front flap 5c 5d Skirt 5e Vertical tail 6 Comet 6a Earth 6b Sun 6c Tail

Claims (1)

  A spacecraft characterized in that when entering the atmosphere from the lower part of the capsule (1), the lower part of the capsule (1) has a concave surface (1a).