JP2013001726A - Candle, and illumination structure for illuminating the candle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a candle of simple structure, capable of exhibiting multicolor luminescent decoration at low cost, and illumination structure for illuminating the candle.SOLUTION: The candle 1 includes a multicolor luminescent light-emitting part 2 of emitting lights in a multicolor luminescent fashion by irradiation with an ultraviolet ray. The illumination structure includes: the light-emitting part 2 provided in the candle 1, and emitting the lights in a multicolor luminescent fashion by irradiation with the ultraviolet ray; a hollow part 13 formed in the candle 1; and an ultraviolet ray-applying part 3 arranged in an inside of the hollow part 13, to irradiate the light-emitting part 2 with the ultraviolet ray.

Description

  The present invention relates to a candle having a light decorative property and an irradiation structure for irradiating the candle with light.

  Conventionally, as an irradiation structure for imparting decorative properties of light to a candle, a light projection space recess formed inside the candle, a light emitting unit having one or more light sources and disposed in the recess, An irradiation structure for irradiating light to a candle (hereinafter referred to as a candle irradiation structure) comprising the light-transmitting film and a light-transmitting film disposed between the light-emitting unit and the concave portion and formed with required light-transmitting characters and the like Is known) (Patent Document 1).

  In the candle illuminated structure, by causing the light from the light source of the light-emitting unit to irradiate the light transmissive film transmits light in a portion of a character or the like of the light transmissive film, the surface of the candle, the desired characters and the like It is possible to express the effect with light (light emission) and to exert a decorative effect.

Utility Model Registration No. 3097455

  However, in the conventional candle irradiation structure, when the light emitting unit is configured to include one light source, the light that passes through the characters and the like of the light transmissive film is light of one color from the one light source. On the surface of the candle, only the required letters are emitted in a single color, and the decorativeness of light is poor.

  Therefore, in the conventional candle illumination structure, the light source is a plurality of light sources that emit light of different colors, and the required letters and the like are emitted in multiple colors with the light from these light sources, so that more colorful light decoration So that you can get.

  However, in this case, it is necessary to prepare a large number of various types of light sources, and these light sources are suitable so that light from each light source is irradiated in an appropriate range with respect to the required characters and the like. Must be installed in. Therefore, in the case of giving a multicolored light decoration to the candle, there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated and the cost increases.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a candle that can exhibit a multicolored decoration with a simple structure and low cost, and an irradiation structure that irradiates the candle. Is an issue.

  The candle which concerns on this invention was made | formed in order to solve the said subject, and is equipped with the light emission part which light-emits multicolor by irradiating an ultraviolet-ray.

  In the such a candle is provided with the light emitting portion of multi-color light emission by the ultraviolet rays are irradiated by ultraviolet rays are radiated onto the light emitting portion, colorful and multicolor light emission is performed from the light emitting portion The decoration can be demonstrated.

  The irradiation structure according to the present invention is provided in a candle and emits multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, a hollow portion formed in the candle, and disposed in the hollow portion, and emits ultraviolet rays. And an ultraviolet irradiation unit for irradiating the unit.

  In such an irradiation structure, since the light emitting portion that emits multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays is provided in the candle, and the ultraviolet irradiation portion is disposed in the hollow portion formed in the candle, the ultraviolet irradiation portion is By using and irradiating the light emitting part with ultraviolet rays from inside the hollow part, multicolor emission is made from the light emitting part irradiated with the ultraviolet rays, and colorful decoration can be exhibited.

  As described above, according to the candle according to the present invention, because it is characterized by comprising a light emitting unit for multi-color light emission by the ultraviolet rays are irradiated, at a low cost has a simple structure, the multicolor light-emitting decorative Can be demonstrated.

  Moreover, according to the irradiation structure which concerns on this invention, with respect to the light emission part which is provided in a candle and emits multicolor light by being irradiated with an ultraviolet-ray, it is ultraviolet-ray from the ultraviolet irradiation part arrange | positioned in the hollow part formed in a candle. Therefore, a multi-colored decoration can be exhibited at a low cost with a simple structure.

It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the irradiation structure which irradiates the candle which concerns on this invention, and this candle, (a) is a schematic sectional drawing, (b) is a schematic external view, (c) is The sectional view on the AA line of (a) is shown. It is a front view of the candle which concerns on other embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a front view of an egg-shaped candle, (b) shows the front view of a spherical-shaped candle. It is a front view of the candle which concerns on other embodiment, (a) is a front view of a cone-shaped candle, (b) is a front view of a triangular pyramid-shaped candle, (c) is a square pyramid The front view of a mold-shaped candle is shown. It is a front view of the candle which concerns on other embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a front view of a tapered candle, (b) shows a front view of a spiral candle. The front view of the fan which is a reference example which applied the irradiation structure which concerns on this invention is shown. The front view of the flower which is a reference example which applied the irradiation structure which concerns on this invention is shown.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a candle according to the present invention and an irradiation structure for irradiating the candle will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the candle according to this embodiment includes a main body 1 and a light emitting unit 2 that emits multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays.

  The main body 1 of the candle has a wax body 11 made of wax and a core 12 configured to be ignitable. The brazing body 11 has a columnar shape with a central axis a having a straight line and a constant outer diameter, and has a hollow portion 13 formed therein.

  The hollow portion 13 is a hole formed in the candle wax body 11. In the present embodiment, the hollow portion 13 is formed from the lower surface of the brazing body 11 to a position that does not reach the upper surface along the longitudinal direction, and is a cylindrical space having a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the brazing body 11 (that is, the central axis line). b is a straight space with a constant inner diameter). In other words, the brazing body 11 has a cylindrical shape from the middle part in the longitudinal direction where the hollow portion 13 is formed to the lower end portion, and the upper end portion above the hollow portion 13 has a columnar shape. The upper surface is closed and the lower surface is opened. Further, the central axes a and b of the main body 1 and the hollow portion 13 coincide with each other.

  Further, the main body 1 is provided with coloring suppression means for suppressing the coloring of the main body 1 itself when the main body 1 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. In the present embodiment, the color development suppressing means is that a fluorescent whitening agent having a property of absorbing ultraviolet light and converting it into pale light is not used for the wax body 11, that is, the wax body according to the present embodiment. No. 11 is a solidified wax that does not contain a coloring fluorescent brightening agent.

  The core 12 is configured to be ignited, and is embedded in the brazing body 11 so as to protrude from the upper surface of the brazing body 11. In the present embodiment, the core 12 is a string-like body made of cotton or rush, for example, and the upper end of the core 12 protrudes from the center of the upper surface of the wax body 11 toward the outside in the longitudinal direction. A portion below the portion is embedded in the brazing body 11.

  The light emitting section 2 of the candle includes light emitting means configured to be able to emit multiple colors when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and mounting means configured to be attachable to the candle body 1.

  The light emitting means is an ink layer that absorbs ultraviolet rays and emits visible light of various colors when irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The paint for forming the ink layer is a paint that emits visible light of a predetermined color when absorbing ultraviolet rays, and a plurality of types are used so that the ink layer emits multicolor light. The attachment means is, for example, an adhesive that can adhere to the candle body 1.

  The light emitting unit 2 according to the present embodiment is a seal, a sealing base material that is a transparent synthetic resin film, and a light emitting unit that is formed on the surface of the sealing base material and emits multicolor light by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. Characters “2010 Congratulations graduation” and an adhesive layer as an attachment means provided on the back surface of the seal substrate are provided. For example, in FIG. 1B, the required character as the light emitting means is that “2010” portion emits blue light by ultraviolet irradiation, “Congratulations” portion emits red light by ultraviolet irradiation, and “gradation” portion. Is made up of different paints so that yellow light is emitted by UV irradiation. Such a light emitting unit 2 is attached by attaching the adhesive layer on the back surface side to the outer surface of the candle body 1 (wax body 11).

  In addition, the irradiation structure according to the present embodiment is a structure that irradiates the candle, and as shown in FIG. 1, the light emission that is provided on the main body 1 of the candle and emits multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays. Part 2, the hollow part 13 formed in the candle, the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 arranged in the hollow part 13 for irradiating the light emitting part 2 with ultraviolet rays, and a support part for supporting the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 4, an operating means 5 for operating the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3, and a candle table 6.

  The ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 is configured to irradiate the light emitting unit 2 with ultraviolet rays. In the present embodiment, the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 includes a light source 31 that emits ultraviolet light, a power source 32 for transmitting power to the light source 31 so that the light source 31 functions, and a lead wire 7 that connects the light source 31 and the power source 32. Consists of.

  The light source 31 is an LED that emits ultraviolet light, and is, for example, a cylindrical body having a tip formed in a dome shape, a semiconductor element housed in the housing, and a lower surface of the housing. It consists of a cathode to be emitted and a terminal for the anode. The light source 31 is configured to irradiate ultraviolet rays from the semiconductor element by applying a positive voltage to the anode with respect to the cathode.

  The power source 32 includes a battery that can transmit power to the light source 31 and a battery box that houses the battery. The power source 32 is configured to transmit power to the light source 31 via the lead wire 7 that electrically connects the light source 31 (terminal) and the power source 32.

  The support unit 4 is configured to support the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 and position the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 with respect to the light emitting unit 2 so that the light emitting unit 2 of the candle is irradiated by the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3. The In the present embodiment, the support portion 4 has a hollow quadrangular prism shape, and the light source 31 is positioned with respect to the light emitting portion 2 on each side surface. Specifically, the support unit 4 supports the light source 31 so that ultraviolet rays are emitted outward from each side surface. In the present embodiment, four support units 4 are spaced at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction on each side surface. A light source 31 is arranged. Moreover, the support part 4 accommodates the lead wire 7 connected to the light source 31 inside (hollow).

  In addition, it is preferable that irradiation to the light emission part 2 by the some light source 31 (LED) is uniform irradiation, for example, a support part so that the irradiation range of each light source 31 may partially overlap in the light emission part 2. 4 is used to position the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 with respect to the light emitting unit 2.

  The operation means 5 is configured to be capable of operating the irradiation of ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3. In the present embodiment, the operation means 5 is configured to control the power source 32 (that is, to adjust the current sent from the power source 32 to the light source 31) in order to operate the irradiation of ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3. Specifically, the operation means 5 relates to power transmission control from the power source 32 to the light source 31, for example, on / off switching control of the power source 32 (so that the power transmission amount is in a zero state or one predetermined amount state). Controller for selecting and performing transmission power adjustment control (control for switching power transmission in stages so that power transmission is zero or a plurality of predetermined amounts) (For example, a controller provided with a predetermined button, which can be remotely operated, etc.).

  The candle stand 6 is configured so that the candle body 1 and the support portion 4 can be placed thereon. In the present embodiment, the candle table 6 includes a glass 61 and a flat plate 62 disposed in the glass 61.

  The glass 61 is in the form of a transparent cocktail glass and can stand by itself, and a vessel 61b provided at the upper end of the foot 61a and having a substantially circular cross section with a diameter increasing upward. It has. In addition, a perforation for the lead wire 7 of the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 is provided in the lower part of the vessel part 61b.

  The flat plate 62 is a disk-shaped flat thin plate, and is fitted horizontally in the middle part of the vessel 61b of the glass 61. And the support part 4 and the candle main body 1 are mounted in the upper surface center part of this flat plate 62. As shown in FIG. Specifically, the support unit 4 is erected and fixed at the center of the upper surface of the flat plate 62, and the candle body 1 includes the support unit 4 and the light source 31 (that is, the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3) provided on the support unit 4. Is partly fixed on the upper surface of the flat plate 62 so as to be disposed in the hollow portion 13.

  Next, the operation of the candle according to the present embodiment configured as described above and the irradiation structure for irradiating the candle will be described.

  When the operation means 5 is operated (for example, a predetermined button is pressed), a current is sent from the power source 32 to the light source 31. The transmitted light source 31 emits ultraviolet rays. The ultraviolet light passes through the hollow portion 13 of the candle through the main body 1 (the wax body 11) and reaches the light emitting portion 2 provided on the outer surface of the main body 1 (the wax body 11). It absorbs ultraviolet rays transmitted from the inside of the wax body 11 and emits multicolor light. Specifically, among the characters made up of “2010 Congratulations gradation”, the “2010” part emits blue light, the “Congratulations” part emits red light, and the “gradation” part emits yellow light.

  As described above, the candle according to the present embodiment includes the light emitting unit 2 that emits multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The required characters, which are the light emitting means of the section 2, can emit light in multiple colors and exhibit colorful decorations.

  Further, the candle is provided with a coloring suppression means, that is, since the wax body 11 does not contain a fluorescent brightening agent, the light emitting part 2 on the outer surface of the main body 1 from the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 disposed in the hollow part 13. When the ultraviolet rays are irradiated to the light-emitting element 2, the irradiated ultraviolet rays can be suppressed from being absorbed by the wax body 11, and the light-emitting unit 2 is reliably irradiated with the ultraviolet rays. Further, by suppressing the ultraviolet absorption of the wax body 11, it is possible to suppress the light emission of the wax body 11 itself and to make the multicolor emission from the light emitting unit 2 stand out.

  Moreover, since the light emission part 2 has an attachment means, it can be easily attached to the candle main body 1.

  Moreover, since the candle has the hollow part 13, the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 can be arrange | positioned in the hollow part 13, Therefore, while being able to irradiate the light emission part 2 from the hollow part 13 with an ultraviolet-ray, In addition, it is not necessary to place the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 outside the candle, and the irradiation structure can be made compact. Further, by disposing the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 in the hollow portion 13, the light source 31 can be disposed close to the light emitting unit 2 and the light emitting unit 2 can emit light clearly. Moreover, since the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 is not shown outside, the design of the irradiation structure can be improved.

  Moreover, according to the irradiation structure which concerns on this embodiment, the light emission part 2 which light-emits multicolor by irradiating an ultraviolet-ray is provided in a candle, and the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 is arrange | positioned in the hollow part 13 formed in a candle. Therefore, by using the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 to irradiate the light emitting unit 2 with ultraviolet rays from the inside of the hollow portion 13, there are many required characters that are light emitting means of the light emitting unit 2 irradiated with the ultraviolet rays. It emits colors and can display colorful decorations.

  Moreover, since the irradiation structure has the support part 4 on which the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 is supported, the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 can be appropriately positioned with respect to the light emitting part 2, and the ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 can be positioned. Can be appropriately irradiated to the light emitting unit 2.

  Moreover, since the support part 4 has a quadrangular prism shape, and four ultraviolet irradiation units 3 are provided at predetermined intervals on each of the four side surfaces, the ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 are irradiated over a wide range. be able to.

  Moreover, since the irradiation structure has the operation means 5 for operating the ultraviolet irradiation from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3, the operation of irradiating the light emitting unit 2 with ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 can be easily performed. Further, since the operation means 5 is configured to be able to adjust the amount of power transmitted from the power source 32 to the light source 31, by adjusting the intensity of the light source 31, that is, by adjusting the amount of ultraviolet rays irradiated to the light emitting unit 2. The intensity of multicolor emission from the light emitting unit 2 can be changed.

  In addition, the candle concerning this invention and the irradiation structure which irradiates this candle are not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the case where the shape of the wax body 11 is a cylindrical shape has been described. However, the shape is not limited thereto, and the shape of the wax body may be a polygonal prism shape such as a triangular prism or a quadrangular prism. .

  Further, the shape of the brazing body 11 is preferably a rounded shape having no corners. In this case, candle shaped wax body 11, for example, oval shapes of substantially elliptical vertical cross section (see FIG. 2 (a)), or the vertical direction of the cross section is substantially circular spherical shape (See FIG. 2B).

  Furthermore, the shape of the brazing body 11 can also be configured to be a cone. In this case, the shape of the wax body 11 is, for example, a conical shape (see FIG. 3A), a triangular pyramid shape (see FIG. 3B), or a quadrangular pyramid shape (see FIG. 3C). It can be configured as follows.

  Alternatively, the brazing body 11 may have a tapered shape (see FIG. 4A) that tapers toward the tip, or a spiral shape (see FIG. 4B) in which the tip side forms a spiral shape.

  Further, in the present embodiment has described the case without the optical brightener wax body 11, not limited to this, the degree to which all of the ultraviolet is not blocked by the body to be irradiated (i.e., at least ultraviolet rays irradiated The fluorescent whitening agent may be included in such a degree that a part of the light passes through the main body. Alternatively, the light emission suppressing means 13 may not be applied to the wax body 11.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the light emitting means of the light emitting unit 2 is a required character has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the light emitting means may be a figure, a symbol, an illustration, or a combination thereof. is there.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the light emitting unit 2 is provided on the outer side surface of the main body 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the light emitting unit is provided on the upper surface of the main body (except for the central portion from which the core protrudes). May be. It can also be provided in the hollow portion 13.

  Moreover, although this embodiment demonstrated the case where the light source 31 which is the ultraviolet irradiation part 3 was arrange | positioned in the hollow part 13 of a candle, not only this but all the ultraviolet irradiation parts 3, ie, The light source 31, the power source 32, and the lead wire 7 may be disposed in the hollow portion 13 of the candle.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the ultraviolet irradiation unit 3 includes the light source 31, the power source 32, and the lead wire 7 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the ultraviolet irradiation unit has a built-in power source in the support unit 4, for example. As in the case, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the lead wire is omitted and the light source and the power source are integrated.

  In the present embodiment, the support portion 4 has been described as having a hollow quadrangular prism shape. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the support portion may have a shape such as a cylinder, a cone, or a sphere. Is possible.

  Moreover, although the support part 4 demonstrated the case where four ultraviolet irradiation parts 3 were arrange | positioned at predetermined intervals along a longitudinal direction in each side surface, it is not restricted to this, A support part is a light emission part by an ultraviolet irradiation part. 2 can be applied, for example, it is possible to provide an ultraviolet irradiation part only on one side without providing an ultraviolet irradiation part on each side surface (all side surfaces). The number of ultraviolet irradiation units (light sources) to be used is not necessarily four, and may be one, two, three, five or more, for example.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the operation unit 5 includes a remote controller that can be remotely operated has been described. However, the operation unit 5 is not limited thereto, and the operation unit is integrated with, for example, a power source (for example, a battery box that stores a battery). It is also possible to provide a switch that switches the power supply on / off or switches the amount of power transmitted from the power supply to the light source in multiple stages.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the candle table 6 includes the glass 61 and the flat plate 62 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the candle table may be configured as a decoration table or a table.

  Moreover, although this embodiment demonstrated the case where the irradiation structure was provided with the support part 4, the operation means 5, and the candle stand 6, not only this but an irradiation structure is at least a support part, an operation means, and a candle stand. It is also possible to configure with one, or it is possible to configure without any support part, operation means and candle stand.

  Next, a reference example in which the irradiation structure according to the present invention is applied to a fan and a flower (artificial flower, fresh flower) will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, a fan will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the fan is extended from a fan part 81 having a light emitting part 8 that emits multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and a base part 82 of the fan part 81. , A gripping part 83 configured to be grippable, an ultraviolet irradiation part 84 that is provided on the base part 82 side of the fan part 81 and irradiates the light emitting part 8 with ultraviolet rays, and an operation for operating the ultraviolet irradiation from the ultraviolet irradiation part 84 Means 85.

  Here, the light-emitting unit 8 reads “Happy Birthdayday! ! ] And a cracker figure are configured to emit multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays. The ultraviolet irradiation unit 84 includes a light source 86 that emits ultraviolet rays to the light emitting unit 8, a power source 87 for sending current to the light source 86, and a lead wire 88 that connects the light source 86 and the power source 87. The operation means 85 includes a switch for switching the power supply 87 on / off so as to control power transmission from the power supply 87 to the light source 86.

  According to such a fan, since the operation unit 85 is used to irradiate the light emitting unit 8 with ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 84 to cause the light emitting unit 8 to emit multicolor light, the structure is simple, low cost, and many It can show the decoration of color emission.

  Referring next to flowers, such flowers as shown in FIG. 6, the petals 91 having a light emitting portion 9 for single or multi-color light emission by the ultraviolet rays are irradiated, the base 92 side of the petals 91 are implanted A stem portion 93 and an ultraviolet ray irradiation portion 94 provided on the stem portion 93 for irradiating the light emitting portion 9 with ultraviolet rays.

  Here, the light emitting unit 9 emits monochromatic or multicolored light when the petal 91 as a whole emits monochromatic or multicolored light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, or a predetermined character or the like formed on the petal 91 emits monochromatic or multicolored light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays. It is configured as follows. In addition, the ultraviolet irradiation unit 94 is configured integrally with a light source 95 that emits ultraviolet rays to the light emitting unit 9 and a power source 96 for sending current to the light source.

  According to such a flower, since the light emitting unit 9 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 94 to cause the light emitting unit 9 to emit multicolor light, a simple structure, low cost, and decoration of single color or multicolor light emission are possible. It can be demonstrated.

  The above flower has no stem, it is also possible to construct from the petals and an ultraviolet irradiation unit having a light emitting portion, in this case, for example, prepared pan, ultraviolet irradiation unit on the bottom of the pan In the state where the petals are arranged, decorate the petals on the saucer, and irradiate the petals with ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation unit, for example, the original white petals are single colors such as red, blue, yellow, rainbow colors, etc. It can be made to emit light in a mixed color and can exhibit a decoration of single color or multicolor light emission. Furthermore, when a required character or the like that emits monochromatic or multicolor light is formed on the petal, a decoration of monochromatic or multicolor light emission by the required character or the like can be exhibited.

  In addition, the flower can be configured to include an operation means for operating the ultraviolet irradiation from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 94. Moreover, the said flower may be comprised including the lead wire which the ultraviolet irradiation part 94 connects the light source 95 and the power supply 96. FIG.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Main body, 2 ... Light emission part, 3 ... Ultraviolet irradiation part, 4 ... Support part, 5 ... Operation means, 6 ... Candle stand, 7 ... Lead wire, 11 ... Brazing body, 12 ... Core, 13 ... Hollow part, 31 ... Light source, 32 ... Power supply, 61 ... Glass, 61a ... Foot part, 61b ... Body part, 62 ... Plate

Claims (2)

  A candle comprising a light emitting portion that emits multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays.   A light emitting part that is provided on the candle and emits multicolor light when irradiated with ultraviolet light, a hollow part formed in the candle, and an ultraviolet irradiation part that is disposed in the hollow part and irradiates the light emitting part with ultraviolet light. Irradiation structure characterized by comprising.

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